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Moving Toward?

Moving Toward?

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Moving Toward?

Trends and Future Directions because the digital format of video Virgin Mobile launched Movio, the A number of historical services can be conveyed to any type first nationwide mobile television advances in television technologies of digital communication service in Europe, in September 2006. have tried to achieve better infrastructures. MediaFLO has been developed by transmission of video and audio One of the prominent future Qualcomm in the and images from the 1960s. Digital types of television would be mobile is backed by Verizon . Using television is an emerging television. Strictly defined, mobile MediaFLo, Verizon wireless broadcasting technology that ensures television refers to a mobile service launched its live TV service, named the best signal transmission by far. delivering television and radio V-cast mobile TV, in January 2007 is often used to streaming broadcasting to personal in 20 television markets. Moreover, refer to digital terrestrial television handheld devices or automobile South Korea has pioneered the systems, but the term is generally receivers in the form of one-to-may potential of mobile television by used across all type of transmission communications. For the purpose of reaching the largest number of mobile networks conveying digital signals; marketing, mobile carriers often use television viewers, numbered over 3. digital terrestrial, digital cable, the term of mobile television to refer 5 million handheld devices sold by digital , and other digital also to unicast of or multicast of the end of 2006, including 2millions networks. digital video data in the form of of satellite DMB and 1.5 millions of Most governments have firm point-to-point communication such terrestrial DMB. plans of digital conversion for as video clip downloads and limited The new television service terrestrial televisions, including streaming video services through the over has evolved national digital terrestrial television existing 3G networks. from mass communication to a standards, the timelines of analog Current mobile television private communication by allowing switch-off and a requirement of the utilizes one of three standards; DMB an individual to control their viewing simulcasting of analog services until (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting- situation and viewing time. the switch-off date. Digital television Korea), DVB-H (Digital Video Particularly, many mobile operators systems have been separately Broadcasting-Europe), and provide video-on-demand services developed into several standards; MediaFLO (the United States). via wireless network and it ensures Integrated Services Digital Among the three standards, South the viewers to actively consume the Broadcasting for Terrestrial (ISDB- Korea’s DMB that implements two media for their very personal T), Digital Video Broadcasting types of mobile television services satisfaction. For example, in South (DVB), and the Advanced Television is the most mature and profitable Korea 80 % of users of satellite Standards Committee (ATSC). technology by far. Satellite DMB(S- DMB view mobile broadcasting by ISDB-T was developed by Japan, DMB) is a subscriber based mobile alone, while none of the users view DVB was adopted by most European services and terrestrial DMB(T- with their family. Given the countries, and ATSC was adopted by DMB) is a free over-the-air service. increasing penetration rate of mobile the United States, South Korea, South Korea launched the world’s devices and the high popularity of Argentina, Canada and Taiwan. In first mobile broadcasting services television services, it is predicted by 2007, the digital receiver market was with S-DMB standard in May 2005 some scholars that mobile television estimated to be $67 billions and and with T-DMB standard in January will grow fast and would become a digital television households were 2006. DVB-H, adopted by European popular television services in the estimated to be around 320 million Telecommunication Standards near future. throughout the world. Institute as mobile TV standards in Digitalization is promoting November 2004, has been developed more competition in the television by the DVB forum composed of market in at least two ways. First, European broadcasters, digitalization allows more channels manufacturers, network operators, =gìåÜ~ç=eçåÖ transmitting over the limited waves and regulators. Professor, than analog system has done, which Mobile television is now State University of New York means that more service providers becoming a reality in several at Buffalo enter the television channel market. countries. More than 10 countries, Second, digitalization of such as Finland, France, Italy, and the =eÉ~pìå=`Üìå communication infrastructure is United Kingdom, are now Doctoral Candidate, blurring the border between implementing the test services with State University of New York telecommunication and broadcasting DVB-H. The joint venture of BT and at Buffalo

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Where Is Television

elevision service is now pay TV model has become the most of 2004, including 13 million T available on both analog and popular revenue model in television DirecTV subscribers and 10 million digital platforms in various delivery service market. Subscription EchoStar’s . networks, including terrestrial over- revenues generally consist of the-air radio waves, coaxial or fiber monthly-based subscription fees and New TV Market Landscape optic wire, and geostationary initial installation fees. The current Television is now one of the satellite networks. But where is it subscription based cable market was most widely adopted entertainment moving toward? around $74 billions in 2007, growing and information media throughout the at a compound annual growth rate world, particularly penetrating over The Vigorous Expansion of of 10% from 1989. 90% of households in the first world. Cable and Satellite TV In the meantime, satellite The U.S has a highly developed utilizes television, which delivers broadcast television market in the world with coaxial or fiber optic cables as a signals via a communication satellite 112 million television households and major distribution network. located in above 73million cable TV households in Recently, most coaxial cables are the Earth to the viewers, has also 2006, accounting for a penetration being replaced by fiber optic cables been gaining an increasingly rate of 98% and 66%, respectively. that can reduce interference and have noticeable market share. The initial Although televisions are more capacity than coaxial cables. purpose of the communication widely distributed and reach high As the transmission capacity of fiber satellite was to supplement the penetration rate of over 90% in optic cables increases and cable existing cable network that has a developed countries, the television systems digitalize, current cable smaller coverage area than satellite. market is still growing at a moderate televisions are capable of handling The first commercial communication rate in terms of consumption and huge data with high bitrates such as satellite, nicknamed Early Bird, was production. The viewing time has high-speed , telephony, on- launched into a geostationary orbit steadily increased after the demand video services and over the Atlantic Ocean by the emergence of television and the commercial transaction. International increasing trend is still continuing in Now, cable service operators Satellite Organization () in spite of challenges by alternative turned their eyes to cable’s growing 1965. Early Bird delivered tele- information and communication higher and higher capacity. Fiber communication network traffic and technologies such as the Internet. cables could provide much more television service, which supplements The annual averages of television programs than coaxial cables, thus a portion of traffic via the existing viewing times per day per U.S. enabling several hundreds of trans-Atlantic copper cable. household have steadily increased channel television services to be After witnessing the from nearly 6 hours in 1970 to more delivered over one wire. Cable technological success of Early Bird, than 8 hours in 2006. services have become more and Home Box office (HBO), a cable The world television network more popular. Starting from 1949 network in the United States, began market has steadily grown to reach with limited viewership, currently to use a satellite network to deliver $154 billion in 2005, at a compound the United States has around 120 its own signal to cable system in annual rate of nearly 7 % from 2001. million cable television subscribers 1976, which virtually became a North America has been a leader in and more than 7,000 cable systems. national service. Starting from the TV network market, accounting Indeed, cable television has HBO’s satellite service, satellite for $62 billion at a market share of produced a noticeable historical television using C-band became 38% in 2005. Europe and Asia have impact on television business model. increasingly popular as a $58 billion and $36 billion, Cable operators can control their broadcasting media during the respectively, followed by Latin television service to reach 1980s. In the late 1980s and the America. Although Latin America designated subscribers and can 1990s, the has a very small market with $6 provide various television channel industry saw a technological billion, it has had the fastest growth tiers with different subscribers at advance to direct satellite after 2003 at a compound annual rate different rates ranging from basic broadcasting (DBS). Currently, most of almost 20%. Since the North package to premium package. After satellite television is based on American and Western European TV the early 1970s when the first pay subscription revenue. The number of markets are highly saturated, the television network, HBO, emerged direct satellite broadcasting market growth in these regions is in the United States, the subscribers in the United States anticipated to be dampening in the subscription-based revenue model or reached 23 million in the fiscal year future.

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