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United States-Mexico Border Region- U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Nonfuel Mineral Resources in the United States-Mexico Border Region­ A Progress Report on Information Available from the =:en~L tor Inter-American Mineral Resource Investigations (CIMRI) U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 1098 AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the current-year issues ofthe monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Survey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." Publications that may be listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" may be no longer available. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, l.].S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books and Maps Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Tech­ Books and maps of the U.S. Geological Survey are niques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications available over the counter at the following U.S. Geological Survey of general interest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single offices, all of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of copies of Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Documents: Epicenters, and some miscellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from • ANCHORAGE, Alaska-Rm. 101, 4230 University Dr. U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution • LAKEWOOD, Colorado-Federal Center, Bldg. 810 Box 25286, MS 306, Federal Center • MENLO PARK, California-Bldg. 3, Rm. 3128, 345 Denver, CO 80225 Middlefield Rd. Subscriptions to periodicals (Earthquakes & Volcanoes and • RESTON, Virginia-USGS National Center, Rm. 1C402, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters) can be obtained ONLY 1220 1 Sunrise Valley Dr. from the • SALT LAKE CITY, Utah-Federal Bldg., Rm. 8105, 125 Superintendent of Documents South State St. Government Printing Office • SPOKANE, Washington-U.S. Post Office Bldg., Rm. Washington, D.C. 20402 135, West 904 Riverside Ave. (Check or money order must be payable to Superintendent • WASHINGTON, D.C.-Main Interior Bldg., Rm. 2650, of Documents.) 18th and C Sts., NW. Maps Maps Only For maps, address mail orders to Maps may be purchased over the counter at the following U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution U.S. Geological Survey offices: Box 25286, Bldg. 810, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Residents of Alaska may order maps from • FAIRBANKS, Alaska-New Federal Bldg., 101 Twelfth Ave. U.S. Geological Survey, Earth Science Information Center 101 Twelfth Ave. -Box 12 • ROLLA, Missouri -1400 Independence Rd. Fairbanks, AK 99701 • STENNIS SPACE CENTER, Mississippi-Bldg. 3101 Nonfuel Mineral Resources in the United States-Mexico Border Region- A Progress Report on Information Available from the Center for Inter-American Mineral Resource Investigations (CIMRI) By Greta J. Orris, Norman J Page, John-Mark G. Staude, Karen S. Bolm, Marguerite Carbonaro, Floyd Gray, and Keith R. Long U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CIRCULAR 1098 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1993 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ROBERT M. HIRSCH, Acting Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Box 25286, MS 306, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Published in the Eastern Region, Reston, Va. Manuscript approved for publication October 21 , 1993. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Nonfuel mineral resources in the United States-Mexico border region: a progress report on information available from the Center for Inter-American Mineral Resource Investigations (CIMRI) I by Greta J. Orris ... [et al.]. p. em. - (U.S. Geological Survey circular ; 1098) Includes bibliographical references (p. ). Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.4/2:1098 1. Mines and mineral resources-Mexican-American Border Region. I. Orris. G.J. II. Series. TN23.9.N66 1993 553' .0973-dc20 93-46585 CIP CONTENTS Abstract........................................................................................... 1 Introduction . 1 Mining History of the Border Region. 2 Land Status and Infrastructure... 3 Geologic Setting . 6 Data Sources and Collection.................................................................. 10 Mineral-Resource Distribution................................................................ 13 Discussion. 16 References Cited . 18 FIGURES 1. Location map showing the area defined as the U.S.-Mexico border region for this report........................ 2 2-4. Sketch maps of the U.S.-Mexico border region and adjacent areas showing the distribution of- 2. Lands known to be closed to mineral exploration and (or) development........................................ 6 3. Major standard-gauge railroad routes . 7 4. Selected primary paved highways and roads......................................................................... 8 5. Maps showing simplified geology and geologic provinces in and adjacent to the U.S.-Mexico border region.............................................................................................................................. 9 6. Map showing generalized distribution of volcanic and plutonic rocks in and adjacent to the U.S.-Mexico border region..................................................................................................................... 10 7. Map of the U.S.-Mexico border region showing the number of Mineral Resources Data System records for sites containing metallic and industrial mineral commodities . 11 8-14. Maps of the U.S.-Mexico border region and adjacent areas showing the distribution of mines, prospects, and occurrences of- 8. All metallic and industrial mineral commodities for which the Mineral Resources Data System included records as of May 1993 . 11 9. Gold and silver . ...... .. ...... ... ... .... .. .. .. .. .... ...... ...... ...... .. ...... .... ...... ..... .... .......... ..... ..... .. 14 10. Lead and (or) zinc and copper.......................................................................................... 14 11. Construction materials . 16 12. Gypsum, zeolites, and diatomite . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 17 13. Barite, fluorite, and celestite............................................................................................ 17 14. Clays, evaporite (halite or potash), sodium carbonate or sodium sulfate, and sulfur......................... 18 TABLES 1. Historical events related to mining in the U.S.-Mexico border region.... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 2. Some general sources of information on mineral resources of the U.S.-Mexico border region...................... 12 3. Mineral commodities produced within the U.S.-Mexico border region................................................... 13 4. Significant industrial mineral commodities used in agriculture, infrastructure, and environmental improvements in the U.S.-Mexico border region............................................................................................... 15 m IV GEOLOGIC TIME CHART GEOLOGIC TIME CHART Terms and boundary ages used by the U.S. Geological Survey in this report AGE ESTIMATES OF EON ERA PERIOD EPOCH BOUNDARIES IN MILLION YEARS (Ma) Holocene Quaternary 0.010 Pleistocene 1.6 Neogene Pliocene 5 Subperiod Cenozoic Miocene 24 Tertiary Oligocene Paleogene 38 Subperiod Eocene 55 Paleocene 66 Late Cretaceous ~ Early 96 138 Late Mesozoic jurassic Middle Early 205 Late Triassic Middle Early -240 Late Permian Phanerozoic Early 290 Late Pennsylvanian Middle Carboniferous Early Periods -330 Mississippian Late Early 360 Late Devonian Middle Paleozoic Early 410 Late Silurian Middle Early 435 Late Ordovician Middle Early 500 Late Cambrian Middle Early 1-570 Late Proterozoic 900 Proterozoic Middle Proterozoic 1600 Early Proterozoic 2500 late Archean 3000 Middle Archean Archean 3400 Early Archean -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (3800l)- - ---- - ------------ pre-Archean1 'Rocks older than 570 Ma also called Precambrian, a time term without specific rank. 21nformal time term without specific rank. Nonfuel Mineral Resources in the United States-Mexico Border Region- A Progress Report on Information Available from the Center for Inter-American Mineral Resource Investigations (CIMRI) By Greta J. Orris, Norman J Page, John-Mark G. Staude, Karen S. Bolm, Marguerite Carbonaro, Floyd Gray, and Keith R. Long ABSTRACT either side of the border. Pressure is already mounting to clean up industrial contamination along the border, an effort The exploitation of minerals has played a significant that would create a strong local demand for minerals useful role in population growth and development of the U.S.­ for the treatment of effluent and the storage of hazardous Mexico border region. Recent proposed changes in regula­ wastes. tions related to mining in the United States and changes in
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