Coahuila Y Texas, Una Historia Compartida De La Federación Mexicana*
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“I Go for Independence”: Stephen Austin and Two Wars for Texan Independence
“I go for Independence”: Stephen Austin and Two Wars for Texan Independence A thesis submitted To Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by James Robert Griffin August 2021 ©Copyright All rights reserved Except for previously published materials Thesis written by James Robert Griffin B.S., Kent State University, 2019 M.A., Kent State University, 2021 Approved by Kim M. Gruenwald , Advisor Kevin Adams , Chair, Department of History Mandy Munro-Stasiuk , Interim Dean, College of Arts and Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………...……iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………………v INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………..1 CHAPTERS I. Building a Colony: Austin leads the Texans Through the Difficulty of Settling Texas….9 Early Colony……………………………………………………………………………..11 The Fredonian Rebellion…………………………………………………………………19 The Law of April 6, 1830………………………………………………………………..25 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….32 II. Time of Struggle: Austin Negotiates with the Conventions of 1832 and 1833………….35 Civil War of 1832………………………………………………………………………..37 The Convention of 1833…………………………………………………………………47 Austin’s Arrest…………………………………………………………………………...52 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….59 III. Two Wars: Austin Guides the Texans from Rebellion to Independence………………..61 Imprisonment During a Rebellion……………………………………………………….63 War is our Only Resource……………………………………………………………….70 The Second War…………………………………………………………………………78 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….85 -
LOCAL SPOTLIGHT San Juan Watershed, Monterrey, Mexico—Adapting to Extreme Hydro-Meteorological Events
LOCAL SPOTLIGHT San Juan Watershed, Monterrey, Mexico—Adapting to extreme hydro-meteorological events Photo: © Juan Ángel Sánchez de Llanos The challenge NorthMONCL AmericOVa A Monterrey, Mexico, one of Latin America’s industrial capitals with a population of over 4 million, is an important economic center for residents and Mexico alike. Unfortunately, the city is positioned in an area that is naturally prone to intense hydro-meteorological events (floods and droughts). Because most (approximately 60 percent) of Monterrey’s drinking water supply comes from upstream areas that have been degraded on a recurring basis from land-use change and phenomena such as forest fires and invasive species, Monterrey is one of the top 25 Latin American cities for water risk. Climate events can be devastating. In 2010, Hurricane Alex cost the state of Nuevo León US$1.35 billion. Poor land management cannot be solely blamed for these losses, but it plays a role. Deforestation and erosion in the San Juan watershed, alongside rampant Rio Pesquería Rio San Juan and poorly planned expansion of urban areas, can reduce infiltration in recharge zones that, in turn, exacerbates runoff and can MONTERREY contribute to flooding. Future flood events are projected to intensify in the watershed, potentially exceeding the retention capacity of Rio Santa Catarina the existing dam that protects the city from high flows. SALTILLO Rio Ramos The year following Hurricane Alex, Monterrey was hit again, this time by a severe drought. The effects of the drought were made worse by the weakened storage and regulation capacity of upstream areas. The scarcity of water ultimately damaged over 50,000 hectares of crops and killed more than 10,000 livestock. -
Arnoldo HERNANDEZ
Comercio a distancia y circulación regional. ♣ La feria del Saltillo, 1792-1814 Arnoldo Hernández Torres ♦ Para el siglo XVIII, el sistema económico mundial inicia la reorganización de los reinos en torno a la unidad nacional, a la cual se le conoce como mercantilismo en su última etapa. Una de las acciones que lo caracterizó fue la integración del mercado interno o nacional frente al mercado externo o internacional. Estrechamente ligados a la integración de los mercados internos o nacionales, aparecen los mercados regionales y locales, definidos tanto por la división política del territorio para su administración gubernamental como por las condiciones geográficas: el clima y los recursos naturales, entre otros aspectos. El proceso de integración del mercado interno en la Nueva España fue impulsado por las reformas borbónicas desde el último tercio del siglo XVIII hasta la independencia. Para el septentrión novohispano, particularmente la provincia de Coahuila, los cambios se reflejaron en el ámbito político, militar y económico. En el ámbito político los cambios fueron principalmente en la reorganización administrativa del territorio –la creación de la Comandancia de las Provincias Internas y de las Intendencias, así como la anexión de Saltillo y Parras a la provincia de Coahuila. En el ámbito militar se fortaleció el sistema de misiones y presidios a través de la política de poblamiento para consolidar la ocupación – el exterminio de indios “bárbaros” y la creación de nuevos presidios y misiones– y colonización del territorio –establecimiento -
United States-Mexico Border Region- U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Nonfuel Mineral Resources in the United States-Mexico Border Region A Progress Report on Information Available from the =:en~L tor Inter-American Mineral Resource Investigations (CIMRI) U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 1098 AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the current-year issues ofthe monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Survey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." Publications that may be listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" may be no longer available. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, l.].S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books and Maps Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Tech Books and maps of the U.S. Geological Survey are niques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications available over the counter at the following U.S. Geological Survey of general interest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single offices, all of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of copies of Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Documents: Epicenters, and some miscellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from • ANCHORAGE, Alaska-Rm. -
“Control...Over the Entire State of Coahuila” an Analysis of Testimonies in Trials Against Zeta Members in San Antonio, Austin, and Del Rio, Texas
“Control...Over the Entire State of Coahuila” An analysis of testimonies in trials against Zeta members in San Antonio, Austin, and Del Rio, Texas NOVEMBER 2017 This report does not represent the official position of the School of Law or the University of Texas, and the views presented here reflect only the opinions of the individual authors and of the Human Rights Clinic 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................ 3 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 5 A. Project Description And Purpose ............................................... 5 B. The Trials ................................................................... 6 I. The San Antonio Trial..................................................... 6 II. The Austin Trials ......................................................... 7 III. The Del Rio Trial ......................................................... 9 C. Background Information ...................................................... 9 I. Mexico’s Security Strategy ................................................. 9 II. Coahuila, Mexico ......................................................... 10 III. Brief History of the Zeta Cartel ............................................. 11 3. FINDINGS ON THE ZETA CARTEL STRUCTURE AND OPERATIONS ......................... 13 A. Hierarchy and Organization. .................................................. 13 B. Most Important Zeta Members Based on Testimonies ............................. -
Texas on the Mexican Frontier
Texas on the Mexican Frontier Texas History Chapter 8 1. Mexican Frontier • Texas was vital to Mexico in protecting the rest of the country from Native Americans and U.S. soldiers • Texas’ location made it valuable to Mexico 2. Spanish Missions • The Spanish had created missions to teach Christianity to the American Indians • The Spanish also wanted to keep the French out of Spanish-claimed territory 3. Empresarios in Texas • Mexico created the empresario system to bring new settlers to Texas • Moses Austin received the first empresario contract to bring Anglo settlers to Texas. 4. Moses Austin Moses Austin convinced Mexican authorities to allow 300 Anglo settlers because they would improve the Mexican economy, populate the area and defend it from Indian attacks, and they would be loyal citizens. 5. Moses Austin His motivation for establishing colonies of American families in Texas was to regain his wealth after losing his money in bank failure of 1819. He met with Spanish officials in San Antonio to obtain the first empresario contract to bring Anglo settlers to Texas. 6. Other Empresarios • After Moses Austin death, his son, Stephen became an empresario bring the first Anglo-American settlers to Texas • He looked for settlers who were hard- working and law abiding and willing to convert to Catholicism and become a Mexican citizen • They did NOT have to speak Spanish 7. Other Empresarios • His original settlers, The Old Three Hundred, came from the southeastern U.S. • Austin founded San Felipe as the capital of his colony • He formed a local government and militia and served as a judge 8. -
Verónica Martínez García Senadora De La República
Verónica Martínez García Senadora de la República . PROPOSICIÓN CON PUNTO DE ACUERDO POR EL QUE EL SENADO DE LA REPÚBLICA, EXHORTA RESPETUOSAMENTE A LA COMISIÓN DE PRESUPUESTO Y CUENTA PÚBLICA DE LA CÁMARA DE DIPUTADOS, CON LA FINALIDAD DE QUE DURANTE EL PROCESO DE DISCUSION Y APROBACIÓN DEL PROYECTO DE PRESUPUESTO DE EGRESOS DE LA FEDERACIÓN PARA EL EJERCICIO FISCAL 2020, DESTINE MAYORES RECURSOS AL RUBRO DE INFRAESTRUCTURA CARRETERA PARA EL ESTADO DE COAHUILA DE ZARAGOZA. La suscrita, VERÓNICA MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA, Senadora de la República, integrante del Grupo Parlamentario del Partido Revolucionario Institucional en la LXIV Legislatura, con fundamento en el numeral 1 del artículo 8, fracción II del 87, numeral 5 del artículo 109 y los numerales 1 y 2 del artículo 276 del Reglamento del Senado de la República, someto a la consideración del Pleno del Senado de la República la presente PROPOSICIÓN CON PUNTO DE ACUERDO, al tenor de la siguiente: EXPOSICIÓN DE MOTIVOS Coahuila de Zaragoza se ha caracterizado por ser uno de los estados del norte del país con mayor crecimiento económico en los últimos años, de acuerdo a datos proporcionados por el INEGI1, indican que en el 2017 se ubicó en el séptimo lugar de los estados que más aportan al PIB Nacional con un 3.7%. De igual manera dichos resultados ubican a Coahuila, como el cuarto estado que más creció durante 2017, con un 5% respecto del 2016. La Secretaría de Economía en su reporte 2018, ubicó a dicha entidad federativa como la segunda a nivel nacional, con mayor recepción de inversión extranjera directa, con un monto de 2,737.8 millones de dólares, solo detrás del estado de Nuevo León. -
Sabinas'' Carretera: Monclova - Piedras Negras Tramo: T.Izq
Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes Dirección General de Servicios Técnicos Dirección de Evaluación Tecnológica Subdirección de Ingeniería de Tránsito Estudio de Origen - Destino y Peso Estación ''Sabinas'' Carretera: Monclova - Piedras Negras Tramo: T.Izq. Palaú - T. Der. Sabinas Km: 110+900 Origen: Monclova Coordenadas Cartográficas "UTM" Coordenadas Geográficas Irapuato Referencia Y X Zona Latitud Longitud Inicio de Tramo 3,059,327.000 284,543.000 14 R 27.6408770 -101.1838280 SALAMANCA Fin de Tramo 3,084,740.370 289,843.350 14 R 27.8709750 -101.1346040 Estación de EncuestaQuerétaro3,079,377.314 289,533.731 14 R 27.8225420 -101.1368050 ORIGEN-DESTINO Estación de Pesaje Dinámico 3,074,828.940 288,543.970 14 R 27.7813570 -101.1460340 ESTUDIO EFECTUADO DEL 7 AL 10 DE JUNIO DEL 2016 Cd. Aciña NORTE Piedras Negras ESTADOS UNIDOS DE Boquillas Zaragoza del AMERICA Carmen Morelos Nava Allende Guerrero Villa Unión Palaú Nueva Rosita MELCHOR SABINAS MÚZQUIZ Hidalgo NUEVO LAREDO El Sauz O-D Don Martin COAHUILA MORELIA Est. Hermanas San Buenaventura NUEVO Lamadrid LEON Cuatrosienegas Sacramento FRONTERA Candela MONCLOVA Castaños Saltillo MONTERREY Red Federal Libre Red Estatal Libre Red Estatal Cuota SÍNTESIS DEL ESTUDIO ORIGEN-DESTINO ESTACIÓN "SABINAS" CARRETERA: Monclova - Piedras Negras LUGAR: Km. 110+900 ORIGEN: MONCLOVA TRAMO: T.Izq. Palaú - T. Der. Sabinas FECHA: 1.- VOLÚMENES DE TRANSITO (Número de Vehículos) HACIA: PIEDRAS NEGRAS 16226 HACIA: P. NEGRAS HACIA: MONCLOVA AMBOS SENTIDOS HACIA: MONCLOVA 15635 PROMEDIO DIARIO 4057 3909 3983 TOTAL AFORADO 31861 MÁXIMO HORARIO 353 348 353 MÁXIMO HORARIO MÁXIMO HORARIO TRANSITO DIARIO HACIA: P. NEGRAS A.M. -
List 30 More
We love the West -- the wide open spaces, the unknown opportunities, the spirit of American adventure on the frontier. At least, that’s the West we usually deal with, in the late 19th to early 20th centuries, and that’s what we offer to you here. This list is comprised of thirty items freshly catalogued covering the West from Arkansas to Alaska. Highlights include the narrative of a Cuban traveler in Colorado; an archive of ephemera from a Houston YWCA social club; early Texas territorial printing; real photo postcards from the Mexican Revolution; a book of Montana cattle brands; and an African American photo album from 1940s Texas. There are maps, photographs, and archives, and much List 30 more. Enjoy! Western Americana Cheers, Teri & James Terms of Sale All items are guaranteed as described. Any purchase may be returned for a full refund within 10 working days as long as it is returned in the same condition and is packed and shipped correctly. All items subject to prior sale. We accept payment by check, wire transfer, and all major credit cards. Payment by check or wire is preferred. Sales tax charged where applicable. McBride Rare Books New York, New York [email protected] (203) 479-2507 www.mcbriderarebooks.com Copyright © 2021, McBride Rare Books, LLC. TELEPHONE SERVICE IN KETCHIKAN that, “This looks to me like a case of Oklahoma 5 or 7 years 1. [Alaska]. Telephone Directory. Ketchikan, Alaska, May, 1938 [cover ago. Better get in quickly.” The title]. [Ketchikan]. 1938. 56pp. Original brown printed wrappers. Minor present copy was mailed to a wear. -
ARTEAGA Denominación Arteaga Toponimia Recibió El Nombre En
ARTEAGA Denominación Arteaga Toponimia Recibió el nombre en memoria del general José Ma. Arteaga, quien habiendo nacido en Aguascalientes en 1833, ocupó la gobernatura del estado de Querétaro. Fue fusilado por las tropas francesas en Uruapan en 1865. Escudo Escudo de tres cantones aprobado mediante el decreto No. 232 con fecha del 14 de marzo de 1945. En el tercio superior, sobre fondo azur figura la sierra de Zapalinamé y en primer plano destaca un haz de trigo de oro, símbolo de la riqueza. En el centro aparecen tres robles, ya que en lengua vascuence, Arteaga quiere decir “lugar de robles”. En el tercio inferior, sobre fondo azur, una tienda de campaña con la bandera en los colores nacionales para indicar que allí se estableció el primer cuartel general de la Revolución Constitucionalista. Revoloteando en torno a la bandera y la tienda de campaña, cinco palomas blancas. Su bordura de gules tiene en la parte superior la inscripción: “Arteaga Coahuila” En las ramas, sobre la panoplia se yergue una bandera nacional y a los costados gallardetes en colores patrios. HISTORIA Reseña Histórica Esta región fue ocupada en 1580 por familias tlaxcaltecas dirigidas por don Buenaventura de Paz y don Joaquín de Velasco, quienes dieron al lugar el nombre de San Isidro de las Palomas. El 31 de octubre de 1591, el capitán Francisco de Urdiñola fundó oficialmente dicho lugar, conservando su nombre y otorgando a dichos tlaxcaltecas, tierras para siembra de trigo; después, los españoles construyeron molinos movidos por agua que conducían fuertes acueductos de trazo romano, cuyas ruinas aún conservan. -
Bite Marks of a Large Theropod on an Hadrosaur Limb Bone from Coahuila, Mexico 157 Boletín De La Sociedad Geológica Mexicana
Bite marks of a large theropod on an hadrosaur limb bone from Coahuila, Mexico 157 BOLETÍN DE LA SOCIEDAD GEOLÓGICA MEXICANA VOLUMEN 64, NÚM. 1, 2012, P. 157-161 D GEOL DA Ó E G I I C C O A S 1904 M 2004 . C EX . ICANA A C i e n A ñ o s Bite marks of a large theropod on an hadrosaur limb bone from Coahuila, Mexico Hector E. Rivera-Sylva1,*, David W.E. Hone2, Peter Dodson3 1 Departamento de Paleontología, Museo del Desierto, Carlos Abedrop Dávila 3745, Saltillo, Mexico 2 School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland 3 Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A. * [email protected] Abstract We describe theropod bite marks on the tibia of a hadrosaurine ornithopod recovered northwest of Coahuila, Mexico. Based on the size and shape of the bites, these marks are attributed to a tyrannosaurine. The finding provides support for recent hypotheses on theropod feeding behavior and palaeoecology. Keywords: Tyrannosaurine, palaeoecology, feeding, behavior, Ornithischian. Resumen Aquí describimos marcas de mordidas de téropodo en la tibia de un ornitópodo hadrosaurino encontradas en el noroeste de Coahuila, México. Basados en el tamaño y forma de las mordidas, estas marcas son atribuidas a un tyrannosaurino. El descubrimiento provee apoyo a recientes hipótesis sobre la paleoecología y comportamiento alimenticio de los terópodos. Palabras clave: Tyrannosaurino, paleoecología, comportamiento, alimenticio, Ornitisquio. 1. Introduction predator-prey systems varied notably as a function of time and geography (Farlow and Holtz, 2002; Larson, Evidence of direct interactions between carnivorous 1998). -
Why Invite Foreign Colonists? Grade 4 & 7
Texas Historical Commission Why Invite Foreign Colonists? Grade 4 & 7 Virtual Field Trip visitsanfelipedeaustin.com Learning Guide Grade 4 & 7 Why Invite Foreign Colonists? Overview: A New Beginning for Texas In Part 2 in the Empresario series from the Texas Historical Commission’s San Felipe de Austin site, learners explore how the introduction of colonists from other nations impacted the development of Texas. The activities provide learners the opportunity to analyze primary source documents related to the settlement efforts. An introductory video is also included. Map of Coahuila y Tejas with land grants,1833. Wiki Creative Commons. Objectives • Identify reasons for and strategies used in developing colonization by foreign citizens in 19th century Texas. • Demonstrate understanding of a filibuster expedition. • Analyze primary source documents. • Reflect on the 1825 laws of colonization. Social Studies TEKS 4th Grade: 4.2 A E, 4.8 C, 4.12 C, 4.14 B, 4.15 A, 4.21 A B, 4.23 7th Grade: 7.2 D E F, 7.10 A B, 7.20 A B, 7.23 Resources • Video: Why Invite Foreign Colonists? (THC YouTube) https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=D-jWBp6RG-0&feature=youtu.be • Activity 1: Why Invite Foreign Colonists? video activity resource • Activity 2: Coahuila y Tejas Colonization Law of 1825 activity resource (adapted and full versions) • Activity 3: Journal Reflection activity resourcePrimary Source Document: Coahuila y Tejas Colonization Law of 1825 (transcription, adapted and full versions) 2 Vocabulary ayuntamiento (ah yoon tah me EHN toh) noun: a city or town