Systema Brachyurorum: Part I
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THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2008 17: 1–286 Date of Publication: 31 Jan.2008 © National University of Singapore SYSTEMA BRACHYURORUM: PART I. AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF EXTANT BRACHYURAN CRABS OF THE WORLD Peter K. L. Ng Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260, Republic of Singapore Email: [email protected] Danièle Guinot Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et peuplements aquatiques, 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France Email: [email protected] Peter J. F. Davie Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT. – An annotated checklist of the extant brachyuran crabs of the world is presented for the first time. Over 10,500 names are treated including 6,793 valid species and subspecies (with 1,907 primary synonyms), 1,271 genera and subgenera (with 393 primary synonyms), 93 families and 38 superfamilies. Nomenclatural and taxonomic problems are reviewed in detail, and many resolved. Detailed notes and references are provided where necessary. The constitution of a large number of families and superfamilies is discussed in detail, with the positions of some taxa rearranged in an attempt to form a stable base for future taxonomic studies. This is the first time the nomenclature of any large group of decapod crustaceans has been examined in such detail. KEY WORDS. – Annotated checklist, crabs of the world, Brachyura, systematics, nomenclature. CONTENTS Preamble .................................................................................. 3 Family Cymonomidae .......................................... 32 Caveats and acknowledgements ............................................... 5 Family Phyllotymolinidae .................................... 32 Introduction .............................................................................. 6 Superfamily DROMIOIDEA ..................................... 33 The higher classification of the Brachyura ......................... 6 Family Dromiidae ................................................ 33 Fossil fauna ........................................................................ 8 Family Dynomenidae ........................................... 37 How many crab species are there? ..................................... 9 Superfamily HOMOLODROMIOIDEA .................... 39 Descriptive terms ..................................................................... 9 Family Homolodromiidae .................................... 39 Methods .................................................................................. 17 Superfamily HOMOLOIDEA .................................... 40 Notes on general nomenclature .............................................. 18 Family Homolidae ............................................... 40 Notes on authorships of taxa .................................................. 20 Family Latreilliidae .............................................. 41 Notes on some papers of nomenclatural significance ............. 21 Family Poupiniidae .............................................. 41 List of extant brachyuran superfamilies, families Superfamily RANINOIDEA ...................................... 42 and subfamilies ................................................................ 26 Family Raninidae ................................................. 42 Checklist ................................................................................ 31 Section Eubrachyura ......................................................... 44 Section Podotremata ........................................................ 31 Subsection Heterotremata ............................................. 44 Superfamily CYCLODORIPPOIDEA ....................... 31 Superfamily AETHROIDEA ..................................... 44 Family Cyclodorippidae ...................................... 31 Family Aethridae ................................................. 44 1 Ng et al.: Systema Brachyurorum Part I Superfamily BELLIOIDEA ....................................... 46 Family Crossotonotidae ..................................... 127 Family Belliidae .................................................. 46 Family Palicidae ................................................ 127 Superfamily BYTHOGRAEIODEA .......................... 47 Superfamily PARTHENOPOIDEA ......................... 129 Family Bythograeidae ......................................... 47 Family Parthenopidae ......................................... 129 Superfamily CALAPPOIDEA ................................... 48 Superfamily PILUMNOIDEA ................................. 135 Family Calappidae ............................................... 48 Family Galenidae ............................................... 136 Family Matutidae ................................................ 50 Family Pilumnidae ............................................. 138 Superfamily CANCROIDEA .................................... 51 Family Tanaocheleidae ...................................... 146 Family Atelecyclidae ........................................... 51 Superfamily PORTUNOIDEA ................................. 147 Family Cancridae ................................................ 53 Family Geryonidae ............................................ 147 Family Pirimelidae .............................................. 53 Family Portunidae .............................................. 147 Superfamily CARPILIOIDEA ................................... 54 Superfamily POTAMOIDEA ................................... 159 Family Carpiliidae ............................................... 54 Family Potamidae .............................................. 159 Superfamily CHEIRAGONOIDEA ........................... 55 Family Potamonautidae ..................................... 169 Family Cheiragonidae ......................................... 55 Superfamily PSEUDOTHELPHUSOIDEA ............. 173 Superfamily CORYSTOIDEA .................................. 56 Family Pseudothelphusidae ............................... 173 Family Corystidae ............................................... 56 Superfamily PSEUDOZIOIDEA ............................. 179 Superfamily DAIROIDEA ........................................ 57 Family Pilumnoididae ........................................ 179 Family Dacryopilumnidae ................................... 57 Family Planopilumnidae .................................... 179 Family Dairidae ................................................... 58 Family Pseudoziidae .......................................... 180 Superfamily DORIPPOIDEA .................................... 59 Superfamily RETROPLUMOIDEA ......................... 181 Family Dorippidae ............................................... 59 Family Retroplumidae ....................................... 181 Family Ethusidae ................................................. 60 Superfamily THIOIDEA .......................................... 182 Superfamily ERIPHIOIDEA ..................................... 62 Family Thiidae ................................................... 182 Family Dairoididae .............................................. 63 Superfamily TRAPEZIOIDEA ................................ 183 Family Eriphiidae ................................................ 63 Family Domeciidae ............................................ 183 Family Hypothalassiidae ..................................... 63 Family Tetraliidae .............................................. 184 Family Menippidae ............................................. 64 Family Trapeziidae ............................................ 185 Family Oziidae .................................................... 65 Superfamily TRICHODACTYLOIDEA .................. 187 Family Platyxanthidae ......................................... 66 Family Trichodactylidae .................................... 187 Superfamily GECARCINUCOIDEA ........................ 67 Superfamily XANTHOIDEA ................................... 189 Family Gecarcinucidae ........................................ 67 Family Panopeidae ............................................. 189 Family Parathelphusidae ..................................... 69 Family Pseudorhombilidae ................................ 192 Superfamily GONEPLACOIDEA ............................. 75 Family Xanthidae ............................................... 193 Family Acidopsidae ............................................. 75 Subsection Thoracotremata ......................................... 212 Family Chasmocarcinidae ................................... 76 Superfamily CRYPTOCHIROIDEA ........................ 212 Family Conleyidae ............................................... 77 Family Cryptochiridae ....................................... 212 Family Euryplacidae ........................................... 78 Superfamily GRAPSOIDEA .................................... 214 Family Goneplacidae ........................................... 80 Family Gecarcinidae .......................................... 214 Family Litocheiridae ........................................... 83 Family Glyptograpsidae ..................................... 216 Family Mathildellidae ......................................... 83 Family Grapsidae ............................................... 216 Family Progeryonidae ......................................... 84 Family Plagusiidae ............................................. 218 Family Scalopidiidae ..........................................