9781108425018 Index.Pdf

Cambridgebelow Heaven University Press 978-1-108-42501-8Kumazawa Banzan ,— Edited Kumazawa and translated Banzan: Governingby John A. theTucker Realm and Bringing Peace to All Index More Information

Index

Accumulating Righteousness, Further Writings, Asami Keisai, xi lxxx; Banzan’s remarks on Christianity, Ashikaga school,  xxii; Responding to the Great Learning, lxviii; Ashikaga shogunate,  Shinto¯, cii august supreme monarch: ultimate filial piety, Accumulating Righteousness, Japanese Writings, lxxiii xxvi, xli, xliv; Banzan on Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming, lxxviii; Banzan’s reflections on Baopuzi: early variation of keizai, xlix confinement, xlviii; Banzan’s understanding Battle of Sekigahara: Banzan’s family, xx; of the Great Learning, lxi; Responding to the Fujiwara Seika, xix Great Learning, lxviii; Shinto¯, cii Bodhidharma: temple construction and age of chaos and disorder: following spiritual merit,  degradation of mountains and rivers, , ; Book of Changes, xxv; hexagram kui,  impact on Buddhist clergy, ; revival of Book of Rituals, lxii, lxiii, lxxiv; education, civ; Buddhism,  the Great Learning, xviii, lvii; the great way, Akamatsu Hiromichi: Fujiwara Seika, xviii xcii; importance of mountains and rivers, Akashi: Banzan’s custody, xliii xcvii alternate attendance, xcv, ; Banzan calls Brief Explanation of the Analects of Confucius, for reductions in, xcv; compassionate xliv government, lii; outer lords, xxi; preparation Brief Explanation of the Great Learning: for invasion by northern barbarians, ; Banzan’s second study of the Great reduction of for debt elimination, ; Learning, xliv, lxiv; in Banzan’s corpus, skipping in order to prepare for invasion lxvii by northern barbarians, ; Tokugawa Buddhism, xxvi; ancient regulations for economy, xciii entering priesthood, ; Banzan’s proposals Amaterasu: Fu Xi, xxv; shrine in Ise, ; and Meiji policies, liv; Banzan’s thoughts virtuous rule,  on clergy, ci; the brink of ruin in Japan, Analects: compassionate government, ; Buddhists should not be teachers of lxxxvii ethics, ; Christianity, ci; compassionate Anthology of Old and New Poems: Shigeyama- government, lii, lxix; Confucianism, xvii; mura, xxxv day of remembrance, ; few sincere archery and horsemanship: in samurai practitioners, ; impact on China, lxvi; education,  infirmity of relying excessively upon, ;

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© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridgebelow Heaven University Press 978-1-108-42501-8Kumazawa Banzan ,— Edited Kumazawa and translated Banzan: Governingby John A. theTucker Realm and Bringing Peace to All Index More Information

Index

Buddhism (cont.) ro¯ nin, vagrants, the unemployed, and the mastery of three-fold training, ; Meiji impoverished, ; assistance to those in period, x; monks as robbers and thieves, need, xcvi; Banzan’s ideal, li; Christianity, ; not mentioned in the Great Learning, c; conflagrations, ; debt elimination, lxvi; oneness with all things, lxv; relation to xcv, , , ; drought control, ; Christianity, xxii; revival of, ci; Seika and droughts and flooding, ; the duties of Lin Zhao’en, lxxi; temple regulations, ; the people’s ministers, ; elimination of timber usage,  Christianity, ; elimination of temple registration requirement, ; the eternal calamities and disasters: heaven’s warnings,  way, ; expedient alternatives to, cv; castles: timber usage,  financial benefits of, ; floods, xcii ; the channels of communication, lxxxix; closed importance of a reliable livelihood, lxix; when rulers rely on selfishness and jinsei, x; King Tang, ; labor management, partialities, ; importance of maintaining, ; land reclamation projects, ; loving ; should be open, ,  the people, lxvi; meant to enhance wealth Chen Beixi: Hayashi Razan, xvii and socio-political strength, c; the Mencius, Cheng Yi, lxiii; Ito¯ Jinsai, lxxvi; the Great lxi; mountains and rivers, ; people’s Learning, xviii, xviii, lxii; Zhu Xi on the ruler, , ; provides abundance for Great Learning, lvi everyone, ; rarity in history, ; reduced China: as the source of Japanese culture, ; alternate attendance requirement, , ; Christianity, ; importance of for Japanese re-engineering of the Tokugawa polity, ethical and spiritual culture, ; teacher of xcix; relies on the essence of Confucianism all within the four seas,  and Buddhism, ; Responding to the Chinese classics and commentaries: best Great Learning, lii; return of samurai to explain the three treasures of Japan, ; in countryside, ; rulers, xcviii; succession of education, ; record methods of the early bad harvests, ; way to govern the realm kings, ; Shinto¯, cii and bring peace to all below heaven, ; Chinese notion of a sage: Japanese kami, ; wealth, ; the well-being of the people, ; spiritual luminosity,  when realized,  Christianity: Banzan’s distaste for, xxii; compassionate mind: of the shogun, ; Banzan’s early opposition to, xxiii; Banzan’s people’s ruler,  teachings a variation of, xxxiii; China, ci; compassionate rulers: do not have to be a sage compassionate government, lii; eliminating, to govern well, ; fondness of material ; oneness with all things, lxv; Shimabara things, ; wealth, xci Uprising, xxi; temple registration criticized, Confucian Existentialism, liv c; Wang Yangming teachings, xl Confucian scholars from Kingdom of Chronicles of Japan: Banzan’s thoughts on, Baekje: brought to Japan to teach cii; omits important dimensions of Shinto¯, Confucianism,   Confucian utopian vision: the great way, xcii Classic of Filial Piety: To¯ju’s lectures on, xxv; Confucianism: Banzan’s criticism of To¯ju’s lectures on, xxiv contemporary expressions of, ; Buddhists Commentary on the Great Treatise of the Book borrowed from, ; considered an of Changes, xliv expression of Buddhism, ; elimination Commentary and Questions on the Classic of of Christianity, ; enlightened teachers, Filial Piety: Banzan’s first reference to ci; foundation for reviving Shinto¯, ; Responding to the Great Learning, xlix infirmity of relying excessively upon, ; commoners: in education of the realm,  not well suited to Japan’s environmental compassionate government, lxxxv; as way circumstances, xxv; Seika’s study at a Zen to avoid war and chaos, ; assistance for temple, xvii; Shinto¯, xxiv

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Index

Correct Meanings of the Great Learning: Lin in, xxxiii; Hayashi Razan and Zhu Xi Zhao’en’s thinking on the Great Learning, Confucianism, xv; outer lords, xxi; samurai lxxi residences and timber usage, ; well-ﬁeld cotton cultivation: Banzan’s plan to stop, ; system for vacated land,  in rice ﬁelds,  elevating the worthy: open channels of creative processes of the cosmos: assisting, communication,  ; obstruction of leads to calamities and Essentials of the Great Learning: Fujiwara Seika, disasters, ; ruling, ciii; way of humanity lxiii; Seika’s emphasis on political message should assist, ; way to assist,  of, xviii; Seika’s legacy, xviii cultural and military subjects: to be taught at Essentials of Politics and Viable Administrative schools,  Measures: alternative name for Responding to currency, cv, ; Banzan’s proposal to use of the Great Learning, xlix rice as, xc, , ,  Established Text of the Great Learning: Ito¯ curriculum of schools: reading, writing, math, Jinsai’s assessment of the Great Learning, ritual, hunting, horsemanship, archery, lxxiv civ Evolution of the Rites, xcii Czarist Russia: rival of Japan in northeast Explanation of the Great Learning: Hayashi Asia, xcv Razan, lxxii

Daigaku heitenka no wakumon, xlix farmers and samurai, ; achieve peace, Daigaku wakumon, x, xiv happiness, prosperity in countryside, ; Daoism: Seika and Lin Zhao’en, lxxi improves martial strength, ; return to Daxue huowen, xiv advocated, ; should live in countryside Daxue wen, xxxi together,  Dazai Shundai, xiii, li; political economy father and mother of the people: heaven- genre, l decreed duty of the ruler, ; people’s debt elimination, ; Banzan’s proposals for, ruler,  xcv; in preparation for invasion by northern Fisher, Galen M., lix; first English language barbarians, ; managed by shogunate,  study of Banzan, lviii decree of heaven: Banzan’s thinking flooding and droughts, xcii–xciv, , ; about political legitimacy, lxxxv; favors Banzan’s concerns for, xcii; compassionate compassion and goodness, ; not for government, lii; Okayama domain, xxxiv; eternity, ; shogunal legitimacy, x; the prevention of,  Great Learning, lxxxvi Flower Garden Center, xxviii; Banzan’s Discussions of Master Wenzhong: includes early followers, xxxiii; Flower Garden Oath, xxix; variation of keizai, l Flower Garden Oath and Christianity, Discussions of Political Economy: alternative xxxiii name for Responding to the Great Learning, Four Books, xviii xlix Fu Xi: Amaterasu, xxv Discussions with an Old Man: Nakae To¯ju, Fu Yue: elevated from bricklaying,  xlii; Nakae To¯ju’s thinking on the Great Fujiwara Seika: early-modern Confucianism, Learning, lxxiii lxiii; Hayashi Razan, lxxi; Kyoto Confucianism, xvi–xx; legacy of, xx; the Edo, xi, xii, lxx; Banzan’s distance from, Great Learning, lxxi xx; Banzan’s early prominence in, xxxi; Banzan’s experiences in, xxxi; Banzan’s fall Ge Hong, xlix from favor in, xxxvii; Banzan’s first trip Gleanings from Political Economy: alternative to, xxi; Banzan’s last trip to, xliii; Banzan’s name for Responding to the Great Learning, vision for, xcix; criticism of Banzan xlix

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Index

governing the realm and bringing peace Han dynasty,  to all below heaven: ﬁnding the right Han Gaozu: heeded remonstration, ; ruled people,  with only three laws,  governing with education, civ, – Hayashi Gaho¯, xi government measures: domestic silk Hayashi Razan, xv, xxiv; critic of production, ; to ensure integrity of Christianity, xxiii; Fujiwara Seika, xvii; mountains and rivers, ; needed to prepare the Great Learning, lxxii; Nakae To¯ju’s Japan for possible invasion by northern criticism of, xxvi, xxxii; passing of, xxxvi; barbarians, ; to prevent upheaval, ; for the old text of the Great Learning, lxiii; reforesting mountains, ; for wealth and Wang Yangming, lxxi; Zhu Xi, lxxii plenty,  heaven-decreed duty of the people’s ministers, grand project for growing wealth, xc, – –; alternatives to, ; compassionate heaven-decreed duty of the people’s ruler, – government, x; economic worries of the heavenly disasters and earthly calamities, civ; day, ; expedient alternatives to, cv; the result when creative processes of cosmos are Great Learning, xci; reviving Japan, ; obstructed,  shogunal wealth, ; succession of bad helpless people: compassionate government, harvests, ; years of good harvests,   great emptiness: source of heaven and earth, Hirado, ; Banzan criticizes closing of, c; port lxxiii closed,  Great Learning, lxiii, lxiv; ancient Japanese Ho¯jo¯ regents: alternate attendance imperial realm, lxv; assistance for the requirement, ; Banzan praises, xcviii; elderly, ophans, and those in need, xcvi; governed excellently,  Banzan’s relationship to, xv; Banzan’s Hoshina Masayuki: opposition to Soko¯ and Responding to the Great Learning, lvi, lviii; Banzan, xl; Yamazaki Ansai, xxxviii, xliii; Banzan’s thinking on legitimacy, lxxxvi; Zhu Xi, xxxvii the grand project for growing wealth, Hotta Masatoshi: Banzan’s possible service to xci; Hayashi Razan, lxxi, lxxii; imperially the shogunate, xliii focused program of education, civ; importance for post-Song Confucianism, Ikeda Mitsumasa, xxvii; Banzan accompanied xviii; opening passage of, lix; political to Edo, xxx; Banzan’s concerns about project of, lx; Responding to the Great northern barbarian threat, xliv; Banzan’s Learning, lxviii, lxx; To¯ju’s lectures on, service to, xx; ﬂooding, xxxiv; passing xxiv, xxv; usage of the people’s ruler, of, xliv; Shizutani Academy, xli; ties to lxxxiv; Wang Yangming and Banzan, lvii; Tokugawa Ieyasu, xxi; warned about Wang Zhu Xi, lxii Yangming teachings, xxxiii great way, ; abandoned with reliance on imperial aristocracy: as teachers for the reward and punishment, ; as means realm, ; opportunities for, ; sent to to gain wealth for all, ; compassionate countryside as teachers,  government, ; education, ; expenses of imperial princesses,  the realm, ; facilitates return of samurai Inaba Hikobei, xlv; Banzan expresses his to countryside, ; farmers and samurai in concerns to, xliv the countryside, ; Great Learning, section inborn talents for governing: meaning of,  , xci; impact on Buddhism and Buddhist Inoue Tetsujiro¯: interpretations of the clergy, ; in the Book of Rituals, xcii; Ito¯ Japanese Wang Yangming School, xxiv Jinsai, lxxv; shogun must implement, ; Inquiry on the Great Learning, lvi, lvii; silk imports, ; timber supply, ; when it Confucian mysticism, xxxi; Wang prevails in the world,  Yangming, lii

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Index

intuitive ethical knowledge, xxix; Wang Kumazawa Banzan: Accumulating Yangming’s thinking on, lv Righteousness and the Great Learning, lxx; investigation of things, lxii; Banzan’s thinking as an independent thinker, lxxvii–lxxxiii; on, lxvii; Wang Yangming’s thinking, lv; assisting ro¯nin and the needy, xcvi; Brief Zhu Xi’s addition of Cheng Yi’s remarks Explanation of the Great Learning, lxvi; on, lvi Christianity, xxiii; Christianity and temple Ise Shrine: virgin princesses, ,  registration, c–ci; debt elimination, xcv; Itakura Shigenori: Banzan’s exile to Akashi, xl disaster relief in Okayama, xxxv; early- Ito¯ Jinsai: Kyoto Confucian, xxxvii; the Great To¯kugawa studies of the Great Learning, Learning, lxxvii lxxvii; environmental concerns, xcvi, xcvii; Iwashimizu Hachiman Shrine,  exile in Yamato, xlvi; final years in Koga, xlix; Flower Garden Center, xxix; genre Japan: a sacred country, ; total debt,  of politicial economy (keizaigaku), liv; Japanese Explanation of the Great Learning: governing with education, civ–civ; grand Banzan’s early study of the Great Learning, project for growing wealth, –; Great ; anticipates Responding to the Great Learning, lviii–lxi; Japanese Explanation Learning, lxvi; criticizes Buddhism, lxvi; in of the Great Learning, lxviii; Kyoto Banzan’s corpus, lxvii Confucianism, xvi–xx; Kyoto’s imperial jewel, mirror, and sword: Japan’s sacred culture, xl; landless income, xcix; Mencius, texts,  lxxxiii–xc; northern barbarian threat, xciv– xcv; Okayama rifle brigade, xxx; people’s Kamakura shogunate: alternate attendance, ministers, lxxxviii–lxxxix; people’s xcv, xcviii, , ; Banzan admired, xcviii; ruler, lxxxiv–lxxxviii, ; prominence in Banzan’s admiration for, xi; ritual practices, Edo, xxxi; proposals regarding flooding  and droughts, xcii–xciv; relocation kami: Banzan’s explanation of, ; luminous and adoption, xxi; resignation, xxxvii; wisdom,  returning samurai to the countryside, Kamo Shrine: virgin princesses, ,  xcviii–xcix; reviving Buddhism, ci–cii; Kang Hang: Fujiwara Seika, xvii; impact on reviving Japan, ciii–civ, –; reviving Seika, xix; Tokugawa Ieyasu and Fujiwara Shinto¯, cii–ciii; rice as currency, cv; ro¯nin Seika, xix uprisings and Razan’s criticisms, xxxiv; keizai: political economy, xlix semi-exile in Akashi, xliii; silk and textiles, Keizai ben (Discussions of Political Economy), c; study with Nakae To¯ju, xxvii; synopsis xlix, liii of Responding to the Great Learning, Keizai ju¯i (Gleanings from Political Economy), lxxxiii–cvi; teachers for the realm, cv; xlix viable measures for saving the realm, ; Keizai katsuho¯ yo¯roku (Essentials of Politics and Wang Yangming, Confucian existentialists, Viable Administrative Measures), xlix lviii; wasted rice, ; Zhu Xi and the keizaigaku, xiii; political economy genre, Great Learning, lxiii; Zhu Xi and Wang xlix Yangming, lxxxiii King Tang: compassionate government, Kumazawa Morihisa, xx  Kyoto, xi, xi; Banzan expelled from, xxxix; King Wen: as the people’s ruler, lxxxiv Banzan’s birthplace, lxxvi; Banzan’s Kitako¯ji Toshimitsu, xlvi closeness to, xx; Banzan’s outlook, lxx; Kiyomizu,  Banzan’s preference for, xliii; Banzan’s Koga: Banzan’s burial, ix, xi, xlix; Banzan’s thinking on Shinto¯, lxiv; Banzan’s time in, final confinement, xlvi xxxviii; Confucianism, xvi; Fujiwara Seika, Ko¯riyama: Banzan’s custody, xliii xix; Matsunaga Sekigo, xxiii; O¯ mi, xxiv;

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Index

Kyoto (cont.) environmental concerns and the realm, xcvi; outer lords, xxi; rice as currency, ; role in the eternal way, ; importance of, xlii, education of the realm, ; silk marketing, xcvii; revival of Buddhism,  ; the spread of education,  Mt. Otokoyama,  Murasaki Shikibu, xxxviii, lxiv landless income: to be eliminated, xcix,  music: in samurai education,  learning of the mind: Banzan on, lxxix; Wang Yangming teachings, xxxiii Nagasaki,  Lin Zhao’en: Fujiwara Seika, lxxi; later Nakae To¯ju, xiv, xxiv; as a Wang Yangming follower of Wang Yangming, xvii scholar, liv; Banzan, lxxix; Banzan’s “love the people”: Nakae To¯ju’s interpretation relationship to, xxvii; Banzan’s study with, of, lxxiii; old text of the Great Learning, lxii, xxiii; Confucianism and governing, xxv; lxvi; Seika, lxxi criticism of Hayashi Razan, xxxii; the Great Lü Zuqian: Reflections on Things at Hand, xxx Learning, lxxiv; intuitive moral knowledge, lumberjacks: of Yoshino and Kumano,  lxi; Manchu threat, lxxiv; time, place, and circumstance, xlii, lxxix Manchu invasion, xi; China, xciv; control of New Discussions of Government and Political China, xlviii; Nakae To¯ju, lxxiv; northern Economy: alternative name for Responding to barbarians, xliv the Great Learning, xlix martial arts: in samurai education,  Nihon: often referred to in Responding to the Marubashi Chu¯ya: Yui Sho¯setsu, xxxii Great Learning, lxx Matsudaira Nobuyuki: Banzan’s detention, northern barbarians, xciv–xcv, , –, xli, xliii ; Banzan’s call for preparations for, Matsudaira Tadayuki: Banzan in custody of, xcv; Banzan’s fear of invasion by, xi, xliv, xlvi; Koga daimyo¯, xlix xciv; Banzan’s oneness with all things, lxv; Matsunaga Sekigo: critic of Christianity, xxiii Chinese writing not introduced to, ; McMullen, James: interpretation of Banzan, xiv compassionate government, lii; flight of Meiji period: accounts of keizaigaku genre, li; Buddhist monks, ; Manchus, ; Mongols, appreciation for Banzan during, xii; Banzan, ; need for preparations against, ; possible x; Banzan’s proposals, liii; education and impact on Buddhism, ; rice storage in Banzan’s proposals, liv; Japan’s rivalry with preparation for invasion by, ; social and Russia, xcv political consequences of, ; temporary men of high rank: valued by sages,  expedients needed to prepare for,  men of talent: compassionate government, lii Oda Nobunaga, xx Mencius, lxxxiii–xc; compassionate official stipends: Banzan’s opposition to government, lxi, lxix, lxxxvii; reference to hereditary stipends,  the people’s ruler, lxxxv Ogyu¯ Sorai, xii; Banzan, lxxvi; imperial methods of the mind, lxxix throne, lxiv; political writings of, l Middle Way: creative processes of the cosmos, Okayama, xxviii; Banzan’s rifle brigade, xxix; ciii; the Japanese three treasures, xxv, ; departure from, xxix; drought control, ; Shinto¯, cii, cii; To¯ju’s lectures on, xxiv, xxv; fall from favor in, xxxvii; flood control, Zhong yong, lxii ; flooding, xciii; impact on thinking, Ming dynasty, x lxix, lxx; proximity to Kyoto and Kyushu, Mongols: Japan, xciv xxiii; resignation from service to, xxxvii; mountains and rivers, xcvi–xcvii, ; as tozama, xxi foundations of the realm, ; chaos and Okina mondo¯, xlii disorder following degradation of, ; Osaka, xc; and Edo, rice shipped to, xciii; rice compassionate government, lii, lxix; as currency, 



Index

people’s ministers, –; in the Mencius, Wang Yangming’s Inquiry on the Great lxxxviii–lxxxix Learning, lii, xxxi, lvi, lvii people’s ruler, lxxxiv, lxxxvi, –; utmost Responding to the Great Learning and Bringing brilliance of,  Peace to the Realm below Heaven: mentioned Plan for an Age of Great Peace: Sorai and in Banzan’s Commentary and Questions on political economy genre, l the Classic of Filial Piety, xlix Political Discussions, xii; Sorai and political returning samurai to the countryside, xc, economy genre, l –; compassionate government, xcviii; poverty, ,  Meiji period, x pragmatic relativism, xiv, xv, xxvii revering good counsel,  prime minister, , ,  reviving Buddhism,  reviving Japan, –; achieved through Qin dynasty: criminalized remonstration,  education, ; worthy rulers, ciii reviving Shinto, ; Confucianism as reading and writing: in samurai education,  foundation for,  Reflections on Things at Hand: Zhang Zai, xxx rewards and punishments, ; in ancient reforestation: of timber-stripped mountains,  Japan, ; not integral to practicing the way, reliable mind and heart: a reliable livelihood, ; should not be relied upon excessively, lxix  relocating people: to Kyushu for improved rice: as a unit of currency, ; as currency,  circumstances,  rice, wasted, ,  renew the people: new text of the Great rifle brigade, xxix; Banzan’s service with, xxxii Learning, lxii; Seika, lxxi; Zhu Xi’s rites and music: best means to gain people’s emendation of the Great Learning, lxvi consent,  reservoirs, – ritual behavior: in samurai education,  Responding to the Great Learning, xiii, lxxvi; ro¯nin: as military threats during times of Accumulating Righteousness, lxviii; advocacy upheaval, ; compassionate government, of education, xli; anticipated by Japanese ; population doubled, ; suffering of,  Explanation of the Great Learning, lxvi; ro¯nin scholar: Banzan as, lxx Banzan’s command of the rifle brigade, xxx; ro¯nin, vagrants, the unemployed, and the and Banzan’s earlier thinking on the Great impoverished: assistance for, ; Banzan’s Learning and the Analects, lxi; Banzan’s plan for helping, xcvi perspective on self-cultivation, lx; chapter summary, lxxxiii–cvi; compassionate sages and worthies: limited political power government, lii; Confucianism and of,  governing, xxvi; criticisms of hereditary saké, xciii, ; Banzan’s thoughts on, cvi; stipends, xxxvi; Daigaku wakumon, x; closing breweries to prepare for northern Dazai Shundai, li; emphasis on time, place, barbarian invasion,  and circumstances, xv; environmental samurai curriculum, – concerns, xxxi; first publication of, liii; samurai residences, ; return to rice fields,  flood control preparations, xxxiv; in samurai women: labor force for silk and Banzan’s corpus, lxvii, lxvii; mountains textiles, c and rivers, xliii, xcvii; Nakae To¯ju’s samurai, farmers, artisans, and merchants, lxv, thought, lxxiv; northern barbarian threat, c, , , , , , , , ,  xlv; not published in Banzan’s day, xii; Seidan, xii oneness with all things, lxv; plan to reduce Sentetsu so¯dan, lxxvi Edo’s size, xxiii; political economy genre, Shigeyama-mura: Banzan’s name, xxxv l; quoted by Tokugawa scholars, xiii, li; Shimabara Uprising: Banzan, xxi; temple referred to as a secret writing, xlvi, xlix; registration, xxii

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Index

Shinkokinshu¯, xxxv three treasures: as Japan’s sacred texts, Shinsei keizai ben. See Banzan’s New Discussions ; as sacred texts, cii; as wisdom, of Government and Political Economy compassion, and courage, ; Chinese Shinto¯: Amaterasu, xxv; Banzan’s proposals classics and commentaries, ; and Meiji policies, liv; Banzan’s regard for, comparable to symbols of the Book of lxiv; borrowings from Confucianism, ; Changes, ; the Middle Way, ; most Buddhist impact on, lxvi; compassionate ancient texts of Shinto¯, xxv government, lii, lxix; Confucianism, time, place, and circumstance, xlii; Banzan’s xxvi; contemporary expressions, , emphasis on, xv; Banzan’s own disregard ; governing the realm and bringing for, lxxi; determinants in assessing things, peace to all below heaven, ; infirmity xlii; geography,  of relying excessively upon, ; Kyoto tobacco, : Banzan criticizes cultivation culture, xxxviii; Meiji period, x; no written of, xci; Banzan’s view of, xciii; ending literature in antiquity, ; ruling, cii; timber consumption of,  usage,  Tokugawa Iemitsu: Banzan, xxxi Shizutani Academy, xli Tokugawa Ieyasu: Hayashi Razan, xvii; Ikeda shogun: ability to transform the realm, ; Mitsumasa, xxi compassionate government and eternal Tokugawa Tsunayoshi: Banzan’s way, ; the great way, ; great way and unwillingness to serve, xliii; possibly learns compassionate government, ; influence of Banzan’s writings, xliv of his words, ; methods of the mind, Tokugawa Yoshimune, xii; Sorai’s political ; relationship with daimyo¯, ; role in writings, l education, civ Toyotomi Hideyoshi: Korean invasions, silk and textiles, –; plan for domestic xvii production of, c; samurai, ; short-term tozama scholar: Banzan as, lxx need to import, c six infirmities of the mind: ruling, ciii unity of the three teachings: Banzan’s disuse spiritual lord: governs the realm below heaven, for, lxxix  upheaval, civ, , , , , , , , , spiritual way of heaven and earth: tenchi no ; resulting from poverty and distress, Shinto¯,   starvation, xxxiv, lxix, xc, xci, cv, , , , , , , ; resulting from invasion by vagrancy and starvation: due to poorly northern barbarians,  managed land reclamation projects,  sumptuary laws,  “Variant Editions of the Great Learning”: Susanoo,  Hayashi Razan on the Great Learning, lxxii Taira Kiyomori,  Vernacular Explanation of the Great Learning: Tale of Genji: Banzan’s admiration of, xxxviii; Hayashi Razan, lxxii Banzan’s view of, lxiv; completion in viable measures, lxxxiii; for saving the Akashi, xli country,  Tale of Miwa, xxxviii–xxxix virgin princesses,  Tanaka Magojuro¯, xlvi, xlvii teachers, , –; Kyoto’s aristocracy and Wang Anshi: Song references to jingji/keizai, cultured elite, cv l teachers for the realm,  Wang Ji: influence on To¯ju, xxiv; Nakae To¯ju, temple registration, xxii, , , , ; xlii, lxxiii Banzan’s criticism of, xxii; futility of, ci Wang Tong, xlix



Index

Wang Yangming, xlii, liv; alleged the Great Learning, lxxi; Hayashi Razan’s heterodoxies, xxviii; as a military thoughts on the Great Learning, lxxi commander, xxx; Banzan, lxxi; Banzan’s distance from, lxvii; Banzan’s references Ximing, xxx to, xxxii; Christianity, xl, ci; Confucian Xuanzong,  existentialism, lv; Confucian mysticism, xxxi; exiled, lvi; Fujiwara Seika, lxxi; the Yamaga Soko¯, xi; Banzan, xxxii; sent into Great Learning, xviii; impact on Seika, exile, xl; Shinto¯, xxv; Hoshina Masayuki’s xix; in early Tokugawa Japan, xiv; Inoue passing, xliii Tetsujiro¯’s views of, xxiv; Inquiry on the Yamato Province: droughts and floods,  Great Learning, lii; intuitive knowledge, Yamazaki Ansai: as an Edo Confucian, lxx; xxix, lxi; learning of the mind, xxxiii; Hoshina Masayuki, xxxviii, xl; passing Nakae To¯ju, lxxii; the old text of the of, xliii; Shinto¯, xxv; teacher of Hoshina Great Learning, lxiii; quashes rebellions, Masayuki, xxxvii lvii; rejects Zhu Xi’s work on the Great Yang Guifei,  Learning, lxii; rival of Zhu Xi, xvii; teaching Yao: conception of the middle way, ; of oneness with all things, lxiv consequences of poverty of the realm, Warring States’ period: education,   way for loving women,  Yi Yin: elevated from farming,  way of heaven: exemplifies compassion and Yu: channels of communication, ; punished love,  people but did not reward,  way of humanity: governing the realm, ; Yui Sho¯setsu: Banzan, xxxi, xxxii schools teach,  way of the minister: modeled on the way of Zhang Liang and Kongming,  earth,  Zhang Zai: oneness with all things, lxv; way of the ruler: follows heaven,  Western Inscription, xxx way of the true king: generous compassion of,  Zhong yong. See the Middle Way wealth: compassionate government,  Zhu Xi, lxiii, lxvi, lxxiv; Banzan’s well-field system: Mencian compassionate distance from, lxvii; Banzan’s historical government, lxix contextualization of, lxiii; Christianity, ci; Western Inscription: oneness with all things, lxv; the Great Learning, lvii, lxi, lxii; Fujiwara Zhang Zai, xxx Seika, lxxi; Fujiwara Seika and Hayashi Western Inscription for Japan: Banzan and the Razan, lxxi; Hayashi Razan, xvii, lxxii; environment, xxx impact on Seika, xix; in early Tokugawa wisdom, compassion, and courage: Shinto¯, ; Japan, xiv; Ito¯ Jinsai, lxxvi; Razan’s utmost virtues of all below heaven,  interpretations of, xxxvi; To¯ju, xxiv; wives and children of samurai: silk production, Wang Yangming, lv; Wang Yangming’s  opposition to, lvi; Yamazaki Ansai, xliii; worthy ruler: necessary for reviving Japan,  Zhang Zai, lxv Writings on Political Economy: quotes Banzan, Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming: Kumazawa li; Shundai and political economy genre, l Banzan’s thinking on, lxxvii–lxxxiii Writings on the Three Virtues: Hayashi Razan Zhu Xi’s Commentaries on the Four Books: and the old text of the Great Learning, lxiii; Banzan’s early reading of, xxiv

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