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Gaelic Scotland in the Colonial Imagination
Gaelic Scotland in the Colonial Imagination Gaelic Scotland in the Colonial Imagination Anglophone Writing from 1600 to 1900 Silke Stroh northwestern university press evanston, illinois Northwestern University Press www .nupress.northwestern .edu Copyright © 2017 by Northwestern University Press. Published 2017. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data are available from the Library of Congress. Except where otherwise noted, this book is licensed under a Creative Commons At- tribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. In all cases attribution should include the following information: Stroh, Silke. Gaelic Scotland in the Colonial Imagination: Anglophone Writing from 1600 to 1900. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 2017. For permissions beyond the scope of this license, visit www.nupress.northwestern.edu An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high-quality books open access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the open-access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org Contents Acknowledgments vii Introduction 3 Chapter 1 The Modern Nation- State and Its Others: Civilizing Missions at Home and Abroad, ca. 1600 to 1800 33 Chapter 2 Anglophone Literature of Civilization and the Hybridized Gaelic Subject: Martin Martin’s Travel Writings 77 Chapter 3 The Reemergence of the Primitive Other? Noble Savagery and the Romantic Age 113 Chapter 4 From Flirtations with Romantic Otherness to a More Integrated National Synthesis: “Gentleman Savages” in Walter Scott’s Novel Waverley 141 Chapter 5 Of Celts and Teutons: Racial Biology and Anti- Gaelic Discourse, ca. -
Etymology of the Principal Gaelic National Names
^^t^Jf/-^ '^^ OUTLINES GAELIC ETYMOLOGY BY THE LATE ALEXANDER MACBAIN, M.A., LL.D. ENEAS MACKAY, Stirwng f ETYMOLOGY OF THK PRINCIPAL GAELIC NATIONAL NAMES PERSONAL NAMES AND SURNAMES |'( I WHICH IS ADDED A DISQUISITION ON PTOLEMY'S GEOGRAPHY OF SCOTLAND B V THE LATE ALEXANDER MACBAIN, M.A., LL.D. ENEAS MACKAY, STIRLING 1911 PRINTKD AT THE " NORTHERN OHRONIOLB " OFFICE, INYBRNESS PREFACE The following Etymology of the Principal Gaelic ISTational Names, Personal Names, and Surnames was originally, and still is, part of the Gaelic EtymologicaJ Dictionary by the late Dr MacBain. The Disquisition on Ptolemy's Geography of Scotland first appeared in the Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness, and, later, as a pamphlet. The Publisher feels sure that the issue of these Treatises in their present foim will confer a boon on those who cannot have access to them as originally published. They contain a great deal of information on subjects which have for long years interested Gaelic students and the Gaelic public, although they have not always properly understood them. Indeed, hereto- fore they have been much obscured by fanciful fallacies, which Dr MacBain's study and exposition will go a long way to dispel. ETYMOLOGY OF THE PRINCIPAI, GAELIC NATIONAL NAMES PERSONAL NAMES AND SURNAMES ; NATIONAL NAMES Albion, Great Britain in the Greek writers, Gr. "AXfSiov, AX^iotv, Ptolemy's AXovlwv, Lat. Albion (Pliny), G. Alba, g. Albainn, * Scotland, Ir., E. Ir. Alba, Alban, W. Alban : Albion- (Stokes), " " white-land ; Lat. albus, white ; Gr. dA</)os, white leprosy, white (Hes.) ; 0. H. G. albiz, swan. -
Whyte, Alasdair C. (2017) Settlement-Names and Society: Analysis of the Medieval Districts of Forsa and Moloros in the Parish of Torosay, Mull
Whyte, Alasdair C. (2017) Settlement-names and society: analysis of the medieval districts of Forsa and Moloros in the parish of Torosay, Mull. PhD thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8224/ Copyright and moral rights for this work are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This work cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Enlighten:Theses http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Settlement-Names and Society: analysis of the medieval districts of Forsa and Moloros in the parish of Torosay, Mull. Alasdair C. Whyte MA MRes Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Celtic and Gaelic | Ceiltis is Gàidhlig School of Humanities | Sgoil nan Daonnachdan College of Arts | Colaiste nan Ealain University of Glasgow | Oilthigh Ghlaschu May 2017 © Alasdair C. Whyte 2017 2 ABSTRACT This is a study of settlement and society in the parish of Torosay on the Inner Hebridean island of Mull, through the earliest known settlement-names of two of its medieval districts: Forsa and Moloros.1 The earliest settlement-names, 35 in total, were coined in two languages: Gaelic and Old Norse (hereafter abbreviated to ON) (see Abbreviations, below). -
Transactions
TRANSACTIONS OF THE GAELIC SOCIETY OF INVERNESS. volum:^ VI. 18 7 6-7. &icui^ TRANSACTIONS OK TUE GAELIC SOCIETY OF INVERNESS. VOLUME VI. 18 7 6-7. Tl^^u '^^i^" ''^W^-J TRANSACTIONS THE GAELIC SOCIETY OF INVERNESS. YEAR 1876-7. Cheile. Clann naix (Saibheal an ©uailUait a' INVERNESS, PRINTED FOR THE GAELIC SOCIETY OF AND PUBLISHING BY THE HIGHLANDER NEWSPAPER AND PRINTING COMPANY (LIMITED), MACKENZIE, JAMES MELVEN, AND AND SOLD BY JOHN NOBLE, JAMES H. WILLIAM MACKAY, BOOKSELLERS, INVERNESS ; AND MACLACHLAN & ^^^WART, EDINBURGH. 187 8. PRINTED AT "THE HIGHLANDER" OFFICE, INVERNESS. — CONTENTS, PAGE Office-bearers for 1877 . vii. Constitution ...... viii. Introduction ...... xiii. Pifth Annual Assembly . .1 Reasons why Gaelic should be Taught in Highland Schools H. C. Gillies . .23 Annual Dinner of the Society—Annual Report—Speeches by Professor Blackie, Wm. Mackay, solicitor, Rev. '^X- Alex. Macgregor, M. A., Sir Kenneth Mackenzie, Bart., Wm. Jolly, M.A., H. M. Inspector of Schools, Charles Stewart of Brin, John Macdonald, Charles __>- Innes, solicitor, Colin Chisholm, H. C. Macandrew, i John Murdoch, Rev. Mr Maclachlan, itc. .27 The Authenticity of Ossian—Rev. Dr Hately Waddell . 63 Remains of Ancient Religion in the North—R. G. Tolmie 88 The Collecting of Highland Legends and the Necessity for Collecting them now—Rev. Mr Watson, Kiltearn 102 The Cosmos of the Ancient Gaels in its relation to their Ethics—Donald Ross, M.A., H. M. Inspector of Schools 120 Gaelic Competition at Drumnadx'ochit . .149 Early History of the Glen and Castle of Urquhart—Wm. Mackay, solicitor . .152 The Clearance of the Highland Glens—Colin Chisholm . -
The Isle of Lewis & Harris (Chaps. VII & VIII)
THE ISLE OF LEWIS AND HARRIS CHAPTER I A STUDY IN ENVIRONMENT AND LANDSCAPE BRITISH COMMUNITY (A) THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: THE BRITISH ISLES, SCOTLAND AND THE by HIGHLANDS AND ISLES ARTHUR GEDDES i. A 'Heart' of the 'North and West' of Britain The Isle of Lewis and Harris (1955) by Arthur Geddes, the son N the ' Outer' Hebrides, commonly regarded as the of the great planner and pioneering human ecologist Patrick Geddes, is long out of print from EUP and hard to procure. most ' outlying ' inhabited lands of the British Isles, Chapters VII and VIII on the spiritual and religious life of the I are revealed not only the most ancient of British rocks, community remain of very great importance, and this PDF of the Archaean, but probably the oldest form of communal them has been produced for my students' use and not for any life in Britain. This life, in present and past, will interest commercial purpose. Also, below is Geddes' remarkable map of the Hebrides from p. 3, and at the back the contents pages. Alastair Mclntosh, Honorary Fellow, University of Edinburgh. EDINBURGH AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS *955 FIG. I.—Global view of the ' Outer' Hebrides, seen as the heart of the ' North and West' of Britain. 3 CH. VII SPIRITUAL LIFE OF COMMUNITY xviii. 19-20). The worldly wise might think that the spiritual fare of these poor folk must have been lean indeed ; while others, having heard much of the Highlanders' ' pagan ' superstitions, may think even worse ! The evi CHAPTER VII dence from which to judge is found in survivals from a rich lore, and for most readers seen but ' darkly' through THE SPIRITUAL LIFE OF THE prose translations from the poetry of a tongue now known COMMUNITY to few. -
Languages in the Post-Primary Curriculum: a Discussion Paper
Languages in the post-primary curriculum: a discussion paper David Little Centre for Language and Communication Studies Trinity College Dublin Contents Summary 3 1 Introduction 4 2 The current curriculum 6 2.1 Do we have a language curriculum or language curricula? 6 2.2 English 7 2.3 Irish 9 2.4 French, German, Spanish and Italian 10 2.5 Other languages 12 2.6 Issues for discussion 13 3 The language situation in Ireland 15 3.1 Irish 15 3.2 Irish Sign Language 15 3.3 Irish Traveller Cant 17 3.4 “New” languages 17 3.5 Issues for discussion 18 4 The challenge of internationalisation 20 4.1 The international role of English 20 4.2 Ireland’s membership of Europe 20 4.3 Issues for discussion 22 5 The Common European Framework and the European Language Portfolio 23 5.1 Functions, notions, and the communicative approach 23 5.2 The Common European Framework 24 5.3 The European Language Portfolio 26 5.4 Further developments 27 5.5 Issues for discussion 28 6 Trends in language teaching 30 6.1 The “communicative revolution” 30 6.2 The central role of target language use 31 6.3 Learner autonomy and motivation 32 6.4 Immersion programmes 34 6.5 Media and information technologies 34 6.6 Issues for discussion 35 7 Conclusion 36 7.1 Criticisms 36 7.2 Questions 37 7.3 Challenges 38 Appendix 1: The Common Reference Levels – global scale 39 Appendix 2: The Common Reference Levels – self-assessment grid 40 Appendix 3: Complete list of validated European Language Portfolios, validated as of March 2003 41 Appendix 4: Validated European Language Portfolios developed in Ireland 42 2 Summary This discussion paper begins by reviewing the current provision for languages in the post- primary curriculum: English, Irish and foreign languages. -
Minority Language Rights: the Irish Language and Ulster Scots
MINORITY LANGUAGE RIGHTS The Irish language and Ulster Scots Briefing paper on the implications of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages, European Convention on Human Rights and other instruments June 2010 © Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission Temple Court, 39 North Street Belfast BT1 1NA Tel: (028) 9024 3987 Fax: (028) 9024 7844 Textphone: (028) 90249066 SMS Text: 07786 202075 Email: [email protected] Website: www.nihrc.org 1 2 CONTENTS page Introduction 5 1. Development of minority language rights in international human rights law 6 1.1 The European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages 7 1.2 Indigenous languages and the Charter, and obligations relating to ‘non-indigenous’ languages 8 1.3 The Irish language and Ulster Scots 10 2. Duties framework for public authorities 12 2.1 Duties in relation to the Irish language under Part III of the Charter 12 2.2 Policy Objectives and Principles for Irish and Ulster Scots under Part II of the Charter 13 2.3 The Belfast (Good Friday) and St Andrews Agreements 14 2.4 Minority language rights in UN and other Council of Europe instruments, including the European Convention on Human Rights 15 2.5 Duties and the policy development process 17 3. Non-discrimination on grounds of language 18 3.1 Human rights law obligations 18 3.2 Discrimination against English speakers? 19 3.3 Differential treatment of Irish and Ulster Scots 20 3.4 Banning or restricting minority languages 21 4. Positive action: promotion through corporate identity 25 4.1 Promotion of minority languages and the rights of others 25 4.2 Freedom of expression and ‘sensitivities’ 26 Appendix 1: The Charter, Article 10 29 Appendix 2: The Charter, Part II, Article 7 30 3 4 INTRODUCTION The Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (the Commission) is a statutory body created by the Northern Ireland Act 1998. -
Etymology of the Principal Gaelic National Names Personal Names
PR E F AC E. The following Outlines of Gaelic Etymology originally formed of was bound fir t G , , s part and up with the edition of the aelic , b E MacBain . tymological Dictionary by the late Dr The pu lisher, now thinking that there are students of the Language who might “ w a haLnd orm ish to have the Outlines in separate and y f , is here publishing them . S words b The upplement, the and letters in square rackets, and a few slight changes from the original are the work of the G u . H Rev Dr eorge enderson, Lect rer in Celtic Languages and r U G as ow wh o u d Literatu e in the niversity of l g , fo n it necessary to abandon his intention of seeing the Gaelic Etymological Dictionary through the press, after reaching the sixteenth page ” of these Outlines . OUTL INES OF GAEL IC ETYM OL OGY. G I t c AEL C belongs to the Celtic group of languages, and the Cel i is itself a branch of the Indo-Euro eam r A c 5 p vg ryan family of spee h for it has been found that the languages of Europe (with the e c H s and U o- x eption of Turkish, ungarian, Ba que, gr Finnish), and 1 t A c hose of sia from the Cau asus to Ceylon, resemble each other i n grammar and vocabulary to such an extent that they mus t all b e e consider d as descended from one parent or original tongue . -
Macdonald Bards from Mediaeval Times
O^ ^^l /^^ : MACDONALD BARDS MEDIEVAL TIMES. KEITH NORMAN MACDONALD, M.D. {REPRINTED FROM THE "OBAN TIMES."] EDINBURGH NORMAN MACLEOD, 25 GEORGE IV. BRIDGE. 1900. PRBPACB. \y^HILE my Papers on the " MacDonald Bards" were appearing in the "Oban Times," numerous correspondents expressed a wish to the author that they would be some day presented to the pubUc in book form. Feeling certain that many outside the great Clan Donald may take an interest in these biographical sketches, they are now collected and placed in a permanent form, suitable for reference ; and, brief as they are, they may be found of some service, containing as they do information not easily procurable elsewhere, especially to those who take a warm interest in the language and literature of the Highlands of Scotland. K. N. MACDONALD. 21 Clarendon Crescknt, EDINBURGH, October 2Uh, 1900. INDEX. Page. Alexander MacDonald, Bohuntin, ^ ... .. ... 13 Alexander MacAonghuis (son of Angus), ... ... ... 17 Alexander MacMhaighstir Alasdair, ... ... ... ... 25 Alexander MacDonald, Nova Scotia, ... .. .. ... 69 Alexander MacDonald, Ridge, Nova Scotia, ... ... .. 99 Alasdair Buidhe MacDonald, ... .. ... ... ... 102 Alice MacDonald (MacDonell), ... ... .. ... ... 82 Alister MacDonald, Inverness, ... ... .. ... ... 73 Alexander MacDonald, An Dall Mòr, ... ... ... .. 43 Allan MacDonald, Lochaber, ... ... ... ... .. 55 Allan MacDonald, Ridge, Nova Scotia, ... .... ... ... 101 Am Bard Mucanach (Tlie Muck Bard), ... ... .. ... 20 Am Bard CONANACH (The Strathconan Bard), .. ... ... 48 An Aigeannach, -
Beard2016.Pdf
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. ROB DONN MACKAY: FINDING THE MUSIC IN THE SONGS Ellen L. Beard Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Edinburgh 2015 ABSTRACT AND LAY SUMMARY This thesis explores the musical world and the song compositions of eighteenth-century Sutherland Gaelic bard Rob Donn MacKay (1714-1778). The principal focus is musical rather than literary, aimed at developing an analytical model to reconstruct how a non-literate Gaelic song-maker chose and composed the music for his songs. In that regard, the thesis breaks new ground in at least two ways: as the first full-length study of the musical work of Rob Donn, and as the first full-length musical study of any eighteenth-century Scottish Gaelic poet. Among other things, it demonstrates that a critical assessment of Rob Donn merely as a “poet” seriously underestimates his achievement in combining words and music to create a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts. -
Identity in Gaelic Drama 1900-1949 Susan Ross University of Glasgow
Identity in Gaelic Drama 1900-1949 Susan Ross University of Glasgow Michelle Macleod and Moray Watson have described drama and prose fiction as being ‘in the shadow of the bard’ in terms of their place in the canon of Gaelic literature. (2007) Analysis and review of the extant drama materials show, however, that the Gaelic playwright Tormod Calum Dòmhnallach (Norman Malcolm MacDonald), 1 was right in saying in 1986 that ‘Gaelic theatre […] has been in existence for longer than many of us suspect’. (MacDonald 1986: 147) It is believed that the first Gaelic play (fully in Gaelic, rather than bilingual English with Gaelic) was performed by the Edinburgh University Celtic Society in 1902 although it is no longer known which play or sketch was performed. (Macleod and Watson 2007: 280) In the first decade of the twentieth century, Còisir Chiùil Lunnainn (London Musical Choir) also performed plays at their annual concert in London.2 This article looks at the first half of the twentieth century, when stage drama in Gaelic was being created, to investigate how Gaelic playwrights represented Scottish Gaels and their culture in this new art form. In terms of their artistic merit, Gaelic plays between 1900 and the Second World War are not generally held in high esteem, having previously been described as ‘outstanding neither as to quantity or quality’. (MacLeod 1969: 146) Despite this, there is value in what they reveal about identity and attitudes of the writers, many of whom were prominent figures in the Gaelic movement. An overview of some of the principal themes and tropes of the drama of this period will be presented, considering in particular how the writers negotiate what it meant to be a Gael in the early twentieth century. -
The Nicolsons”, Published in West Highland Notes & Queries, Ser
“1467 MS: The Nicolsons”, published in West Highland Notes & Queries, ser. 4, no. 7 (July. 2018), pp. 3–18 1467 MS: The Nicolsons The Nicolsons have been described as ‘the leading family in the Outer Hebrides towards the end of the Norse period’, but any consideration of their history must also take account of the MacLeods.1 The MacLeods do not appear on record until 1343, when David II granted two thirds of Glenelg to Malcolm son of Tormod MacLeod of Dunvegan, and some lands in Assynt to Torquil MacLeod of Lewis;2 nor do they appear in the 1467 MS, which the late John Bannerman described as ‘genealogies of the important clan chiefs who recognised the authority of the Lords of the Isles c. 1400’.3 According to Bannerman’s yardstick, either the MacLeods had failed to recognise the authority of the lords of the Isles by 1400, or they were simply not yet important enough to be included. History shows that they took the place of the Nicolsons, who are not only included in the manuscript, but given generous space in the fourth column (NLS Adv. ms 72.1.1, f. 1rd27–33) between the Mathesons and Gillanderses, both of whom are given much less. It seems that the process of change was far from over by 1400. The circumstances were these. From c. 900 to 1266 Skye and Lewis belonged to the Norse kingdom of Man and the Isles. During the last century of this 366- year period, from c. 1156, the Norse-Gaelic warrior Somerled and his descendants held the central part of the kingdom, including Bute, Kintyre, Islay, Mull and all the islands as far north as Uist, Barra, Rum, Eigg, Muck and Canna.