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See page 17 August-September 2014 Volume 11 No. 4 `100.00 (India-Based Buyer Only) SP’s AN SP GUIDE P UBLICATION www.spsmilitaryyearbook.com WWW.spslANDFORCES.COM ROUNDUP IN THIS ISSUE THE ONLY MAGAZINE IN ASIA-PACIFIC DEDICATED to LAND FORCES PAGE 2 Pakistani Army Operations in North Waziristan North Waziristan is inhabited by a very large number of terror groups of all hues and colours MADE FOR Lt General V.K. Kapoor (Retd) PAGE 4 Limiting a Subcontinental Nuclear War INDIA M777 — THE WORLD’S LIGHTEST 155MM AIR India’s conventional advantage stands faced with a stalemate brought about by PORTABLE HOWITZER introduction of Hatf IX or Nasr (missile) by Pakistan Ali Ahmed The M777 Ultra-Lightweight Howitzer is peerless. This widely fielded, battle-proven, all terrain, air-portable PAGE 6 Getting Familiar engineering marvel meets India’s requirements The Embassy of China at New Delhi recently for reliable, rapidly deployable and consistently organised a visit of an Indian media accurate artillery fire support. Beyond its service delegation to China for interactions at Beijing with the 4th Army Aviation Regiment to the armed forces, M777 will open up a Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd) world of global opportunity to Indian industry and the nation’s high-quality engineering PLUS talent. Together, let’s join forces to create Almost Invincible – Israel’s Air Defence R. Chandrakanth 8 a world-class indigenous industry. Airborne Operations Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd) 10 Global Air Defence Scenario R. Chandrakanth 11 Recent Developments in Iraq Ranjit Gupta 12 Raising FDI in Defence – Not lucrative by itself Lt General P.C. Katoch (Retd) 13 Lessons from Kargil War General V.P. Malik (Retd) 15 Article 370 and its Relevance Today General V.P. Malik (Retd) 16 SP’s Exclusives / News in Brief 18 www.baesystems.com/M777 APPLIED FOR 4/2014 SP’s LAND FORCES 1 >> LEAD STORY Pakistani Army Operations in North Waziristan North Waziristan (NW) is inhabited by a very large number of terror groups of all hues and colours. Most of the groups have got affiliated with TTP or Al Qaeda or the Haqqani network. All high profile terrorist attacks since 2010 have emanated from NW. Graphic: ANooP Kamath LT GENERAL V.K. KAPOOR (RETD) ORTH WAZIRISTAN (NW) IS a part of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in Pakistan. FATA is a semi-autonomous tribal region in north-western Pakistan, AFGHANistAN Nbordering Pakistan’s provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan to the east and south, and Afghanistan’s provinces Nooristan of Kunar, Nangarhar, Paktia, Khost and North-West Paktika to the west and north. FATA com- Frontier Province prise seven tribal agencies (districts) and six (NWFP) frontier regions, and are directly governed Konar by Pakistan’s federal government through a special set of laws called the Frontier Crimes Regulations (FCR). The geographi- KABUL cal arrangement of the seven tribal areas Nanghar INDIA in order from north to south is: Bajaur, Peshawar Mohmand, Khyber, Orakzai, Kurram, North Waziristan and South Waziristan. The geo- Paktia graphical arrangement of the six frontier Regions in order from north to south is: Federally Administered Ghazni Peshawar, Kohat, Bannu, Lakki Marwat, Tribal Areas(FATA) Tank and Dera Ismail Khan. The territory of FATA is almost exclusively inhabited by the Pashtuns, who also live in the neighbouring North Waziristan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Afghanistan. Paktika The terrain of NW comprise high moun- Zabul tains, caves, and small pockets of urban cen- South Waziristan tres. Hence it is considered ideal territory for waging insurgencies and guerilla warfare. The regular forces will find it more difficult Kandahar to fight here as compared to other types of terrain unless they have been adequately trained in similar terrain earlier. Pakistan Army has operated in this area earlier and they have been carrying out specifically tar- geted operations, small raids and ambushes etc. But now the scale of operations involves PAKISTAN much larger forces with heavy weaponry Map not to scale who are out to subdue the terrorists and the insurgents in the region with a heavy hand. Pakistani army claims that since the and Washington, not Islamabad. Many Radicalisation of Pakistan Military Terror Groups in NW start of operation “Zarb e Azb” on June North Waziristan residents said Haqqani Pakistan is slowly but surely sliding into a NW is inhabited by a very large number of 15, 376 terrorists have been killed while network members, based in the area since culdesac. Brig (Retd) Arif Haroon Raja, a terror groups of all hues and colours. These 19 have surrendered to the security forces. the 1970s, had slipped away before the war veteran in his article “North Waziristan include, Tehrik-e-Taliban (TTP), Punjabi They also claim to have destroyed 61 “ter- offensive. Pakistan Army is known to be soft Require Thorough Preparations,” in Sep- Taliban, remnants of Al Qaeda, elements of rorist hideouts”. Even if the claims are gen- on Haqqani network as they have been con- tember 2012 had written: “I have a hunch Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, Lashkar- uine, what is also obvious is that with the sidered as strategic assets and have never that after NW; another venue would be e-Jhangvi, Khurasan group, Asian Tigers, evacuation of half a million civilians from been targeted by them. propped up for a military operation. Already Jaish-e-Muhammad, late Ilyas Kashmiri NW, what is the guarantee that most of the reports are in circulation that Punjabi Tali- group, and Haqqani network and some oth- terrorists have not faded away according Earlier Operations in South Waziristan ban feeling neglected in NW have started ers. Some say there are over 30 groups in to a plan in order to concentrate at a time in 2009 shifting to Multan and it is speculated that NW. Most of the groups have got affiliated and place of their own choosing. And if The government in Islamabad had earlier Multan region will be the next battleground. with TTP or Al Qaeda or the Haqqani net- this were to happen Pakistan should expect come under criticism for not quickly follow- We also must not forget that once the ISAF work. All high profile terrorist attacks since much more chaos and mayhem in the ing its 2009 operation against militants in departs, bulk of the weight of terrorism will 2010 have emanated from NW. hinterland. Senior Pakistani officials have adjacent South Waziristan with an offen- fall upon Pakistan. I therefore do not foresee warned that the operation, named “Zarb- sive in North Waziristan. Athar Abbas, a war on terror coming to an end in the fore- Ground Operations Follow e-Azb” after a sword used by the Prophet retired Pakistani general who served as seeable future.” Air Operations Muhammad, would lead to retaliatory the military’s spokesman from 2008 to Today the state of Pakistan is not in The Pakistan military announced the attacks by militants in Pakistan’s main cit- 2012, said the army had been preparing control of fairly large swathes of territory. operation on June 15 which involved to ies, where they have entrenched networks to launch a North Waziristan operation The jihadi terror groups pay no heed to any airstrikes while giving time to hundreds of and sleeper cells. in 2011, but the then Army Chief General instructions passed by the government. thousands of people to pack up their belong- Miranshah and the surrounding vil- Ashfaq Parvez Kayani, decided against it, They are a law unto themselves and find ings and leave to safer areas. Pakistan Army lages, especially the settlement of Danday because Pakistan would be seen as moving support among the local population. The launched a ground offensive in NW against Darpakhel, have been known as the head- into North Waziristan “at the behest of the youth of Pakistan have been radicalised to militant strongholds near the Afghan bor- quarters of the Haqqani network, an Afghan US,” which had, at the time, intensified its a large extent. Quite a few are offering their der on June 30, 2014, after evacuating militant group that the US has placed on its operations in Afghanistan. General Kayani services to various terror groups fighting nearly half a million people from the tribal official list of terrorist organisations.T he was also worried about the impact of ter- in Syria, Sudan and Iraq. Pakistan military region, the army said. The ground offensive Haqqani network’s activities have been rorist retaliation against Pakistan. Abbas has also been radicalized. May 2011, attack is the second phase of a long awaited opera- focused on Afghanistan. As a result, it was described it as “a case of analysis and anal- against the Karachi Naval base which www.spslandforces.com tion against militants in NW District. long regarded as a threat primarily by Kabul ysis leading to paralysis”. saw six Taliban militants hold off security 2 SP’s LAND FORCEs 4/2014 EDITORIAL / LEAD STORY >> doubts. So where does that leave track acquisitions and the list of for FY 2014-15 is concerned the in the capital, is reported to have our defence capability and pre- essentials was prepared and sent. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley on praised both the previous and the paredness which are in difficulty. However, the situation has not im- July 10, 2014, announced an ad- present government for the full In this context we should re- proved but in fact has worsened in ditional `5,000 crore, taking the cooperation received by the Army member that the letter written by the past two years or so. On the amount allocated to the Indian was received with skepticism by General V.K.