Historia, Cultura Y Aprendizaje Del Chino 2017

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Historia, Cultura Y Aprendizaje Del Chino 2017 CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS CHINA-MEXICO CHINA-MEXICO UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO América Latina y el Caribe y China Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS a presencia de China hoy día en América Latina es muy intensa. CHINA-MEXICO UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO América Latina y el Caribe y China LLos megaproyectos de infraestructura; el crecimiento de empresas chinas en el suelo latinoamericano; los constantes intercambios entre Historia, cultura y ambas regiones, a distintos niveles y en distintos ramos de la economía, la industria y la sociedad en general dan cuenta de ello. aprendizaje del chino 2017 En el último decenio, la Red alc-China ha congregado a los académi- cos de distintos continentes que desean contribuir a elevar y fortalecer el conocimiento, la equidad y el beneficio mutuo del intercambio eco- nómico, político y social entre China y América Latina y el Caribe. Este volumen aborda temas de filosofía, historia, lengua, cultura y so- ciedad. Estamos convencidos que constituye un aporte académico im- portante que contribuirá al aumento del interés en conocer más sobre la cultura china. Es, sin duda, una invitación a ahondar en estos estudios, tan necesarios dado el papel protagónico que China ha asumido en los escenarios internacionales y en vista de su relación cada día más estre- cha con nuestra región. América Latina y el Caribe y China Latina y el América Liljana Arsovska Coordinadora Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 chino del y aprendizaje cultura Historia, CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS CHINA-MEXICO UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DE MEXICO América Latina y el Caribe y China Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 Liljana Arsovska Coordinadora Red Académica de América Latina y el Caribe sobre China Dr. Enrique Dussel Peters Coordinador General y Coordinador del eje temático Economía, comercio e inversión Dr. José Ignacio Martínez Cortés Coordinador del eje temático Relaciones políticas e internacionales Dra. Yolanda Trápaga Delfín Coordinadora del eje temático Recursos naturales y medio ambiente Dra. Liljana Arsovska Coordinadora del eje temático Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino Dr. Antonio Ibarra Romero Representante de la Unión de Universidades de América Latina y el Caribe http://www.redalc-china.org/ Unión de Universidades de América Latina y el Caribe Dr. Henning Jensen Pennington Presidente Dr. Roberto Escalante Semerena Secretario General Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Dr. Enrique Graue Wiechers Rector Dr. Leonardo Lomelí Vanegas Secretario General Ing. Leopoldo Silva Gutiérrez Secretario Administrativo Dr. Alberto Ken Oyama Nakagawa Secretario de Desarrollo Institucional Mtro. Javier de la Fuente Hernández Secretario de Atención a la Comunidad Universitaria Dra. Mónica González Contró Abogada General Centro de Estudios China-México Dr. Enrique Dussel Peters Coordinador Dra. Yolanda Trápaga Delfín Responsable América Latina y el Caribe y China. Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 Coordinadora: Liljana Arsovska Diseño de portada e interiores: Socorro García DR© Unión de Universidades de América Latina y el Caribe Liljana Arsovska Ricardo Flores Magón No. 1 Int. Piso 9, Col. Nonoalco Tlatelolco Coordinadora Del. Cuauhtémoc, C.P. 06995 Ciudad de México Primera edición: 2017 ISBN: 978-607-8066-29-2 Impreso en México América Latina y el Caribe y China Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 Liljana Arsovska Coordinadora Índice Introducción 11 Sección 1 15 Filosofía El Dào como estructura de la naturaleza. 17 Francisco José Fernández Defez Cosmología y ontología en el Neoconfucianismo: 35 taiji 太極, qi 氣 y li 理 en Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai y los hermanos Cheng. José Antonio Cervera El auto-conocimiento como fundamento de la moralidad. 47 Flor de María Balboa Reyna | 7 | américa latina y el caribe y china / Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 Sección 2 63 Lengua y la literatura Reflexiones en torno a la simplificación de la escritura china. 65 Pablo Rodríguez Durán Aprender chino es aprender de uno mismo. 83 La importancia de la copresencia en la formación intercultural. Lourdes Cuéllar Análisis del discurso periodístico en torno a China 99 desde una perspectiva léxico-métrica. Un discurso fatuo o fracaso del softpower chino. Ricardo Arriaga Campos Qian Zhongshu y la teoría de la perfección 119 en la traducción (化境论) El caso de la traducción de Yo no soy una mujerzuela, de Liu Zhenyun. Liljana Arsovska Humanidad y Justicia en la obra de Lu Xun. 133 Rosario Blanco Facal La traducción de la literatura china contemporánea 145 al árabe: panorama del tema en 2016. Adriana Martínez González | 8 | Sección 3 155 Sociedad Lo chino en lo cubano. 157 Yrmina Gloria Eng Menéndez Segregación y adaptación de los chinos en México. 177 Itzel Monserrat López López Chinas-poblanas: confrontando imágenes. 187 (De) construcciones culturales y realidades. María Cristina Manzano Munguía, Juan Periañez de la Rosa y Fernanda López García Sistemas educativos en comparación: necesidades 203 y desafíos en el siglo xxi. Evelia Ana Romano Sobre los autores. 225 | 9 | Introducción Le damos la bienvenida a la tercera contribución del eje temático “Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino” de la Red alc-China, pro- ducto del Tercer Seminario de la Red, que se llevó a cabo en el mes de mayo de 2016. La presencia de China en la región es cada vez más vigorosa. Los mega proyectos de infraestructura; el crecimiento de empresas chinas en el suelo latinoamericano; los constantes intercambios entre China y América Latina y el Caribe a distintos niveles y en distintos ramos de la economía, la industria y la sociedad en general dan constancia de ello. En la última década, la Red alc-China ha congregado a los académicos del continente que deseamos contribuir para elevar y fortalecer el cono- cimiento, la equidad y el beneficio mutuo del intercambio económico, político y social entre China y nuestra región. Este volumen, que aborda temas de historia, lengua y cultura, con- tiene trece trabajos divididos en tres ejes temáticos: filosofía, lengua y literatura y sociedad. En el apartado de filosofía se incluyen tres trabajos. Francisco José Fernández Defez, con el artículo “El Dao como estructura de la natu- raleza”, se une a la interminable discusión filosófica de la naturaleza, características y definición propia delDao con el afán de contribuir a su esclarecimiento. José Antonio Cervera, en su artículo “Cosmología | 11 | américa latina y el caribe y china / Historia, cultura y aprendizaje del chino 2017 y ontología en el neoconfucianismo: taiji 太極, qi 氣 y li 理 en Zhou Dunyi, Zhang Zai y los hermanos Cheng”, aborda de manera magistral las contribuciones de varios neoconfucianos del periodo de la dinastía Song, a fin de esclarecer conceptos claves de distintas escuelas y corrien- tes filosóficas chinas. Con base en la ética confuciana, Flor de María Balboa plantea la centralidad del auto conocimiento a partir de la mo- ralidad universal. El apartado de lengua y literatura incluye seis trabajos que parten de ángulos muy distintos para contribuir al proceso del aprendizaje de la lengua y medir los alcances del discurso, además de comentar la naturale- za de la traducción literaria del chino al español. Pablo Durán Rodriguez explica, de manera clara y amena, los procesos de la simplificación de los caracteres chinos y la lógica intrínseca en ellos. Lourdes Cuéllar, destaca- da exponente en el terreno del auto aprendizaje del chino, ofrece al lector procedimientos y consejos útiles en el proceso autodidacta de estudio de lenguas extranjeras, en particular del chino. Liljana Arsovska, en su traba- jo sobre las dificultades de la traducción en el proceso de transmisión de valores culturales, expone el caso de la traducción de “Yo no soy una mu- jerzuela” de Liu Zhenyun, del chino al español, y argumenta la necesidad de redactar prólogos que tengan como propósito introducir el ambiente cultural que le da origen a la novela que se traduce. De manera magistral Ricardo Arriaga Campos analiza los alcances del discurso académico y periodístico chino como herramienta fundamental del soft-power. Ro- sario Blanco Facal en su trabajo “Humanidad y justicia en la obra de Lu Xun” nos lleva hacia la época y personajes que dieron origen a la China contemporánea en el vigor de las reformas y la apertura. Según la autora, Lu Xun no sólo no ha perdido vigencia, sino que funciona como la voz de la conciencia del ser humano. Adriana Martínez González revisa el proceso de la traducción de obras de literatura contemporánea al árabe, argumentando que la ventana de la literatura es una de las más efectivas en el proceso del acercamiento de distintas culturas. Por otra parte, en la sección de Sociedad se incluyen cuatro trabajos. Yrmina Gloria Eng Menéndez examina los efectos de la convivencia entre el pueblo cubano y la inmigración china en los terrenos de la cul- | 12 | Introducción tura y la sociedad; Itzel Monserrat López López se ocupa del proceso de adaptación de la migración china en México, señalando la presencia de segregación y racismo en la convivencia interracial. María Cristina Manzano Munguía, Juan Periañez de la Rosa y Fernanda López García mediante entrevistas a migrantes chinas establecidas en Puebla, buscan identificar patrones en los procesos de adaptación y fusión entre las cul- turas receptora y emisora. Evelia Ana Romano examina los alcances de la educación en el proceso del desarrollo económico de China y enfatiza los retos y las necesidades de la educación en Latinoamérica en miras a convertirla en el motor del desarrollo. Esperamos que este volumen contribuya a conocer más sobre la cul- tura china y se convierta en una invitación a ahondar en estos estudios, tan necesarios en vista del papel protagónico de China en los escenarios internacionales y su relación cada día más estrecha con la región de Amé- rica Latina y el Caribe.
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