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Pakistan: Arrival and Departure
01-2180-2 CH 01:0545-1 10/13/11 10:47 AM Page 1 stephen p. cohen 1 Pakistan: Arrival and Departure How did Pakistan arrive at its present juncture? Pakistan was originally intended by its great leader, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, to transform the lives of British Indian Muslims by providing them a homeland sheltered from Hindu oppression. It did so for some, although they amounted to less than half of the Indian subcontinent’s total number of Muslims. The north Indian Muslim middle class that spearheaded the Pakistan movement found itself united with many Muslims who had been less than enthusiastic about forming Pak- istan, and some were hostile to the idea of an explicitly Islamic state. Pakistan was created on August 14, 1947, but in a decade self-styled field marshal Ayub Khan had replaced its shaky democratic political order with military-guided democracy, a market-oriented economy, and little effective investment in welfare or education. The Ayub experiment faltered, in part because of an unsuccessful war with India in 1965, and Ayub was replaced by another general, Yahya Khan, who could not manage the growing chaos. East Pakistan went into revolt, and with India’s assistance, the old Pakistan was bro- ken up with the creation of Bangladesh in 1971. The second attempt to transform Pakistan was short-lived. It was led by the charismatic Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who simultaneously tried to gain control over the military, diversify Pakistan’s foreign and security policy, build a nuclear weapon, and introduce an economic order based on both Islam and socialism. -
Saudi Arabia.Pdf
A saudi man with his horse Performance of Al Ardha, the Saudi national dance in Riyadh Flickr / Charles Roffey Flickr / Abraham Puthoor SAUDI ARABIA Dec. 2019 Table of Contents Chapter 1 | Geography . 6 Introduction . 6 Geographical Divisions . 7 Asir, the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �7 Rub al-Khali and the Southern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Hejaz, the Western Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �8 Nejd, the Central Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 The Eastern Region � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Topographical Divisions . .. 9 Deserts and Mountains � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �9 Climate . .. 10 Bodies of Water . 11 Red Sea � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Persian Gulf � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Wadis � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Major Cities . 12 Riyadh � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �12 Jeddah � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �13 Mecca � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � -
ECFG-Saudi-Arabia-2020.Pdf
About this Guide This guide is designed to prepare you to deploy to culturally complex environments and achieve mission objectives. The ECFG fundamental information contained within will help you understand the cultural dimension of your assigned location and gain skills necessary for success (Photo: Saudi soldiers perform a traditional dance). Kingdomof Saudi Arabia The guide consists of two parts: Part 1 “Culture General” provides the foundational knowledge you need to operate effectively in any global environment with a focus on the Arab Gulf States. NOTE: While the term Persian Gulf is common in the US, this guide uses the name preferred in the region, the Arabian Gulf. Part 2 “Culture Specific” describes unique cultural features of Saudi society. It applies culture-general concepts to help increase your knowledge of your assigned deployment location. This section is designed to complement other pre- deployment training (Photo: US soldiers dine on a traditional Saudi meal of lamb and rice). For further information, visit the Air Force Culture and Language Center (AFCLC) website at http://culture.af.mil/ or contact the AFCLC Region Team at [email protected]. Disclaimer: All text is the property of the AFCLC and may not be modified by a change in title, content, or labeling. It may be reproduced in its current format with the express permission of the AFCLC. All photography is provided as a courtesy of the US government, Wikimedia, and other sources. GENERAL CULTURE PART 1 – CULTURE GENERAL What is Culture? Fundamental to all aspects of human existence, culture shapes the way humans view life and functions as a tool we use to adapt to our social and physical environments. -
Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Clinical Trials in Saudi Arabia: a Cross- Sectional Study
Open access Original research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031305 on 22 October 2019. Downloaded from Knowledge of and attitudes toward clinical trials in Saudi Arabia: a cross- sectional study Nedal Al-Rawashdeh,1,2,3,4 Rana Damsees,1,2,3,4 Majed Al-Jeraisy,1,3,4 Eman Al Qasim,1,3,4 Ahmad M Deeb 1,3,4 To cite: Al-Rawashdeh N, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Damsees R, Al-Jeraisy M, Objectives Clinical trials (CTs) are considered an et al. Knowledge of and important method for developing new treatments and ► The Saudi public’s knowledge of and attitudes to- attitudes toward clinical trials providing access to potentially effective drugs that are still in Saudi Arabia: a cross- ward clinical trials (CTs) are under-researched. under investigation. Measuring the public’s knowledge sectional study. BMJ Open ► This is the first study to explore the Saudi public’s of and attitudes toward CTs is important for assessing 2019;9:e031305. doi:10.1136/ knowledge and attitudes in terms of the different their readiness for and acceptance of human drug testing, bmjopen-2019-031305 phases of CTs in adult and paediatric populations. which has previously not been assessed in the Kingdom of ► The main limitation is possible selection bias due to ► Prepublication history for Saudi Arabia (KSA). The objective of this study is to explore convenience sampling. this paper is available online. the Saudi public’s knowledge of and attitudes toward CTs To view these files, please visit as well as participation in trials to test new or approved the journal online (http:// dx. -
Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979) Nima Baghdadi Florida International University, [email protected]
Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 3-22-2018 Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979) Nima Baghdadi Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FIDC006552 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Other Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Baghdadi, Nima, "Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979)" (2018). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 3652. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3652 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida DYNAMICS OF IRANIAN-SAU DI RELATIONS IN THE P ERSIAN GULF REGIONAL SECURITY COMPLEX (1920-1979) A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in POLITICAL SCIENCE by Nima Baghdadi 2018 To: Dean John F. Stack Steven J. Green School of International Relations and Public Affairs This dissertation, written by Nima Baghdadi, and entitled Dynamics of Iranian-Saudi Relations in the Persian Gulf Regional Security Complex (1920-1979), having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. __________________________________ Ralph S. Clem __________________________________ Harry D. -
Oman UAE & Arabian Peninsula 5
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 467 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travellers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well-travelled team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to your submissions, we always guarantee that your feed- back goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/ privacy. Kuwaitis and Bahrainis were generous with OUR READERS their time and unfailingly patient with my Many thanks to the travellers who used questions. To Jan – much strength to you the last edition and wrote to us with help- in the days (and hopefully journeys) that ful hints, useful advice and interesting lie ahead. Special, heartfelt thanks to Mari- anecdotes: na, Carlota and Valentina for enduring my Hao Yan, Jens Riiis, Johann Schelesnak, Jonas absences again and again and welcoming me Wernli, Margret van Irsel, Nicole Smoot, Peter home with such love. -
Saudi Arabia
Parcel Post Compendium Online SA - Saudi Arabia Saudi Post SAA Basic Services CARDIT Carrier documents international No transport – origin post 1 Maximum weight limit admitted RESDIT Response to a CARDIT – destination No 1.1 Surface parcels (kg) 30 post 1.2 Air (or priority) parcels (kg) 30 6 Home delivery 2 Maximum size admitted 6.1 Initial delivery attempt at physical Yes delivery of parcels to addressee 2.1 Surface parcels 6.2 If initial delivery attempt unsuccessful, No 2.1.1 2m x 2m x 2m Yes card left for addressee (or 3m length & greatest circumference) 6.3 Addressee has option of paying taxes or Yes 2.1.2 1.5m x 1.5m x 1.5m No duties and taking physical delivery of the (or 3m length & greatest circumference) item 2.1.3 1.05m x 1.05m x 1.05m No 6.4 There are governmental or legally (or 2m length & greatest circumference) binding restrictions mean that there are certain limitations in implementing home 2.2 Air parcels delivery. 2.2.1 2m x 2m x 2m Yes 6.5 Nature of this governmental or legally (or 3m length & greatest circumference) binding restriction. 2.2.2 1.5m x 1.5m x 1.5m No (or 3m length & greatest circumference) 2.2.3 1.05m x 1.05m x 1.05m No 7 Signature of acceptance (or 2m length & greatest circumference) 7.1 When a parcel is delivered or handed over Supplementary services 7.1.1 a signature of acceptance is obtained Yes 3 Cumbersome parcels admitted No 7.1.2 captured data from an identity card are Yes registered 7.1.3 another form of evidence of receipt is No Parcels service features obtained 5 Electronic exchange of information -
Bibliography of Literature-Derived MERS Occurrences
Bibliography of literature-derived MERS occurrences Note: NID is the unique identifier for the Global Health Data Exchanged (GHDx) catalog record representing each publication from which data were extracted. The GHDx can be searched by NID to locate the corresponding record. NID Geography Dataset URL Suggested citation Abroug F, Slim A, Ouanes-Besbes L, Hadj Kacem MA, Dachraoui F, Ouanes I, Lu X, Tao Y, Paden C, Caidi H, Miao C, Al-Hajri MM, Zorraga M, Ghaouar W, BenSalah A, Gerber SI, World Health Organization Global Outbreak Alert and Response 364643 Tunisia Network Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus International Investigation Team. Family cluster of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections, Tunisia, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014; 20(9): 1527-30. Al Ghamdi M, Alghamdi KM, Ghandoora Y, Alzahrani A, Salah F, Alsulami A, Bawayan MF, Vaidya D, Perl TM, Sood G. Treatment outcomes for patients with 365053 Saudi Arabia Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS CoV) infection at a coronavirus referral center in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. BMC Infect Dis. 2016; 16: 174. Al Hammadi ZM, Chu DK, Eltahir YM, Al Hosani F, Al Mulla M, Tarnini W, Hall AJ, Perera RA, Abdelkhalek MM, Peiris JS, Al Muhairi SS, Poon LL. Asymptomatic 364310 Oman MERS-CoV Infection in Humans Possibly Linked to Infected Dromedaries Imported from Oman to United Arab Emirates, May 2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015; 21(12): 2197-200. Al Hosani FI, Pringle K, Al Mulla M, Kim L, Pham H, Alami NN, Khudhair A, Hall AJ, Aden B, El Saleh F, Al Dhaheri W, Al Bandar Z, Bunga S, Abou Elkheir K, Tao Y, United Arab Hunter JC, Nguyen D, Turner A, Pradeep K, Sasse J, Weber S, Tong S, Whitaker BL, 365056 Emirates Haynes LM, Curns A, Gerber SI. -
Historical Dictionary of Saudi Arabia
HISTORICAL DICTIONARY OF SAUDI ARABIA J. E. PETERSON Second Edition – 2003 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY The numbers of entries in the following bibliography, to a certain extent, seem to indicate that a rich body of literature exists on Saudi Arabia. I have made the point elsewhere that the volume of published material on the Arabian Peninsula, including Saudi Arabia, is misleading: While the factual outlines of the development of the seven states are fairly well known, little work has been done to fill in the contours. All too often, new writing consists of a rehash of stories already told, frequently relying on the same secondary sources, or of superficial country surveys prompted by the region's high profile over the last decade or two.1 In many respects, that unevenness of scholarship is reflected in this bibliography: one of the largest of the sections which follow is on the economy. Meanwhile, the literature on anthropology and social issues is embarrassingly slight. Perhaps because of the country's traditional isolation, historical writing on the period between the early centuries of Islam and the modern era is scarce. As a selective bibliography, certain classes of materials either have been excluded or only a small sample included. Arabic language sources are not comprehensive. General rules of inclusion have been to limit the selection to seminal books or those published recently or on topics of recent history. The preponderance of the English language among works in European languages reflects the kingdom's close ties to Britain and the United States. Items in other European languages, particularly French and German, have been included but not as systematically. -
2019 Fulbright Pakistan Fall Seminar Booklet
2019 Fulbright Pakistan Fall Seminar Kansas State University Manhattan, KS October 31 – November 3, 2019 This activity is sponsored by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs as part of the Fulbright Program, the U.S. government’s flagship international exchange program supported by the people of the United States and partner countries around the world. For more information, visit fulbright.state.gov. This activity is administered by the Institute of International Education (IIE). Table of Contents Letter of Welcome 3 Hosts 4 General Information 6 Contact and Emergency Information 7 Agenda Thursday, October 31 8 Friday, November 1 10 Saturday, November 2 13 Departure Information 15 Information on speakers, presenters, and guests 16 Venue Notes 24 List of mentors and participants 25 Note‐taking and reflection space 34 Map of Kansas State Union 47 2 2019 Fulbright Pakistan Fall Workshop Hosted by Kansas State University October 31 – November 3, 2019 Welcome! Congratulations on starting a new chapter in your academic and professional journey. Kansas State University welcomes you to Kansas, the 34th state to join the Union now known as the United States. We hope you will enjoy this three‐day workshop. During your time in Kansas, we will present and discuss issues to enhance your understanding of U.S. culture, especially as evidenced in social movements for change. Additionally, we will provide tools for handling challenges as a graduate student in the U.S. Many issues which arise for international graduate students can be managed with prior preparation. We hope you will take away useful information to ease your transition to your new environment and enhance your confidence. -
Saudi Arabia Pioneering and Leadership
1 2 SAUDI ARABIA PIONEERING AND LEADERSHIP By Khodr Saleh First published in 2001 by THE ARAB WORLD MEDIA CENTER – AUSTRALIA 3 In The Name of God Most Gracious, Most Merciful SAUDI ARABIA PIONEERING AND LEADERSHIP Edited by: Khodr Saleh Updated Edition 2003 First published in 2001 by: THE ARAB WORLD MEDIA CENTER - AUSTRALIA P.O.BOX 766 RIVERWOOD NSW 2210 - SYDNEY - AUSTRALIA ISBN 0646400347 4 Preface By: Khodr Saleh The scene that the Arabic author Amin Elrihani discovered shortly after his first visit to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and his audience with King Abdel-Aziz, was unusual scene. It was as he expressed in one of his essays a total world that needs days and probably months to explore. It was probably similar to the scene I grasped few days after my arrival to Riyadh, the city I visited for the first time. I was invited by the invitation of the high committee chaired by the Governor of Riyadh, Prince Salman ben Abdel-Aziz, for the centennial celebration of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Before I go through the component of this world scenery, I must admit that I arrived to Riyadh holding only this holy vision which every Muslim carries since his birth, for the land of revelation and the birth place of the Prophet’ s mission and the home of the most noble the Prophet. Added to that another traditional vision spread by some media heavily clouded with vagueness and confusion about the land of camels and deserts that suddenly luck smiled on it with wealth and oil. -
Annual Report 2019 1440 - 1441
Annual Report 2019 1440 - 1441 www.mcit.gov.sa Annual Report 2019 Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud 4 5 Annual Report 2019 His Royal Highness Prince Mohammad bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Crown Prince, Deputy Prime Minister & Defense Minister of Saudi Arabia 6 7 Annual Report 2019 Table of Contents Statement by Minister of Communications and Information Technology 10 • Digital Ecosystem Integration 110 Vision of Digital Transformation 14 • E-Government Effectiveness 138 ICT Ecosystem 28 • Telecommunications Sector Transformation 150 • Vision of ICT Sector 31 • Human Capacity Development 152 • Values 32 Developing Technology; Supporting, Stimulating Innovation; Expanding the 164 Market • Executive Summary 33 Regulation of the Postal Sector 178 • ICT Ecosystem 33 • Institutional Excellence 180 • MCIT 34 • Enhancement of Sector’s Regulatory and Legislative Environment 183 • National Digital Transformation Unit (NDU) 35 • MCIT Contribution to Vision 2030 184 E-Government Program (Yesser) 36 • Objectives 188 • National Center for Digital Certification (NCDC) 38 National Transformation Program 2.0 192 • Communications and Information Technology Commission (CITC) 39 Indicators 198 • Saudi Post 41 Initiatives 222 • Digital Transformation 44 International Participations and Events 228 Digital Transformation Ecosystem 46 Appendices 236 Digital Transformation Governance 54 • Appendix (A) - International ICT-related Indicators 239 Digital Transformation Framework 62 • Appendix (B) - Terms and Definitions 246 • Role of ICT Ecosystem in Digital Transformation 64 • Appendix (C) - National Transformation Program’s Initiatives’ Cards 250 • ICT Sector Strategy 78 • Appendix (D) - Proposed MCIT Organizational Chart 256 • Achievements 96 8 9 Annual Report 2019 Foreword In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most and enhanced the Kingdom’s inter- Merciful national presence.