Region Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction PROGRAM for 2009/2012 Presentation Plan

• Current state review: Cadastre of greenhouse gas emissions in the power sector • Cadastre of emissions in industry, agriculture and forestry • Major trends Reduction pathways for emissions, priorities, and reserves • Measures to improve the situation and financial payoff Natural greenhouse effect Man-induced greenhouse effect

Carbonic dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide

СО2, СH4, N2O,…

СО2, СH4, N2O,… 1 21 310 CFCs, HFCs, SF6,… 26900

Greenhouse gas emission ∆E Greenhouse gas emission Kyoto Protocol

Emission quotas

Quota trading

110

105

100

Емісії, % 95

90

85 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Inventory of Greenhouse Gases

Reporting Country (International level commitments)

зобов’язання)

making -

Region

level Decision , ,

, The Lviv Region

Elementary area Authorities level

Building the Emission Cadastres for the Lviv Region

Point sources Linear sources Plane sources

B 8 9 10 11 P 8 9 10 11 R 8 9 10 11 l1 l2 A1 A2 l A (x,y) 29 31 32 29 30 31 32 29 30 31 32 30 E *l /l A3 A4 31,P 1 9,R R 1 50 51 52 53 E * A / A 50 53 50 51 52 53 31,B B 4 51 52 Major Inventotry Sectors: - power engineering, - industry, - agriculture, forestry Fixed Emission Sources: Electricity and Heat Production

CO2 specific emissions from burning coal, natural gas, firewood for heating, black oil, and peat bricks by boiler plants at the elementary area level 2 km x2 km within the „Heat and Electric Energy Sector‟ Fixed Emission Sources: Electricity and Heat Production

Greenhouse gas emission structure at the 2 km x 2km elementary area level within the „Heat and Electric Energy‟ sector

TPP HPP Boiler Plants Firewood, Black Natural Coal Natural gas Natural gas Coal black oil, oil gas peat

СО2 equiv.(tons) 1, 2, 749,420 96,070 630 273,460 243,270 087,460 31,990 Fixed Emission Sources: Electricity and Heat Production

CO2 emission structure within the „Heat and electric Energy Production‟ sector at the administrative district level (log.scale) Fixed Emission Sources: Electricity and Heat Production

CDE greenhouse gas emission structure within the Electric Energy and Heat Production sector Fixed Emission Sources: Housing Sector

CO2 specific emissions from burning the coal sold to general public within the region, shown at the level of elementary areas 2km x 2km (kg/кm2) Fixed Emission Sources: Housing Sector

CO2 specific emissions from burning the natural gas sold to the general public within the region, shown at the level of elementary areas 2km x 2km (kg/кm2) Fixed Emission Sources: Housing Sector

CO2 specific emissions Prism Map for the emissions from burning the natural gas sold to the general public within the region, shown at the level of elementary areas 2km x 2km (kg/кm2) Fixed Emission Sources: Housing Sector

CO2, CH4 та N2O Total Emission Prism Map for the emissions from burning the fuel of all types sold to the general public within the region (kg/кm2; CDE) Fixed Emission Sources: Housing Sector

CO2, CH4 та N2O Total Emissions Structure for the emissions from burning the fuel of all types sold to the general public within the region (tons; CDE)

The whole region:

3% 1% 0% 2%

Камяне вугілля 94% Природний газ Скраплений газ Дрова для опалення Торф'яні брикети Industry and construction: burning the fuels

Greenhouse Gas Specific Emission Map for burning the coal for industrial needs (2km x 2 km, kg/km2; CDE) Industry and construction: burning the fuels

CO2, CH4 та N2O Total Emission Prism Map for the emissions from using all types of fuels in the processing industry sector, at the 2km x 2 km area level (kg/кm2; CDE) Accompanying Emissions: Coal Extraction (Black Oil Emission)

СН4 specific emissions during coal extraction (кg/кm2)

Annual levels of the accompanying methane emissions during coal extraction Annual coal output СH4 emissions Region (tons) (kgs) Lviv 2 012 000 33 566 196 Accompanying Emissions: Oil and Gas Extraction

Direct Effect Greenhouse Gas (СH4, CO2, N2O) Emissions during Oil and Natural Gas Extraction (кg/кm2; CDE)

Map of Gas and Oil Fields Power Sector Fixed Sources: Overall Emissions

СО2, CH4 та N2O Specific 3,00E+09 Emission Spatial Distribution 2,50E+09 Prism Map for emissions from 2,00E+09 burning the fuels by the fixed 1,50E+09 sources within the Power Sector 1,00E+09 ( kg CDE/km2, scale with values raised to 0.4 power) 5,00E+08

0,00E+00 1 2 3 4 5 6

Fixed Source Types (CDE): 1 – Housing Sector 2 – Industry 3 - Electricity and Heat Production ( TPP excluded) 4 – Electricity and Heat Production (TPP) 5 – Coal Extraction 6 – Oil and Gas Extraction Mobile Emission Sources: Transport Sector

CО2, СН4 та N2O Specific Emissions from the Combustion of Motor Petrol by Vehicles Owned by the General Public and Legal Entities, CED (kg/km2) Mobile Emission Sources: Transport Sector

Estimated greenhouse gas emissions evaluated on the basis of fuel combustion and mileage figures

Emission СО СН N O Fuel type 2 4 2 evaluation (kgs) (kgs) (kgs) method

Petrol 144, 094, 562 68, 616 6,653 Estimations based on fuel Diesel Fuel 276, 814, 592 14, 569 14, 569 combustion figures Natural Gas 21, 605, 361 77, 024 7, 703

Petrol 152, 596, 531 62, 132 5, 300

Estimations based on Diesel Fuel 280, 370, 744 21, 403 11, 573 mileage

Natural Gas 16, 467, 780 63, 784 6, 132 Mobile Emission Sources: Transport Sector

Emission Inventory Results Comparison for estimations made on the basis of the fuel used and mileage

Emission Relative Difference

Старосамбірськ ий район Mobile Emission Sources: Transport Sector

Carbon Dioxide Emission Structure for the fuel combusted by road transport in the Lviv region, by fuel grades, vehicles types, and administrative districts Mobile Emission Sources: Off the Road Transport

Methane specific emissions from the fuel combusted for the operation if mobile equipment during construction works (kg/km2) Mobile Emission Sources: Off the Road Transport

СО2, CH4 та N2O Specific Emission Spatial Distribution from the petrol, diesel fuel, and natural gas combusted for the operation of machines in the agriculture ( kg CDE/km2) Mobile Emission Sources: Off the Road Transport

CO2 Specific Emission from the diesel fuel combusted for the locomotive draft Mobile Emission Sources: Overall Cadastre

Overall Cadastre of СО2, CH4 та N2O specific emissions by the mobile emission sources from the petrol, diesel fuel, LNG, and natural gas combusted (kg CDE/ km2) Mobile Emission Sources: Overall Cadastre

Nitrous oxide emission structure for mobile emission sources

Types of mobile sources:

60000 1 Road Transport 50000 (private property) 2 40000 Railway transport

30000 3 Road transport (owned by legal 20000 entities) 4 10000 Off the Road Transport 0 1 2 3 4 Power Sector Overall Emissions from Mobile and Fixed Sources

СО2 Overall Specific Emission Prism Map for emissions from all Power Sector source subclasses ( kg /km2, scale with values raised to 0.4 power, 2km x 2km areas) Power Sector: Overall Emissions from Mobile and Fixed Sources

Methane (CH4) Overall Specific Emission Prism Map for all Power Sector source subclasses (kg/km2) Industrial Sector: Cement Production

Greenhouse gas emission during the cement production process

Carbon Sulphur Cement, Company dioxide dioxide tons СО2, tons SO2, tons

Mykolaivcement 1, 128,000 562,300 338.4 Public Corporation Industrial Sector: Meet Foods Production

Non-methane volatile organic carbons (NMVOCs) specific emissions during the meet foods production process Agricultural Sector: Cattle Breeding

Methane (CH4) specific emissions from internal fermentation in milk livestock, households Agricultural Sector: Cattle Breeding

Methane (CH4) specific emissions from the internal fermentation in pigs, households Agricultural Sector: Cattle Breeding

Methane (CH4) specific emissions structure for emissions from manure disintegration, by districts within the Lviv region Forestry

Forest growth: carbon dioxide absorbed (positive process)

Forest felling: Greenhouse gas emission (negative process) Forestry: absorption

Map showing carbon dioxide absorbed by forests within the region (tons/km2) Forestry: carbon balance “Absorption” – “Emissions”

Carbon Balance Bar Graph, tons (administrative districts level) Forestry: carbon balance “Absorption” – “Emissions”

The Lviv region

Śląsk Voivodship Emissions Structure

Overall emissions, CDE

1% 1% Житловий сектор 7% Транспортний сектор (фіз. власність) 23% 13% Транспортний сектор (юрид. власність) Переробна промиловість

3% Переробка нафти 5% Виробництво електро- та теплоенергії (ТЕЦ ) Виробництво електро- та теплоенергії (ТЕС ) 11% Виробництво електро- та теплоенергії (котельні установки ) 28% Позашляховий транспорт 6% Супутні емісії - видобуток вугілля

2% Супутні емісії - видобуток нафти та газу Emissions Structure

Emissions Structure at the administrative district level (log. scale) Emissions Structure: Power Sector

Емісії СН4 (Гг) Emissions Structure by specific greenhouse gases 40 35 Activity Classes: 30 1 – Housing Sector 25 2 – Transport Sector 20 3 – Fuel burnt in industry 15 4 – Heat and electricity production, oil processing 10 5 – Off the road transport 5 6 – Accompanying emissions (fuel products 0 extraction) 1 2 3 4 5 6

Емісії СО2 (Гг) Емісії N2O (Гг)

0,12 5000 4500 0,1 4000 3500 0,08 3000 2500 0,06 2000 0,04 1500 1000 0,02 500 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 Emissions Structure: Power Sector The percentage share of specific greenhouse gases and fuel types in the overall emission level ( with the account of greenhouse effect factor)

CH4 N2O 8% 0%

CO2 92% Emissions Cadastre: 50 km х 50 km cells

Divided into 50 km х 50 km cells Road Transport: 50 km х 50 km cells

СО2, СН4 та N2О specific emissions from the fuel combusted for the operation of road transport (CDE, kg/km2; 50 km x 50 km areas) Housing Sector: 50 km х 50 km cells

СО2, СН4 та N2О specific emissions from the fuel of all types burnt by the Lviv region population (СDE; kg/кm2; 50 km х 50 km areas) Power Sector: Overall Emissions, 50 km х 50 km

СО2, СН4 та N2О overall specific emissions in the Lviv region power sector і (СDE; кg/кm2; 50 km х 50 km areas) Power Sector: Overall Emissions, 50 km х 50 km СО2, СН4 and N2О overall emissions in the Lviv region power sector (СDE; кg/кm2; 50 km х 50 km areas)

Cell Overall specific Overall emissions in the power sector emissions

No Area СО2 (kg) N2O (kg) СН4 (kg) CDE (kg) CDE. (kg/кm2)

1 154 8 371 522 133 539 53 793 8 558 854 55 676 2 75 5 209 894 108 815 28 841 5 347 549 71 550 3 348 60 498 764 624 621 285 952 61 409 337 176 368 4 2 048 459 492 264 4 157 957 706 470 981 1 170 121 202 571 284 5 1 935 3 057 642 700 14 956 709 1 593 588 3 074 192 996 1 588 632 6 318 54 010 566 276 881 187 875 54 475 322 171 183 7 126 16 780 613 233 830 98 458 17 112 902 135 935 8 2 132 453 746 345 4 172 074 22 098 038 480 016 458 225 142 9 2 501 2 790 759 581 18 089 560 7 766 791 2 816 615 931 1 126 245 10 2 475 296 834 448 2 738 778 1 289 364 300 862 590 121 570 11 697 67 125 719 644 030 352 332 68 122 081 97 772 12 777 59 275 857 683 874 383 964 60 343 695 77 656 13 2 524 1 040 449 967 5 708 109 22 423 095 1 068 581 171 423 345 14 2 517 687 220 052 5 018 590 9 548 250 701 786 892 278 822 15 571 40 824 916 357 528 249 863 41 432 306 72 586 16 156 2 501 931 165 012 32 236 2 699 179 17 265 17 2 095 87 815 253 1 254 803 996 654 90 066 709 42 988 18 297 72 441 056 702 803 360 127 73 503 986 247 079 Trends: Fixed Sources

Green house gas emissions (tons) 2006 2008 Activity Class CDE N CO CH 2 CDE CO CH N O CDE emission 2 4 O 2 4 2 difference

2 832 495 30 42 2 846 145 2 827 821 29 40 2 840 830 - 5 315

TPP 273 208 5 0.5 273 462 238 603 4 0.43 238 820 - 34 642 Boiler plants 1 360 217 26 6 1 362 623 1 233 902 24 5.7 1 236 173 - 126 450 Oil processing 210 120 9 2 210 929 148 034 6 1.2 148 532 - 62 397 Housing 2 285 995 490 7 2 298 455 2 155 082 450 6.3 2 166 485 - 131 970 sector Industry 618 664 17 2 619 641 597 145 16 1.9 598 070 - 21 571 Accomp. 8 127 35 807 0.1 760 105 7 900 34 828 0.09 739 316 - 20 789 emissions Fixed sources 2 470 336 36 384 59 8 371 360 7 991 682 35 357 56 7 968 226 - 403 134 total Trends: Mobile Sources

Greenhouse gas emissions 2006 2008 Activity class CDE N CO CH 2 CDE CO CH N O CDE emission 2 4 O 2 4 2 difference Road transport (natural 1 072 477 300 53 1 095 131 1 102 589 325 54 1 126 154 + 31 023 persons)

Road transport 448 729 166 29 461 200 572 347 190 35 587 187 + 125 987 (legal entities)

Off the road 55 769 12 19 60 768 76 944 17 26 85 361 + 24 593 transport Railway 88 114 5 34 98 760 89 000 6 35 99 976 + 1 216 Transport

Mobile sources 1 665 089 483 135 1 715 859 1 840 880 538 150 1 898 678 + 182 819 total Emission Reduction Pathways Financial Effect Electricity and Heat Production

Promoting the adoption of up-to-date fuel burning processes by the electricity and heat production companies. Special focus shall be made on reducing the emissions at the TPP and Lviv TPP. Dobrotvir TPP : Direct effect greenhouse gas CO2, CH4, and N2O) emission reduction by 5% USD 3, 400,000 / year

To reduce ambiguity in in the greenhouse has emission inventor, obtain rectified data on the annual usage of coal supplied to the Dobrotvir TPP. and its basic physical and chemical characteristics.

Reducing by 50% of the data ambiguity related to the net fuel heat capacity at the Dobrotvir TPP will affect the ambiguity in the Overall emissions Cadastre for the Lviv region (Power Sector: Mobile and Fixed Emission Sources) 9.1% 7.5% Our Neighbours‟ Experiences!

August 2009 Zakhidenergo Public Corp. – RWE Power (Germany) Reconstruction of Power Unit #7 at the BurshtynTPP

Stage 1: Emission reduction 70,000 tons/ year EUR 560,000/ year EUR 1,300,000 by 2012 !!! EUR 5,700,000 by 2020 !!!

Stage 2: Emission reduction 110,000 tons/ year EUR 880,000/ year EUR 1,300,000 by 2012 !!! EUR 8,400,000 by 2020 !!! Electricity and Heat Production

Promoting the modernisation of heating system and adoption of power-saving technologies at the industrial businesses and institutions within the region, and also at the Lviv railway facilities, aimed at reducing the heat usage and thus reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the fuel burnt at boiler plants. Reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from burning the fuel used in the heat production process at the boiler plants within the Lviv region by: 5% USD1, 500,000 / year

Reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from burning the fuel used in the heat production process at the boiler plants in Lviv by: 5% USD 770,000 / year Housing Sector

Promoting actively the usage of fuels with a low emission level by the Lviv region population and adoption of the up-to-date power- saving technologies in households, thus reducing the greenhouse gas emissions in the housing sector

Reducing the direct effect greenhouse gas emissions in the Lviv region housing sector by: 5% USD 2,870,000 /year

Reducing the direct effect greenhouse gas emissions in the Lviv housing sector by: : 5% USD 600,000 /year Production and processing of extractable fuels Promoting the reduction of greenhouse gas (methane and carbon dioxide) emissions in the oil processing sector, and at the Halychyna Oil-Processing Plant in particular, through adoption of the modern processes for furnace gas deep purification Reducing the СО2 emissions at the Halychyna OPPby: 10% USD 520,000 /year

Promoting the reduction of greenhouse gas (primarily methane) emissions during the extraction of coal, oil, and gas through the recovery and disposal of accompanying gases. A special focus shall be made on the improvements in the coal extraction process in the district, and also in the oil and has extraction process in the Khidnovychi, Pyniany, and Bilch-Volytsia gas fields, Zaluzhany and oil-gas condensated fields, Stary , Zavadiv, and Stynava oil fields.

Reducing the emissions on the oil and gas extraction sector within the Lviv region by : 15% USD 207,000 /year Road Transport

Promoting the reduction of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, carbon oxide and nitrous oxide) in the Transport Sector, and primarily in Lviv, , , , and major highways within the region. Providing the continuous monitoring of vehicle inspections for compliance with emission standards, and their equipment with converters and exhaust filters. Reducing the direct effect greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4, and N2O) emissions from the operation of Road Transport within the Lviv region by 5% USD1, 944,000 / year

Reducing the Road Transport emissions in Lviv by : 5% USD 320,000 /year

Reducing the greenhouse gas emissions from Transport in four cites within the Lviv region only (Lviv, Drohobych, Chervonograd, Stryi) in the average by : 10% USD 830,000 /year Car Transport

Facilitating the organisation of a continuous instrumental control of vehicle emissions and extension of inspection and diagnostics points network shall be among priority tasks aimed at reducing the greenhouse has emissions.

Promoting the preparation and adopting of technological standards for the major pollution agents in the transport sector, drawing on the modern technologies.

Promoting the creation of a wide gas filling station network in the large cities within the Lviv region, and re-equipment of the car park to use more environmentally friendly fuels.

To ensure adjustment of the statistical information on the fuel combusted by the road transport with the yearly car mileage, in the Stary Sambir district in particular, to improve the accuracy of the greenhouse gas emissions inventory in the Transport Sector. More accurate emissions inventory is an important aspect in the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol, and the quote trading in particular, since only a part of quotas is subject to trading: ie the one remaining once the Cadastre ambiguity has been removed from the estimated difference (between the evaluated and allowed emissions) Railway Transport

Promoting the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the Railway Transport through extending the network of electrified railway sections and adoption of electric traction for railway transportation

Reducing the direct effect greenhouse gas (CO2, CH4, and N2O) emissions in the Lviv region Railway Transport sector by : 10% USD 250,000 / year Industrial Processes

Promoting the adoption of the cutting edge technologies aimed at reducing the the greenhouse gas emissions in the Industrial Sector: • in the cement production process at the Mykolaivcement Public Corp. (reducing the direct effect greenhouse gas emissions by 5% - quota of USD 400,000/year); • in the lime production process, and primarily at the Administration of Lime Plants and the Lviv Construction Products Plant; • in the glass and glass products production, and primarily at the Lviv Insulator Plant, Glass and Mirror Works, Glass Works, and The Iskra Production Association; • In the paper and board production process, and primarily at the Pulp and Paper Plant, Kokhavynka Paper Plant, and Lvivkartonplast Public Corporation. To promote the adoption of up-to-date technologies aimed at reducgin the emissions of non-methane volatile compounds at the Lviv Locomotive Repair Plant. . Industrial Processes Promoting the adoption of up-to-date technologies aimed at reducing the greenhouse gas emissions during the production of foodstuffs, and namely: • production of meat foods by the meat-processing companies in the region; • production of sugar (The Zolochivtsukor Close Corporation, The Sugar Factory Open Corporation); • production of seed-oil and edible fats (The Lviv Fat Plant Close Corporation); • production of bread and bakery foods by the bakeries and bread-baking plants in the region.

Promoting the adoption of up-to-date technologies aimed at reducing the greenhouse gas emissions during the production of beverages, and namely: •production of distilled alcohol beverages at The Lviv Distillery Close Corporation and The Lviv Winery; •production of ethyl alcohol by fermentation ( Alcohol Factories in Birky, Velyky Liubin, Voiutychi,Vuzolove, , Rava-Ruska, Storonybaby, Strutyn, and Uhersko); •production of beer (The Lviv Brewery Open Corporation, The First Private Brewery Ltd). Agricultural Sector Forestry

Acting proactively against the incineration of agricultural waste in collective farms and households within the region (stubble, grass, leaves, etc).

Promoting the extension of areas under forests to achieve an intensive channelling of greenhouse gases (absorption of carbon dioxide by the forests within the region).

Maintaining strict control over and minimizing the industrial forest felling processes to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in the forestry stations

Taking extensive fire safety measures in the regional forestry to prevent forest fires and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions.

Promoting the adoption of up-to-date waste disposal technologies, acting proactively against the incineration of domestic waste. Preparing Emission Cadastres and Provding Information to the General Public

Promoting the provision of more accurate statistical data on the activities (fuel consumption, car mileage, manufacturing of industrial products, etc) and the physical and chemical chrematistics of the consumed fuel, thus reducing the ambiguity of the Lviv region Overall Cadastre for greenhouse gas emissions. A special focus shall be on the amounts and characteristics of the coal supplied to the TPPs within the region.

Preparing annual Spatial Cadastres for the major greenhouse gases released and absorbed in the Lviv region by the fixed and mobile emission sources. Providing comprehensive information to the authorities and general public on the annual greenhouse gas emissions in the Power, Industrial, and Agricultural sectors, and Forestry.

Initiating a proactive awareness campaign about the dangers of man-induced adverse environmental impact and factors causing the global warming and climate changes, using media and involving schools and higher educational establishments. Thank you for attention