Topics in Middle Eastern and African Economies Vol. 7, September 2005 Understanding post-independence visions of economic prosperity in Algeria through the mirror of the Second Napoleonic Empire.* Kay Adamson
[email protected] Glasgow Caledonian University, UK JEL Classifications: F2, B3, B4 Key Words: Saint-Simonians, Economic Policy – past and present, Algeria Abstract This paper explores how a study of economic policy-making in Algeria during the period of the Second Napoleonic Empire helps to provide an understanding of economic policy choices post-independence in 1962. In particular, it shows that the separation between the private and the public sector of the economy was always unclear, and that this essentially ambivalent character reflected a post-1789 search by the French state for a variety of means to create a dynamic modern capitalist economy. Introduction The following discussion is motivated by the question – why was it that the political independence of Algeria in 1962 did not bring about the degree of social and economic emancipation that contemporary activists as well as its observers had assumed would accompany political independence? It is therefore concerned with two moments of Algerian history. The first of these moments is that period in the mid-19th-century, more or less delimited by the Second Napoleonic Empire, when the economic infrastructure of modern industrial France was largely put in place, and the different ways in which that process impacted on Algeria. The second of these moments, that is continuously present but only discussed in fragments, begins with independence from France in 1962. This is concerned with the vision held by the protagonists for post-independence economic prosperity that then influenced the nature and character of both the subsequent economic and political regimes.