Persian Literature
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Mah Tir, Mah Bahman & Asfandarmad 1 Mah Asfandarmad 1369
Mah Tir, Mah Bahman & Asfandarmad 1 Mah Asfandarmad 1369, Fravardin & l FEZAN A IN S I D E T HJ S I S S U E Federation of Zoroastrian • Summer 2000, Tabestal1 1369 YZ • Associations of North America http://www.fezana.org PRESIDENT: Framroze K. Patel 3 Editorial - Pallan R. Ichaporia 9 South Circle, Woodbridge, NJ 07095 (732) 634-8585, (732) 636-5957 (F) 4 From the President - Framroze K. Patel president@ fezana. org 5 FEZANA Update 6 On the North American Scene FEZ ANA 10 Coming Events (World Congress 2000) Jr ([]) UJIR<J~ AIL '14 Interfaith PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF '15 Around the World NORTH AMERICA 20 A Millennium Gift - Four New Agiaries in Mumbai CHAIRPERSON: Khorshed Jungalwala Rohinton M. Rivetna 53 Firecut Lane, Sudbury, MA 01776 Cover Story: (978) 443-6858, (978) 440-8370 (F) 22 kayj@ ziplink.net Honoring our Past: History of Iran, from Legendary Times EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Roshan Rivetna 5750 S. Jackson St. Hinsdale, IL 60521 through the Sasanian Empire (630) 325-5383, (630) 734-1579 (F) Guest Editor Pallan R. Ichaporia ri vetna@ lucent. com 23 A Place in World History MILESTONES/ ANNOUNCEMENTS Roshan Rivetna with Pallan R. Ichaporia Mahrukh Motafram 33 Legendary History of the Peshdadians - Pallan R. Ichaporia 2390 Chanticleer, Brookfield, WI 53045 (414) 821-5296, [email protected] 35 Jamshid, History or Myth? - Pen1in J. Mist1y EDITORS 37 The Kayanian Dynasty - Pallan R. Ichaporia Adel Engineer, Dolly Malva, Jamshed Udvadia 40 The Persian Empire of the Achaemenians Pallan R. Ichaporia YOUTHFULLY SPEAKING: Nenshad Bardoliwalla 47 The Parthian Empire - Rashna P. -
Classical Persian Literature Bahman Solati (Ph.D), 2015 University of California, Berkeley [email protected]
Classical Persian Literature Bahman Solati (Ph.D), 2015 University of California, Berkeley [email protected] Introduction Studying the roots of a particular literary history enables us to better understand the allusions the literature transmits and why we appreciate them. It also allows us to foresee how the literature may progress.1 I will try to keep this attitude in the reader’s mind in offering this brief summary of medieval Persian literature, a formidable task considering the variety and wealth of the texts and documentation on the subject.2 In this study we will pay special attention to the development of the Persian literature over the last millennia, focusing in particular on the initial development and background of various literary genres in Persian. Although the concept of literary genres is rather subjective and unstable,3 reviewing them is nonetheless a useful approach for a synopsis, facilitating greater understanding, deeper argumentation, and further speculation than would a simple listing of dates, titles, and basic biographical facts of the giants of Persian literature. Also key to literary examination is diachronicity, or the outlining of literary development through successive generations and periods. Thriving Persian literature, undoubtedly shaped by historic events, lends itself to this approach: one can observe vast differences between the Persian literature of the tenth century and that of the eleventh or the twelfth, and so on.4 The fourteenth century stands as a bridge between the previous and the later periods, the Mongol and Timurid, followed by the Ṣafavids in Persia and the Mughals in India. Given the importance of local courts and their support of poets and writers, it is quite understandable that literature would be significantly influenced by schools of thought in different provinces of the Persian world.5 In this essay, I use the word literature to refer to the written word adeptly and artistically created. -
The Hymns of Zoroaster: a New Translation of the Most Ancient Sacred Texts of Iran Pdf
FREE THE HYMNS OF ZOROASTER: A NEW TRANSLATION OF THE MOST ANCIENT SACRED TEXTS OF IRAN PDF M. L. West | 182 pages | 15 Dec 2010 | I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd | 9781848855052 | English | London, United Kingdom The Hymns of Zoroaster : M. L. West : See what's new with book lending at the Internet Archive. Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass. User icon An illustration of a person's head and chest. Sign up Log in. Web icon An illustration of a computer application window Wayback Machine Texts icon An illustration of an open book. Books Video icon An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video Audio icon An illustration of an audio speaker. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3. Software Images icon An illustration of two photographs. Images Donate icon An illustration of a heart shape Donate Ellipses icon An illustration of text ellipses. Full text of " The Hymns Of Zoroaster. West has produced a lucid interpretation of those ancient words. His renditions are filled with insights and empathy. This endeavour is an important contribution toward understanding more fully some of the earliest prophetic words in human history. West's book will be widely welcomed, by students and general readers alike. West resuscitates the notion of Zoroaster as the self-conscious founder of a new religion. In advancing this idea, he takes position against many modern interpreters of these extremely difficult texts. The clarity and beauty of his translation will be much welcomed by students of Zoroastrianism and by Zoroastrians themselves, while his bold interpretation will spark off welcome debate among specialists. -
Compare and Analyzing Mythical Characters in Shahname and Garshasb Nāmeh
WALIA journal 31(S4): 121-125, 2015 Available online at www.Waliaj.com ISSN 1026-3861 © 2015 WALIA Compare and analyzing mythical characters in Shahname and Garshasb Nāmeh Mohammadtaghi Fazeli 1, Behrooze Varnasery 2, * 1Department of Archaeology, Shushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran 2Department of Persian literature Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Iran Abstract: The content difference in both works are seen in rhetorical Science, the unity of epic tone ,trait, behavior and deeds of heroes and Kings ,patriotism in accordance with moralities and their different infer from epic and mythology . Their similarities can be seen in love for king, obeying king, theology, pray and the heroes vigorous and physical power. Comparing these two works we concluded that epic and mythology is more natural in the Epic of the king than Garshaseb Nameh. The reason that Ferdowsi illustrates epic and mythological characters more natural and tangible is that their history is important for him while Garshaseb Nameh looks on the surface and outer part of epic and mythology. Key words: The epic of the king;.Epic; Mythology; Kings; Heroes 1. Introduction Sassanid king Yazdgerd who died years after Iran was occupied by muslims. It divides these kings into *Ferdowsi has bond thought, wisdom and culture four dynasties Pishdadian, Kayanids, Parthian and of ancient Iranian to the pre-Islam literature. sassanid.The first dynasties especially the first one Garshaseb Nameh has undoubtedly the most shares have root in myth but the last one has its roots in in introducing mythical and epic characters. This history (Ilgadavidshen, 1999) ballad reflexes the ethical and behavioral, trait, for 4) Asadi Tusi: The Persian literature history some of the kings and Garshaseb the hero. -
On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi
Official Digitized Version by Victoria Arakelova; with errata fixed from the print edition ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI YEREVAN SERIES FOR ORIENTAL STUDIES Edited by Garnik S. Asatrian Vol.1 SIAVASH LORNEJAD ALI DOOSTZADEH ON THE MODERN POLITICIZATION OF THE PERSIAN POET NEZAMI GANJAVI Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies Yerevan 2012 Siavash Lornejad, Ali Doostzadeh On the Modern Politicization of the Persian Poet Nezami Ganjavi Guest Editor of the Volume Victoria Arakelova The monograph examines several anachronisms, misinterpretations and outright distortions related to the great Persian poet Nezami Ganjavi, that have been introduced since the USSR campaign for Nezami‖s 800th anniversary in the 1930s and 1940s. The authors of the monograph provide a critical analysis of both the arguments and terms put forward primarily by Soviet Oriental school, and those introduced in modern nationalistic writings, which misrepresent the background and cultural heritage of Nezami. Outright forgeries, including those about an alleged Turkish Divan by Nezami Ganjavi and falsified verses first published in Azerbaijan SSR, which have found their way into Persian publications, are also in the focus of the authors‖ attention. An important contribution of the book is that it highlights three rare and previously neglected historical sources with regards to the population of Arran and Azerbaijan, which provide information on the social conditions and ethnography of the urban Iranian Muslim population of the area and are indispensable for serious study of the Persian literature and Iranian culture of the period. ISBN 978-99930-69-74-4 The first print of the book was published by the Caucasian Centre for Iranian Studies in 2012. -
Reading the Story of Majnun Layla Through Qassim Haddad's Poem
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 22, Issue 6, Ver. 8 (June. 2017) PP 57-67 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Reading the Story of Majnun Layla through Qassim Haddad’s Poem Dzia Fauziah, Maman Lesmana Arabic Studies Program, Faculty of Humanities Universitas Indonesia Abstract: Majnun Layla is a popular classic story in the Middle East. It is said that this story inspired Shakespeare to write the story of Romeo and Juliet in Europe. The story spread to several cultures in the world and was rewritten in poetry, romance, drama and film genres. This paper aims to examine the story from the genre of modern poetry written by Qassim Haddad, a Bahrain poet. This research uses library data, both print and electronic, as research corpus and reference. The method used in this paper is the qualitative method, which prioritises words rather than numbers and emphasises quality over quantity. The data is presented in the form of analytical descriptive, starting from the description of its structure, until the analysis of its contents. In the analysis, semiotic structuralism is also used, which emphasises the text and its intrinsic elements. From the results of this study, it is found that there are not many images of the MajnunLayla’s love story revealed in the poem because of it is a monologue form and not a narrative, and there are many phrases that are less understandable because the poem is rich in figurative words and unclear connotations. This paper recommends the story to be inspired well, it should be written in the form of a diaphanous and easily digestible poem, rather than prismatic andcomplicated.It is expected to be written in the form of a free and prosaic poem, with simple typography and does not necessarily use too many enjambments. -
Parsi-Times.Com Vol
Complimentary Copy Not For Sale RNI NO. MAHBIL06369/13/1/2011-TC :: WWW.PARSI-TIMES.COM VOL. 1 - ISSUE 26 :: PAGES 24 :: ` 2 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 2011 Parsi Times shares with you an enlightened week gone by and bright future prospects. Inside >>> All the way from Iran Pg. 9 P.T. Relevance Pg. 10 Master Chef Bawa Pg. 12 Diwali safety Pg. 13 ZĞŐĚ͘KĸĐĞ͗s͘d͘DĂŶƐŝŽŶ͕ϭϰϰ͕WĞƌŝŶEĂƌŝŵĂŶ^ƚƌĞĞƚ͕&Žƌƚ͕DƵŵďĂŝϰϬϬϬϬϭ͘ dĞů͗͘ϮϮϲϵϵϯϵϵ͕ϮϮϲϱϳϱϵϵͻ&Ădž͗ϮϮϲϵϭϰϵϮ ͲŵĂŝů͗njŵďŚŝůůĂΛŐŵĂŝů͘ĐŽŵͻtĞďƐŝƚĞ͗ǁǁǁ͘ŚŝůůĂďƵŝůĚĞƌƐ͘ĐŽŵ ƌĂŶĐŚKĸĐĞ͗,ŝůůĂdŽǁĞƌƐ͕D͘:͘tĂĚŝĂ&ŝƌĞdĞŵƉůĞŽŵƉůĞdž͕ƌ͘^͘^͘ZĂŽZŽĂĚ͕>ĂůďĂƵŐ͕ WĂƌĞů͕DƵŵďĂŝϰϬϬϬϭϮ͘dĞů͘EŽ͘Ϯϰϳϭϱϰϴϭ SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 2011 02 Editorial FROM THE EDITOR’S DESK Dear Readers, Diwali is coming! For all you enthusiastic fatakra busting youngsters… Parsi Times has a list of places where you can get some good quality crackers and lessen the damage to the environment. If you are going to burst crackers, it might be worth your while to go knocking on your colony doors and give the older aunties and uncles some bribe worthy mithai and cotton balls! If you are not, you can always enjoy the season SDLQWLQJGL\DVPDNLQJVZHHWVDQGVKDULQJVWRULHVLQWKHOLJKWRIWKHÁDPH%HWWHU\HWVSHQGWKHGD\UHÁHFWLQJRQKRZ*RRGRYHUFRPHV(YLO in the larger scheme of things, the essence of the festival and the belief within our religion. 7KHSDVWZHHNKDVEURXJKWLQVRPHORYHO\JXHVWVDWWKH3DUVL7LPHVRIÀFH2QHRIWKHPZDVD'DVWXUMLIURP,UDQ+LVVZHHWZRUGVDUHVKDUHG in our pages. I must thank a lovely lady Mrs. Meher Sutaria, for taking the time out to write to us. She writes about her 11 year old granddaughter reading the Parsi Times. Knowing that we at Parsi Times can engage the hearts and the keen interest of young promising community members like Mrs. Sutaria’s granddaughter, is the best gift this Diwali could bring. -
My Mazdayasni Zarathushtri Religion
My Mazdayasni Zarathushtri Religion Friends, This essay was written by a 15 years old student as a class assignment. The teacher had asked all her students to write about their individual religion. Full credit goes to the parents of the child who right from such an impressionable age inculculate faith and teach them to be faithful towards its own religion in which one is born. You may photocopy this essay and circulate it among all Zarathushtris. Firdosh K Sukhia My MAZDAYASNI ZARATHUSHTRI RELIGION By Farishte Parekh My Mazdayasni Zarathushtri religion was established thousands of years ago, may be over 15,000 years in recent history. From time immemorial certain highly evolved souls took incarnation on this planet earth. They were known as ‘MAGHAVS’ who laid down divine laws which were attributable to God and proclaimed them as ‘MAZDAYASNI DAEN’. The creator of the universe was termed: ‘MAZDA’. ‘YASNA’ means: Attuned to. And ‘DAEN’ is the word for Divine Laws (Religion). Thus the full connotation of the word ‘MAZDAYASNI’ is: Attuned to the Creator (Mazda). On studying the ancient history of Persia we learn that Maghavs were in existence even before the lost continent of Atlantis. Two of the three islands in which the continent of Atlantis was fragmented due to the shifting of earth’s north- south poles were called ‘ARYANA’ and ‘POSEIDION’. The Aryan and Poseidon civilizations were very advanced. Maghavs who inhabited these islands have preserved the occult knowledge of the Mazdayasni Daen for posterity which is, of course, esoteric. King Jamsheed, Shah Fareidoon of the PESHDADIAN dynasty; the immortal Kai Khshroo, Kai Lohrasp, Kai Vishtasp, Kai Kobad, Kai Kaus and all monarchs of the KAYANIAN dynasty belonged to the Maghav groups. -
Newsletter Spring 2007 Final.Indd
CENTER FOR IRANIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol. 19, No. 1 SIPA-Columbia University-New York Spring 2007 ENCYCLOPÆDIA IRANICA GALA BENEFIT FASCICLE 1 OF VOLUME XIV PUBLISHED DINNER EW ORK ITY Fascicle 1 of Volume XIV features ISLAMIC History; v. LOCAL HISTORIOG- N Y C the remaining sections of the entry RAPHY; vi. MEDIEVAL PERIOD; vii. THE MAY 5, 2007 ISFAHAN, a series of 22 articles that SAFAVID PERIOD; VIII. THE QAJAR began in Fascicle 6 of Volume XIII. PERIOD; ix. THE PAHLAVI PERIOD The city of Isfahan has served as one AND POST-REVOLUTION ERA; x. of the most important urban centers MONUMENTS; xi. ISFAHAN SCHOOL on the Iranian plateau since ancient OF PAINTING AND CALLIGRAPHY; xii. times and has gained, over centuries BAZAAR, PLAN AND FUNCTION; xiii. of urbanization, many significant monu- CRAFTS; xiv. MODERN ECONOMY AND IN- ments. Isfahan is home to a number of DUSTRIES; xv. EDUCATION AND CULTURAL monuments that have been designated AFFAIRS; xvi. ISFAHAN IN THE MIRROR OF by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. It FOLKLORE AND LEGEND; xvii. ARMENIAN is Persiaʼs third largest city, after Tehran COMMUNITY (referred to JULFA); xviii. and Mashad, with a population of over JEWISH COMMUNITY; xix. JEWISH DIA- 1.4 million in 2004. LECTS; xx. GEOGRAPHY OF THE MEDIAN The series explores the following DIALECTS; xxi. PROVINCIAL DIALECTS; Dr. Maryam Safai topics: i. GEOGRAPHY; ii. HISTORICAL XXII. GAZI DIALECT. GEOGRAPHY; iii. POPULATION; iv. PRE- Continued on page 2 The Gala Benefit Dinner for the Encyclopædia Iranica will be held in the Rotunda of Columbia University MAJOR DONORS TO THE on May 5, 2007 from 6:30 PM to 1:30 AM. -
FEZANA Journal Do Not Necessarily Reflect the Feroza Fitch of Views of FEZANA Or Members of This Publication's Editorial Board
FEZANA FEZANA JOURNAL ZEMESTAN 1379 AY 3748 ZRE VOL. 24, NO. 4 WINTER/DECEMBER 2010 G WINTER/DECEMBER 2010 JOURJO N AL Dae – Behman – Spendarmad 1379 AY (Fasli) G Amordad – Shehrever – Meher 1380 AY (Shenshai) G Shehrever – Meher – Avan 1380 AY (Kadimi) CELEBRATING 1000 YEARS Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh: The Soul of Iran HAPPY NEW YEAR 2011 Also Inside: Earliest surviving manuscripts Sorabji Pochkhanawala: India’s greatest banker Obama questioned by Zoroastrian students U.S. Presidential Executive Mission PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Vol 24 No 4 Winter / December 2010 Zemestan 1379 AY 3748 ZRE President Bomi V Patel www.fezana.org Editor in Chief: Dolly Dastoor 2 Editorial [email protected] Technical Assistant: Coomi Gazdar Dolly Dastoor Assistant to Editor: Dinyar Patel Consultant Editor: Lylah M. Alphonse, [email protected] 6 Financial Report Graphic & Layout: Shahrokh Khanizadeh, www.khanizadeh.info Cover design: Feroza Fitch, 8 FEZANA UPDATE-World Youth Congress [email protected] Publications Chair: Behram Pastakia Columnists: Hoshang Shroff: [email protected] Shazneen Rabadi Gandhi : [email protected] 12 SHAHNAMEH-the Soul of Iran Yezdi Godiwalla: [email protected] Behram Panthaki::[email protected] Behram Pastakia: [email protected] Mahrukh Motafram: [email protected] 50 IN THE NEWS Copy editors: R Mehta, V Canteenwalla Subscription Managers: Arnavaz Sethna: [email protected]; -
Summer/June 2014
AMORDAD – SHEHREVER- MEHER 1383 AY (SHENSHAI) FEZANA JOURNAL FEZANA TABESTAN 1383 AY 3752 Z VOL. 28, No 2 SUMMER/JUNE 2014 ● SUMMER/JUNE 2014 Tir–Amordad–ShehreverJOUR 1383 AY (Fasli) • Behman–Spendarmad 1383 AY Fravardin 1384 (Shenshai) •N Spendarmad 1383 AY Fravardin–ArdibeheshtAL 1384 AY (Kadimi) Zoroastrians of Central Asia PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Copyright ©2014 Federation of Zoroastrian Associations of North America • • With 'Best Compfiments from rrhe Incorporated fJTustees of the Zoroastrian Charity :Funds of :J{ongl(pnffi Canton & Macao • • PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Vol 28 No 2 June / Summer 2014, Tabestan 1383 AY 3752 Z 92 Zoroastrianism and 90 The Death of Iranian Religions in Yazdegerd III at Merv Ancient Armenia 15 Was Central Asia the Ancient Home of 74 Letters from Sogdian the Aryan Nation & Zoroastrians at the Zoroastrian Religion ? Eastern Crosssroads 02 Editorials 42 Some Reflections on Furniture Of Sogdians And Zoroastrianism in Sogdiana Other Central Asians In 11 FEZANA AGM 2014 - Seattle and Bactria China 13 Zoroastrians of Central 49 Understanding Central 78 Kazakhstan Interfaith Asia Genesis of This Issue Asian Zoroastrianism Activities: Zoroastrian Through Sogdian Art Forms 22 Evidence from Archeology Participation and Art 55 Iranian Themes in the 80 Balkh: The Holy Land Afrasyab Paintings in the 31 Parthian Zoroastrians at Hall of Ambassadors 87 Is There A Zoroastrian Nisa Revival In Present Day 61 The Zoroastrain Bone Tajikistan? 34 "Zoroastrian Traces" In Boxes of Chorasmia and Two Ancient Sites In Sogdiana 98 Treasures of the Silk Road Bactria And Sogdiana: Takhti Sangin And Sarazm 66 Zoroastrian Funerary 102 Personal Profile Beliefs And Practices As Shown On The Tomb 104 Books and Arts Editor in Chief: Dolly Dastoor, editor(@)fezana.org AMORDAD SHEHREVER MEHER 1383 AY (SHENSHAI) FEZANA JOURNAL FEZANA Technical Assistant: Coomi Gazdar TABESTAN 1383 AY 3752 Z VOL. -
The Shahnamah the Shahnamah,"The Book of Kings," Is
The Shahnamah The Shahnamah,"the Book of Kings," is the Iranian national epic outlining the four mythical/historical eras of pre-Islamic Iran: the Pishdadian, Kayanian, Ashkanians, and Sassanians. Many of the episodes of the Shahnamah have existed for thousands of years within the Iranian world's oral tradition, but it was first written by the poet Abu al-Qasim Firdowsi in the late tenth century in present-day Central Asia. The hymns of the Avesta (Yasts), for example, make reference to several the figures in the Shahnamah. Many early Arab and Persian historians make reference to books dealing with the stories of various Iranian heros and kings, and we also know of a prose text in Pahlavi called the Book of Kings (Xwaday-namag). Writing in the first half of the 10th cent., Hamza Isfahani notes that there were more than 10,000 folios written in "Persian script" narrating historical, heroic, and romantic traditions. There also exists a fragment of the Rustam cycle in Sogdian, though it is in poor condition, and these stories were likely extent in other Iranian languages. Ferdowsi's sources include "an old book," most likely the "Persian scripts" referred to above, as well as the works of his contemporaries and oral informants. The first to undertake the versification of this chronicle of pre-Islamic and legendary Persia was Daqiqi, a poet at the court of the Samanids. Daqiqi passed away having completed only 1000 verses (his verses deal with the rise of the prophet Zoroaster and the reign of King Goshtasp). Ferdowsi incorporated Daqiqi's lines into his poem with an acknowledgement.