A Companion to Modern Chinese Literature Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture
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A Companion to Modern Chinese Literature Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture This series offers comprehensive, newly written surveys of key periods and movements and certain major authors, in English literary culture and history. Extensive volumes provide new perspectives and positions on contexts and on canonical and post‐canonical texts, orientating the beginning student in new fields of study and providing the experienced undergraduate and new graduate with current and new directions, as pioneered and developed by leading scholars in the field. Published Recently 73. A Companion to Romantic Poetry Edited by Charles Mahoney 74. A Companion to the Literature and Culture of the American West Edited by Nicolas S. Witschi 75. A Companion to Sensation Fiction Edited by Pamela K. Gilbert 76. A Companion to Comparative Literature Edited by Ali Behdad and Dominic Thomas 77. A Companion to Poetic Genre Edited by Erik Martiny 78. 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Paul Hunter, and Jennifer Wicke 91. A Companion to the Harlem Renaissance Edited by Cherene Sherrard‐Johnson 92. A Companion to Modern Chinese Literature Edited by Yingjin Zhang A COMPANION TO ODERN HINESE ITERATURE EDITED BY YINGJIN ZHANG This edition first published 2016 © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148‐5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley‐blackwell. The right of Yingjin Zhang to be identified as the author of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services and neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data A companion to modern Chinese literature / edited by Yingjin Zhang. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-118-45162-5 (cloth) 1. Chinese literature–20th century–History and criticism. 2. Chinese literature–21st century– History and criticism. I. Zhang, Yingjin, editor. PL2303.C616 2016 895.109′005–dc23 2015014604 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Cover image: Zao Wou-Ki, Untitled, 2005. © DACS 2015 / ProLitteris. Set in 11/13pt Garamond by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India 1 2016 Contents Notes on Contributors viii Acknowledgments xv 1 General Introduction 1 Yingjin Zhang Part I History and Geography 39 2 Literary Modernity in Perspective 41 Zhang Longxi 3 Late Qing Literature, 1890s–1910s 54 Hu Ying 4 War, Revolution, and Urban Transformations: Chinese Literature of the Republican Era, 1920s–1940s 67 Nicole Huang 5 Socialist Literature Driven by Radical Modernity, 1950–1980 81 Chen Xiaoming (translated by Qin Liyan) 6 Thirty Years of New Era Literature: From Elitization to De‐Elitization 98 Tao Dongfeng (translated by Angie Chau) 7 Building a Modern Institution of Literature: The Case of Taiwan 116 Sung‐sheng Yvonne Chang 8 Sinophone Literature 134 Ping‐hui Liao vi Contents Part II Genres and Types 149 9 Modern Poetry in Chinese: Challenges and Contingencies 151 Michelle Yeh 10 Modern Chinese Theater Study and its Century‐Long History 167 Xiaomei Chen 11 Literariness (Wen) and Character (Zhi): From Baihua to Yuluti and Dazhongyu 181 Qian Suoqiao 12 Fiction in Modern China: Modernity through Storytelling 195 Yiyan Wang 13 Modern China’s Translated Literature 214 Zha Mingjian 14 Writing Chinese Feminism(s) 228 Amy Dooling 15 The World of Twentieth‐Century Chinese Popular Fiction: From Shanghai Express to Rivers and Lakes of Knights‐Errant 244 Yi Zheng 16 Ethnic Minority Literature 261 Mark Bender Part III Cultures and Media 277 17 Use in Uselessness: How Western Aesthetics Made Chinese Literature More Political 279 Ban Wang 18 The Linguistic Turns and Literary Fields in Twentieth‐Century China 295 Jianhua Chen 19 The Significance of the Northeastern Writers in Exile, 1931–1945 312 Haili Kong 20 Writing Cities 326 Weijie Song 21 Divided Unities of Modern Chinese Literature and Visual Culture: The Modern Girl, Woodcuts, and Contemporary Painter–Poets 343 Paul Manfredi 22 All the Literature That’s Fit to Print: A Print Culture Perspective on Modern Chinese Literature 360 Nicolai Volland Contents vii 23 The Proliferating Genre: Web‐Based Time‐Travel Fiction and the New Media in Contemporary China 379 Jin Feng Part IV Issues and Debates 395 24 The Persistence of Form: Nation, Literary Movement, and the Fiction of Ng Kim Chew 397 Carlos Rojas 25 The Modern Girl in Modern Chinese Literature 411 Tze‐lan D. Sang 26 Body as Phenomenon: A Brief Survey of Secondary Literature of the Body in Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 424 Ari Larissa Heinrich 27 The Post‐Maoist Politics of Memory 434 Yomi Braester 28 Writing Historical Traumas in the Everyday 452 Lingchei Letty Chen 29 A Brief Overview of Chinese‐Language Scholarship on Modern Chinese Literature 465 Chen Sihe (translated by Alvin Ka Hin Wong) 30 Toward a Typology of Literary Modernity in China: A Survey of English Scholarship on Modern Chinese Literature 483 Yingjin Zhang Bibliography 501 Glossary 503 Index 548 Notes on Contributors Mark Bender 馬克·本德爾 received his PhD in Chinese from Ohio State University, United States, where he is Professor of Chinese Literature and Folklore and Chair of the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures. He is the author of Plum and Bamboo (Illinois, 2003), a co‐editor of The Columbia Anthology of Chinese Folk and Popular Literature (Columbia, 2011), and a translator of Butterfly Mother (Hackett, 2006). His interests include traditional oral literature and folklore in several regions of China, and contemporary indigenous poetry in East Asia. Yomi Braester 柏右銘 received his PhD in Comparative Literature from Yale University, United States, and is Professor of Comparative Literature, Cinema, and Media at the University of Washington, Seattle, United States. He is the author of Witness against History (Stanford, 2003) and Painting the City Red (Duke, 2010), and a co‐editor of Cinema at the City’s Edge (Hong Kong, 2010) and of a special issue on Taiwan cinema for Modern Chinese Literature and Culture (2003), in addition to other publications. He is the recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship for his forthcoming study of cinephilia in the PRC. Sung‐sheng Yvonne Chang 張诵聖 received her PhD in Asian Languages from Stanford University, United States, and is Professor of Chinese and Comparative Literature at the University of Texas, Austin, United States. She is the author of Modernism and the Nativist Resistance (Duke, 1993) and Literary Culture in Taiwan (Columbia, 2004), and a co‐editor of Bamboo Shoots after the Rain (Feminist Press, 1990) and Columbia Sourcebook of Literary Taiwan (Columbia, 2014), in addition to other publications. Angie Chau 周安琪 received her PhD in Comparative Literature from the University of California, San Diego, United States, and taught Chinese literature and world liter- Notes on Contributors ix ature there for 2 years before taking up a postdoctoral fellowship at Arizona State University, United States. Her dissertation deals with Chinese artists and writers studying in France in the early twentieth century. Her article on Han Han and the Internet culture appeared in Chinese Literature Today (2014). Jianhua Chen 陳建華 received his first PhD in Chinese Literature from Fudan University, China, and his second PhD from Harvard University, United States.