An Indo-Pacific Language in Nepal
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0=AFRICAN Geosector
2= AUSTRALASIA geosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 123 2=AUSTRALASIA geosector édition princeps foundation edition DU RÉPERTOIRE DE LA LINGUASPHÈRE 1999-2000 THE LINGUASPHERE REGISTER 1999-2000 publiée en ligne et mise à jour dès novembre 2012 published online & updated from November 2012 This geosector covers 223 sets of languages (1167 outer languages, composed of 2258 inner languages) spoken or formerly spoken by communities in Australasia in a geographic sequence from Maluku and the Lesser Sunda islands through New Guinea and its adjacent islands, and throughout the Australian mainland to Tasmania. They comprise all languages of Australasia (Oceania) not covered by phylosectors 3=Austronesian or 5=Indo-European. Zones 20= to 24= cover all so-called "Papuan" languages, spoken on Maluku and the Lesser Sunda islands and the New Guinea mainland, which have been previously treated within the "Trans-New Guinea" hypothesis: 20= ARAFURA geozone 21= MAMBERAMO geozone 22= MANDANGIC phylozone 23= OWALAMIC phylozone 24= TRANSIRIANIC phylozone Zones 25= to 27= cover all other so-called "Papuan" languages, on the New Guinea mainland, Bismarck archipelago, New Britain, New Ireland and Solomon islands, which have not been treated within the "Trans-New Guinea" hypothesis: 25= CENDRAWASIH geozone 26= SEPIK-VALLEY geozone 27= BISMARCK-SEA geozone Zones 28= to 29= cover all languages spoken traditionally across the Australian mainland, on the offshore Elcho, Howard, Crocodile and Torres Strait islands (excluding Darnley island), and formerly on the island of Tasmania. An "Australian" hypothesis covers all these languages, excluding the extinct and little known languages of Tasmania, comprising (1.) an area of more diffuse and complex relationships in the extreme north, covered here by geozone 28=, and (2.) a more closely related affinity (Pama+ Nyungan) throughout the rest of Australia, covered by 24 of the 25 sets of phylozone 29=. -
Languages of the World--Indo-Pacific
REPORT RESUMES ED 010 365 48 LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD- -INDO-PACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE. BY- VOEGELIN, FLORENCE M. INDIANA UNIV., BLOOMINGTON REPORT NUMBER NDEA- VI -63-18 PUB DATE DEC 65 CONTRACT OECSAE9468 FORS PRICE MFS0.16 HC -$4.96 124P. ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS, 7(9)/11141 DEC.1965 DESCRIPTORS- *INDO PACIFICLANGUAGES, *LANGUAGES,ARCHIVES OF LANGUAGES OF THE 'WORLD,BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA THE NON-AUSTRONESIANLANGUAGES CENTERIN1 IN NEWGUINEA ARE LISTED AND DESCRIBEDIN THIS REPORT. IN ADDITION, SENTENCE SAMPLERS OF THEUSARUFA AND WANTOATLANGUAGES ARE PROVIDED. (THE REPORT ISPART OF A SERIES, ED 010350 IC ED 010 367.) (JK) trt 63-/f3 U. S. DEPARTMENTOF HEALTH, 1`11 EDUCATION ANDWELFARE Office of Education c'4 This document 5/C- C: has been reproducedexactly ea received person or orgargzation from the °deluging it Pointsct view or opinions stated do net mensal*represent official CZ) pos:then or policy. Ottica at Edu Mon AnthropologicalLinguistics ti Volume 7 Number 9 December 1965 I LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD:-.. INDOPACIFIC FASCICLE FIVE A Publication of the ARCHIVES OF LANGUAGESOF THE WORLD Anthropology Department Indiana University ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS is designedprimarily, but not exclusively, for the immediate publication of data-oriented papers for which attestationis available in the form oftape recordings on deposit in the Archives of Languages of the World.This does not imply that contributorswill be re- stricted to scholars working in tle Archivesat Indiana University; infact, one motivation far the of ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS -
Melanesian Languages on the Edge of Asia: Challenges for the 21St Century
Melanesian Languages on the Edge of Asia: Challenges for the 21st Century edited by Nicholas Evans and Marian Klamer Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 5 PUBLISHED AS A SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION & CONSERVATION LANGUAGE DOCUMENTATION & CONSERVATION Department of Linguistics, UHM Moore Hall 569 1890 East-West Road Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96822 USA http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIʻI PRESS 2840 Kolowalu Street Honolulu, Hawaiʻi 96822-1888 USA © All texts and images are copyright to the respective authors, 2012 All chapters are licensed under Creative Commons Licenses Cover design by Susan Ford incorporating a photograph by Darja Hoenigman Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data ISBN 978-0-9856211-2-4 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4557 Contents Contributors iv 1. Introduction 1 Nicholas Evans and Marian Klamer 2. The languages of Melanesia: Quantifying the level of coverage 13 Harald Hammarström and Sebastian Nordhoff 3. Systematic typological comparison as a tool for investigating 34 language history Ger Reesink and Michael Dunn 4. Papuan-Austronesian language contact: Alorese from an areal 72 perspective Marian Klamer 5. Even more diverse than we had thought: The multiplicity of 109 Trans-Fly languages Nicholas Evans 6. Projecting morphology and agreement in Marori, an isolate of 150 southern New Guinea I Wayan Arka 7. ‘Realis’ and ‘irrealis’ in Wogeo: A valid category? 174 Mats Exter 8. From mountain talk to hidden talk: Continuity and change in 191 Awiakay registers Darja -
Kepunahan Bahasa-Bahasa Daerah: Faktor Penyebab Dan Implikasi Etnolinguistis1
KEPUNAHAN BAHASA-BAHASA DAERAH: FAKTOR PENYEBAB DAN IMPLIKASI ETNOLINGUISTIS1 Fanny Henry Tondo2 Abstract This article tries to explain the language extinction phenomena in Indonesia particularly in accordance with factors that can cause the language extinction and its ethnolinguistic implications. There are some factors that can be identified as the reasons so that many languages are in the threshold of extinction. Those are the effects of major language, bilingual or multilingual community, globalization, migration, intermarriage, natural disaster, lack of appreciation towards ethnic language, lack of communication intensity using ethnic language in many domains, economic, and bahasa. Meanwhile, the language extinction can ethnolinguistically bring some implications. By the extinction of a language it could be the loss of knowledge on the internal aspects of it, that is, its structure. On the other side, it can bring implications to a loss of local knowledge and other cultural wealth of a certain ethnic using the language because they can only be known through the language used by its community, unless the language has been documented and revitalized. Keywords: extinction, ethnic language, ethnolinguistic Pendahuluan Fenomena kepunahan bahasa-bahasa daerah di Indonesia tampaknya telah menjadi persoalan yang cukup menarik perhatian banyak kalangan ilmuwan terutama para linguis. Berbagai upaya telah dan sedang dilakukan dalam rangka menyelamatkan bahasa-bahasa daerah yang cenderung mengarah pada proses kepunahan. Tentu saja 1Tulisan ini merupakan revisi makalah yang pernah dipresentasikan dalam Seminar Intern Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Kebudayaan (PMB)-LIPI pada tanggal 6 September 2007. 2Peneliti pada Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan Kebudayaan (PMB)-LIPI. Widya Graha, Lantai 9. Jl. Jenderal Gatot Subroto No. -
Introduction: Phonetic Fieldwork in Southern New Guinea
Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 24 (2021) Phonetic fieldwork in Southern New Guinea ed. by Kate L. Lindsey & Dineke Schokkin, pp. 1–4 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc/ http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24999 Introduction: Phonetic fieldwork in Southern New Guinea Kate L. Lindsey Boston University Dineke Schokkin University of Canterbury This special publication of Language Documentation & Conservation represents a collection of the first available phonetic descriptions of several languages of Southern New Guinea. This area encompasses the southernmost regions of Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. The languages included in this collection belong to multiple non-related, non-Austronesian, and non-Australian families and include Yelmek (Yelmek-Maklew family; by TINA GREGOR), Ngkolmpu (Yam family; by MATTHEW CARROLL), Nmbo (Yam family; by ERI KASHIMA), Idi (Pahoturi River family; by DINEKE SCHOKKIN and colleagues), Bitur (Trans-New Guinea family; by PHILLIP ROGERS), and Urama (Kiwai family; by JASON BROWN and colleagues). Our issue opens with an overview of the region's phonetic systems by NICHOLAS EVANS (p. 7), and then each language is detailed in turn. First, we will contextualize the format of this special issue and the methodologies used for collecting, analyzing, and archiving the data in Southern New Guinea. Format The linguistic landscape of the Southern New Guinea region is diverse, dense, and widely unexplored (Evans 2012). To facilitate comparative research in this area, we have formatted the phonetic descriptions in this volume to be similar to one another and to the two other published phonetic descriptions of Southern New Guinea languages: that on Nen (Yam; by Evans & Miller [2016]) and Ende (Pahoturi River; by Lindsey [2021]). -
Even More Diverse Than We Had Thought: the Multiplicity of Trans-Fly Languages
Language Documentation & Conservation Special Publication No. 5 (December 2012) Melanesian Languages on the Edge of Asia: Challenges for the 21st Century, ed. by Nicholas Evans and Marian Klamer, pp. 109–149 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc/sp05/ 5 http://hdl.handle.net/10125/4562 Even more diverse than we had thought: The multiplicity of Trans-Fly languages Nicholas Evans Australian National University Linguistically, the Trans Fly region of Southern New Guinea is one of the least known parts of New Guinea. Yet the glimpses we already have are enough to see that it is a zone with among the highest levels of linguistic diversity in New Guinea, arguably only exceeded by those found in the Sepik and the north coast. After surveying the sociocultural setting, in particular the widespread practice of direct sister-exchange which promotes egalitarian multilingualism in the region, I give an initial taste of what its languages are like. I focus on two languages which are neighbours, and whose speakers regularly intermarry, but which belong to two unrelated and typologically distinct families: Nen (Yam Family) and Idi (Pahoturi River Family). I then zoom out to look at some typological features of the whole Trans-Fly region, exemplifying with the dual number category, and close by stressing the need for documentation of the languages of this fascinating region. 1. INTRODUCTION.1 The distribution of linguistic diversity is highly informative, about 1 My thanks to two anonymous referees and to Marian Klamer for their usefully critical comments on an -
The World Tree of Languages: How to Infer It from Data, and What It Is Good For
The world tree of languages: How to infer it from data, and what it is good for Gerhard Jäger Tübingen University Workshop Evolutionary Theory in the Humanities, Torun April 14, 2018 Gerhard Jäger (Tübingen) Words to trees Torun 1 / 42 Introduction Introduction Gerhard Jäger (Tübingen) Words to trees Torun 2 / 42 Introduction Language change and evolution “If we possessed a perfect pedigree of mankind, a genealogical arrangement of the races of man would afford the best classification of the various languages now spoken throughout the world; and if all extinct languages, and all intermediate and slowly changing dialects, had to be included, such an arrangement would, I think, be the only possible one. Yet it might be that some very ancient language had altered little, and had given rise to few new languages, whilst others (owing to the spreading and subsequent isolation and states of civilisation of the several races, descended from a common race) had altered much, and had given rise to many new languages and dialects. The various degrees of difference in the languages from the same stock, would have to be expressed by groups subordinate to groups; but the proper or even only possible arrangement would still be genealogical; and this would be strictly natural, as it would connect together all languages, extinct and modern, by the closest affinities, and would give the filiation and origin of each tongue.” (Darwin, The Origin of Species) Gerhard Jäger (Tübingen) Words to trees Torun 3 / 42 Introduction Language phylogeny Comparative method 1 -
Languages of Indonesia (Papua)
Ethnologue report for Indonesia (Papua) Page 1 of 49 Languages of Indonesia (Papua) See language map. Indonesia (Papua). 2,220,934 (2000 census). Information mainly from C. Roesler 1972; C. L. Voorhoeve 1975; M. Donohue 1998–1999; SIL 1975–2003. The number of languages listed for Indonesia (Papua) is 271. Of those, 269 are living languages and 2 are second language without mother-tongue speakers. Living languages Abinomn [bsa] 300 (1999 Clouse and Donohue). Lakes Plain area, from the mouth of the Baso River just east of Dabra at the Idenburg River to its headwaters in the Foya Mountains, Jayapura Kabupaten, Mamberamo Hulu Kecamatan. Alternate names: Avinomen, "Baso", Foya, Foja. Dialects: Close to Warembori. Classification: Language Isolate More information. Abun [kgr] 3,000 (1995 SIL). North coast and interior of central Bird's Head, north and south of Tamberau ranges. Sorong Kabupaten, Ayamaru, Sausapor, and Moraid kecamatans. About 20 villages. Alternate names: Yimbun, A Nden, Manif, Karon. Dialects: Abun Tat (Karon Pantai), Abun Ji (Madik), Abun Je. Classification: West Papuan, Bird's Head, North-Central Bird's Head, North Bird's Head More information. Aghu [ahh] 3,000 (1987 SIL). South coast area along the Digul River west of the Mandobo language, Merauke Kabupaten, Jair Kecamatan. Alternate names: Djair, Dyair. Classification: Trans-New Guinea, Main Section, Central and Western, Central and South New Guinea-Kutubuan, Central and South New Guinea, Awyu-Dumut, Awyu, Aghu More information. Airoran [air] 1,000 (1998 SIL). North coast area on the lower Apauwer River. Subu, Motobiak, Isirania and other villages, Jayapura Kabupaten, Mamberamo Hilir, and Pantai Barat kecamatans. -
Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary Classification, Language Maps, Wordlists
PACIFIC LINGUISTICS S elLA..e.� B - No. 3 1 LANGUAGES OF IRIAN JAYA CHECKLIST PRELIMINARY CLASSIFICATION, LANGUAGE MAPS, WORDLISTS by C.L. Voorhoeve Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Voorhoeve, C.L. Languages of Irian Jaya: Checklist. Preliminary classification, language maps, wordlists. B-31, iv + 133 pages. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. DOI:10.15144/PL-B31.cover ©1975 Pacific Linguistics and/or the author(s). Online edition licensed 2015 CC BY-SA 4.0, with permission of PL. A sealang.net/CRCL initiative. ------ ---------------------------- PACIFIC LINGUISTICS is published by the Lingui�tic Ci�cte 06 Canbe��a and consists of four series: SERIES A - OCCASIONAL PAPERS SERIES B - MONOGRAPHS SERIES C - BOOKS SERIES V - SPECIAL PU BLICATIONS. EDITOR: S.A. Wurm. ASSOCIATE EDITORS: D.C. Laycock, C.L. Voorhoeve, D.T. Tryon, T.E. Dutton. ALL CORRESPONDENCE concerning PACIF IC LINGUISTICS, including orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to: The Secretary, PACIFIC LINGUISTICS, Department of Linguistics, School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University, Box 4, P.O., Canberra, A.C.T. 2600 . Australia. Copyright � C.L. Voorhoeve. First published 1975. Reprinted 1980. The editors are indebted to the Australian National University for help in the production of this series. This publication was made possible by an initial grant from the Hunter Douglas Fund. National Library of Australia Card Number and ISBN 0 85883 128 7 TAB LE OF CONTENTS -
Prayer Cards | Joshua Project
Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Abui, Barue in Indonesia Abun, Karon Pantai in Indonesia Population: 29,000 Population: 4,300 World Popl: 29,000 World Popl: 4,300 Total Countries: 1 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: Flores-Sumba-Alor People Cluster: New Guinea Main Language: Abui Main Language: Abun Main Religion: Christianity Main Religion: Christianity Status: Significantly reached Status: Significantly reached Evangelicals: 12.0% Evangelicals: 13.0% Chr Adherents: 50.0% Chr Adherents: 60.0% Scripture: Translation Needed Scripture: New Testament www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Anonymous "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Acehnese in Indonesia Adang in Indonesia Population: 4,007,000 Population: 3,200 World Popl: 4,093,000 World Popl: 3,200 Total Countries: 2 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: Aceh of Sumatra People Cluster: Flores-Sumba-Alor Main Language: Aceh Main Language: Adang Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Christianity Status: Unreached Status: Partially reached Evangelicals: 0.00% Evangelicals: 4.0% Chr Adherents: 0.12% Chr Adherents: 70.0% Scripture: Complete Bible Scripture: Translation Needed www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Status Aceh - Pixabay "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Adonara in Indonesia Aghu in Indonesia Population: 116,000 Population: 4,900 World -
UNENGAGED BIBLELESS LANGUAGES (UBL List by Languages: ROL) September, 2018
UNENGAGED BIBLELESS LANGUAGES (UBL List by Languages: ROL) September, 2018. Version 1.0 Language ROL # Zones # Countries Country Lang. Population Anambé aan 1 1 Brazil 6 Pará Arára aap 1 1 Brazil 340 Aasáx aas 2 1 Tanzania 350 Mandobo Atas aax 1 1 Indonesia 10,000 Bankon abb 1 1 Cameroon 12,000 Manide abd 1 1 Philippines 3,800 Abai Sungai abf 1 1 Malaysia 500 Abaga abg 1 1 Papua New Guinea 600 Lampung Nyo abl 11 1 Indonesia 180,000 Abaza abq 3 1 Russia 37,800 Pal abw 1 1 Papua New Guinea 1,160 Áncá acb 2 2 Cameroon; Nigeria 300 Eastern Acipa acp 2 1 Nigeria 5,000 Cypriot Arabic acy 1 1 Cyprus 9,760 Adabe adb 1 1 Indonesia 5,000 Andegerebinha adg 2 1 Australia 5 Adonara adr 1 1 Indonesia 98,000 Adnyamathanha adt 1 1 Australia 110 Aduge adu 3 1 Nigeria 1,900 Amundava adw 1 1 Brazil 83 Haeke aek 1 1 New Caledonia 300 Arem aem 3 2 Laos; Vietnam 270 Ambakich aew 1 1 Papua New Guinea 770 Andai afd 1 1 Papua New Guinea 400 Defaka afn 2 1 Nigeria 200 Afro-Seminole Creole afs 3 2 Mexico; United States 200 Afitti aft 1 1 Sudan 4,000 Argobba agj 3 1 Ethiopia 46,940 Agta, Isarog agk 1 1 Philippines 5 Tainae ago 1 1 Papua New Guinea 1,000 Remontado Dumagat agv 3 1 Philippines 2,530 Mt. Iriga Agta agz 1 1 Philippines 1,500 Aghu ahh 1 1 Indonesia 3,000 Aizi, Tiagbamrin ahi 1 1 Côte d'Ivoire 9,000 Aizi, Mobumrin ahm 1 1 Côte d'Ivoire 2,000 Àhàn ahn 2 1 Nigeria 300 Ahtena aht 1 1 United States 45 Ainbai aic 1 1 Papua New Guinea 100 Amara aie 1 1 Papua New Guinea 230 Ai-Cham aih 1 1 China 2,700 Burumakok aip 1 1 Indonesia 40 Aimaq aiq 7 1 Afghanistan 701000 Airoran air 1 1 Indonesia 1,000 Ali aiy 2 2 Central African Republic; Congo Kinshasa 35,000 Aja (Sudan) aja 1 1 South Sudan 200 Akurio ako 2 2 Brazil; Suriname 2 Akhvakh akv 1 1 Russia 210 Alabama akz 1 1 United States 370 Qawasqar alc 1 1 Chile 12 Amaimon ali 1 1 Papua New Guinea 1,780 Amblong alm 1 1 Vanuatu 150 Larike-Wakasihu alo 1 1 Indonesia 12,600 Alutor alr 1 1 Russia 25 UBLs by ROL Page 1 Language ROL # Zones # Countries Country Lang. -
Table of Contents
Table of contents 1 Language families of the New Guinea Area · Bill Palmer ........1 1.1. Introduction ...............................................1 1.2. The New Guinea Area .......................................1 1.3 The Papuasphere ...........................................4 1.4 Language families of the Papuasphere ..........................6 1.5 Complexity of the research context ............................11 1.6 Conclusion ...............................................16 References ...................................................16 2 The Trans New Guinea family · Andrew Pawley and Harald Hammarström .....................................21 2.1 Introduction ..............................................21 2.2 A brief history of the Trans New Guinea hypothesis ...............23 2.3 Subgrouping and membership ...............................30 2.3.1 Groups with relatively strong claims to membership in TNG ...........................................31 2.3.1.1 Angan ....................................31 2.3.1.2 Anim .....................................33 2.3.1.3 Asmat-Kamoro .............................36 2.3.1.4 Awin-Pa ...................................37 2.3.1.5 Bosavi ....................................37 2.3.1.6 Chimbu-Wahgi .............................38 2.3.1.7 Dagan ....................................40 2.3.1.8 Dani ......................................41 2.3.1.9 Duna-Bogaya ..............................42 2.3.1.10 East Strickland .............................42 2.3.1.11 Enga-Kewa-Huli ............................43