The Compleat Anachronist Index of Issues
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MEDIEVAL ARMOR Over Time
The development of MEDIEVAL ARMOR over time WORCESTER ART MUSEUM ARMS & ARMOR PRESENTATION SLIDE 2 The Arms & Armor Collection Mr. Higgins, 1914.146 In 2014, the Worcester Art Museum acquired the John Woodman Higgins Collection of Arms and Armor, the second largest collection of its kind in the United States. John Woodman Higgins was a Worcester-born industrialist who owned Worcester Pressed Steel. He purchased objects for the collection between the 1920s and 1950s. WORCESTER ART MUSEUM / 55 SALISBURY STREET / WORCESTER, MA 01609 / 508.799.4406 / worcesterart.org SLIDE 3 Introduction to Armor 1994.300 This German engraving on paper from the 1500s shows the classic image of a knight fully dressed in a suit of armor. Literature from the Middle Ages (or “Medieval,” i.e., the 5th through 15th centuries) was full of stories featuring knights—like those of King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table, or the popular tale of Saint George who slayed a dragon to rescue a princess. WORCESTER ART MUSEUM / 55 SALISBURY STREET / WORCESTER, MA 01609 / 508.799.4406 / worcesterart.org SLIDE 4 Introduction to Armor However, knights of the early Middle Ages did not wear full suits of armor. Those suits, along with romantic ideas and images of knights, developed over time. The image on the left, painted in the mid 1300s, shows Saint George the dragon slayer wearing only some pieces of armor. The carving on the right, created around 1485, shows Saint George wearing a full suit of armor. 1927.19.4 2014.1 WORCESTER ART MUSEUM / 55 SALISBURY STREET / WORCESTER, MA 01609 / 508.799.4406 / worcesterart.org SLIDE 5 Mail Armor 2014.842.2 The first type of armor worn to protect soldiers was mail armor, commonly known as chainmail. -
Plate Armor (Edited from Wikipedia)
Plate Armor (Edited from Wikipedia) SUMMARY Plate armor is a historical type of personal body armor made from iron or steel plates, culminating in the iconic suit of armor entirely encasing the wearer. While there are early predecessors, full plate armor developed in Europe during the Late Middle Ages, especially in the context of the Hundred Years' War, from the coat of plates worn over mail suits during the 13th century. In Europe, plate armor reached its peak in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. The full suit of armor is thus a feature of the very end of the Middle Ages and of the Renaissance period. Its popular association with the "medieval knight" is due to the specialized jousting armor which developed in the 16th century. Full suits of Gothic plate armor were worn on the battlefields of the Burgundian and Italian Wars. The most heavily armored troops of the period were heavy cavalry such as the gendarmes and early cuirassiers, but the infantry troops of the Swiss mercenaries and the landsknechts also took to wearing lighter suits of "three quarters" munition armor, leaving the lower legs unprotected. The use of plate armor declined in the 17th century, but it remained common both among the nobility and for the cuirassiers throughout the European wars of religion. After 1650, plate armor was mostly reduced to the simple breastplate (cuirass) worn by cuirassiers. This was due to the development of the flintlock musket, which could penetrate armor at a considerable distance. For infantry, the breastplate gained renewed importance with the development of shrapnel in the late Napoleonic wars. -
Armour Manual Mark II Ze
Basic Armouring—A Practical Introduction to Armour Making, Second Edition By Paul Blackwell Publishing History March 1986: First Edition March 2002: Second Edition Copyright © 2002 Paul Blackwell. This document may be copied and printed for personal use. It may not be distributed for profit in whole or part, or modified in any way. Electronic copies may be made for personal use. Electronic copies may not be published. The right of Paul Blackwell to be identified as the Author and Illustrator of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. The latest electronic version of this book may be obtained from: http://www.brighthelm.org/ Ye Small Print—Cautionary Note and Disclaimer Combat re-enactment in any form carries an element of risk (hey they used to do this for real!) Even making armour can be hazardous, if you drop a hammer on your foot, cut yourself on a sharp piece of metal or do something even more disastrous! It must be pointed out, therefore, that if you partake in silly hobbies such as these you do so at your own risk! The advice and information in this booklet is given in good faith (most having been tried out by the author) however as I have no control over what you do, or how you do it, I can accept no liability for injury suffered by yourself or others while making or using armour. Ye Nice Note Having said all that I’ll just add that I’ve been playing for ages and am still in one piece and having fun. -
The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and Its Relation to Contemporary Weapons Development
History, Department of History Theses University of Puget Sound Year 2016 Clad In Steel: The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and its Relation to Contemporary Weapons Development Jason Gill [email protected] This paper is posted at Sound Ideas. http://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/history theses/21 Clad in Steel: The Evolution of Plate Armor in Medieval Europe and its Relation to Contemporary Arms Development Jason Gill History 400 Professor Douglas Sackman 1 When thinking of the Middle Ages, one of the first things that comes to mind for many is the image of the knight clad head to toe in a suit of gleaming steel plate. Indeed, the legendary plate armor worn by knights has become largely inseparable from their image and has inspired many tales throughout the centuries. But this armor was not always worn, and in fact for most of the years during which knights were a dominant force on battlefields plate was a rare sight. And no wonder, for the skill and resources which went into producing such magnificent suits of armor are difficult to comprehend. That said, it is only rarely throughout history that soldiers have gone into battle without any sort of armor, for in the chaotic environment of battle such equipment was often all that stood between a soldier and death. Thus, the history of both armor and weapons is essential to a fuller understanding of the history of war. In light of this importance, it is remarkable how little work has been done on charting the history of soldiers’ equipment in the Middle Ages. -
The Classic Suit of Armor
Project Number: JLS 0048 The Classic Suit of Armor An Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science by _________________ Justin Mattern _________________ Gregory Labonte _________________ Christopher Parker _________________ William Aust _________________ Katrina Van de Berg Date: March 3, 2005 Approved By: ______________________ Jeffery L. Forgeng, Advisor 1 Table of Contents ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 6 RESEARCH ON ARMOR: ......................................................................................................................... 9 ARMOR MANUFACTURING ......................................................................................................................... 9 Armor and the Context of Production ................................................................................................... 9 Metallurgy ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Shaping Techniques ............................................................................................................................ 15 Armor Decoration -
Low-Tech Armortm
LOADOUTS:TM LOW-TECH ARMORTM Written by DAN HOWARD Edited by JASON “PK” LEVINE Illustrated by DAVID DAY, DAN HOWARD, and SHANE L. JOHNSON GURPS System Design T STEVE JACKSON e23 Manager T STEVEN MARSH GURPS Line Editor T SEAN PUNCH Marketing Director T LEONARD BALSERA Managing Editor T PHILIP REED Director of Sales T ROSS JEPSON Assistant GURPS Line Editor T JASON “PK” LEVINE Prepress Checker T NIKKI VRTIS Production Artist & Indexer T NIKOLA VRTIS Page Design T PHIL REED and JUSTIN DE WITT Art Direction T MONICA STEPHENS GURPS FAQ Maintainer T VICKY “MOLOKH” KOLENKO Lead Playtester: Douglas H. Cole Playtesters: Roger Burton West, Nathan Joy, Rob Kamm, Stephen Money, David Nichols, and Antoni Ten Monrós GURPS, Warehouse 23, and the all-seeing pyramid are registered trademarks of Steve Jackson Games Incorporated. Pyramid, Loadouts, Low-Tech Armor, e23, and the names of all products published by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated are registered trademarks or trademarks of Steve Jackson Games Incorporated, or used under license. GURPS Loadouts: Low-Tech Armor is copyright © 2013 by Steve Jackson Games Incorporated. Some art © 2013 JupiterImages Corporation. All rights reserved. The scanning, uploading, and distribution of this material via the Internet or via any other means without the permission of the publisher is illegal, and punishable by law. Please purchase only authorized electronic editions, and do not participate in or encourage the electronic piracy of copyrighted materials. Your support of the author’s rights is appreciated. An e23 Sourcebook for GURPS® STEVE JACKSON GAMES Stock #37-1581 Version 1.0 – December 2013 ® CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . -
Codex Martialis: Weapons of the Ancient World
Cod ex Mart ial is Weapo ns o f t he An cie nt Wor ld : Par t 2 Arm or a nd M issile Weapo ns Codex Martialis : Weapons of the A ncient World Par t II : Ar mo r an d Mi ss il e We ap on s 1 188.6.65.233 Cod ex Mart ial is Weapo ns o f t he An cie nt Wor ld : Par t 2 Arm or a nd M issile Weapo ns Codex Martialis: Weapons of the Ancient World Part 2 , Ar mor an d Missile Weapo ns Versi on 1 .6 4 Codex Ma rtia lis Copyr ig ht 2 00 8, 2 0 09 , 20 1 0, 2 01 1, 20 1 2,20 13 J ean He nri Cha nd ler 0Credits Codex Ma rtia lis W eapons of th e An ci ent Wo rld : Jean He nri Chandler Art ists: Jean He nri Cha nd ler , Reyna rd R ochon , Ram on Esteve z Proofr ead ers: Mi chael Cur l Special Thanks to: Fabri ce C og not of De Tail le et d 'Esto c for ad vice , suppor t and sporad ic fa ct-che cki ng Ian P lum b for h osting th e Co de x Martia lis we bsite an d co n tinu in g to prov id e a dvice an d suppo rt wit ho ut which I nev e r w oul d have publish ed anyt hi ng i ndepe nd ent ly. -
1455189355674.Pdf
THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN Cover by: Peter Bradley LEGAL PAGE: Every effort has been made not to make use of proprietary or copyrighted materi- al. Any mention of actual commercial products in this book does not constitute an endorsement. www.trolllord.com www.chenaultandgraypublishing.com Email:[email protected] Printed in U.S.A © 2013 Chenault & Gray Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Storyteller’s Thesaurus Trademark of Cheanult & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. Chenault & Gray Publishing, Troll Lord Games logos are Trademark of Chenault & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS 1 FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR 1 JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN 1 INTRODUCTION 8 WHAT MAKES THIS BOOK DIFFERENT 8 THE STORYTeller’s RESPONSIBILITY: RESEARCH 9 WHAT THIS BOOK DOES NOT CONTAIN 9 A WHISPER OF ENCOURAGEMENT 10 CHAPTER 1: CHARACTER BUILDING 11 GENDER 11 AGE 11 PHYSICAL AttRIBUTES 11 SIZE AND BODY TYPE 11 FACIAL FEATURES 12 HAIR 13 SPECIES 13 PERSONALITY 14 PHOBIAS 15 OCCUPATIONS 17 ADVENTURERS 17 CIVILIANS 18 ORGANIZATIONS 21 CHAPTER 2: CLOTHING 22 STYLES OF DRESS 22 CLOTHING PIECES 22 CLOTHING CONSTRUCTION 24 CHAPTER 3: ARCHITECTURE AND PROPERTY 25 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND ELEMENTS 25 BUILDING MATERIALS 26 PROPERTY TYPES 26 SPECIALTY ANATOMY 29 CHAPTER 4: FURNISHINGS 30 CHAPTER 5: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 ADVENTurer’S GEAR 31 GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 2 THE STORYTeller’s Thesaurus KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 35 LINENS 36 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS -
English Longbow Testing Against Various Armor Circa 1400
English Longbow Testing against various armor circa 1400 By Matheus Bane January 2006 2/28 Thesis Throughout all my research on archery and armour, one detail seems to vary from expert to ex- pert. This detail is the effectiveness of armour against archery. From one source to another, the conclusions (almost always stated as fact) are wildly different. For example, a website by the BBC states that: “In tests against a steel breastplate, a bodkin-tipped arrow would dent the armour at 260ft, puncture it at 98ft, and penetrate right through plate and underlying dou- blet coat to the flesh at 65ft.” (Channel 4) Although a seemingly trustworthy source, there is no detail given about the elements used. An- other source states; “an arrowhead, on the other hand, would only need to deliver 120 Joules to pierce the mail and padding underneath. An archer would find this difficult” (Williams) Dr Williams very clearly details all his methods and elements but fails to consider that mail is flexible and could still kill a person without penetration. This mass weapon effect has never been considered in any testing that I have come across. These type of inconsistencies have been the fuel for debate for as long as I have been in the re- search communities for archery and armour. During these debates, I have always had my own opinion but never felt qualified to interject since I could not back it up. Unfortunately, most people in these debates are stating opinion or quoting some statement by some expert that was stating an opinion. -
The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650
THE AGE OF WARS OF RELIGION, 1000–1650 THE AGE OF WARS OF RELIGION, 1000–1650 AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GLOBAL WARFARE AND CIVILIZATION Volume 1, A–K Cathal J. Nolan Greenwood Encyclopedias of Modern World Wars GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nolan, Cathal J. The age of wars of religion, 1000–1650 : an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization / Cathal J. Nolan. p. cm.—(Greenwood encyclopedias of modern world wars) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–33045–X (set)—ISBN 0–313–33733–0 (vol. 1)— ISBN 0–313–33734–9 (vol. 2) 1. Middle Ages—History—Encyclopedias. 2. History, Modern—17th century— Encyclopedias. 3. Military history, Medieval—Encyclopedias. 4. Military history, Modern—17th century—Encyclopedias. 5. Biography—Middle Ages, 500–1500— Encyclopedias. 6. Biography—17th century—Encyclopedias. I. Title. D114.N66 2006 909.0703—dc22 2005031626 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright # 2006 by Cathal J. Nolan All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2005031626 ISBN: 0–313–33045–X (set) 0–313–33733–0 (vol. I) 0–313–33734–9 (vol. II) First published in 2006 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984). -
The Brigandine from the Polish Army Museum in Warsaw – Some Thoughts About Its Provenance and Chronology
MARCIN GLINIANOWICZ THE BRIGANDINE FROM THE POLISH ARMY MUSEUM IN WARSAW – SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT ITS PROVENANCE AND CHRONOLOGY Polish museum collections do not possess a lot brigandine was placed on a shaped steel sheet (fixed of extant examples of late medieval armour, there- in place with several screws!), and covered with a fore each of them deserves special attention. The thin mesh overlapped and glued to the bottom side of brigandine from the Museum of the Polish Army in the base (Figs. 1–9). Because of this we are not able Warsaw has not been given a lot of attention so far to measure all of the plates, check for any marks on in Polish literature on the history of arms and armour. their surfaces or take a larger sample of the textile There is only a scant note about this armour in the covering for analysis. catalogue of the collections of the Museum of the Based on the pattern of rivet heads on the fabric Polish Army by Zofia Stefańska (Stefańska 1960, p. and the photos made before 1960 we can conclude 20; 1964, fig. 32: a, b). that the brigandine consists of a large chestplate and The brigandine in question is catalogued as inv. over 200 oblong, rectangular, horizontally aligned No. 107 and was brought into the Polish museum small plates of roughly uniform size (Fig. 10). The collection after WWII.1 There are indications that large chestplate has straight, horizontal upper and it formerly belonged to Berlin’s Zeughaus, which lower edges and almost vertical side edges with is corroborated by a comparative analysis of photos prominent, curved openings for arms. -
Medieval Arms Armor and Tactics
MEDIEVAL ARMS, ARMOR, AND TACTICS And Interactive Qualifying Project Submitted to the faculty Of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree of Bachelor or Science By Jack Waddell And Brent Palermo Date: December 10th, 2002 Approved: --------------------------------------------- Jeffrey L. Forgeng Abstract This project examined and photographed nearly 300 examples of medieval arms and armor in the Higgins Armory collection, and documented the characteristics of armor, weapons, and their associated tactics during the middle ages (approximately 500CE to 1500CE) as well as the historical and technological background against which they were employed. 2 Acknowledgements We would like to thank the Higgins Armory Museum for providing us with access to authentic medieval artifacts and essential research tools. 3 Table of Contents 1. Abstract.................................................................................................................pg 2 2. Acknowledgements.................................................................................................3 3. Table of Contents ...................................................................................................4 4. Introduction (By Brent Palermo) ..............................................................................5 5. Historical background of the Middle Ages (By Jack Waddell) ....................................6 a. History.............................................................................................................6