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A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R Cambridge University Press 0521616379 - A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R. J. Crampton Index More information INDEX aba 55, 56, 65 129, 133, 137, 139–40, 142, 143, Academy of Sciences 151 144, 145, 147, 152, 158, 159, ACC (Allied Control Commission) 180, 160–1, 166, 168–71, 175, 179, 189, 181 190, 193, 214, 215, 219, 241, 253, Adrianople (Edirne) 24, 27, 53, 55, 83, 265 106, 114, 128, 133, 135 and communists 180, 183 Adriatic 16, 22, 25, 262 Asenov, Hadji Dimituˆr76 Aegean coast 26, 83, 135, 169 Asia Minor 10, 11, 20, 56 Aegean Sea 4, 16, 25, 135 Asparukh, Khan 8 Aegean Sea, Bulgarian access to 144, Atanasov, Georgi 239 164, 166 Athens 73, 75, 157, 161 Afghanistan 253, 261 Athos, Mount 39, 45 agrarians 145–7, 156, 161, 162, 174, Austria-Hungary 17, 83, 126, 127, 128, 175, 179, 182–3, 212, 214, 215 130, 131 see also BANU and BANU–NP see also Habsburg monarchy AICs (Agro-Industrial Complexes) ayans 51, 52, 53, 55 197–8 Albania (Albanians) 11, 20, 22, 71, 131, Bagryanov, Ivan 176–7 133, 241 Balchik 133 Aleksanduˆr Nevski cathedral 220 Balkan alliance 73, 131–2 Alexander II, Tsar of Russia 90 entente 157, 165, 235 AlexanderIII,TsarofRussia90, 101, 110 federation 76, 77, 125, 126, 190 Alexander of Battenberg, Prince of mountains 4, 9, 13, 53, 72, 77, 83, 99, Bulgaria 89–93, 94, 97, 97–9, 113, 115 100–1, 102, 105, 108, 119, 121, peacekeeping force 241 265 Balkan war, first 132–3 Alexander the Great 4 second 134–5, 158, 266 Alexandroupolis 230, 262 banks and banking 118, 122, 148, 159, alphabet (Cyrillic and Bulgarian) 15, 186, 227, 232, 233, 234, 252 15–16, 96, 151 see also BNB Anhialo (Pomorie) 126 banks, German 122, 137 animal rearing 55, 56 BANU (Bulgarian Agrarian National ANS (Alliance for National Salvation) 235 Union) 123–5, 145–53 Antim, Exarch 74, 87 see also agrarians anti-semitism 166 BANU (coalitionist) 187 April uprising 78–81, 267 BANU–NP (Bulgarian Agrarian Aprilov, Vasil 60, 65 National Union – Nikola Petkov) Armenians in Ottoman empire 36, 110, 183, 212, 230 126 bashibazouks 80–1, 84 army 88, 90, 92, 96, 97, 98–9, 100, 101, Batak 80 102, 105, 108, 112, 114, 119, 125, BBB (Bulgarian Business Bloc) 229, 236 278 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521616379 - A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R. J. Crampton Index More information Index 279 BCP (Bulgarian Communist Party) BSP (Bulgarian Socialist Party) 214, 215, 145, 153, 172, 180, 187, 189–90, 218, 224, 225, 227, 229, 234, 235, 194, 199, 207–9, 212–13, 236, 246, 249, 251, 262 214 BTK (state telecommunications concern) leading role of 187–8, 194, 213, 214 251 Beckerle, Adolf-Heinz 171, 188–90 Bucharest 54, 62, 63, 67, 76, 78, 243 Belassitsa 20 treaty of (1886) 99, 122 Belene 199, 204 treaty of (1913) 135 Belgrade 10, 55, 75, 76, 77, 99, 104, treaty of (1918) 143 127, 151, 235 Budapest 48, 54 Benkovski, Georgi 78, 80 Bulgaria, and Austria-Hungary 99, 105, Berlin 237, 267 140–2, 143, 260 Berlin, treaty of (1878) 83–4, 92, 94, 95, and Belgium 105, 117 96, 105, 112, 114, 265, 267 and France 105, 137, 160, 195, 255, Beron, Petuˆr (zoologist) 215, 218 260 Beron, Petuˆr61 and Germany 105, 115, 137–8, Berov, Liuben 224–5, 228–9, 230 140–2, 143, 165, 166–7, 168–74, Bitola 83, 106, 139 176–7, 195, 255, 260, 266 Black Sea 10, 25, 51, 166, 168, 261 and Great Britain 101, 105, 115, 154, Blagoev, Dimituˆr142 160 BNB (Bulgarian National Bank) 92, 94, and Greece 99, 132, 133, 134–5, 139, 97, 227, 229, 231, 232, 233, 234, 154, 164, 191, 221–3, 230, 266 237 and Israel 190, 217 Bobov Dol mines 137 and Italy 105, 159, 164, 165–7 bogomilism 18–19, 21, 22, 24, 196, and League of Nations 150 266 and Libya 195 Bogoridi, Stefan 67 and North Africa 261 Bogorov, Ivan 62, 63 and Ottoman empire 106, 111 bombing, by Bulgaria 133 and Republic of Macedonia 221–3, of Bulgaria by allies 174, 175, 267 241, 266 Boris I (Khan and King of Bulgaria) 11, and Romania 133, 135, 241–3 110–11 and Russia 124, 131, 230, 231, 236, Boris III (King of the Bulgarians, 237, 245, 246, 251, 260–1, 262, 1918–43) 108, 143, 153, 154, 160, 267 164, 168–71, 172, 173, 175, 200, and Serbia 99, 129, 131, 132, 134–5, 266 154, 266 Bosnia and Hercegovina 78, 130, and South Africa 217 131 and Switzerland 105 Botev, Hristo 64, 76, 78, 80 and third world 195 Boyana church frescoes 25 and Turkey 201, 210, 220–1 Bozhilov, Dobri 174–6 and USA 167, 186, 190, 191, 201, Bozveli, Neofit 60, 67 210, 226, 240, 255, 261 Braila 54, 63, 64, 75 and USSR 150, 160, 164, 165–7, 169, Bras¸ov 54, 61 171, 175–9, 181–3, 188, 189–90, Bratsigovo 80 191–2, 193, 195, 196, 198, 200, Brezhnev, Leonid 195, 206 203, 204, 206, 209, 210, 216, brigandage 90, 114 267 broad socialists 125 and Vatican 195 see also SDP and west 260, 261, 263 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521616379 - A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R. J. Crampton Index More information 280 Index Bulgaria, and Austria-Hungary (cont.) Christianity 4 and western allies, second world war in Bulgaria 260 175, 180, 183–5 conversion of Bulgarians to 11–15, 16 and Yugoslavia 150–1, 156, 160, 164, Christians in Ottoman empire 29–33, 190, 191, 199 33–8 Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 64 Clementine, Princess 107 Bulgarian church 14, 16, 17, 21–2, 24, Clinton, William 240 25, 38, 46, 58, 64–75, 84, 88, 106, CLS (Compulsory Labour Service) 125, 219–20, 223, 269 150, 166 and state 106–7, 108, 151, 168, 172, Coalition for Bulgaria 246, 247 185, 188–9 collectivisation of land 182, 188, 189, Patriarchate 14, 21–2, 25, 28, 38, 40, 191, 192 46, 65, 168, 189, 219–20, 224 Comecon 196, 226 Bulgarian diaspora 54, 63–4 Cominform 186, 189 Bulgarian language 11, 15, 16, 21, 35, Comintern 161 37–8, 39, 40, 46, 48, 60, 61–2, 63, communists 145–7, 150, 151, 153, 154, 64, 65, 67, 74, 122, 269 155, 156, 157, 158, 161–2, 166, Bulgarian Legion 75, 76, 77 171, 174, 175, 179, 180, 225, 227, Bulgarian Literary Society 64 265, 267 Bulgarian literature 15, 16, 37–8, 40, see also narrow socialists 45–6, 62, 63, 77 conglomerates 256 Bulgarian Revolutionary Central see also corruption Committee (BRCC) 77, 78 conscription 22, 30, 112, 114, 131, 267 Bulgarian Secret Central Committee conservatives 87–8, 90, 92, 93, 94, 96, (BSCC) 76 108 Bulgarian Secret Central Revolutionary Constantinople 5, 9, 16, 24, 25, 30, 34, Committee (BSCRC) 97 51, 55, 56, 58, 63, 64, 67, 72, 74, Bulgarians and Greeks 14–15, 16, 22, 25, 75, 89, 104, 106, 107, 114, 115, 36, 38, 46, 60, 61, 65–6, 129, 167 130, 138, 263 Bulgartabak 251 Bulgarian church in 67, 69, 74 Burgas 53, 115, 118, 176, 230, 262 Bulgarians in 68, 69, 72, 74 BWP, treaty of (1913) 135 see BCP constituent assembly, Tuˆrnovo (1879) Byzantium, Bulgarian relations with 84, 85–9 9–11, 14–15, 16, 17, 19–20, 21, 24 constitution (1971) 194 Byzantium, (1991) 218 see Constantinople Dimitrov 186 Tuˆrnovo 88–9, 90–1, 93, 94, 108, calendar, Gregorian xvi 162, 186 Julian xvi Constitutional Bloc 152, 153 Capitulations 84, 102 constitutional court 218, 219, 225 Catholic church 24, 42, 72, 107, 108, cooperatives 124, 147, 148, 228 110, 189, 190, 195, 201 corruption 17, 56, 66, 140, 148, 151, Ceaus¸escu, Nicolae 203 152, 174, 206, 225, 231, 232–3, Chernobyl 209 234, 236, 240, 244–6, 247, 249, Chervenkov, Vuˆlko 190–2, 193 250, 255–6, 263, 264 Chintulov, Dobri 64 see also partisanstvo Chiprovets 42 cotton 51, 54 chitalishta 62 coup (1881) 90–1, 96, 119, 121 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521616379 - A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R. J. Crampton Index More information Index 281 (1886) 101, 102 directorate for social renewal 158, 161 (1923) 153, 175 Dobrev, Nikolai 234, 235 (1934) 158 Dobrudja 55, 114, 124, 142, 165, 177 (1944) 178 northern 143 (1965) attempted 193, 267 southern 133, 134, 135, 139, 165, (1989) 212 185, 191, 204 Constantinople (1908) 130 Dogan, Ahmed 223 Plovdiv (1885) 97–9 Dondukov-Korsakov, Prince 87 Craiova, treaty of 165, 166 Drama 139 Crete 73, 126 Dresden 54 crime, problem of in post-communist Dubrovnik 40 Bulgaria 225, 244, 246, 249, 255–6, 263 Eastern Rumelia 83, 84, 89, 91, 95–9, Crimean war 68, 72, 75 111, 121, 122, 126, 130, 205 Crusades 24, 25 Ecoglasnost 210, 230 Cuba 193 education 15, 39, 58–62, 63, 66, 74, 77, currency 90, 140, 186, 228–9 96, 107, 108, 150, 151, 152, 162, currency board 233, 235, 237 168, 190, 196, 217, 238–9, 252, Czech Republic 231, 255 260, 263, 264, 267 Czechoslovakia 164, 194, 267 EEC (European Economic Community), see also EU 202 Dalmatia 60, 138 emigration, of Bulgarians 54, 244, 257 Danev, Stoyan 124, 127, 134, 135 of Jews 190 Danube 4, 8, 9, 16, 19, 40, 51, 54, 76, of Turks 113, 190–1, 199, 210, 223, 80, 83, 92, 101, 139, 167, 177, 203, 227, 268 209, 241, 262 encouragement of industry act (1894) Daran Kulak 124 117, 122 Dardanelles 166 energy, gas 230, 231, 262 debt, foreign (and loans) 84, 118, 122, market 250 127, 137, 154, 202, 203, 225, 228, nuclear 229, 237 see Kozlodui decollectivisation of land 215, 219, 224, oil 230, 237, 262 227–8 problem of 203 Dedeagach 135, 138 Enos 134, 138 defence of the nation act (1940) 166 environment, problems and protests defence of the realm act (1923) 153 209–10, 211 Delchev, Gotse 128 Epirus 22 Democratic Alliance 153, 156 EU, and Bulgaria 221, 224, 226, Democratic Party 94, 124, 130, 143, 227, 234, 236–7, 238–9, 240, 145, 153, 155, 157, 162, 185, 243, 245, 247, 249, 250, 251, 230 252–3, 255, 257, 258, 259, demographic change 53–4, 111–13 261, 265 depression (1930s) 156, 157 Euro-Left 235 devetnaiseti 158–60 Exarchate, see also Zveno see Bulgarian church devshirme 33, 35 Dimitrov, Filip 218, 219–24, 228, 234, factories 57, 115, 117, 118 235 fascism 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 172, Dimitrov, Georgi 161, 183, 189, 190 175, 186 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521616379 - A Concise History of Bulgaria, Second Edition R.
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