DOCSLIB.ORG

A History of Algeria 1St Edition Ebook Free Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A History of Algeria 1St Edition Ebook Free Download A HISTORY OF ALGERIA 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK James McDougall | 9780521617307 | | | | | A History of Algeria 1st edition PDF Book Get exclusive access to content from our First Edition with your subscription. Date — This is just 28 seats short of an overall majority. Their successful device is to allow Turkish pirates, or corsairs, to establish themselves along the coast. Bouteflika went on to win with 70 percent of the cast votes. The New York Times. Search About Preferences Feedback Help. But in the s Boumedienne also pushes through a programme of land reform, redistributing large Algerian estates as small holdings for peasants. Subsequently, with the institution of a regular Ottoman administration, governors with the title of pasha ruled. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from September Articles with unsourced statements from February Articles containing video clips. As in any such situation, the settlers ensure that economic and political power is exclusively theirs. Nonetheless, Tlemcen , the "pearl of the Maghrib," prospered as a commercial center. Charles-Robert Ageron. The territories seized by the corsairs are then given a formal status as protectorates of the Ottoman empire. Britannica Quiz. These were projected to either be self-governing when all previous political institutions had been eliminated by the brutal initial campaigns of conquest or assimiliationary, making the country part of France; the colons proved a grasping lobby who sought the integration of Algeria into France with few rights or privileges for the non-European parts of the population. Main article: History of Ottoman Algeria. Between , and 1 million Algerians are estimated to have died during the war, and more than 2 million, out of a total Muslim population of 9 or 10 million, were made into refugees or forcibly relocated into government-controlled camps. Return to Book Page. Algeria , large, predominantly Muslim country of North Africa. The Carthaginian state declined because of successive defeats by the Romans in the Punic Wars , and in BC, the city of Carthage was destroyed. But the failed uprising prompts the final escalation of terrorist violence in the colony. There are no discussion topics on this book yet. Original Title. The dey threatens to withdraw certain French concessions in Algeria. Political power resided in the Council of the Revolution , a predominantly military body intended to foster cooperation among various factions in the army and the party. The focus is a bit heavy on government policy, and a bit lacking in daily conditions of life. Late summer saw sporadic incidents attributed to the FFS. Main article: Algerian War of Independence. Our booksellers. Main article: History of Algeria since Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article requires login. Oct 06, Ekul rated it liked it Shelves: history , geo-africa-north , temp-modern-late. The region was conquered by the Muslims in the early 8th century AD, but broke off from the Umayyad Caliphate after the Berber Revolt of Give Feedback External Websites. He will resume the leadership of the nation only if he is given unrestricted powers for a period of six months and the authority to draft a new constitution for a fifth French republic. Terror, counter-terror, violence, counter-violence: that is what observers bitterly record when they describe the circle of hate, which is so tenacious and so evident in Algeria. After Philippeville, all-out war began in Algeria. According to official French figures, 1, Muslims died as a result of these countermeasures. Under his rule, leftist and socialist concepts are merged into Islam. Two others are firmly based in Libya by In the short term the situation there becomes worse rather than better. The Evian accords guaranteed the religious and property rights of French settlers, but the perception that they would not be respected led to the exodus of one million pieds-noirs and harkis. Abusive tactics of the French Army remains a controversial subject in France to this day. A History of Algeria 1st edition Writer The Algerian War of Independence — , brutal and long, was the most recent major turning point in the country's history. Not a first edition. Other editions. The Constitution restored the National Popular Assembly and it was given legislative, consent and oversight functions. Radical left-wing measures are more easily taken early in the FLN years, under ben Bella, when the agricultural estates abandoned by the departing French are without difficulty transformed into state farms under the management of the workers. Rating details. Other estimates vary from 6, to as high as 45, killed. For the first time, the Maghrib was united under a local regime, but the continuing wars in Spain overtaxed the resources of the Almohads, and in the Maghrib their position was compromised by factional strife and a renewal of tribal warfare. In the same way, the Tell Atlas is not continuous; in the west it forms two distinct ranges separated by interior plains. Original Title. About Our booksellers For the press Media mentions. Once the breadbasket of the Roman Empire, the territory now comprising Algeria was ruled by various Arab-Amazigh dynasties from the 8th through the 16th century, when it became part of the Ottoman Empire. Error rating book. In the same period, from to the midth century, the Muslim population also increases greatly, from 3 million to about 9 million. Bouteflika immediately admits, in a new mood of openness, that the deaths in seven years of civil war have been not 26, the official government figure but , - higher even than previous independent estimates. The region was conquered by the Muslims in the early 8th century AD, but broke off from the Umayyad Caliphate after the Berber Revolt of At first this can become somewhat confusing because when a book becomes very popular and is often re-printed many times over a number of years with different publishers resulting in several "first editions. Britannica Quiz. But it turns to farce when six of them withdraw their candidacy on the eve of polling day, complaining that the election is patently going to be rigged. Paperback , pages. The most pressing task facing the new president remains Algeria. Main article: French rule in Algeria. Severe earthquakes there have twice destroyed the town of Chlef El-Asnam , in and The imams gained a reputation for honesty, piety, and justice, and the court of Tahirt was noted for its support of scholarship. But the ballot never takes place. The new government, led by Sid Ahmed Ghozali also banned all political activity at mosques and begin turning away people from attending prayers at the popular mosques. With the decline of the local Berber dynasties in the 15th and 16th centuries, the valuable coastal strip of north Africa known because of the Berbers as the Barbary coast attracts the attention of the two most powerful Mediterranean states of the time - Spain in the west, Turkey in the east. The latter is broken by sabkhah s lake beds encrusted with salt and is much less favourable to agriculture because it receives less precipitation. But on the other hand, the government also repressed Islamic groups progressively, such as ordering the dissolution of Al Qiyam. Print print Print. These were projected to either be self-governing when all previous political institutions had been eliminated by the brutal initial campaigns of conquest or assimiliationary, making the country part of France; the colons proved a grasping lobby who sought the integration of Algeria into France with few rights or privileges for the non-European parts of the population. It was because the military's senior leaders felt a need to give a civilian face to the new political regime they had hastily constructed in the aftermath of the ousting of Chadli and the termination of elections, and therefore their preference for a civilian face to front the regime. Open Preview See a Problem? A French army, landing in June , easily overpowers the forces of the dey. There are occasional attempts at a return to democracy. In succession from north to south are intermittent coastal folded massifs and coastal plains. But the colons were generally sympathetic to the collaborationist Vichy regime established following France's defeat by Nazi Germany. An important watershed in this war was the massacre of civilians by the FLN near the town of Philippeville in August But the civilian government in immediate post only acts as 'hijab' to run day-to-day businesses, while the military still runs the country behind the scenes, as ministerial mandates to individuals were only granted with the military's approval, while different factions of the military invested in various political parties and press to use them as pawns to gain influence. Originally published in , the book has the feel of an older history book, with exacting careful research, but without some of the helpful, and more recent developments in historical writing that have come about with subaltern and postcolonial studies. Media mentions. Christian Spain imposed its influence on the Maghrib coast by constructing fortified outposts and collecting tribute. Ethnic resentment, fueled by revolutionary politics introduced by Algerians who had lived and studied in France, led to a widespread nationalist movement in the midth century. By the 2nd century BC, several large but loosely administered Berber kingdoms had emerged. They seize government buildings in Algiers and establish a Committee of Public Safety to ensure that Algeria remains French. Dependencies and other territories. The last significant events in the country's recent history have been the Algerian War and Algerian Civil War. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from September Articles with unsourced statements from February Articles containing video clips.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State
    Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State By Neil Grant Landers A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in French in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor Debarati Sanyal, Co-Chair Professor Soraya Tlatli, Co-Chair Professor Karl Britto Professor Stefania Pandolfo Fall 2013 1 Abstract of the Dissertation Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State by Neil Grant Landers Doctor of Philosophy in French Literature University of California, Berkeley Professor Debarati Sanyal, Co-Chair Professor Soraya Tlatli, Co-Chair Representing the Algerian Civil War: Literature, History, and the State addresses the way the Algerian civil war has been portrayed in 1990s novelistic literature. In the words of one literary critic, "The Algerian war has been, in a sense, one big murder mystery."1 This may be true, but literary accounts portray the "mystery" of the civil war—and propose to solve it—in sharply divergent ways. The primary aim of this study is to examine how three of the most celebrated 1990s novels depict—organize, analyze, interpret, and "solve"—the civil war. I analyze and interpret these novels—by Assia Djebar, Yasmina Khadra, and Boualem Sansal—through a deep contextualization, both in terms of Algerian history and in the novels' contemporary setting. This is particularly important in this case, since the civil war is so contested, and is poorly understood. Using the novels' thematic content as a cue for deeper understanding, I engage through them and with them a number of elements crucial to understanding the civil war: Algeria's troubled nationalist legacy; its stagnant one-party regime; a fear, distrust, and poor understanding of the Islamist movement and the insurgency that erupted in 1992; and the unending, horrifically bloody violence that piled on throughout the 1990s.
    [Show full text]
  • The Berber Identity: a Double Helix of Islam and War by Alvin Okoreeh
    The Berber Identity: A Double Helix of Islam and War By Alvin Okoreeh Mezquita de Córdoba, Interior. Muslim Spain is characterized by a myriad of sophisticated and complex dynamics that invariably draw from a foundation rooted in an ethnically diverse populace made up of Arabs, Berbers, muwalladun, Mozarebs, Jews, and Christians. According to most scholars, the overriding theme for this period in the Iberian Peninsula is an unprecedented level of tolerance. The actual level of tolerance experienced by its inhabitants is debatable and relative to time, however, commensurate with the idea of tolerance is the premise that each of the aforementioned groups was able to leave a distinct mark on the era of Muslim dominance in Spain. The Arabs, with longstanding ties to supremacy in Damascus and Baghdad exercised authority as the conqueror and imbued al-Andalus with culture and learning until the fall of the caliphate in 1031. The Berbers were at times allies with the Arabs and Christians, were often enemies with everyone on the Iberian Peninsula, and in the times of the taifas, Almoravid and Almohad dynasties, were the rulers of al-Andalus. The muwalladun, subjugated by Arab perceptions of a dubious conversion to Islam, were mired in compulsory ineptitude under the pretense that their conversion to Islam would yield a more prosperous life. The Mozarebs and Jews, referred to as “people of the book,” experienced a wide spectrum of societal conditions ranging from prosperity to withering persecution. This paper will argue that the Berbers, by virtue of cultural assimilation and an identity forged by militant aggressiveness and religious zealotry, were the most influential ethno-religious group in Muslim Spain from the time of the initial Muslim conquest of Spain by Berber-led Umayyad forces to the last vestige of Muslim dominance in Spain during the time of the Almohads.
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinking Abolition in Algeria. Slavery and the "Indigenous Question"
    Cahiers d’études africaines 195 | 2009 Varia Rethinking Abolition in Algeria. Slavery and the "Indigenous Question" Benjamin Claude Brower Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/15654 DOI : 10.4000/etudesafricaines.15654 ISSN : 1777-5353 Éditeur Éditions de l’EHESS Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 septembre 2009 Pagination : 805-828 ISBN : 978-2-7132-2208-5 ISSN : 0008-0055 Référence électronique Benjamin Claude Brower, « Rethinking Abolition in Algeria. Slavery and the "Indigenous Question" », Cahiers d’études africaines [En ligne], 195 | 2009, mis en ligne le 01 janvier 2011, consulté le 01 mai 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/etudesafricaines/15654 ; DOI : 10.4000/ etudesafricaines.15654 © Cahiers d’Études africaines Cet article est disponible en ligne à l’adresse : http:/ / www.cairn.info/ article.php?ID_REVUE=CEA&ID_NUMPUBLIE=CEA_195&ID_ARTICLE=CEA_195_0805 Rethinking Abolition in Algeria. Slavery and the "Indigenous Question" par Benj amin Claude BROWER | Editions de l’EHESS | Cahiers d’ ét udes af ricaines 2009/3 - n° 195 ISSN 0008-0055 | ISBN 9782713222085 | pages 805 à 828 Pour citer cet article : — Brower B. C., Rethinking Abolition in Algeria. Slavery and the "Indigenous Question", Cahiers d’études africaines 2009/ 3, n° 195, p. 805-828. Distribution électronique Cairn pour Editions de l’EHESS . © Editions de l’EHESS . Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France.
    [Show full text]
  • The French Revolution in the French-Algerian War (1954-1962): Historical Analogy and the Limits of French Historical Reason
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2016 The French Revolution in the French-Algerian War (1954-1962): Historical Analogy and the Limits of French Historical Reason Timothy Scott Johnson The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1424 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] THE FRENCH REVOLUTION IN THE FRENCH-ALGERIAN WAR (1954-1962): HISTORICAL ANALOGY AND THE LIMITS OF FRENCH HISTORICAL REASON By Timothy Scott Johnson A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2016 © 2016 TIMOTHY SCOTT JOHNSON All Rights Reserved ii The French Revolution in the French-Algerian War (1954-1962): Historical Analogy and the Limits of French Historical Reason by Timothy Scott Johnson This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in History in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Richard Wolin, Distinguished Professor of History, The Graduate Center, CUNY _______________________ _______________________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee _______________________
    [Show full text]
  • A Thesis Entitled a Framework for the Study of the Spread of English In
    A Thesis entitled A Framework for the Study of the Spread of English in Algeria: A Peaceful Transition to a Better Linguistic Environment by Kamal Belmihoub Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in English as a Second Language _________________________________________ Melinda Reichelt, PhD, Committee Chair _________________________________________ Mohamed Benrabah, PhD, Committee Member _________________________________________ Ruth A. Hottell, PhD, Committee Member _________________________________________ Patricia R. Komuniecki, PhD, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2012 Copyright 2012, Kamal Belmihoub This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of A Framework for the Study of the Spread of English in Algeria: A Peaceful Transition to a Better Linguistic Environment by Kamal Belmihoub Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in English as a Second Language The University of Toledo May 2012 The first chapter of this thesis provides an overview of Algeria‟s history of linguistic diversity. The same chapter describes the language policy of Arabization, which has dominated Algeria‟s linguistic situation since independence from France in 1962. In the second chapter, this thesis presents a theoretical framework for the study of the spread of English in Algeria, where this language has been making inroads. It is argued that English should play a positive role in promoting a peaceful linguistic environment in the North African country. In the third and final chapter, the above- mentioned framework is applied to Algeria‟s context, analyzing this environment through the lenses of the theoretical considerations suggested by the framework.
    [Show full text]
  • Terrence G. Peterson Curriculum Vitae Department of History, Florida International University
    Terrence G. Peterson Curriculum Vitae Department of History, Florida International University Deuxième Maison, Office DM 390 11200 SW 8th Street Miami, FL 33199 Office: (305) 348-2809 Cell: (913) 961-3687 [email protected] ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT Assistant Professor of History, Florida International University. August 2016 – Present Faculty Affiliate: African & African Diaspora Studies, European & Eurasian Studies Program, Jaffer Center for Muslim World Studies, Spanish and Mediterranean Studies Program. Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University. October 2015 – June 2016 EDUCATION PhD Modern European History, University of Wisconsin – Madison, August 2015 MA History, University of Wisconsin – Madison, January 2011 BA History and Humanities, The University of Kansas, in, 2007 PUBLICATIONS Journal Articles “The ‘Jewish Question’ and the ‘Italian Peril’: Vichy, Italy, and the Jews of Tunisia, 1940- 1942,” Journal of Contemporary History 50, vol. 2 (2015): 234-258. “Hidden traumas, appelés, and the Algerian war in recent French fiction: a book review essay,” Journal of North African Studies, DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2018.1499585. Book Reviews Book review, Dónal Hasset, “Mobilising Memory: The Great War and the Language of Politics in Colonial Algeria, 1918-1939,” Journal of North African Studies, forthcoming. Book review, James McDougall, “A History of Algeria,” International Journal of Francophone Studies, forthcoming. 1 Book review, Pierre Guyotat, “Idiotie,” Journal of North African Studies, July 2019. Book review, Marc André “Femmes dévoilées. Des Algériennes en France à l’heure de la décolonisation,” H-France Review Vol. 17, No. 227 (December 2017). Book review, Darcie Fontaine, “Decolonizing Christianity: Religion at the End of Empire in France and Algeria,” Journal of North African Studies, July 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • JGI V. 14, N. 2
    Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective Volume 14 Number 2 Multicultural Morocco Article 1 11-15-2019 Full Issue - JGI v. 14, n. 2 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation (2019) "Full Issue - JGI v. 14, n. 2," Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective: Vol. 14 : No. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/jgi/vol14/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Global Initiatives: Policy, Pedagogy, Perspective by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@Kennesaw State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Multicultural Morocco JOURNAL of GLOBAL INITIATIVES POLICY, PEDAGOGY, PERSPECTIVE 2019 VOLUME 14 NUMBER 2 Journal of global Initiatives Vol. 14, No. 2, 2019, pp.1-28. The Year of Morocco: An Introduction Dan Paracka Marking the 35th anniversary of Kennesaw State University’s award-winning Annual Country Study Program, the 2018-19 academic year focused on Morocco and consisted of 22 distinct educational events, with over 1,700 people in attendance. It also featured an interdisciplinary team-taught Year of Morocco (YoM) course that included a study abroad experience to Morocco (March 28-April 7, 2019), an academic conference on “Gender, Identity, and Youth Empowerment in Morocco” (March 15-16, 2019), and this dedicated special issue of the Journal of Global Initiatives. Most events were organized through six different College Spotlights titled: The Taste of Morocco; Experiencing Moroccan Visual Arts; Multiple Literacies in Morocco; Conflict Management, Peacebuilding, and Development Challenges in Morocco, Moroccan Cultural Festival; and Moroccan Solar Tree.
    [Show full text]
  • Qatar's Sovereign Fund Plans Major New Investments
    BUSINESS | Page 1 SPORT | Page 8 Expectant Serena has ‘outrageous’ INDEX DOW JONES QE NYMEX QATAR 2-6, 20 COMMENT 18, 19 comback REGION 6 BUSINESS 1–8, 12-16 Consumer confi dence 22,024.87 9,022.25 46.77 ARAB WORLD 7 CLASSIFIED 9-12 plan +25.88 -112.11 -0.78 INTERNATIONAL 8–18 SPORTS 1–8 rises in second half +0.12% -1.23% -1.64% Latest Figures published in QATAR since 1978 THURSDAY Vol. XXXVIII No. 10548 August 17, 2017 Dhul-Qa’da 25, 1438 AH GULF TIMES www. gulf-times.com 2 Riyals Emir receives new Omani envoy Message to Kuwaiti leader In brief QATAR | Offi cial Emir chairs meeting of economic council His Highness the Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani, Chairman of the Supreme Council for Economic Aff airs and Investment, chaired the council’s fourth meeting in 2017, His Highness the Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani sent a written message to held at the Emiri Diwan yesterday. the Emir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah al-Ahmad al-Jaber al-Sabah, pertaining to bilateral His Highness the Deputy Emir relations and means of enhancing and developing them as well as the latest regional Sheikh Abdullah bin Hamad al-Thani, and international developments, especially the Gulf crisis. The message was handed Vice-Chairman of the council, and by HE the Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohamed bin Abdulrahman al-Thani during a HE the Prime Minister and Interior meeting with the emir of Kuwait yesterday. Minister Sheikh Abdullah bin Nasser bin Khalifa al-Thani, the ouncil’s executive member, attended the His Highness the Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani received the credentials of the Omani ambassador to Qatar Najib meeting along with the members bin Yahya al-Balushi at the Emiri Diwan yesterday.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ottoman Global Moment
    AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In History By Kahraman Sakul, M.A Washington, DC November, 18, 2009 Copyright 2009 by Kahraman Sakul All Rights Reserved ii AN OTTOMAN GLOBAL MOMENT: WAR OF SECOND COALITION IN THE LEVANT Kahraman Sakul, M.A. Dissertation Advisor: Gabor Agoston, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to place the Ottoman Empire within its proper context in the Napoleonic Age and calls for a recognition of the crucial role of the Sublime Porte in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). The Ottoman-Russian joint naval expedition (1798-1800) to the Ionian Islands under the French occupation provides the framework for an examination of the Ottoman willingness to join the European system of alliance in the Napoleonic age which brought the victory against France in the Levant in the War of Second Coalition (1798-1802). Collections of the Ottoman Archives and Topkapı Palace Archives in Istanbul as well as various chronicles and treatises in Turkish supply most of the primary sources for this dissertation. Appendices, charts and maps are provided to make the findings on the expedition, finance and logistics more readable. The body of the dissertation is divided into nine chapters discussing in order the global setting and domestic situation prior to the forming of the second coalition, the Adriatic expedition, its financial and logistical aspects with the ensuing socio-economic problems in the Morea, the Sublime Porte’s relations with its protectorate – The Republic of Seven United Islands, and finally the post-war diplomacy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Roots of Amazigh and Its Arabization Factors in Algeria
    THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF AMAZIGH AND ITS ARABIZATION FACTORS IN ALGERIA Ahfir Abdellah Resumen La cuestión amazigh se está actualmente erigiendo en el norte de África como proble- mática espinosa y altamente ideologizada vinculada a sensibles conflictos de identidad. Consecuentemente, en este trabajo planteamos un acercamiento histórico y científico integral que permita el reconocimiento cultural que la región merece. Palabras claves: Amazigh, arabización, lenguas en extinción, transformación étnica, UNESCO. Abstract The question of the North African Amazighs is slowly emerging as a highly difficult and ideological issue because it is related to the sensitive problem of identity. All historical and scientific aspects need to be studied so that the region gains the recognition it deserves. Keywords: Amazigh, Arabization, Algeria, languages in danger, ethnical alteration, UN- ESCO. Introduction Ancient Egyptian writings revealed the true history of the Amazighs, which dates back to about three thousand years BC. In ancient European languages, the Amazigh people were referred to with different names including the Moors (Mauri). The Greeks called them the Mazyes, while the Greek historian Herodotus used the Amazigh word Maxis. The an- cient Egyptians called their Amazigh neighbours “the muddled”. The Ro- mans called them Numidians, or Libo. The Arabs often called them the Berbers. Berber in Arabic comes from the Graeco-Latin word Barbar, a Latin word used to describe all people who did not speak Latin or Greek believing Greek and Roman civilization superior to all others. The Berber or barbarian denomination was used by the Romans not only against the Amazighs but also against Germanic and English rebellious tribes.
    [Show full text]
  • Amazigh-State Relations in Morocco and Algeria
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2013-06 Amazigh-state relations in Morocco and Algeria Kruse, John E.,III Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/34692 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS AMAZIGH-STATE RELATIONS IN MOROCCO AND ALGERIA by John E. Kruse III June 2013 Thesis Advisor: Mohammed Hafez Second Reader: Tristan Mabry Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202–4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704–0188) Washington, DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2013 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS AMAZIGH-STATE RELATIONS IN MOROCCO AND ALGERIA 6. AUTHOR(S) John E. Kruse III 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943–5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Az Értekezés
    SZEGEDI TUDOMÁNYEGYETEM BÖLCSÉSZETTUDOMÁNYI KAR TÖRTÉNELEMTUDOMÁNYI DOKTORI ISKOLA MODERNKOR PROGRAM PALOTÁS ZSOLT BEJEK, KORZÁRÓK ÉS DIPLOMATÁK A TUNISZI KORMÁNYZÓSÁG KAPCSOLATAI A NYUGAT-EURÓPAI ORSZÁGOKKAL ÉS AZ EGYESÜLT ÁLLAMOKKAL, 1605–1830 DOKTORI ÉRTEKEZÉS Témavezető: Dr. Kökény Andrea, PhD egyetemi adjunktus SZEGED 2016 Szüleimnek ii KÖSZÖNETNYILVÁNÍTÁS Soli Deo gratia! Először is köszönetet szeretnék mondani témavezetőmnek, Kökény Andrea egyetemi adjunk- tusnak munkám során megfogalmazott hasznos észrevételeiért. Ott volt tudományos kutatása- im kezdetekor és mindig segített, amikor szükségem volt rá. Szintén köszönetet szeretnék mondani J. Nagy László egyetemi tanárnak doktori tanulmányaim során nyújtott segítségéért. Ő volt az, aki felkeltette érdeklődésemet a Magreb történelme iránt. Nagylelkű támogatásának köszönhetően 2012-ben, első alkalommal kutathattam Tunéziában. A munka elkészítését segítették a pénzügyi támogatások. Köszönhetően az ERASMUS ösztön- díjnak lehetőségem volt Máltán tanulni félévet (2011–2012-es tanév 2. félév). A Máltai Egye- temen megismertem a Szent János Lovagrend történetét és a máltai korzó jellegzetességeit. Külön köszönetet szeretnék mondani Victor Mallia-Milanesnek, az Ispotályos Tanulmányok mester képzés vezetőjének Máltán való tartózkodtam során nyújtott segítségéért. 2013-ban Berlinben a John F. Kennedy–Institut für Nordamerikastudien (JFKI) végeztem kutatómunkát a Campus Hungary ösztöndíj keretén belül. Ezen intézmény mellett lehetősé- gem volt forrásgyűjtésre a Staatsbibliothek zu Berlinben, a Bibliothek des Instituts für Islamwissenschaft-ben és az Universitätsbibliothekben. Köszönhetően a programnak szintén kutathattam Tunéziában 2014-ben. Ezen időszak alatt elsődleges- és másodlagos forrásokat gyűjtöttem a Biblothèque de Université de Sousse-ban, az Archives Nationales de Tunisie-ban, a Biblothèque Nationale de Tunisie-ban és a Le Centre d’Etudes Maghrébines à Tunisban (CEMAT). Emellett, köszönhetően Mehdi Jerad egyetemi adjunktusnak két előadást is tartot- tam az Université de Sousse-on.
    [Show full text]