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Rebreanu-Liviu-Ion-I-Cartea.Pdf Liviu REBREANU ION * Colec\ie ini\iat[ =i coordonat[ de Anatol Vidra=cu =i Dan Vidra=cu Concep\ia grafic[ a colec\iei: Vladimir Zmeev Coperta: Isai C`rmu REFERIN|E ISTORICO-LITERARE: Ov. S. Crohm[lniceanu, Lucian Raicu, Petru Mihai Gorcea, Alexandru Piru, Dumitru Micu, Mircea Zaciu. Grupul Editorial „Litera“ str. B. P. Hasdeu, mun. Chi=in[u, MD-2005, Republica Moldova tel./fax +(3732) 29 29 32, 29 41 10, fax 29 40 61; e-mail: [email protected] Difuzare: Libr[ria „Scripta“ str. +tefan cel Mare 83, mun. Chi=in[u, MD-2012, Republica Moldova, tel./fax: +(3732) 221987 Prezenta edi\ie a ap[rut ]n anul 2001 ]n versiune tip[rit[ =i electronic[ la Grupul Editorial „Litera“. Toate drepturile rezervate. Editori: Anatol =i Dan Vidra=cu Redactor: Ion Ciocanu Corector: Raisa Co=codan Tehnoredactare: Marin Popa Tiparul executat la Combinatul Poligrafic din Chi=in[u Comanda nr. 11432 CZU 821.135.1-3 R 35 Descrierea CIP a Camerei Na\ionale a C[r\ii Rebreanu, Liviu Ion: roman/ Liviu Rebreanu; col. ini\. =i coord. Anatol =i Dan Vidra=cu; conc. gr. col./ Vladimir Zmeev/ coperta Isai C`rmu. — Ch.: Litera, 2001 (Combinatul Poligrafic). — (Bibl. =colarului, serie nou[, nr. 234). Vol. I. — 2001. — 256 [p]. ISBN 9975-74-374-9 821.135.1.-3 ISBN 9975-74-374-9 © LITERA, 2001 CUPRINS Tabel cronologic . 7 GLASUL P{M~NTULUI Capitolul I }nceputul . 14 Capitolul II Zv`rcolirea . 46 Capitolul III Iubirea . 78 Capitolul IV Noaptea . 114 Capitolul V Ru=inea . 164 Capitolul VI Nunta . 201 CUPRINS Ion TABEL CRONOLOGIC 1885 27 noiembrie Se na=te, la T`rli=iua, Liviu, primul copil (din 14) al ]nv[\[torului Vasile Rebreanu =i al Ludovic[i (n[scut[ Diu- ganu). 1889 Familia se transfer[ ]n comuna Maieru. 1891—1895 +coala primar[ la Maieru. 1895—1897 Gimnaziul gr[niceresc din N[s[ud. 1897—1899 Liceul german din Bistri\a. 1898 Primele ]ncerc[ri literare ]n rom`n[ =i german[. 1900—1903 +coala real[ de honvezi din +opron, ]n nord-vestul Un- gariei. 1903—1906 Liviu Rebreanu urmeaz[ Academia militar[ „Ludovic“ din Budapesta. 1906 1 septembrie Ajunge sublocotenent. Alte ]ncerc[ri literare — schi\e epice =i lucr[ri dramatice — ]n maghiar[. 1908 Demisioneaz[ din armata austro-ungar[ =i vine la Prislop, unde tat[l s[u era ]nv[\[tor. Primele scrieri notabile ]n rom`ne=te. 1 noiembrie Debut absolut ]n revista Luceaf[rul de la Sibiu, cu schi\a Codrea (Glasul inimii). Continu[ un jurnal de lector, ]nceput anterior. Revine asupra amintirilor din copil[rie, de data aceasta sub influen\a lui Ion Creang[. 1909 }ncepe s[ traduc[ R[zboi =i pace de Lev Tolstoi dup[ o versiune german[. Scrie nuvela Volbura dragostei (C`ntecul iubirii). Au urmat Pro=tii, Culcu=ul, Golanii, Dintele =i alte proze. 12—14 octombrie Particip[ la Adunarea General[ a „Astrei“, la Sibiu, unde cunoa=te pe Octavian Goga, Ion Ag`rbiceanu, Emil G`rleanu, Victor Eftimiu. Dup[ lucr[ri, pleac[ ]mpreun[ cu ace=tia la Bucure=ti — trecere „frauduloas[“ de frontier[. La Bucure=ti lucreaz[ la revista Convorbiri critice, condus[ de Mi- hail Dragomirescu, unde public[ Volbura dragostei (C`ntecul iubirii). 7 Liviu Rebreanu 1910 Liviu Rebreanu e arestat, fiind extr[dat la interven\ia guvernu- lui austro-ungar. }nchisoarea la V[c[re=ti =i Gyula. Proiecteaz[ liniile de for\[ ale romanului Zestrea care, pornind prin dezvolt[ri succesive, avea s[ ajung[ Ion. Face cuno=tin\[ cu actri\a Fanny R[dulescu, viitoarea sa so\ie (din 1912). }mpreun[ cu dramaturgul Mihail Sorbul scoate revista Scena. 1911 Secretar literar la Teatrul Na\ional din Craiova (director Emil G`rleanu). 1912 Se stabile=te la Bucure=ti. }i apare primul volum de proz[, Fr[m`n- t[ri, la Editura Na\ional[ din Or[=tie, cuprinz`nd textele publi- cate p`n[ ]n 1911: Dintele, Lacrima (Glasul inimii), Culcu=ul, Ofilire, R[fuiala, Nevasta, Golanii =. a. Colaboreaz[ permanent la revista Rampa. 1913 Prima redactare a romanului Zestrea. Lucr`nd neorganizat, aglomer`nd prea multe personaje =i episoade disparate, se simte nesatisf[cut de aceast[ prim[ variant[ a romanului =i o abando- neaz[. }ntocme=te proiectul dramei ]n patru acte R[scoala. 1916 La Bucure=ti ]i apar volumele de nuvele =i schi\e Golanii =i M[rtu- risire. }ncheie lucrul la nuvela Catastrofa. Continu[ s[ scrie romanul Ion. 1917 }n timpul r[zboiului e respins de la mobilizare de c[tre autorit[\ile rom`ne, apoi, sub ocupa\ie german[, e socotit dezertor =i are- stat. Evadeaz[ =i dup[ peripe\ii senza\ionale ajunge ]n Moldova, unde este r[u primit =i suspectat de a fi „spion austriac“. La Ia=i tr[ie=te momentul declan=ator al ac\inunii viitorului (=i cel mai iubit) roman al s[u Adam =i Eva. Toate ]nt`mpl[rile extraordi- nare din timpul r[zboiului vor fi literaturizate ]n Calvarul (1918). Termin[ prima variant[ a romanului Ion. 1919 }ncepe lucrul la P[durea sp`nzura\ilor (}n anul anterior scrisese nuvela Catastofa). Vede lumina tiparului nuvela Catastrofa. Scriitorul colaboreaz[ cu cronici dramatice la Sbur[torul, con- dus de Eugen Lovinescu, criticul care avea s[ sublinieze primul importan\a cov`r=itoare a romanului Ion pentru proza noastr[ obiectiv[. I se tip[resc volumele Calvarul =i R[fuiala. 8 Ion 1920 Apare la editura Via\a rom`neasc[ romanul Ion, primul mare roman rom`nesc obiectiv. Cartea se va bucura de un mare succes de libr[rie, fiind reeditat de nenum[rate ori. Academia rom`n[ ]i acord[ scriitorului marele premiu N[sturel. 1921 Liviu Rebreanu ]=i vede editate volumele Catastrofa, Norocul, Nu- vele =i schi\e. Lucreaz[ intens la P[durea sp`nzura\ilor. 1922 Apare P[durea sp`nzura\ilor, anticipat de volumul Trei nuvele (I\ic +trul, dezertor, Catastrofa, Hora mor\ii). 1923 Are loc prima reprezentare a comediei Plicul. Liviu Rebreanu e ales viepre=edinte al Societ[\ii Scriitorilor Rom`ni. }ncepe romanul Adam =i Eva. 1924 Conduce revista s[pt[m`nal[ Mi=carea literar[. I se reediteaz[ volumul Trei nuvele (I\ic +trul, dezertor, Catastro- fa, Hora mor\ii). 1925 Apare romanul Adam =i Eva, „=apte vie\i ale unei singure perechi de oameni ]n timp =i spa\iu“. Este ales pre=edinte al Societ[\ii Scriitorilor Rom`ni. 1926 Are loc premiera piesei Apostolii. 1927 Apare romanul Ciuleandra, ilustr`nd interesul pentru psiholog =i chiar psihanaliz[. Alte dou[ volume: Cuibul viselor =i C`ntecul lebedei. 1928 Pentru prima dat[, e numit director al Teatrului Na\ional din Bucure=ti. Volumele C`ntecl iubiri =i Golanii (reeditare). 1929 Apare romanul Cr[i=orul. Lui Liviu Rebreanu i se confer[ Premiul Na\ional pentru proz[. 1930 Ajuns subsecretar de stat la Direc\ia Educa\iei Poporului, se dezam[ge=te, demisioneaz[, cump[r[ o cas[ cu vie la Valea Mare, l`ng[ Pite=ti. 1931 Apare volumul de ]nsemn[ri de c[l[torie Metropole cu ]nsemn[ri de c[l[torie la Berlin, Roma, Paris. 1932 20 februarie Scoate revista Rom`nia literar[ (p`n[ la 6 ianu- arie 1934), la care colaboreaz[ E. Lovinescu, Camil Petrescu, Gala Galaction, G. C[linescu, Al.Philippide, Mihail Sebastian, Ion. Marin Sadoveanu, Emil Botta. Apare romanul R[scoala. 9 Liviu Rebreanu 1933 Liviu Rebreanu scrie nuvela Umbre. 1934 Apare romanul Jar. 1935 Scriitorul public[ povestirea Dincolo. 1936 Culegerea de nuvele Oamenii de pe Some=. 1938 Apare romanul Gorila, inspirat din lumea interlop[ =i a proti- pendadei, perceput[ din perspectiva unui ziarist. 1939 La propunerea lui Mihail Sadoveanu devine membru al Acade- miei Rom`ne. |ine discursul s[u de recep\ie: Lauda \[ranului rom`n. 1940 Scriitorul izbute=te s[ publice romanul poli\ist Am`ndoi. 1941 Pentru a doua oar[ este numit director al Teatrului Na\ional din Bucure=ti. 1943 }i apare volumul Amalgam, cuprinz`nd articole, studii, cronici dramatice, conferin\e =i nuvela Dincolo. 1944 Fiind bolnav, se retrage la Valea Mare. 1 septembrie Dup[ c`teva luni de boal[ (cancer pulmonar) Li- viu Rebreanu se stinge din via\[ la Valea Mare, ]n v`rst[ de 59 de ani. Peste c`teva luni osemintele scriitorului sunt deshumate =i re]nhu- mate la Cimitirul Belu din Bucure=ti. 10 Ion Dragei mele Fanny 11 Ion GLASUL P{M~NTULUI 13 CUPRINS Liviu Rebreanu Capitolul I }NCEPUTUL 1 Din =oseaua ce vine de la C`rlibaba, ]ntov[r[=ind Some=ul c`nd ]n dreapta, c`nd ]n st`nga, p`n[ la Cluj =i chiar mai de- parte, se desprinde un drum alb mai sus de Armadia, trece r`ul peste podul b[tr`n de lemn, acoperit cu =indril[ muceg[it[, spintec[ satul Jidovi\a =i alearg[ spre Bistri\a, unde se pierde ]n cealalt[ =osea na\ional[ care coboar[ din Bucovina prin trec[toarea B`rg[ului. L[s`nd Jidovi\a, drumul urc[ ]nt`i anevoie p`n[ ce-=i face loc printre dealurile str`mtorate, pe urm[ ]ns[ ]nainteaz[ ve- sel, neted, mai ascunz`ndu-se printre fagii tineri ai P[durii Domne=ti, mai poposind pu\in la Ci=meaua Mortului, unde picur[ ve=nic ap[ de izvor r[coritoare, apoi cote=te brusc pe sub R`pele Dracului, ca s[ dea buzna ]n Pripasul pitit ]ntr-o scr`ntitur[ de coline. La marginea satului te ]nt`mpin[ din st`nga o cruce str`mb[ pe care e r[stignit un Hristos cu fa\a sp[l[cit[ de ploi =i cu o cununi\[ de flori ve=tede ag[\at[ de picioare. Sufl[ o adiere u=oar[ =i Hristos ]=i tremur[ jalnic trupul de tinichea ruginit[ pe lemnul m`ncat de carii =i ]nnegrit de vremuri.
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