Nicolae Steinhardt De Eugen Simion

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Nicolae Steinhardt De Eugen Simion 1-2 (231-232) / 2007 ISSN 1220 -6350 9 771220 635006 Fragmente critice Nicolae Steinhardt de Eugen Simion NicolaeI liescu în dialog cu Traian T. Coºovei Ţepeneag '70 Carnet parizian Societatea «de consumaþie» de Virgil Tănase ªtiinþãş i filosofie O lecþie uitatã... de Viorel Barbu Întâlniri de destin Undiplomat după gratii:Vasile Stoica de Alexandru Zub Cultură şi economie Creşş tinism i dezvoltare economică de V.Ioan-FrancN.P& op CUPRINS FRAGMENTE CRITICE Eugen SIMION: Nicolae Steinhardt . 3 CRONICI LITERARE Andrei MILCA: Un rãspuns sau cum "societatea civilã" naºte monºtri… . 12 DOSAR EMINESCU Nicolae GEORGESCU: "Poezii nepublicate, de intercalat, nu am...". 15 Felix NICOLAU: Contextul poetic românesc din a doua jumãtate a secolului al XIX-lea . 22 George LATEª: Mihai Eminescu: ciclul schillerian . 30 Lucian CHIªU: Prin Bucureºti . 33 CONVORBIRI Nicolae Iliescu în dialog cu Traian T. Coºovei: “Noi nu punem pe cruci decât anii în care oamenii au fost fericiþi!” . 36 ESEURI AUTOBIOGRAFICE George C. BASILIADE: O legendã adevãratã: Pãstorel Teodoreanu (II). 40 COMENTARII Antonio PATRAª: Nobleþea datoriei . 50 Nicoleta CRÂNGARU: Iluzia înþelegerii fantastice ºi absurdul rãtãcirii . 54 ATITUDINI Adrian-Paul ILIESCU: Patru explozii de intransigenþã istericoidã (II) . 60 NEGRU PE ALB Nicolae ILIESCU: Mumu . 69 L’Alger: Ghidul cititorului ferice . 72 1 ÞEPENEAG ‘70 Eugen SIMION: Portretul unui eretic de stânga . 73 D. ÞEPENEAG: Autorul ºi personajele sale . 76 Epistolar – Eugen Simion, Monica Lovinescu ºi Virgil Ierunca, Gabriel Dimisianu, Ion Vartic, Marian Victor Buciu, Octavian Soviany, Nicolae Bârna, Livius Ciocârlie. 79 MIRCEA MICU ‘70 Andrei MILCA: Cãlãtorul nostalgic . 88 LITERATURà STRÃINà Corina PANAITOPOL: Reversibilitatea rolurilor în biografia contemporanã . 90 CARNET PARIZIAN Virgil TÃNASE: Societatea «de consumaþie» . 94 ªTIINÞà ªI FILOSOFIE Viorel BARBU: O lecþie uitatã: Verdun 1916 . 96 ÎNTÂLNIRI DE DESTIN Alexandru ZUB: Un diplomat dupã gratii: Vasile Stoica . 98 CULTURà ªI ECONOMIE Napoleon POP& Valeriu IOAN-FRANC: Creºtinism ºi dezvoltare economicã (I) ............101 MASS-MEDIA Maria MOLDOVEANU: "Industriile" comunicãrii (II) ...........................................................117 ARTà ªI SPECTACOLE Dana DUMA: Descoperiri latino-americane la Toulouse.......................................................123 Adriana-Carolina BULZ: Eugene O’Neill – un "star" anglo-saxon pe scena româneascã ...............................................................................................126 Cãlin CÃLIMAN: De la „Ciocoii noi cu bodyguard" la „Ticãloºii" ......................................130 Marin STOIAN: Horia Bernea pentru posteritate ...................................................................133 Ilustrãm acest numãr cu lucrãri ale artistului plastic Horia Bernea 2 Fragmente critice Eugen SIMION Nicolae Steinhardt* STEINHARDT, Nicolae (Nicu-Aurelian; îl viziteazã ºi în afara ºedinþelor de dumi- 12.VII.1912, Com. Pantelimon – 29.III.1989, nicã, de pildã la 18 martie 1937 când, zice Baia Mare) eseist, diarist, critic literar, teo- E. Lovinescu, vine „cu niºte poezii a unuia log. Tatãl sãu, inginerul ºi arhitectul Oscar din Giurgiu“. Peste oarecare vreme, S. inter- Steinhardt, conducea o fabricã de cherestea vine „pentru un rus (scandal politic)“. Am- ºi mobilã în aceastã comunã (Pantelimon) fitrionul Cenaclului are ºi un mic incident situatã la periferia Bucureºtilor. Luase parte, telefonic cu inginerul Steinhardt ºi avocatul ca ofiþer în rezervã, la primul rãzboi mon- Velescu – „pentru cele cinci volume Maio- dial, fusese rãnit la Mãrãºeºti ºi decorat cu rescu“. Rezolvã cu bine incidentul. Ingi- „Virtutea militarã“. O ramurã a familie nerul Steinhardt este, se ºtie, tatãl lui S. Steinhardt se înrudeºte cu Freud, creatorul (Anthistius). În sept. 1939, S. se întoarce de psihanalizei. S. urmeazã clasele primare la Paris ºi-l viziteazã pe E. Lovinescu, acasã, apoi la ªcoala „Clementa“ din Bu- dovadã cã acesta noteazã faptul în Agendã. cureºti (unde se mutase familia), iar studiile În oct. acelaºi an, criticul îi oferã romanele liceale le face la „Spiru Haret“, liceu reputat, Mili ºi Acord final. În mai 1940, S. participã care numãra atunci printre elevii sãi pe la o discuþie în casa lui Lovinescu despre Mircea Eliade ºi Constantin Noica. De con- politicã, laolaltã cu H. Papadat-Bengescu, fesiune mozaicã, S. urmeazã (singurul din- Dinu Nicodin, Sanda Movilã, D. Carbea ºi, tre cei patru elevi izraeliþi) cursurile de reli- cu aceastã ocazie, Dinu Nicodin „se demas- gie creºtinã din ºcoalã cu preotul Gheorghe cã filogermen“. „Mari discuþii“ – zice amfi- Georgescu de la Biserica Sfântul Silvestru. trionul Sburãtorului. În august 1940, criticul Printre colegii de liceu se aflã ºi Al. Paleo- se aflã la Braºov ºi ia dejunul la „ARO“ cu S. logu, Dinu Pillat, Alexandru Ciorãnescu, ºi Lola Romano. Relaþiile, cum se vede, sunt Marcel Avramescu, Haig ºi Arºavir Acte- cordiale chiar ºi în aceastã istorie imposi- rian. S. trece examenul de bacalaureat în bilã. S. este primit prieteneºte la „Sburã- 1929 ºi se înscrie la Facultatea de Drept ºi torul“ ºi el însuºi cautã compania spiritelor Litere din Bucureºti pe care o absolvã în democratice într-o istorie altminteri, plinã 1934. Frecventeazã, din 1934, Cenaclul de discriminãri aberante. Sburãtorul. E. Lovinescu înregistreazã în Din Agende aflãm cã, la 24 nov. 1941, Lo- vol. IV din Agende literare, 16 noiembrie vinescu îi expediazã Agua forte... Athistius 1934, apariþia lui „Steinhardt – Anthistius este numele unui personaj din Caracterele lui cu cartea lui de parodii“, iar peste douã zile La Bruyère, iar În genul tinerilor este vorba (18 nov.) prezenþa lui Anthistius la ºedinþa de un numãr de pastiºe, parodii dupã de dumincã. La 16 dec. 1934, aflãm tot din Eliade, Cioran, Noica... Autorul le va repu- Agende literare, Anthistius (pseudonimul dia mai târziu, socotindu-le neserioase. Co- debutantului Steinhardt) „citeºte o parodie laboreazã din 1936 la „Revista Fundaþiilor cu succes“. Participarea lui la Sburãtorul Regale“ (un articol despre Proust), apoi la este marcatã de Lovinescu ºi în anii urmã- „Libertatea“, „Universul literar“, „Viaþa tori, pânã în 1940-1941. Tânãrul Anthistius Româneascã“. În colaborare cu prietenul *Text destinat Dicþionarului General al Literaturii Române (vol. VII). 3 Eugen Simion sãu Emanuel Neuman (evocat, sub numele simbolic Manole, în Jurnalul fericirii) publicã eseul teologic: Essai sur la conception catholique du Judaiisme (1935), iar în 1937 un alt eseu, Illusion et réalités juives. Susþine teza de doctorat în 1936 cu studiul Principiile cla- sice ºi noile tendinþe ale dreptului constituþio- nal. Critica operei lui Léon Duguit. Face cãlã- torii de studii în Elveþia, Austria, Franþa ºi Anglia. În 1939 intrã, la recomandarea lui Camil Petrescu, în redacþia „Revistei Fun- daþiilor Regale“, iar peste un an va fi „epu- rat“ împreunã cu Vladimir Streinu ºi alþi critici. Revine în redacþie în 1944. Despre biografia lui în timpul rãzboiului, S. va scrie într-o Autobiografie din 1987: „Reîntors în þarã, nu am avut de suferit ca evreu, tatãl meu încetãþenit prin lege individualã votatã de Parlament ºi ofiþer de rezervã, fiind socotit «erou din categoria a doua», care ne punea la adãpost de mãsuri vexatorii; ar fi cu toate acestea fãþãrnicie din partea mea dacã nu aº recunoaºte cã mãsurile luate cu privire la evrei nu m-au întristat, dându-mi seama cã guvernul þãrii – date fiind împre- jurãrile – nu putea proceda altfel ºi admi- rând curajul ºi mãrinimia sa în refuzul de a rime. Studiazã cu atenþie literatura patris- da ascultare ordinelor venite din exterior, ticã ºi filosofia creºtinã, ºi dupã o vreme, se care cereau imperios executarea populaþiei simte apt pentru convertire: „Eram, în reali- evreieºti; afecþiunea mea pentru neamul tate, apt pentru botez, - zice el în confe- românesc s-a întãrit“. Regimul comunist nu siunea cititã mai sus, - îmi lipseau numai se aratã deloc blând cu S. E dat afarã din curajul ºi hotãrârea de a face pasul final. casã ºi din barou. ªovãiam, mi-era ruºine, diavolul mã ispitea În Autobiografia citatã scriitorul noteazã: cu frica, smerenia, slãbiciunea; mã pãstram „Greu m-am împãcat cu regimul introdus în în starea aceea confuzã dintre dorinþã ºi pa- toamna anului 1947. Mulþumesc lui Dum- nicã, prielnicã lenei ºi tergiversãrii. Mi-era ºi nezeu cã mi-a dat destulã voinþã ºi destulã teamã, mã ºtiam foarte necurat. Domnul luciditate pentru a nu mã lãsa prins în cap- lucreazã însã în chip tainic ºi umblã pe cãi canã de ademenirile acestui nou regim. misterioase“. Amânã, totuºi, acest pas ho- Purtarea majoritãþii coreligionarilor mei tãrâtor pentru viaþa lui spiritualã ºi moralã m-a surprins ºi m-a supãrat, fãceau jocul (botezul va fi sãvârºit de abia în 1960, în unui partid care, de altfel, avea sã se desco- puºcãrie). În sept. 1953, S. viziteazã pe toroseascã repede de ei. Am suferit alãturi Noica la Câmpulung unde filosoful avea de atâþia alþii, am fost dat afarã din casã ºi domiciliu obligatoriu. O prietenie strânsã se barou ºi am dus-o foarte greu din punct de leagã între cineva care cautã, cu ardoare, pe vedere material ºi sufletesc. Am fost ºi Dumnezeu ºi un filosof care crede cã foarte bolnav, vreme îndelungatã“ S. îºi filosofia poate îndrepta lumea. Au o cores- pune mai acut problema religioasã. Se simte pondenþã intensã ºi, când S. va fi arestat, se atras din ce în ce mai mult de ortodoxie, dovedeºte cã scrisorile fuseserã interceptate graþie, între alþii, lui Virgil Cândea – reputat de Securitate. În 1958,
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