DOCSLIB.ORG

Refugee Critique and the Politics of Hmong American Remembering

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Refugee Critique and the Politics of Hmong American Remembering UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Displaced Histories: Refugee Critique and the Politics of Hmong American Remembering A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnic Studies by Ma Vang Committee in charge: Professor Yen Le Espiritu, Chair Professor John D. Blanco Professor Ross H. Frank Professor Adria L. Imada Professor Denise Ferreira da Silva Professor Shelley S. Streeby 2012 Copyright Ma Vang, 2012 All rights reserved The dissertation of Ma Vang is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2012 iii DEDICATION For Mom and Dad. Kuv yuav ncu ntsoov meb tug txaj ntswg kws lug ntawm txuj kiv hlub hab kiv khwv. Txhua yam kuv muaj yog lug ntawm meb. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS SIGNATURE PAGE …………………………………..…………………………….…. iii DEDICATION …...…....................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………………………....................v LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………….……………......vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS …………………...…………………….……………….…..vii VITA…………………………..…………………….……………………………….….. xi ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION………………….…….....................................xii INTRODUCTION…...……………….……………………..…………...............................1 CHAPTER ONE The Missing Baggage: Looking for the Hmong Refugee in Secret Documents...……………….………………………………....….....................................38 CHAPTER TWO The Refugee Soldier: A Critique of Recognition and Citizenship in the Hmong Veterans’ Legislation Act of 1997.……………..…..….……………………….…....83 CHAPTER THREE Dragging Histories: Ally, Terrorist, and Hmong Mobilization......115 CHAPTER FOUR The Attachments of History: The Refugee Grandmother in Gran Torino and The Latehomecomer: A Hmong Family Memoir.…...…………………….165 EPILOGUE…………….………...…………………………………………..…………214 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………….…………………………………...221 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Missing Baggage Claim……………………………………………..………...43 Figure 2: Redacted Memorandum……….…………………………………...…….........48 Figure 3: Communist Expansion..………………….…………………………..….…….52 Figure 4: Ethnic Distribution…....………………….…………………………..….…….65 Figure 5: The Ground War……………………………………………………..…...……69 Figure 6: List of Occupation & Skills………………………………………………...….76 Figure 7: List of Hmong Refugees’ Education and Work History……………………....78 Figure 8: Lao Hmong American War Memorial.……………………………………....125 vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my dissertation committee for their support and encouragement in the research and writing of this project. My committee chair, Yen Le Espiritu, has been my biggest champion through my training in Ethnic Studies both professionally and socially by fostering different communities of support to sustain my work. Her exceptional mentorship shaped this project in so many ways because she consistently challenges me to ground my ideas in the evidence. Her skillful interpretation of my work, even at its most messy phases, strengthened this project to become more than I could imagine. I cherish our friendship and the many fun get-togethers over the years. She has made San Diego a second home for me. For these things and so much more, I thank you. Ross Frank has continued to offer solid support for my project and professional development. I can always count on him to ask me thought-provoking questions that I do not yet have answers to but nonetheless challenges me to expand my horizon. Denise Silva strengthened my intellectual engagement and transformed how I think about race and Ethnic Studies. She challenged me to think otherwise and helped me to formulate thoughtful critiques as well as to think about the possibilities of the refugee figure. Adria Imada carefully read through my chapters and gave me valuable feedback to expand on my ideas. I appreciate her constructive comments that strengthened my analysis. Shelley Streeby also meticulously read my chapters, generously offering comments on writing and argument development, which has been a tremendous asset for me. Her emphasis on the significance of my ideas is especially meaningful for revising and finishing the dissertation. Jody Blanco helped me to see the overall argument and importance of my project. His suggested readings along with broader discussions about vii the Vietnam War helped push me to define and refine my contribution. In addition to my committee members, I would also like to thank professors who have helped me along the way: Natalia Molina, Wayne Yang, Lisa Park, David Pellow, Lisa Yoneyama, and Takashi Fujitani. Christina Woo, Southeast Asian Archivist at UC Irvine, spent countless hours with me at Langson Library teaching me the nuts and bolts of research. She helped cushion me into doing archival research. I have been fortunate to cultivate friends and colleagues in Southeast Asian American and Hmong Studies who have been instrumental to my development as a scholar. Fiona Ngo was my undergraduate mentor and helped me envision graduate school and a career as a researcher even when I could not see it yet. She guided me to access an imagination for my future and for that I will always be grateful. Through Fiona, I met many scholars whose work in Southeast Asian American Studies inspired me. Mariam Beevi Lam is a leading scholar in this emerging field and I have had the privilege to receive her mentorship through undergraduate and graduate school. I am thrilled that she will be my mentor for the UC President’s Postdoctoral Fellowship at UC Riverside and I look forward to working with her closely in the next two years. I would also like to thank Mimi Thi Nguyen for sharing her work with me and supporting my research. She is a co-editor for the upcoming positions special issue on Southeast Asian/American Studies where my essay will be published. Linda Vo has also been supportive, giving me advice on professionalization regarding jobs, postdoctoral fellowships, and publishing whenever I see her at conferences or meetings. I am privileged to work with her on the Southeast Asian Archive Advisory Board. In addition, I have been lucky to engage with a group of Hmong Studies scholars, including Louisa Schein who gave me tremendous guidance and viii mentorship as a senior Hmong Studies scholar. Chia Youyee Vang, Mai Na Lee, and Leena Neng Her are among the few Hmong women professors who are my role models and have inspired me to pursue a career in academia. I share this journey with fellow Hmong graduate students whose support and determination motivate me to finish this project: Chong Moua, MaiGer Moua, Bruce Thao, Ly Chong Thong Jalao, and Aline Lo. My experience is also inextricably linked with friends from other programs who have continued to provide encouragement for my work: Mark Padoognpatt, Robert Eap, Thang Dao, Emily Hue, and Jennifer Tran. My friends and colleagues at UC San Diego are a source of tremendous support. Thuy Vo Dang and Teresa Cesena repeatedly read and commented on my work, helping to shape chapter two for publication. Becky Kinney and Angela Kong generously offered their advice on writing and professional development. I found a true friend in Maile Arvin who tirelessly read my chapters and fellowship proposals. Her amazing writing and research project is an inspiration for me to work harder and produce better work. I am so proud of her accomplishments. Ayako Sahara became my writing partner in the last two years and helped me see this project to the end. I am grateful for her thoughtful feedback and encouragement as a friend and a colleague. I would also like to thank Davorn Sisavath, Lisa Ho, Kyung Hee Ha, and Laura Beebe for their faith in my work. My cohort has been my biggest strength in graduate school. Each person supported me academically and personally at various times. Tomoko Tsuchiya and I became fast friends and roommates. She offered companionship and advice when I needed it most. Cathi Kozen’s steady encouragement has been a source of strength. She is like an older sister and I have learned so much from her. Long Bui has been a constant source of support as a ix conference buddy, writing group member, and friend. Thank you Long for always being there for me. And last but not least, Angie Morrill and I go way back to our undergraduate days. We even went to the same high school, though years apart, and I’ve felt a special connection to her. Thank you for your love and encouragement. Most of all, I could not have done this without the love and devotion of Kit Myers. I am truly blessed to share in this journey with him. He gave me strength when mine seemed to run out. He is the half that makes me whole. For all you’ve done and will do, I love you. My parents and family make this journey meaningful. I know that my parents, Mai and Vue, don’t have much but they made sure that I went without. My wonderful siblings and sisters-in-law—Yen, Pao Yee, Cha Lee, Mai Neng, Kor, Mao, Mai, and Thomas—keep me grounded in the things in life that matter most. Mai is my friend and confidant, the best sister anyone could ask for. My nieces and nephews—Pao, Xee, James, Connie, Shania, Shinee, Sherry, Chelsea, Alec, Gracelynne, and Lily—bring me joy whenever I go home. I am grateful to my uncle Chong and his wife for their belief in me. My aunt, Kua, has been my personal adviser and friend over the years and I am so blessed to have her in my life. Finally, my grandmothers, Lue and La, are amazing women who I draw my strength from. Thank you both for
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The National Security Council and the Iran-Contra Affair
    THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL AND THE IRAN- CONTRA AFFAIR Congressman Ed Jenkins* and Robert H. Brink** I. INTRODUCTION Early in November of 1986, newspapers in the United States carried the first reports that the United States government, in an effort to gain release of United States citizens held hostage by terrorists in Lebanon, had engaged in a covert policy of supplying arms to elements within Iran.' Later in that month, following a preliminary inquiry into the matter, it was revealed that some of the funds generated from those arms sales had been diverted to support the "Contra" 2 forces fighting the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. The events giving rise to these disclosures became known collectively as the "Iran-Contra Affair." Both elements of the affair raised serious questions regarding the formulation and conduct of our nation's foreign policy. In regard to the Iranian phase of the affair, the Regan administration's rhetoric had placed the administration firmly in op- position to any dealings with nations supporting terrorism, and with Iran in particular.' In addition, the United States had made significant * Member, United States House of Representatives, Ninth District of Georgia. LL.B., University of Georgia Law School, 1959. In 1987, Congressman Jenkins served as a member of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. ** Professional Staff Member, Committee on Government Operations, United States House of Representatives. J.D., Marshall-Wythe School of Law, College of William and Mary, 1978. In 1987, Mr. Brink served as a member of the associate staff of the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran.
    [Show full text]
  • Airpower Classics
    Airpower Classics Artwork by Zaur Eylanbekov T-28 Trojan Many trainer aircraft have been turned into war- Cessna T-37. The Air National Guard retained it for planes. Few if any, however, have performed as a few years. Then, in the early 1960s, the aircraft well in that role, and in so many places, as the Air was revamped and given a completely new purpose. Force’s T-28 Trojan. Its combat career began in the early 1960s in Vietnam. The good performance of The first T-28s to serve in Vietnam were part of the T-28 intrigued foreign governments, which used Operation Farm Gate’s 4400th Combat Crew Training it for training, close air support, reconnaissance, Squadron. Rugged and reliable, it was well-liked and airborne patrol. Versions of the T-28 served by its air and ground crews. The original mission with more than 20 air forces. They eventually saw to train South Vietnamese pilots soon grew to combat on four continents. include combat strikes. Then, in 1962, USAF began to modify some 300 T-28s as fighter-bombers The T-28A was designed to replace the obsolete for counterinsurgency warfare in Vietnam. These World War II-era T-6 Texan trainer. The early version aircraft, redesignated as T-28D Nomads, provided was powered by a troublesome 800-horsepower years of stellar service. The aircraft was withdrawn Wright R-1300 engine. Nonetheless, the Trojan from combat in Vietnam in 1964, but it continued to performed well enough to convince the Navy to buy operate with the 60th Special Operations Squadron the T-28B and T-28C with a larger Wright R-1820.
    [Show full text]
  • Crossing the Rubicon 2.Pdf
    PART IV EMPIRE AND DECLINE chapter26 THE RECORD little guy like me should never have had to write this book. A By the time the Kean Commission’s final report was released, a crucial prin- ciple of democratic government called “separation of powers” had quietly vanished. Nobody within the government seemed willing or able to defy the exec- utive’s mythical narrative of 9/11, even while the executive used the implications of that Big Lie to justify its every move. Massive war appropriations, the Patriot Acts, intelligence “reform,” Camp X-Ray at Guantanamo Bay, prison torture abroad, domestic roundups and detentions of Arabs and South Asians, and a hun- dred tangentially related usurpations of the powers Constitutionally reserved for the legislature and the judiciary — all were driven through by appeals to the offi- cial story of 9/11. It seems there are no independent voices of authority remaining outside the Empire’s control to challenge, temper or place limits on Imperial crimes and ambitions. There is only yet another Patrician seeking to replace Caesar on the throne and wear the Imperial purple. The Kean commission’s mandate The Kean Commission’s mandate was laid out in Public Law 107-306, signed by President Bush on November 27, 2002. SEC. 602. PURPOSES. The purposes of the Commission are to — (1) examine and report upon the facts and causes relating to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, occurring at the World Trade Center in New York, New York, in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, and at the Pentagon in Virginia; (2) ascertain,
    [Show full text]
  • Air Commando JOURNAL Spring 2012 Vol
    Educating their Children Providing full college educations to the children of fallen Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Corps special operations personnel since 1980. Funding provided for tuition, books, fees, room and board. Wounded SOF Warrior Support 3URYLGLQJLPPHGLDWH¿QDQFLDO assistance to severely wounded special operations personnel. SOWF has provided over $1.4 million in support of wounded SOF warriors since 2005. CFC # 11455 www.specialops.org Air Commando JOURNAL Spring 2012 Vol. 1, No 3 9 Tragedy Strikes: Laos Site 85 12 Operation Kingpin: Son Tay Raid 16 Element of Surprise 45 The Year of the Dragon: Part I 18 Eagle Claw: Successful Failed Mission 4 Foreword: 27 General (ret) Charles Holland USAF Operation Urgent Fury: Invasion of Grenada 5 Chindit Chatter: Editorial 40 6 Match Made by Pinatubo: Reunion Updates Case Study in Jointness 8 ON THE Hotwash: Letters & Comments COVER 50 Air Commandos Support 33 Education in Honduras CONGRESS to THE 55 RESCUE Medal of Honor Recipient A1C William H. Pitsenbarger www.aircommando.org Spring 2012 │ AIR COMMANDO JOURNAL │ 3 FOREWORD As we Air Commandos reflect on the early exploits of the 13 initiatives was presented Johnny Alison and Heinie Aderholt, we are reminded of to SECDEF which, if supported, the challenge each of them had to overcome to integrate a provided the resources required force many did not understand nor appreciate. When the to fulfill the new role of the Vietnam era came to an end, we still faced an uncertain Command. During General future with conventional wisdom not understanding Welch’s assessment of MFP-11, the relevance of special operations forces (SOF).
    [Show full text]
  • Air Commando Journal Vol 2 Issue 4.Pdf
    Corporate Air Commando ACA Partners Assisting ACA in our mission to support Air Commandos and JOURNAL their families: Past, Present and Future Publisher Richard Secord Alenia North America [email protected] ATK Special Mission Aircraft Editor in Chief BAE Systems Dennis Barnett [email protected] Beam, McLaughlin & Assoc.; Merrill Lynch Bell Helicopter –A Textron Company Contributing Editors Scott McIntosh Boeing Company Rick Newton Pete Riley CACI International Darrel Whitcomb CAE Public Affairs/Marketing Director Caruth Central Business Advisory Shannon Pressley Creative Awards and Framing [email protected] CutOnce, LLC Graphic Designer Elbit Systems of America Jeanette Moore [email protected] Emerald Coast Convention Center Esterline Defense Technologies Air Commando Association Board of Directors First Command Financial Services, Inc. Maj Gen (Ret) Richard Secord, President Col (Ret) Dennis Barnett, Vice President FLIR Col (Ret) Paul Harmon, Treasurer Grey Aviation 9th CMSAF (Ret) James Binnicker, Director L-3 Crestview Aerospace Col (Ret) Thomas Bradley, Director Maj (Ret) David Freeman, Director L-3 Mission Integration Maj Gen (Ret) Clay McCutchan, Director Lockheed Martin Col (Ret) David Mobley, Director MacAulay-Brown, Inc. SMSgt (Ret) Pete Riley, Director Lt Gen (Ret) Michael Wooley, Director Operation Hawkeye CMSgt (Ret) Micheal Wright, Director Pioneer Technologies Corporation QinetiQ North America, Inc. Policy/Financial Advisor to ACA General (Ret)T. Michael Moseley, USAF, 18th Chief of Staff Rockwell Collins Chairman, Gulf Alliance Company Hillwood Development Corporation - A Perot Company SAIC SELEX Galileo Inc. Sierra Nevada Corporation Air Commando Association P.O. Box 7, Mary Esther, FL 32569 Telephone: (850) 581-0099 Fax: (850) 581-8988 Web Site: www.aircommando.org Email: [email protected] This publication is for the information, interest, and enjoyment of our readers.
    [Show full text]
  • Iran-Contra Affair
    Report No. 87-339 F IRAN-CONTRA AFFAIR : BIOGRAPHICAL PROFILES Cheryl J. Rathbun Foreign Affairs Analyst and Carolyn L. Hatcher Technic a1 Info mation Specialist With the research assistance of Peter Kappas Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division GOlLt;RNfvlENT ;X)CUMENTS COLLECTION NORTHERN KENTUCKY UNlVERSlTY LIBRARY March 27, 1987 The Congressional Research Senice works exclusively for the Congress, conducting research, analyzing legislation, and providing information at the request of committees. Mem- bers, and their staf'fi. The Service makes such research available. without parti- san bias. in many forms including studies. reports, compila- tions, digests, and background briefings. Upon request, CRS assists committees in analyzing legislative proposals and issues, and in assessing the possible effects of these proposals and their alternatives. The Service's senior specialists and subject analysts are also at.ailab1e for personal consultations in their respective fields of expertise. AB S TRAC T This report provides biographical information on individuals who have been associated in public reports with the controversy surrounding the secret U.S. arms sales to Iran and the channeling of profits to the rebels or Contras in Nicaragua. The information has been compiled from public sources. The report will be updated periodically and complements the CRS Report 86-190 F, Iran-Contra Affair: A Chronology. INTRODUCTION On November 3, 1986, a Lebanese weekly magazine, Al-Shiraa, reported that Robert C. McFarlane, former National Security Adviser to the President, had secretly visited Tehran to discuss with Iranian officials a cessation of Iranian support for terrorist groups in exchange for the supply of U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • "Secret Team" Behind Contragate & Its Past Scandals (Part 1 of 6) by Deborah Tyroler Category/Department: General Published: Friday, February 27, 1987
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiCen Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 2-27-1987 U.S. Shadow Warriors & The Origins Of Contragate: The secr" et Team" Behind Contragate & Its Past Scandals (part 1 Of 6) Deborah Tyroler Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen Recommended Citation Tyroler, Deborah. "U.S. Shadow Warriors & The Origins Of Contragate: The s" ecret Team" Behind Contragate & Its Past Scandals (part 1 Of 6)." (1987). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen/468 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiCen by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 077036 ISSN: 1089-1560 U.S. Shadow Warriors & The Origins Of Contragate: The "secret Team" Behind Contragate & Its Past Scandals (part 1 Of 6) by Deborah Tyroler Category/Department: General Published: Friday, February 27, 1987 Editor's Note: The Iran-Contra scandal has revived old concerns about what a Senate Committee once called "allegations of substantial, even massive wrongdoing" within the CIA and the rest of the national intelligence system. In the following special series of articles, Pacifica News Service contributing editor Peter Dale Scott, a veteran researcher of US covert operations, details the origins of the "secret teams" that lie at the hear of the scandal; how over the years efforts to "dispose" of them only drove them deeper underground, where they played key roles in some of the most controversial covert exploits of the US; the extent to which both teams operated with their own agendas, marked by an ultra-right ideology that has its origins with the Nazis.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Download (PDF)
    AFA’s Air, Space USSF’s Saltzman 12| ABMS Gains Traction 40| Building to War in Vietnam 52 & Cyber: The Outbrief 12 BUFFNose-to-Tail Upgrades Will Keep B-52s Flying for Another 30+ Years UP | 36 October 2020 $8 Published by the Air Force Association STAFF Publisher October 2020. Vol. 103, No. 10 Bruce A. Wright Editor in Chief Tobias Naegele Managing Editor Juliette Kelsey Chagnon Editorial Director John A. Tirpak News Editor Amy McCullough Assistant Managing Editor Chequita Wood Senior Designer Dashton Parham Pentagon Editor Brian W. Everstine Tech. Sgt. Cory Payne D. Tech. Digital Platforms DEPARTMENT FEATURES A “robot dog” Editor 2 Editorial: 12 Q&A: Space Ops 101 provides secu- Jennifer-Leigh Inflection Points rity at a simu- Oprihory lated austere By Tobias Naegele Lt. Gen. B. Chance Saltzman, Space Force Deputy Chief of Space Operations for Operations, Cyber and Nuclear, base during the Senior Editor Advanced Battle Rachel S. Cohen 4 Letters speaks with Rachel S. Cohen about Space Force. planning. Management Production 6 Index to System exer- Manager Advertisers 36 BUFF Up By John A. Tirpak cise on Nellis Eric Chang Lee 11 Verbatim Air Force Base, Photo Editor Another decade of enhancements will give the B-52 Nev., Sept. 1. Mike Tsukamoto 14 Strategy & Policy: three more decades of power. See “Moving China’s Expanding From Situational Military Power 40 Moving From Situational Awareness to C2 Awareness to Contributors C2,” p. 40. Lt. Col. Price T. 16 Airframes By Brian W. Everstine Bingham, USAF 22 World: USAF The second ABMS on-ramp experiment offers a peek (Ret.), John T.
    [Show full text]
  • Secord Under Investigation Campus Scene
    ~-------------~---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Campus Scene - inside VOL. XXI, NO. 69 FRIDAY, DECEMBER 12, 1986 Secord under Sr. Club hires investigation Biggs full-time Associated Press as manager WASHINGTON - Richard Secord's last full-time Defense Department job was in a little-known division that su­ By MARY HEILMANN pervises arms sales to many foreign Assistant News Editor countries. It employed several people whose names have surfaced in the Iran­ The Office of Student Activities has Contra affair. announced the appointment of a full­ Secord, a retired Air Force major time employee at the Senior-Alumni general who reportedly played a key Club to guarantee continuity and role in the diversion of profits from the "stability" in the management, accor­ sale of U.S. arms to Iran to the ding to Lawrence Briggs, who has been Nicaraguan rebels, retired in May 1983 designated as the Club's administrative as a deputy assistant defense secretary general manager. l at the department's International Se­ Briggs, who assumed his duties at the curity Affairs section. student-operated club Dec. 1, is now the Secord oversaw Near Eastern and only full-time employee and the highest South Asian affairs at ISA, according official of the Club, which had formerly j to the Congressional Directory. been operated solely by student managers. Between July 11, 1983 and Nov. 11, "One of the biggest things the Uni­ 1 1984, after his retirement, Secord was versity hoped to accomplish by hiring authorized to serve a consultant to ISA me is that they want to have a little for a total of 220 days at $242 a day.
    [Show full text]
  • Apollo's Warriors
    Apollo’sApollo’s WarriorsWarriors US Air Force Special Operations during the Cold War Michael E. Haas, Col, USAF, Retired Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama 1997 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Haas, Michael E., 1944- Apollo’s Warriors : US Air Force Special Operations during the Cold War / Michael E. Haas. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. United States. Air Force–Commando Troops–History. 2. Special Forces (Military Science)–United States–History. 3. Cold War. I. Title. UG633.H32 1997 358.4–dc21 97-23931 CIP ISBN 1-58566-035-3 First Printing July 2000 Disclaimer Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within are solely those of the author and do not necessarily repre- sent the views of Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. For Sale by the Superintendent of Documents US Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402 ii Apollo the archer, the lord who strikes from afar, sends lone warriors clothed in the mist, or comes on the wind as the night comes down, beguiles and strikes, unknown but knowing. —The Odyssey Contents DISCLAIMER . .ii FOREWORD . vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . ix PREFACE . xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xiii PRELUDE: BEFORE THE BEGINNING . 1 Special Operations in Europe . 3 The Air Commandos . 6 Korea THE RETURN TO WAR . 10 Notes . 13 THE SHADOW WAR . 14 The War: Center Stage . 16 The War behind the Curtain . 16 Aviary and Unit 4 in Action . 22 Notes . 29 SPECIAL AIR MISSIONS . 30 Notes .
    [Show full text]
  • Wayne Norrad, Cmsgt, USAF (Ret)
    2 │ AIR COMMANDO JOURNAL │Vol 6, Issue 3 www.aircommando.org Air Commando JOURNAL February 2018 Vol. 6, Issue 3 5 Foreword: Wayne Norrad, CMSgt, USAF (Ret) 8 2017 Air Commando Hall of Fame 14 2017 Commander’s Leadership 42 Awards Forgotten Emblems of the World War II Air 30 Commandos 919th FID in Central and South America 6 37 Chindit Chatter Immigrant to Air Commando 7 48 Hotwash Difficulties in Changing an 20 Air Force Unit Emblem ACA 2017 Convention Photos 23 Air Commando ON THE Heritage Seminar COVER 36 Air Commando 2017 Hall of Fame Quiet Professionals inductees honored at the ACA convention. Five individuals were don Brown Beret recognized for their significant contributions to the betterment of Air Force Special Operations. (Photo 49 by Scott Schaeffler) Book Review: Rogue Heroes www.aircommando.org Vol 6, Issue 3 │ AIR COMMANDO JOURNAL │ 3 Corporate Partners Air Commando ACA JOURNAL Assisting ACA in our mission to support Air Commandos Publisher and their families: Past, Present, and Future Michael Wooley / Email: [email protected] Editor in Chief PLATINUM Dennis Barnett / Email: [email protected] ARMA Global Corporation Senior Editor Bell Helicopter Rick Newton Geico Contributing Editors Lockheed Martin Paul Harmon Scott McIntosh Orbital ATK Michael McKinney Ultra Electronics ICE Dan Settergren Darrel Whitcomb GOLD Public Affairs/Marketing Director Arby’s Melissa Gross / Email: [email protected] Elbit Systems of America Graphic Designer Jeanette Moore / Email: [email protected] L-3 Mission Integration Division Leonardo DRS Air Commando Association Board of Directors Rolls-Royce North America Chairman of the Board : Sierra Nevada Group Michael Wooley, Lt Gen, USAF (Ret) VATC President: Dennis Barnett, Col, USAF (Ret) Vice President: SILVER Wayne Norrad, CMSgt, USAF (Ret) Boeing Company Treasurer: Creative Awards & Framing James Connors, Col, USAF (Ret) FLIR Systems, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Report: Jonathan Kwitny
    Jonathan Kwitny Crimes of Patriots MOTHER JONES, Aug/Sept 1987. Jonathan Kwitny is an investigative reporter for the WALL STREET JOURNAL. This article is adapted from his book, THE CRIMES OF PATRIOTS: A TRUE TALE OF DOPE, DIRTY MONEY, AND THE CIA (W.W. Norton & Co.). Congressional hearings provide us with daily glimpses into a shadowy world of arms dealers, middlemen, retired military officers, and spooks. The details of secret arms shipments to Iran and money transfers to the contras have provoked expressions of shock and outrage about the "privatization" of foreign policy and the president's obsession with covert activity, as if these were inventions of the Reagan administration. They weren't. The need, cited by the past eight presidents, to pursue a perpetual and largely secret global war against an ever-expanding Soviet empire has justified gross violations of American law for 40 years. What is new in 1987 is that a window suddenly has been opened on this shadow world before the spooks who inhabit it could completely take over. What we are seeing today is not an aberration; the aberration is only that we are seeing it, and what we are seeing is still not most of it. To fight their perpetual war, successive administrations have required an army of men who live in a world of spying and secrecy. Wrapping themselves in a cloak of patriotism, they have carried out unlawful acts of violence against civilians in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Many soldiers in this shadow army also have stretched the cloak of patriotism to cover criminal enterprises that turn a hefty profit.
    [Show full text]