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ICES Marine Science Symposia ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199: 189-199. 1995 Distribution and abundance of molluscs and decapod crustaceans in trawl samples from the Galician Shelf (NW Spain) A. C. Farina and F. J. Pereiro Farina, A. C., and Pereiro, F. J. 1995. Distribution and abundance of molluscs and decapod crustaceans in trawl samples from the Galician Shelf (NW Spain). - ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199: 189-199. This study presents the community composition and structure of molluscs and decapod crustaceans from trawl samples taken on the Galician Shelf in Northwest Spain. Spatial and temporal distribution, as well as the biomass and density of the main species, are presented in relation to depth and substrate type. A. C. Farina: Instituto Espanol Oceanografia, Apdo 130, 15080 La Coruna, Spain. F. J. Pereiro: Instituto Espanol Oceanografia, Apdo 1552, 36280 Vigo, Spain [tel: (+34) 98120 53 62, fax: (+34) 981 229077], Introduction with recruitment to the area (in the autumn) and the spawning season of the majority of the demersal and Two main groups of invertebrates (crustaceans and mol­ benthic species (in the spring). A stratified sampling luscs) are caught when trawling for fish on the Galician design was used and selection of the trawls was random. Shelf, which lies off northwestern Spain, reaching a The area is divided into three geographic sectors (Mino depth of 500 m 30 km from the coast along its southern to Finisterre, Finisterre to Estaca, and Estaca to Riba- part and broadening to 65 km from the coast in the deo), and each sector is divided into two strata by depth northern part. (>200 m and <200 m). Hauls were 30 min in duration Primary production is high on the Galician Shelf due and were done during daylight hours. The sampler was a to seasonal upwelling of the North Atlantic Central “baca” trawl, widely used by the Spanish fishing fleet Water on the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula and designed to capture demersal and benthic species (Fraga et al., 1982). Because of the high primary pro­ which live very close to the bottom. The gear had a ductivity, the area is a favourable habitat for benthic netting of 20 mm mesh size covering the inside of the fauna. With the exception of the southern zone, the codend. The specimens taken in each haul were identi­ bottom is rocky only to a depth of 100 m and can be fied, counted, and weighed. Sediments were collected accessed by trawls between depths of 100 and 500 m. using a cylindrical sampler attached to the footrope of There are important pelagic and demersal fisheries on the gear as described by Fernandez and Farina (1984). the shelf and various types of gear are used. Most fishing Cruises conducted between the autumn of 1985 and is done with trawls, although gillnets, longline, and the spring of 1987 were selected for this study since they other minor types of gear are also used. Catches are comprised a continuous cycle of two annual surveys; in composed mainly of hake (55001 landed annually), blue other years it was not always possible to sample during whiting, Norway lobster, angler fish, megrim, and more the spawning season. The hauls (109 in the spring and than 20 other commercially important species (Farina et 108 in the autumn) are shown in Figure 1. The taxono­ al., 1989). Living with or directly related to these species mic nomenclature follows the literature of Gonzalez are diverse groups of macrobenthic invertebrates. This Gurriarân and Méndez (1985), Fischer et al. (1987) and article describes the distributions of their populations in Olaso (1990). this area. Results Materials and methods Faunal composition Since 1980 the Galician Shelf has been monitored by A total of 54 species of invertebrates (27 species of trawl surveys conducted with the RV “Cornide de Saa­ decapods, 13 species of gastropods and 14 species of vedra” . Surveys are conducted twice a year to coincide cephalopods) were captured on the cruises (Table 1). 190 A . C. Farina and F. J. Pereiro ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199(1995) 5 0 0 m Estaca Ribadeo. LA CORUNA Finisterre VIGO >Mino • Surveys “ NW 86” Y “ NW 87’1 (Spring) A ” “CARIOCA 85” Y "CARIOCA 86^ (Autumn) Figure 1. The location of hauls in the geographic sectors of the Galician Shelf during surveys conducted in the spring and autumn between 1985 and 1987. i c e s mar. Sei. Symp.. 199 (1995) Molluscs and decapod crustaceans on the Galician Shelf 191 Table 1. Index of species of crustaceans and molluscs caught on the Galician Shelf during the surveys. MOLLUSCA CRUSTACEA Gastropoda Decapoda Prosobranchia Dendrobranchiata Archaeogastropoda Solenocera membranacea (Risso, 1816) Calliostoma granulatum (Born, 1778) Pleocymata Mesogastropoda Caridea Aporrhais pespelicani (Linnaeus, 1758) Alpheus glaber (Olivi, 1792) Aporrhais serresianus (Michaud, 1828) Pontophilus spinosus (Leach, 1815) Lunatia fusca (Blainville, 1825) Chlorotocus crassicornis (Costa, 1871) Cassidaria tyrrhena (Chemnitz, 1789) Dichelopandalus bonnieri (Caullery, 1896) Semicassis saburon (Bruguière, 1789) Plesionika heterocarpus (Costa, 1871) Argobuccinum olearium (Linnaeus, 1758) Pasiphaea sivado (Risso, 1816) Charonia rubicunda (Perry, 1811) Processa canaliculata Leach, 1815 Neogastropoda Astacidea Coralliophila alaucoides (Blainville, 1829) Nephrops norvegicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Colus gracilis (Da Costa, 1778) Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, 1758) Neptunea contraria (Linnaeus, 1758) Palinura Buccinum humphreysianum Bennet, 1825 Polycheles typhlops (Heller, 1862) Opisthobranchia Anomura Scaphander lignarius (Linnaeus, 1758) Anapagurus leavis (Bell, 1846) Cephalopoda Pagurus bernhardus (Linnaeus, 1758) Decapoda Pagurusprideauxi Leach, 1815 Sepia orbignyana Ferusac, 1826 Pagurus variabilis (A. M. Edwards-Bouvier, 1892) Sepia elegans Blainville, 1827 Munida intermedia (A. M. Edwards-Bouvier, 1892) Rossia macrosoma (Delle Chiaje, 1829) Munida sarsi Brinkman, 1936 Sepiola rondeleti Steenstrup, 1856 Brachyura Sepietta oweniana (Orbigny, 1839) Paromola cuvieri (Risso, 1816) Loligo forbesi Steenstrup, 1856 Macropodia lenuirostris (Leach, 1814) Loligo vulgaris Lamarck. 1798 Atelecyclus rotundatus (Olivi, 1792) Alloleuthis subulata (Lamarck, 1798) Goneplax rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1758) Alloteuthis media (Linnaeus, 1758) Liocarcinus depurator (Linnaeus, 1758) lllex coindetti (Verany, 1839) Macropipus tuberculatus (Roux, 1830) Todaropsis eblanae (Ball, 1841) Polybius henslowii Leach, 1820 Todarodes sagittatus (Lamarck, 1798) Bathynectes maravigna (Prestrandea, 1839) Octopoda Cancer bellianus Johnson, 1861 Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 Cancer pagurus Linnaeus, 1758 Eledone cirrosa (Lamarck, 1798) Yields sector, followed by Liocarcinus depurator. Between Estaca and Ribadeo, Liocarcinus and Pagurus prideauxi Figure 2 shows the biomass proportions of the yields of dominated the biomass both in the spring and in the the decapods, gastropods, and cephalopods in each of autumn. In the autumn, the biomass of Polybius was the geographic sectors during the two spring and autumn dominant between Mino and Estaca, although it was seasons. mostly restricted to depths less than 200 m. In the spring in the Mino-Finisterre sector, most of the biomass was cephalopods, but the proportion of cephalopods decreased from the south towards the Numerical yields north of the shelf. However, in all samples ///ex coin­ detti, Todaropsis eblanae, and Eledone cirrosa com­ In each of the defined geographic sectors and depth prised more than 80% of the total molluscan biomass. zones, different species were the most abundant. lllex Together with the cephalopods, decapods were im­ coindetti and Alloteuthis sp. were the most abundant in portant in all three sectors in the autumn. The gastro­ the spring samples taken between Mino and Finisterre at pods represented only a small fraction of the biomass, depths of less than 200 m, while at depths greater than although Neptunea contraria was prominent in the 200 m concentrations of Plesionika heterocarpus were as Mino-Finisterre sector at depths of less than 200 m, important as lllex. where its biomass occupied third place after lllex and In the spring between Finisterre and Estaca, lllex Eledone. coindetti, Polybius henslowii, and Liocarcinus depurator The decapod Polybius henslowii was the species with were dominant at less than 200 m, while at greater the highest biomass in the spring in the Mino-Finisterre depths Munida intermedia together with Munida sarsi, 192 A . C. Farina and F. J. Pereiro ICES mar. Sei. Symp., 199 (1995) % biomass Estaca - Ribadeo Decapoda Decapoda 72 Gastropods Gastropods 8.4 12.8 Cephalo Cephalopods 41.6 19.6 Finisterre-Estaca Decapoda Decapoda 76.3 A Gastropods 3.2 Cephalopods 46.2 Mino - Finisterre Decapoda Decapoda 9.2 Gastropods Gastropods Cephalopods 4.8 84.9 5.9 Cephalopods 41 Spring Autumn Figure 2. The percent biomass of the various components of the macrobenthos in the three geographical sectors from surveys conducted during the spring and autumn. i c e s mar. sd. Symp., 199 (1995) Molluscs and decapod crustaceans on the Galician Shelf 1 9 3 m deep in deep 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 300 350 400 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1 0 1 2 3 4 n“/haul n“/haul Chlorotocus crassicornis Dichelopandalus bonnieri m deep m deep 100 100 125 125 150 150 175 175 200 200 225 225 250 250 300 300 350 350 400 400 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 n’ /haul n“/haul Pasiphaea sivado Plesionika heterocarpus Figure 3. Bathymetric distribution of Chlorotocus crassicornis, Dichelopandalus bonnieri, Pasiphaea sivado, and Plesionika heterocarpus ( ■ = Spring, + = Autumn). Liocarcinus depurator, Solenocera
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