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Decapoda, Brachyura

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Decapoda, Brachyura APLICACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS MORFOLÓGICAS Y MOLECULARES EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MEGALOPA de Decápodos Braquiuros de la Península Ibérica bérica I enínsula P raquiuros de la raquiuros B ecápodos D de APLICACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS MORFOLÓGICAS Y MOLECULARES EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MEGALOPA LA DE IDENTIFICACIÓN EN LA Y MOLECULARES MORFOLÓGICAS TÉCNICAS DE APLICACIÓN Herrero - MEGALOPA “big eyes” Leach 1793 Elena Marco Elena Marco-Herrero Programa de Doctorado en Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva Rd. 99/2011 Tesis Doctoral, Valencia 2015 Programa de Doctorado en Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva Rd. 99/2011 APLICACIÓN DE TÉCNICAS MORFOLÓGICAS Y MOLECULARES EN LA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LA MEGALOPA DE DECÁPODOS BRAQUIUROS DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA TESIS DOCTORAL Elena Marco-Herrero Valencia, septiembre 2015 Directores José Antonio Cuesta Mariscal / Ferran Palero Pastor Tutor Álvaro Peña Cantero Als naninets AGRADECIMIENTOS-AGRAÏMENTS Colaboración y ayuda prestada por diferentes instituciones: - Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (actual Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) por la concesión de una Beca de Formación de Personal Investigador FPI (BES-2010- 033297) en el marco del proyecto: Aplicación de técnicas morfológicas y moleculares en la identificación de estados larvarios planctónicos de decápodos braquiuros ibéricos (CGL2009-11225) - Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera del Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN-CSIC) - Club Náutico del Puerto de Santa María - Centro Andaluz de Ciencias y Tecnologías Marinas (CACYTMAR) - Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centros de Mallorca y Cádiz - Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC) de Barcelona - Institut de Recerca i Tecnología Agroalimentàries (IRTA) de Tarragona - Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB) de Girona - Universidad de Málaga - Natural History Museum of London - Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn di Napoli (SZN) - Universitat de Barcelona AGRAÏSC – AGRADEZCO En primer lugar quisiera agradecer a mis directores, el Dr. Jose A. Cuesta y el Dr. Ferran Palero, por darme la oportunidad de desarrollar este trabajo y la posibilidad de conocer el mundo científico. A Jose A. por el apoyo y por creer en mí para hacer esta tesis, además, gracias por transferirme conocimientos, técnicas pero sobretodo la motivación e ilusión por trabajar con las ya famosas “megalopas”. A Ferran por esos tiempos de su tiempo libre, e ingeniando enseñándome en el mundo filogenético, también agradecerle sus conocimientos y sobretodo sus buenos consejos de este mundo de la investigación. Al Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, incluida la gran administración, y en especial a Mª Ángeles y Fran. Al departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, a los más zoólogos, Dr. Pilar Drake, compartiendo experiencias con Afro; a Dr. Alberto Arias, al que admiro por su arte y por ser una leyenda viva, y al recién jubilado Dr. Antonio Rodríguez, el responsable de iniciar la saga de los larvarios y dejar tan gran descendencia; a Mariana, que cuida de todos, a Carlos por su compañía en el despacho, por su trabajo y ayuda; A Dulce e Irene, mucho aprendí de ellas. Y para acabar con el departamento, a la parte oceanógrafos, gracias por incluirme en los desayunos, comidas, cenas,... como una más. Ya no estás aquí, una medusera ecuatoriana, pero gracias por los primeros años de Cádiz juntitas. Agradecida de formar parte del grupo Megalopadn: A Dr. Nacho González-Gordillo, gracias y mil gracias por el kit-kat, y por guiarme en mis inicios de las disecciones e ilustraciones de las larvas. A Dr. Pere Abelló y Dr. Guillermo Guerao, por enseñarme tanto de estas peculiares larvitas y transmitir la emoción de trabajar e investigar bajo lupa. A Dr. Enrique García-Raso y Dr. Enrique Macpherson por tener la posibilidad de aprender de sus conocimientos y brindarme su ayuda. A la Dr Mª Grazia Mazzocchi y la Dr. Marta Pascual, por haberme permitido realizar las estancias del doctorado con ellas y aprender en otros grupos de investigación. Esto me lleva a Napoli, a todos los de Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn que estuvieron ahí para ayudarme y sacarme de paseo!! Davide, Laura, Lucia, Iole, Giaunluca e Ferdinando meraviglioso campionamento!!! Vistas al Vesuvio con pizza en mano, mi piace! Ahí obtuve conocimiento y experiencia en el trabajo, pero una familia Napolitana y un hogar!!! Grazie mille a Piera, Giorgio, Yesil y Yolanda, mi manchi!! Y en Barcelona y el maravilloso curso de filogenia!! Y que buenos compañeros conocí allí, eixos Mallorquins! uno de adopción jajajaj Sergio no cuelas como lugareño de la ISLA. Gracias Sergio por estar ahí, y oír mis estreses, en calidad de... ya sabes de que!!! Tú apunta mi recomendación para cuando te toque a ti pasar este final ;). Ací aprofite com a Mallorquina, per agraïr a Asvin, recent Doctora!!! I companya de congrés i altra friki de les larves. El mundillo de los braquiuros también me llevo a estar en el Natural History Museum, que guaiii!!! Sumergida en la colección de los cangrejos. Y ver ejemplares de siglos atrás, gracias a Paul F. Clark por darme esa oportunidad y permitirme aprende de él, otro apasionado de las larvas de los crangrejos a la inglesa. Gracias a Felipe (canario-inglés) el curator de las plantas de museo y que me enseñó la parte desconocida del NHM. Pasando a los muestreos, a las benditas salidas de campo!! En primer lugar de estos agradecimientos es a Antonio y David, por facilitarme en todo lo posible esos muestreos en luna llena con marea entrante. Agradecer a Josep Mª i Guiomar (IRTA, Tarragona) y a Ferran (CEAB, Girona) que nos ayudaron en las campañas del Mediterráneo. I gràcies a Eustaqui Palero per la disponibilitat dels mostrejos a Cullera (València). Mi inicio investigador, aquí agradecer enormemente a mi directora de tesis de Master, Dr. Mercedes Fernández, de la unidad de zoología marina, del Isntituto Cavanilles, no hay palabras exactas que reflejen el trato que recibí, y todo lo que aprendí de ella, gracias Merche! Bendita asignatura la de “rastros de aves y mamíferos”, con Dr. Javier Aznar y Merche de profes, ellos fueron los culpables de que empezase a investigar, a preguntar y querer respuestas de otra manera, sí, sin lugar a dudas los mejores profesores que he tenido!! Aún recuerdo un brindis de Javi en Cuenca, por un futuro brillante!!! Que buenos brindis y recuerdos. Agradecer a la gente que forma la Unidad de Zoología Marina, queda lejos en el tiempo, pero el recuerdo fue tan bueno que se mantiene, gràcies: Neus, Patri, Isa, Raúl, Juanma, Paula, esa salidas en barco a ver cetáceos no se puede olvidar y las necropsias tampoco jajaja Agradecer a las ”Single Ladies” Isa (la más veterana para mí, gracias, tú fuiste mi primera Lady in Cái), fugada Marga, Sori, Marina, Cori- Kyro, Emma y Vicky por lo buenos momentos que se pasan junto a ellas. Y a la gente que va y viene, y en su momento estuvo cerquita compartiendo algún momento perruno, campero, bichero, playero, cachondeo, relax,…y hacen que estar aquí sea más llevadero!! Mil Mil Gracias, Gràcies, Thanks!!! a los que me habéis ayudado en la parte perruna, en estar ahí, para mí pero también para mi sombra, a Anabel y Lennon (un punk2) gracias,!! Y como no a Javi, un indispensable de mi vida, gracias por estar ahí en la pseudo-distancia, para Duna y para mí, llevártela de vacaciones y sacarnos al campo, en medio de la nada y hacernos desconectar, disfrutando del campo como los viejos tiempos, no solo nuestros, sino también como los lugareños cabreros de hace 50 años jajajaj asilados en Mordor. Al portento, mi pilar en Cádiz, gracias Parce por acompañarme aquí. A les meues perletes del Túria, gràcies per fer-me sentir com si no me n’haguera anat de la Terreta, sempre esteu ahí Raquel i Vera, Mari, Neus i el hippies, Sara, Imma, Horten, i Felipe, la gent que mai desapareix. I a Paco, eixe afèrrim de València i al Micalet, ajjajaja peça important de la meua vida, allí i ací. Gràcies per no perdres en la distància. A un escritorl Norteño!! Quien dice que en la distancia no pueden echarte un cable para pasar una tabla excel, Mila esker Andoni! y por los kit kats literarios ;) El meu coret, els meus naninets i Duna!! Sense ells açó no sería possible, són els que están darrere, facilitant-me que puga seguir i arribar lluny, i naninets aconseguit!!! I que dir dels xics de la meua vida: el tete, Miquel i Joan, Silvia tenim que compartir-los jajajaj gràcies, simple i ras “per estar” els millors. Gràcies fins i tot als que no estan :) ÍNDICE Índice Abreviaciones…………………..………….…………………………..……………….……………...19 Resumen………………………………………………………….……………………...………………23 Introducción general……………………………...…………………………………………………..45 Objetivos……………………………………………………………………………...………………….57 SECCIÓN I ACTUALIZACIÓN DE LA FAUNA DE BRAQUIUROS DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA CAPÍTULO 1 Annotated checklist of brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Iberian Peninsula (SW Europe)……………………….…………………………….……...…………….63 SECCIÓN II DESCRIPCIONES MORFOLÓGICAS DE LAS LARVAS DE BRAQUIUROS IBÉRICOS A PARTIR DE HEMBRAS OVÍGERAS CULTIVADAS EN LABORATORIO CAPÍTULO 2 Morphology of the larval stages of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) (Decapoda, Brachyura, Inachidae) reared in the laboratory………………………..…..……81 CAPÍTULO 3 Morphology of the larval stages of a Mediterranean population of the allochthonous Say’s mud crab, Dyspanopeus sayi (Decapoda: Brachyura: Panopeidae)……………………………………………………………………………………….99 CAPÍTULO 4 Larval development of the pea crab Afropinnotheres monodi Manning, 1993 (Decapoda, Pinnotheridae) using plankton-collected and laboratory-reared
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