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Litnet Akademies Jaargang 12, Nommer 2, Augustus 2015 LitNet Akademies Jaargang 12, Nommer 2, Augustus 2015 'n Akademiese joernaal vir die Natuurwetenskappe, Regte, Geesteswetenskappe, Opvoedkunde en Godsdienswetenskappe www.litnet.co.za ISSN 1995-5928 Redaksie Personeel Adviesraad Alfred Schaffer, Universiteit Stellenbosch – Suid-Afrika Christo van der Rheede, Afrikaanse Handelsinstituut – Suid-Afrika Etienne van Heerden, Universiteit van Kaapstad – Suid-Afrika Ian van Rooyen, Universiteit van Kaapstad – Suid-Afrika Helize van Vuuren, Nelson Mandela Metropolitaanse Universiteit – Suid-Afrika Steward van Wyk, Universiteit van die Wes-Kaap – Suid-Afrika Rudi Venter, Oxford University Press – Suid-Afrika Louise Viljoen, Universiteit Stellenbosch – Suid-Afrika Andries Visagie, Universiteit van Pretoria – Suid-Afrika Hein Willemse, Universiteit van Pretoria – Suid-Afrika Gert Steyn, Universiteit van Pretoria – Suid-Afrika Kobus Kruger, Unisa – Suid-Afrika Philip Nel, Universiteit van die Vrystaat – Suid-Afrika Uitgewer: LitNet LitNet Akademies is ʼn geakkrediteerde akademiese aanlynjoernaal. Besoek: http://www.litnet.co.za/Category/akademies/litnet-akademies E-pos: [email protected] Telefoonnommer: 021 886 5169 ISSN 1995-5928 Ondersteun deur: Inhoudsopgawe Afdeling: Godsdienswetenskappe Totius: die ironie van vergewe en vergeet 211 Gerrie Snyman, Departement Bybel- en Antieke Wetenskappe, Universiteit van Suid-Afrika Eerbied vir die lewe: Albert Schweitzer se etiek as lewensfilosofie 236 Pieter J.J. Botha, Nuwe Testament en Vroeg-Christelike Studies, Universiteit van Suid-Afrika ’n Verskuiwing na ’n oper en meer “pragmatiese” lees van Romeine 13:1–7? 259 Bernard C. Lategan, Stellenbosse Instituut vir Gevorderde Navorsing, Departement Inligtingwetenskap, Universiteit Stellenbosch Afdeling: Opvoedkunde Die uitwerking van mentorhulp op kunsonderrig in laerskole 273 Georina Westraadt, Kunsopvoeding, Fakulteit vir Onderwys, Kaapse Skiereilandse Universiteit vir Tegnologie (CPUT), Wellington-kampus Afdeling: Regte Suid-Afrikaanse howe se hantering van verlore testamente 311 James Faber, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van die Vrystaat François du Toit, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van Wes-Kaapland Vonnisbespreking: Die doodskoot vir of slegs die verwonding van die eis 333 teen die derdeparty-egbreker? RH v DE 2014 6 SA 436 (HHA) Marita Carnelley, dekaan: Navorsing, College of Law and Management Die basiese-struktuur-leerstuk: ’n basis vir die toepassing in Suid-Afrika, 347 of ’n skending van die skeiding van magte? Cecile van Schalkwyk, Departement Publiekreg, Universiteit Stellenbosch Aksie weens onregmatige lyding vanweë gestremdheid (wrongful life) 364 H v Fetal Assessment Centre 2015 2 SA 193 (KH) Johann Neethling, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van die Vrystaat Johan Potgieter, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van Suid-Afrika Die aanwending van die gestruktureerde interdik in die Suid-Afrikaanse 374 konstitusionele regsbedeling: ’n eiesoortige beregtingsproses Neels Swanepoel, Departement Publiekreg, Universiteit van die Vrystaat Vonnisbespreking: Owerspel as gedingsvatbare aksiegrond 397 RH v DE 2014 6 SA 436 (HHA) Johann Neethling, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van die Vrystaat Aantekening: Die ekstrinsieke-getuienis-reël: Universele vennootskappe 416 en die huwelik buite gemeenskap van goed met uitsluiting van wins en verlies en aanwas Neil van Schalkwyk, Departement Privaatreg, Universiteit van Pretoria Die nuwe bekostigbaarheidsassessering-regulasies ingevolge die 432 Nasionale Kredietwet 34 van 2005 van naderby beskou Stéfan Renke, Departement Handelsreg, Universiteit van Pretoria Afdeling: Natuurwetenskappe Gedeeltelike beskrywing van bakterieë in die SVK van Haliotis midae, met die 455 fokus op potensiële probiotika Anneke Postma en Karin Jacobs, Departement Mikrobiologie, Universiteit Stellenbosch Afdeling: Geesteswetenskappe LitNet Akademies, Jaargang 12, Nommer 2, Augustus 2015 Plek as liggaam en liggaam as plek. Tendense van die nuwe materialisme en interaksie tussen mens en plek in enkele tekste uit Verweerskrif (2006) van Antjie Krog Susan Smith Susan Smith, Departement Afrikaans, Universiteit van Fort Hare Opsomming Internasionale navorsingstendense dien dikwels as kruisbestuiwing tussen onderskeie dissiplines en lei tot koppelvlakke wat nuwe ondersoekterreine ontwikkel. Ons leef in ’n tyd wat gekenmerk word deur ’n ontploffing van kritieseteorie-navorsing oor die nuwe materialisme en objekgeoriënteerde ontologie/OO (Object Oriented Ontology/OOO) en die invloed daarvan op ekokritiek en ekopoësie. Grense tussen die natuurwetenskappe, filosofie en literatuurteorie en -kritiek word gereeld oorgesteek. Die nuwe materialisme en die objekgeoriënteerde ontologie as teoretiese raamwerke lei tot ’n herbesinning oor materialiteit: dit waaruit ons liggame en die natuurlike wêreld gemaak is. Dit ondersoek opnuut dualismes soos lewend/nielewend, menslik/ niemenslik, onderwerp/voorwerp en aktief/passief. Dit lei op sy beurt tot ’n herwaardering van plek as ekokritiese merker. Die nuwe materialisme as teoretiese raamwerk sien die natuur nie as ’n passiewe sosiale konstruksie nie, maar eerder as ’n bemiddelende krag wat interaksie met en verandering van omringende elemente teweegbring, veral ten opsigte van die mens. Materie is ’n meervlakkige konsep: dit is die materialiteit van die menslike liggaam en van die natuurlike wêreld. Materie is volgens Iovino die substansie van alle dinge en materiële formasies – menslike en niemenslike liggame, lewende en nielewende dinge – verskynings waarvan die bestaan en betekenis met die diskursiewe dimensie verbind is. In hierdie artikel word die plek as liggaam en liggaam as plek deur middel van ’n ekokritiese en die nuwe-materialisme-benadering verken aan die hand van gekose verse uit Antjie Krog se bundel Verweerskrif (2006). Daar sal aandag gegee word aan “rondeau in vier dele” en “Vier seisoenale waarnemings van Tafelberg”, waarin die wisselwerkende verhouding tussen die liggaamlikheid van die spreker-digter en die liggaamlike materialiteit van plek, spesifiek die berg, verwoord word. Die liggaam van die spreker-digter as plek tree in ’n verbintenis met die berg as liggaam, waardeur ’n diskursiewe ruimte betree word en transliggaamlikheid plaasvind. Trefwoorde: intra-aksie; materialiteit; nuwe materialisme; objekgeoriënteerde ontologie (OO); transliggaamlikheid; verhaalde materie Abstract International research trends often serve as cross-pollination between different disciplines and lead to connections which develop new areas of investigation. This has also been the 1 LitNet Akademies, Jaargang 12, Nommer 2, Augustus 2015 case with the renewed focus on the new materialism and its influence on ecocriticism and ecopoetics. New materialism and object-oriented ontology (OOO) as theoretical frameworks lead to a rethinking of materiality: that which our bodies and the natural world around us are made of. It reinvestigates dualisms such as living/non-living, human/non-human, subject/ object and active/passive, which in turn leads to a re-evaluation of nature and matter and our relationship with it. This article draws on the work of researchers such as Serenello Iovino, Susan Hekman and specifically Timothy Morton and introduces a materialistic or matter-centred approach in the analysis of poetry. Object-oriented ontology and the new materialism are forms of realism that assert, in the words of Timothy Morton, “that real things exist”. As theoretical frameworks they do not see nature as a passive social construct, but rather as a mediating force affecting interaction with and the changing of other elements, including man. Matter is a multi-faceted concept: it is the materiality of both the human body and the natural world. Matter, according to Serenella Iovino (2012:135) is the substance of all things and material formations – human and non-human bodies, living and non-living things – emergences of which the existence and meaning are related to the discursive dimension. An important field of research on materialism is the power of matter to build dynamic meaning of both human and non-human bodies, which finds expression in narratives on matter, or “storied matter”, as Iovino (2012:137) describes it. Storied matter emphasises the materiality of environment, of place and of body and relates to what Tracy Alaimo (2008:9) calls trans- corporeality, and Lawrence Buell’s (2005:62–3, 76–8) concept of translocality, whereby the transition between the inside and outside of every bodily form, whether human or non-human, is charted. What also comes into play is the transition between human and non-human, between living and non-living, and therefore between subject and object. Material “emergences”, in the words of Serenella Iovino (2012:135), are formed of the human (the poet) and the non-human (the mountain), their existences and their meaning, and they enter into the discursive dimension of a relationship with each other. The object, the mountain, emerges and reacts – thus an object reaction takes place, while a specific reaction is expected from the poet-subject, supposing subject responsibility. Read ecocritically, the poems in question demonstrate not only storied matter, but the mountain, as matter, acting dynamically and narratively – a concept which, in analogy of Iovino’s “storied matter” (Iovino 2012:136), I have in previous research called storying matter (Smith 2012:893). In opposition to “storied matter”, which implies that a story is being told about matter, “storying matter” places the emphasis on the active
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