1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 Mercator

1512 1594 1897 Rupelmonde Duisburg 1599 tables Lt-gen Wauwermans Italian composite Wright tables article about Mercator in Certain erros in navigation 1752 Biographie belge IATO 1869 middle 15th Century Diderot & d’Alembert “cartes de Mercator” Van Raemdonck Ortelius (1527-1598) Gérard Mercator, sa vie, son oeuvre

printing 1570 1600 Theatrum Orbis Thomas Harrriot projection MGRS terrarum 1772 1825 1914 post WWI military grid reference system formulas Johan Lambert Carl Friedrich Gauss Johann Krüger NATO UTM (1509-1591) 1645 transverse Mercator transverse Mercator transverse Mercator civil reference system fall of Constantinople Henry Bond 1578 (sphere) (ellipsoid) (ellipsoid) Universal 1492 end of Reconquista Mercatorprojection Transverse Speculum Orbis terrarum formula Gauss-Krüger 1942 grid transverse Mercator developped Mercator Judocus Hondius (1563-1612) + geogr. length John Harrison Plantijn (1520-1589) marine timekeepers use of projection Moretus (1543-1610) magnetic <> geogr north John Dee (1527-1608) useability of projection? 1488 Bartholomeus Dias rounded Cape of Good Hope 1492 Columbus ‘America’ discovered 1498 Vasco da Gama reached India via Africa 1519 – 1522 Magellan around the world (1508-1555) 1904 criticism + -- Gaspard van der Heyden (1496-1549) 1974 Arne Peters (Gall-Peters-projection) mariage 5/5/1590 1500 Barbara Shellekens arrested in met Ortelius stroke 1600 CRITICISM - but from non-cartographers - 1536 Rupelmonde in Frankfurt on ethnocentrism, colonialism,… of the 1544 1554 Mercatorprojection

5/3/1512 2/12/1594 > 1606 Rupelmonde 1552 Duisburg Mercator-Hondius > Duisburg 1569 Nova et aucta terrae Gangelt > > Antwerpen descriptio ad usum 1607 1550 16001650 1700 Rupelmonde > Leuven navigantium emandate Atlas minor 1530-1532 1554 accomodata 1604 Europae descriptio sale > ‘s-Hertogenbosch belongings Blaeu Mercatorprojection (1571-1638) 1672

Johannes Blaeu collaboration with 1569 1602 (1596-1673) Gemma Frisius Chronologia hoc est, publication in temporum demonstratio one volume Judocus Hondius exactissima ab initio mundi by grandson de jonge 1537 1604 (1594-1629) own workshop 1578 Ptolemeus 107 maps Judocus Hondius atlas (1563-1612) 1541 1551 earth globe celestial globe 1585 Henricus Hondius globes + Galliae tabulae geographicae (1597-1651) Terrae sanctae 1589 descriptio + Italaie, Scalavoniae et Johannes Jansonius Graeciae tabulae geographicae (1588-1664) 1538 Orbis imago 1595 Atlas sive Cosmographicae Meditationes de Fabrica double cordiform Mundi et Fabricati Figura (heart-shaped) 1540 projection Exactissima by Rumold Mercator Flandriae descriptio “Atlas” (1541-1599) Mercator, his life, his work, his legacy philippe [email protected] geometry 1540 1592 Ghent University Literarum latinarum, Evangelicae historiae quas Italicas