DOCSLIB.ORG

Download PDF Datastream

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download PDF Datastream The Labor of Refuge: Kalmyk Displaced Persons, the 1948 Displaced Persons Act, and the Origins of U.S. Refugee Resettlement By Jessica Johnson B.A., University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 2003 A.M., Brown University, 2006 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of American Studies at Brown University Providence, Rhode Island May, 2013 © Copyright 2013 by Jessica Johnson This dissertation by Jessica Johnson is accepted in its present form by the Department of American Studies as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date_________________ __________________________________ Robert Lee, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date_________________ __________________________________ Ralph Rodriguez, Reader Date_________________ __________________________________ Naoko Shibusawa, Reader Approved by the Graduate Council Date_________________ __________________________________ Peter Weber, Dean of the Graduate School iii CURRICULUM VITAE Jessica Johnson was born in Wichita, Kansas on July 17, 1981. She received a Bachelor of Arts in History and Chemistry from the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities in 2003 and a Master of Arts in Public Humanities from Brown University in 2006. As a doctoral student at Brown University, she worked on public history projects at the Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology, the John Nicholas Brown Center and the Smithsonian Institution. She also coordinated programs for the Sarah Doyle Women’s Center and taught several undergraduate courses. Johnson’s work has been supported by the Joukowsky Family Foundation Presidential Dissertation Fellowship and the Mary L.S. Downes Dissertation Fellowship from Brown University; the Myrna F. Bernath Fellowship from the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations; and the Andrew Mellon Fellowship in Humanistic Studies from the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation. She has been a dissertation fellow at the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity in America and a faculty fellow at Wheaton College in Norton, Massachusetts. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS “Writing a novel is a terrible experience, during which the hair often falls out and the teeth decay. I'm always irritated by people who imply that writing fiction is an escape from reality. It is a plunge into reality and it’s very shocking to the system.” – Flannery O’Connor, Mystery and Manners This dissertation is not a work of fiction, at least to the best of my knowledge. Yet Flannery O’Connor’s words nonetheless ring true. Writing a dissertation is a terrible experience. I begin my acknowledgements by acknowledging and honoring this truth. For in naming, making sense of, and coming face to face with this terribleness, I not only survived this dissertation, but I grew tremendously as a person. I have the deepest gratitude to the constellation of friends, colleagues, and communities who were there for me during this process. This constellation is vast. Wendy Lee gave great advice. Amanda Katz got me out of the office and into a canoe. Cynthia Ellis saw me and helped me see myself. Hollis Mickey was a wise and generous friend and teacher. Renee Evans made a secret and magical world with me. Angela Mazaris, Liza Burbank, Thomas Chen, Sara Matthiesen, and Sarah Wald were extraordinary colleagues in the Brown University Department of American Studies, as well as dear friends and persons who I admire very much. Gwen, John, and Vera Dane were so much fun. Liz Tomsich and Miranda O’Hayer were like sisters. Ashley Trull, Azar Trull, Kerry Bergin and the WTGQ Caucus showed me a different way of listening, feeling, and caring in the world. Mireya Loza, Alma Carrillo, v Jin Suk Bae, Jasmine Tang, and Julia Timpe were among my first family in Providence. Scratch Farm and everyone on it provided vital community during the last months of this project. More than just brilliant scholars, the members of my dissertation committee were laid back, personable, supportive, and compassionate. They believed in this project and they believed in me. Thank you Robert Lee, Naoko Shibusawa, and Ralph Rodriguez. If I could add two lines to the signature page, Susan Smulyan’s and Gail Cohee’s names would also appear there. Their mentorship was invaluable. Steve Lubar and Evelyn Hu- DeHart offered critical support at critical moments. Erika Lee was my first mentor and teacher and an exemplary one. Naia Cucukov introduced me to the history of the Kalmyk DPs through her 2003 student documentary The Haven – Revisited. Eli Feiman, Amanda Katz, Ani Mukherji, Julia Timpe, and Silja Maehl translated faded, hand-written letters from French, German, and Russian into a language I could read. The Department of American Studies, the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity in America, and the Sarah Doyle Women’s Center offered sustaining intellectual community. The Joukowsky Family Foundation, the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations, and the Woodrow Wilson National Fellowship Foundation provided essential funding for this research. Archivists at the Brethren Library and Historical Society, the Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library, the Harry S. Truman Library, the Immigration History Research Center, the National Archives, the New Mexico State University Library, the New York University Tamiment Library, and the Presbyterian Historical Society helped me to navigate the maze of archival research. The staff at the Rockefeller Library circulation desk, especially Roland vi Harper, Jennifer Kennedy, and Jennifer Martenson, went above and beyond. So did many other Brown staff, particularly Patricia Balsofiore, Jeff Cabral, Carole Costello, and Jean Wood. So many others have done so much. With much gratitude to everyone—friends, mentors, colleagues, and confidants, including those whose names I may have neglected to mention: Ghada AbdelQader, Jack Amoureux, Devon Anderson, Claire Andrade- Watkins, Horace Ballard, Patricia Balsofiore, Sasha Berkoff, Susanna Bohme, James Campbell, Clarissa Ceglio, Joe Gin Clark, Andrew Cook, Janet Cooper-Nelson, Abe Dane, Jan Faust Dane, Matthew Delmont, Sean Dinces, Pier Dominguez, Julia Drew, Bev Ehrich, Jennifer Eyl, Caroline Frank, Sara Fingal, Stephanie Fortunado, Elena Gonzales, Lizzy Gore, Jonathan Hagel, Sandra Haley, Laura Hess, Megan Hinton, Benjamin Holtzman, Elizabeth Hoover, Andrew Hund, Melanie Kohnen, Karl Jacoby, Sheyda Jahanbani, Hilary Kaplan, Majida Kargbo, Eric Larson, Erika Lee, Heather Lee, Jooyoung Lee, Sanford Lee, Karen Lepri, Hilda Lloréns, Patrick Malone, Derek Matteson, Emily McCartan, Gabriel Mendes, Katie Miller, Chana Morgenstern, Laura Mulley, Crystal Ngo, Jonathan Olly, Azareen Van der Vliet Oloomi, Patricia Perea, Leah Perry, Nicole Restaino, Annette Rodriguez, John Rogers, Gabriel Rosenberg, Malgorzata Rymsza-Pawlowska, Felicia Salinas, Robert Self, Katerina Seligmann, Derek Seidman, Sarah Seidman, Rowan Sharp, Aiko Takeuchi, Aslihan Tokgoz, Kathryn Tomasek, Tam Tran, Anne Valk, Molly Wallace, and Miel Wilson. Finally, I thank my parents and my sisters for their love and for their commitment to each other and to me. Mary Johnson, Matt Johnson, Ali Johnson and Emily Stump: this project is from you and it is for you. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 An Introduction from the Margins UNIT ONE Kalmyk Resettlement, 1951-1952 Chapter One 45 A Planned Migration: Purposes, Priorities, and Power Dynamics during the Planning Period Chapter Two 92 Placing Refugee Workers: Kalmyk Resettlement in Practice UNIT TWO The Social Movement for DP Admissions, 1946-1948 Chapter Three 132 Refugee Advocates and the Promotion of Refugee Admissions as a Labor Importation Chapter Four 171 Maids and Farmhands: The Construction of Refugee Resettlement as an Endeavor to Force DPs’ Assimilation, Exploit their Labors, and Exclude Jews UNIT THREE The Legal Acrobatics of an Obfuscated Labor Migration: The 1948 Displaced Persons Act Chapter Five 211 Workers by Law: A Multifunctional Labor Migration Chapter Six 241 Constitutive Connections: Patriarchal Families, Moral Economies, Religious Work/ers, and the DP Labor Migration UNIT FOUR Policy through Practice: Administering Resettlement, 1948-1952 Chapter Seven 290 By the End and From the Start, a Story of Structural Choices: Federal and State DPCs Orchestrate the DP Labor Migration Conclusion 327 Another Labor of Refuge Bibliography 331 viii INTRODUCTION An Introduction from the Margins In late November of 1951, the first group of Kalmyk refugees bound for the United States finally received their embarkation notices. The displaced persons camps where they had lived since the end of World War II were to close in just a few weeks, and at the turn of the New Year, those who had not resettled elsewhere would be left to fend for themselves in post-World War II Germany. Among this first group of just over 100 persons were Bembe and Eketarina Atschinow and their fourteen-year-old son Stewa. Originally from Russia, the Atschinows were living in Belgrade, Yugoslavia before World War II, and during the German occupation, they were deported to Austria as forced laborers in a Linz factory. Also receiving an embarkation notice was Mashla Ashtanow, a 34-year-old man from the Astrakhan region of Russia who had been taken to Germany in 1943 as a forced laborer on a German farm. During the war, Ashtanow’s legs were so badly frozen that he afterwards spent a year and half in a hospital.1 1 “Application for Immigration Visa
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Public Use Microdata Sample, Guam 2000 Issued May 2004 2000 Census of Population and Housing PUMS/02-GUAM
    Public Use Microdata Sample, Guam 2000 Issued May 2004 2000 Census of Population and Housing PUMS/02-GUAM Technical Documentation U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU For additional information concerning the files, contact Marketing Services Office, Customer Services Center, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233 or phone 301-763-INFO (4636). For additional information concerning the technical documentation, contact Administrative and Customer Services Division, Electronic Products Development Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233 or phone 301-763-8004. U.S. Census Bureau Public Use Microdata Sample, Guam 2000 Issued May 1004 2000 Census of Population and Housing PUMS/02-GUAM Technical Documentation U.S. Department of Commerce Donald L. Evans, Secretary Samuel W. Bodman, Deputy Secretary Economics and Statistics Administration Kathleen B. Cooper, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs U.S. CENSUS BUREAU Charles Louis Kincannon, Director SUGGESTED CITATION FILES: Census 2000, Public Use Microdata Sample, (PUMS), Guam, prepared by the U.S. Census Bureau, 2003 TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION: Census 2000, Public Use Microdata Sample, (PUMS), Guam, Technical Documentation, prepared by the ECONOMICS U.S. Census Bureau, 2003 AND STATISTICS ADMINISTRATION Economics and Statistics Administration Kathleen B. Cooper, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs U.S. CENSUS BUREAU Cynthia Z.F. Clark, Charles Louis Kincannon, Associate Director for Methodology and Director Standards Hermann Habermann, Marvin D. Raines, Deputy Director and Associate Director Chief Operating Officer for Field Operations Vacant, Arnold A. Jackson, Principal Associate Director Assistant Director and Chief Financial Officer for Decennial Census Vacant, Principal Associate Director for Programs Preston Jay Waite, Associate Director for Decennial Census Nancy M.
    [Show full text]
  • A Nazi War Criminal As a Standard Bearer for Gender Equality? the Strange Saga of Johann Breyer
    William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice Volume 10 (2003-2004) Issue 2 William & Mary Journal of Women and Article 5 the Law February 2004 A Nazi War Criminal as a Standard Bearer for Gender Equality? The Strange Saga of Johann Breyer Michael M. Pavlovich Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Military, War, and Peace Commons Repository Citation Michael M. Pavlovich, A Nazi War Criminal as a Standard Bearer for Gender Equality? The Strange Saga of Johann Breyer, 10 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 319 (2004), https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol10/iss2/5 Copyright c 2004 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl A NAZI WAR CRIMINAL AS A STANDARD BEARER FOR GENDER EQUALITY? - THE STRANGE SAGA OF JOHANN BREYER The modern judicial system's willingness to shield American women from any form of invidious gender-based discrimination and to demand the equal protection of the laws for all, is perhaps best evidenced by a recent courageous decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, Breyer v. Meissner.' In this decision, the court upheld the claim of Johann Breyer, an admitted Nazi war criminal who had persecuted thousands in the hellish concentration camps of the Second World War, to American citizenship through his American-born mother. The Third Circuit ruled that two Acts of Congress unconstitutionally discriminated against an American-born woman on the basis of her gender, with the effect of depriving her son of American citizenship at birth.2 The first act, Section 1993 of the Revised Statutes of 1874,' allowed only American citizen fathers to pass their citizenship to their offspring born abroad, while preventing American citizen mothers from doing the same.
    [Show full text]
  • Liberty, Restriction, and the Remaking of Italians and Eastern European Jews
    "Liberty, Restriction, and the Remaking of Italians and Eastern European Jews, (1882-1965)" By Maddalena Marinari University of Kansas, 2009 B.A. Istituto Universitario Orientale Submitted to the Department of History and the Faculty of The Graduate School of the University Of Kansas in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________________ Dr. Jeffrey Moran, Chair __________________________________________ Dr. Donna Gabaccia __________________________________________ Dr. Sheyda Jahanbani __________________________________________ Dr. Roberta Pergher __________________________________________ Dr. Ruben Flores Date Defended: 14 December 2009 The Dissertation Committee for Maddalena Marinari certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: "Liberty, Restriction, and the Remaking of Italians and Eastern European Jews, (1882-1965)" Committee: __________________________________________ Dr. Jeffrey Moran, Chair __________________________________________ Dr. Donna Gabaccia __________________________________________ Dr. Sheyda Jahanbani __________________________________________ Dr. Roberta Pergher __________________________________________ Dr. Ruben Flores Date Approved: 14 December 2009 2 Table of Contents Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………….3 Chapter 1: From Unwanted to Restricted (1890-1921) ………………………………………...17 Chapter 2: "The doors of America are worse than shut when they are half-way open:" The Fight against the Johnson-Reed Immigration
    [Show full text]
  • CORE STRENGTH WITHIN MONGOL DIASPORA COMMUNITIES Archaeological Evidence Places Early Stone Age Human Habitation in the Southern
    CORE STRENGTH WITHIN MONGOL DIASPORA COMMUNITIES Archaeological evidence places early Stone Age human habitation in the southern Gobi between 100,000 and 200,000 years ago 1. While they were nomadic hunter-gatherers it is believed that they migrated to southern Asia, Australia, and America through Beringia 50,000 BP. This prehistoric migration played a major role in fundamental dispersion of world population. As human migration was an essential part of human evolution in prehistoric era the historical mass dispersions in Middle Age and Modern times brought a significant influence on political and socioeconomic progress throughout the world and the latter has been studied under the Theory of Diaspora. This article attempts to analyze Mongol Diaspora and its characteristics. The Middle Age-Mongol Diaspora started by the time of the Great Mongol Empire was expanding from present-day Poland in the west to Korea in the east and from Siberia in the north to the Gulf of Oman and Vietnam in the south. Mongols were scattered throughout the territory of the Great Empire, but the disproportionately small number of Mongol conquerors compared with the masses of subject peoples and the change in Mongol cultural patterns along with influence of foreign religions caused them to fell prey to alien cultures after the decline of the Empire. As a result, modern days Hazara communities in northeastern Afghanistan and a small group of Mohol/Mohgul in India, Daur, Dongxiang (Santa), Monguor or Chagaan Monggol, Yunnan Mongols, Sichuan Mongols, Sogwo Arig, Yugur and Bonan people in China are considered as descendants of Mongol soldiers, who obeyed their Khaan’s order to safeguard the conquered area and waited in exceptional loyalty.
    [Show full text]
  • N.I.Il`Minskii and the Christianization of the Chuvash
    Durham E-Theses Narodnost` and Obshchechelovechnost` in 19th century Russian missionary work: N.I.Il`minskii and the Christianization of the Chuvash KOLOSOVA, ALISON,RUTH How to cite: KOLOSOVA, ALISON,RUTH (2016) Narodnost` and Obshchechelovechnost` in 19th century Russian missionary work: N.I.Il`minskii and the Christianization of the Chuvash, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11403/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 1 Narodnost` and Obshchechelovechnost` in 19th century Russian missionary work: N.I.Il`minskii and the Christianization of the Chuvash PhD Thesis submitted by Alison Ruth Kolosova Material Abstract Nikolai Il`minskii, a specialist in Arabic and the Turkic languages which he taught at the Kazan Theological Academy and Kazan University from the 1840s to 1860s, became in 1872 the Director of the Kazan Teachers‟ Seminary where the first teachers were trained for native- language schools among the Turkic and Finnic peoples of the Volga-Urals and Siberia.
    [Show full text]
  • Kalmyk-Oirat Mongolia
    UUPG Kalmyk-Oirat in Mongolia People Name Kalmyk-Oirat Country Mongolia Status Unengaged Unreached Population 178,000 Language Mongolian, Halh Religion Ethnic Religions Written Scripture Yes Oral Scripture No Jesus Film Yes Gospel Recordings Yes Christ Followers No Map: Mongolian Traditional Costumes Churches No "Therefore beseech the Lord of the harvest Workers Needed 3 to send out workers into His harvest." Workers Reported 0 Copyright © Asia Harvest INTRODUCTION / HISTORY except for one small area in the back that is low life expectancy, and persistence of The Kalmyk are Mongolian in origin. In the reserved for a ponytail. diseases like tuberculosis. 16th century, the Kalmyk, or Oirat, left their homeland, now known as areas of Oral history in an important part of Kalmyk PRAYER POINTS northwest China, to avoid political and culture. It is traditionally recited by a poet * Ask the Holy Spirit to soften the hearts of economic pressures. They had hopes of and accompanied by a two stringed lute the Kalmyk people so that they will be settling in the rich pastures of the northern called a dombr. Favorite past-times include receptive to the love of Jesus. Causasus Mountains. storytelling and singing. * Pray that God will free the Kalmyk from In 1771, the majority of the Oirat decided WHAT ARE THEIR BELIEFS? occultism and their belief in evil spirits. to move back to their homeland in order to In the late 1500s, the Kalmyk adopted escape the Russian dictatorship, but only a Tibetan Buddhism. Many were later forced * Pray that God will grant wisdom and favor few survived the long journey.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aftermath of Nuremberg . . . the Problems of Suspected War
    NYLS Journal of Human Rights Volume 6 Article 8 Issue 2 Volume VI, Part Two, Spring 1989 1989 The Aftermath of Nuremberg . The rP oblems of Suspected War Criminals in America Natalie J. Sobchak Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/journal_of_human_rights Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Sobchak, Natalie J. (1989) "The Aftermath of Nuremberg . The rP oblems of Suspected War Criminals in America," NYLS Journal of Human Rights: Vol. 6 : Iss. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/journal_of_human_rights/vol6/iss2/8 This Notes and Comments is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@NYLS. It has been accepted for inclusion in NYLS Journal of Human Rights by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@NYLS. THE AFrERMATH OF NUREMBERG... THE PROBLEMS OF SUSPECTED WAR CRIMINALS IN AMERICA L INTODUCrON Treblinka. Auschwitz. Sobibor. The mere mention of these places and others like them is a devastating reminder of the ultimate experience in human suffering. These were a few of the many concentration camps -- death camps -- designed to carry out Hitler's Final Solution: to exterminate as many Jews, Slavs, Gypsies, and Homosexuals as possible and create a supreme Aryan' society. Millions upon millions of innocent civilians would suffer miserable deaths before the liberation would come.2 Who were these per- secutors? While the Nazis3 devised "the plan," supplied the materials and man-power to build the camps, and supervised these atrocities, only a few of the death camps were actually located in Germany. The camps were situated in various Slavic countries which had capitulated under Nazi onslaught.' To assist them in their crimes, the Nazis obtained the cooperation of some of the local people and prisoners of war.' Whether their participation was voluntary or not, 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the American Committee on Italian Migration Records CMS.001
    Guide to the American Committee on Italian Migration Records CMS.001 This finding aid was produced using the Archivists' Toolkit July 25, 2014 Describing Archives: A Content Standard Center for Migration Studies May 20, 1974 Guide to the American Committee on Italian Migration Records CMS.0 Table of Contents Summary Information ................................................................................................................................. 3 Biographical/Historical note.......................................................................................................................... 5 Scope and Contents note............................................................................................................................... 5 Arrangement note...........................................................................................................................................6 Administrative Information .........................................................................................................................6 Related Materials ........................................................................................................................................ 7 Controlled Access Headings..........................................................................................................................7 Other Finding Aids note................................................................................................................................8 Collection Inventory.....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Peacetime Demographic Crisis
    the national bureau of asian research nbr project report | may 2010 russia’s peacetime demographic crisis: Dimensions, Causes, Implications By Nicholas Eberstadt ++ The NBR Project Report provides access to current research on special topics conducted by the world’s leading experts in Asian affairs. The views expressed in these reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of other NBR research associates or institutions that support NBR. The National Bureau of Asian Research is a nonprofit, nonpartisan research institution dedicated to informing and strengthening policy. NBR conducts advanced independent research on strategic, political, economic, globalization, health, and energy issues affecting U.S. relations with Asia. Drawing upon an extensive network of the world’s leading specialists and leveraging the latest technology, NBR bridges the academic, business, and policy arenas. The institution disseminates its research through briefings, publications, conferences, Congressional testimony, and email forums, and by collaborating with leading institutions worldwide. NBR also provides exceptional internship opportunities to graduate and undergraduate students for the purpose of attracting and training the next generation of Asia specialists. NBR was started in 1989 with a major grant from the Henry M. Jackson Foundation. Funding for NBR’s research and publications comes from foundations, corporations, individuals, the U.S. government, and from NBR itself. NBR does not conduct proprietary or classified research. The organization undertakes contract work for government and private-sector organizations only when NBR can maintain the right to publish findings from such work. To download issues of the NBR publications, please visit the NBR website http://www.nbr.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Displaced Persons Act of 1948
    62 STAT.] 80TH CONG., 2D SESS.-CHS. 646, 647-JUNE 25, 1948 1009 SCHEDULE OF LAWS REPEALED-Continued Statutes at Large U. S. Code Date Chapter Title Section Volume Page Title Section 6 0 4 1947-July 9 -..- 211 II (part) - - 61 ' 290 28 a Do 211 IV (part) 61 "303 28 296a Do..... 211 IV (part) ...--- - 61 53 304 28 412a Do....- 211 IV (part) ---- 61 "304,305 28 374b Do --- 211 IV (part) ---- ---- 61 "a 306 28 530 Statutes at Large U. S. Code Date Chapter Section Volume Page Title Section 1947-July 11- ------ 224 -------. 61 310 28 184 July 23 -- - 300 1, 2 61 409 28 374c, 374d Aug.1 - 44 1 61 722 28 931 United States Code Title Section 17 101 (f) 17 102 17 103 17 110 17 111 a. Third proviso in the paragraph commencing "Fees of witnesses" appearing on this page. ", First proviso in the paragraph headed "United States Customs Court" appearing on this page. 3 Only the following words in the sixth full paragraph appearing on this page: "$5 per day, not exceeding three4 days for any one term of court". The two provisos in the paragraph commencing near the bottom of page 304 and ending on page 306. " All of the second paragraph appearing on this page. Approved June 25, 1948, 12:25 p. m., E. D. T. [CHAPTER 647] AN ACT June 25. 1948 authorize for a limited period of time the admission into the United States of [S. 22421 To Law 774] certain European displaced persons for permanent residence, and for other [Public purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Progression of 20Th Century Immigration Law and The
    1 When Law Labels Bandits: The Progression of 20th Century Immigration Law and the Italian Community’s Response, 1919-1965 A Senior Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with research distinction in History in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Brian Francesco Jordan The Ohio State University June 2012 Project Advisor: Professor Donna J. Guy, Department of History 2 Dedicated to: My grandparents, Frank D. and Joanne M. Casali, My great-grandparents Domenica and Domenico Casali and to the rest of my family. A Special Thanks: I would like to thank Professor Donna Guy for mentoring me throughout this research project, for assisting me in applying for an honors travel grant to perform archival research at the University of Minnesota Immigration History Research Center and for providing extensive editing and feedback on this thesis. This project would not have been possible without the excellent guidance and assistance from Professor Guy, which began during my second year at Ohio State. I would also like to thank Professor Judy Wu for agreeing to serve on my defense committee and providing her extensive feedback and editing. Moreover, I would like to thank Professor David Steigerwald for agreeing to serve on my committee and for reviewing my thesis. Finally, I would like to thank the members of the University of Minnesota Immigration History Research Center in allowing me to conduct research at their facility and providing assistance during my research. 3 Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………….4 Chapter 1……………………………………………………………………… 9 -Background: Law as a Barrier………………………………………….. 11 -The Johnson-Reed Act…...……………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • United States Newspaper Program. List of Intended Audience Terms for 655 Genre Field
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 272 212 IR 051 586 TITLE United States Newspaper Program. List of Intended Audience Terms for 655 Genre Field. INSTITUTION Wisconsin State Historical Society, Madison. PUB DTL Jun 86 NOTE 14p. AVAILABLE FROMState Historical Society of Wisconsin, 816 State Street, Attn: Newspapers, Madison, WI 53706 ($5.00). PUB TYPE Reference Materials - Vocabularies /Classifications /Dictionaries (134) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Cultural Background; *Ethnic Groups; Ethnic Origins; Library Cooperation; Local History; National Programs; *Newspapers; *Religion; *Religious Cultural Groups; *Subject Index Terms ABSTRACT The United States Newspaper Program (USNP) isa national, cooperative effort to locate, catalog, andpreserve on microfilm newspapers published in the United States and its territories since the seventeenth century. This list of intended-audience terms was initially developed by the USNP staff at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, but soongrew to include terms submitted by other national repository projects and later by state projects. The goal in producing the list was to createa thesaurus for the USNP that would allow users of the database to access specialty newspapers by their particular characteristic. The terms on the list were derived from a variety of sources familiar to staff at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin from their earlier bibliographic work. Terms are listed alphabetically under three major subject headings: (1) Ethnic Terms; (2) Religious Terms; and (3) Other Terms. (THC)
    [Show full text]