DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter 1, the Sense and Task of Phenomenological Research

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter 1, the Sense and Task of Phenomenological Research University of Alberta Heidegger’s Critique of the Cartesian Problem of Scepticism by Sean Daniel Hartford A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Philosophy ©Sean Daniel Hartford Spring 2010 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Examining Committee Dr. Marie-Eve Morin, Philosophy, University of Alberta Dr. Robert Burch, Philosophy, University of Alberta Dr. Wesley Cooper, Philosophy, University of Alberta Dr. Leo Mos, Psychology, University of Alberta Abstract: This thesis deals with Martin Heidegger’s critique of the Cartesian problem of scepticism in Being and Time. In addition to the critique itself, Heidegger’s position with regards to the sense and task of phenomenological research, as well as fundamental ontology, is discussed as a necessary underpinning of his critique. Finally, the objection to Heidegger’s critique that is raised by Charles Guignon in his book, Heidegger and the Problem of Knowledge, (namely, that it suffers from the problem of reflexivity) is evaluated. Contents INTRODUCTION: HEIDEGGER’S CRITIQUE OF THE CARTESIAN PROBLEM OF SCEPTICISM ......... 1 CHAPTER 1: THE SENSE AND TASK OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH ................................. 6 §1 THE EMERGENCE OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH: HUSSERL AND THE LOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS ...... 7 §2 HUSSERL’S THREE DISCOVERIES: INTENTIONALITY, CATEGORIAL INTUITION, AND THE ONTOLOGICAL SENSE OF THE APRIORI ..................................................................................................................... 8 a) Intentionality ...................................................................................................................... 9 b) Categorial Intuition .......................................................................................................... 11 α) INTENTIONAL PRESUMING AND FULFILLMENT AS THEY RELATE TO EVIDENCE AND TRUTH ........................................................................................................... 11 β) INTUITION AND EXPRESSION .............................................................................................. 13 γ) SIMPLE AND MULTI-LEVEL ACTS .......................................................................................... 14 δ) TWO EXAMPLES OF MULTI-LEVEL ACTS: ACTS OF SYNTHESIS, AND ACTS OF IDEATION ................................................................................................................ 15 c) The Ontological Sense of the Apriori ............................................................................... 17 §3 HEIDEGGER’S CONCEPTION OF PHENOMENOLOGY ......................................................................... 19 a) The Principle of Phenomenology: To the Matters Themselves! .................................... 19 b) Phainómenon and Lógos ................................................................................................. 20 α) PHAINÓMENON ............................................................................................................... 21 β) LÓGOS ............................................................................................................................ 22 c) The Unified Meaning of Heidegger’s Two Definitions of Phenomenology .................... 22 CHAPTER 2: THE QUESTION OF THE MEANING OF BEING, AND THE EXISTENTIAL ANALYTIC OF DASEIN ............................................................................................................................... 24 §4: THE QUESTION OF THE MEANING OF BEING ................................................................................ 24 a) The Ontological Difference .............................................................................................. 25 b) The Neglect of the Question of the Meaning of Being ................................................... 26 c) The Tripartite Structure of the Question of the Meaning of Being ................................. 27 §5: THE EXISTENTIAL ANALYTIC OF DASEIN ....................................................................................... 28 a) Da-sein, or Being-there .................................................................................................... 29 b) Dasein’s Access to the Meaning of Being ........................................................................ 29 c) Meno’s Paradox ................................................................................................................ 32 d) Phenomenology, and the Existential Analytic ................................................................ 34 CHAPTER 3: THE CRITIQUE OF CARTESIAN ONTOLOGY – THE OVERCOMING OF SCEPTICISM .. 36 § 6: THE CARTESIAN ONTOLOGY: SUBSTANCE, CERTAINTY, AND DUALISM ............................................ 37 a) Descartes’ Project as an Epistemic Project and the Determination of the Subject as Absolutely Certain .................................................................................... 39 b) Res Cogitans, Res Extensa, and the Influence of the Cartesian Ontology upon the Western Philosophical Tradition .......................................................... 41 α) RES COGITANS ................................................................................................................. 42 β) RES EXTENSA ................................................................................................................... 43 γ) CARTESIAN DUALISM AND ITS INFLUENCE UPON THE WESTERN PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITION .................................................................................................... 43 § 7: CRITIQUE OF CARTESIAN ONTOLOGY: DESCARTES’ FAILURE TO INQUIRE INTO THE BEING OF THE SUBJECT, THE MATHEMATICAL PREJUDICE IN HIS DETERMINATION OF THE WORLD, AND HOW THIS INEVITABLY LEADS TO SCEPTICISM ................................................................................................... 44 a) How Descartes’ Care About Certainty Leads to an Overlooking of the Being of the Subject ................................................................................................... 46 b) How Descartes’ Care About Certainty Leads to his Mathematical Prejudice in his Determination of the World, and How This Leads to a Covering-up of the Basic Phenomenon of Worldhood ................................................................................................. 46 c) The Necessary Link Between Cartesian Dualism and the Problem of Scepticism ......................................................................................................................... 48 § 8: THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL DISCOVERY OF DASEIN’S BEING-IN-THE-WORLD AND THE OVERCOMING OF CARTESIAN SCEPTICISM .................................................................................................................. 50 a) Dasein ............................................................................................................................... 51 b) Being-in ............................................................................................................................ 52 c) The Worldhood of the World ........................................................................................... 54 α) DEALINGS AND CONCERN .................................................................................................. 54 β) EQUIPMENTALITY AND THE BEING OF ENTITIES AS READY-TO-HAND ........................................ 55 γ) READINESS-TO-HAND AND PRESENCE-AT-HAND .................................................................... 58 δ) WORLDHOOD AND SIGNIFICANCE ........................................................................................ 60 d) Being-in-the-world as a Unitary Ontological Structure and the Problem of Scepticism 61 e) Knowing as a Founded Mode of Being-in ........................................................................ 62 CHAPTER 4: THE PROBLEM OF REFLEXIVITY IN HEIDEGGER’S CRITIQUE OF CARTESIAN SCEPTICISM ......................................................................................................................... 64 § 9: A BRIEF LOOK AT GUIGNON’S PROBLEM OF REFLEXIVITY, AND DASEIN’S CONTEXTUALISATION IN THE WORLD ........................................................................................................................................ 65 a) Dasein’s Being-with ......................................................................................................... 68 α) DISTANTIALITY, AND THE ‘THEY’ ......................................................................................... 70 β) THE THEY-SELF ................................................................................................................. 73 γ) IDLE TALK – THE LANGUAGE OF THE ‘THEY’ ..........................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Network Map of Knowledge And
    Humphry Davy George Grosz Patrick Galvin August Wilhelm von Hofmann Mervyn Gotsman Peter Blake Willa Cather Norman Vincent Peale Hans Holbein the Elder David Bomberg Hans Lewy Mark Ryden Juan Gris Ian Stevenson Charles Coleman (English painter) Mauritz de Haas David Drake Donald E. Westlake John Morton Blum Yehuda Amichai Stephen Smale Bernd and Hilla Becher Vitsentzos Kornaros Maxfield Parrish L. Sprague de Camp Derek Jarman Baron Carl von Rokitansky John LaFarge Richard Francis Burton Jamie Hewlett George Sterling Sergei Winogradsky Federico Halbherr Jean-Léon Gérôme William M. Bass Roy Lichtenstein Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael Tony Cliff Julia Margaret Cameron Arnold Sommerfeld Adrian Willaert Olga Arsenievna Oleinik LeMoine Fitzgerald Christian Krohg Wilfred Thesiger Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant Eva Hesse `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas Him Mark Lai Clark Ashton Smith Clint Eastwood Therkel Mathiassen Bettie Page Frank DuMond Peter Whittle Salvador Espriu Gaetano Fichera William Cubley Jean Tinguely Amado Nervo Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Ferdinand Hodler Françoise Sagan Dave Meltzer Anton Julius Carlson Bela Cikoš Sesija John Cleese Kan Nyunt Charlotte Lamb Benjamin Silliman Howard Hendricks Jim Russell (cartoonist) Kate Chopin Gary Becker Harvey Kurtzman Michel Tapié John C. Maxwell Stan Pitt Henry Lawson Gustave Boulanger Wayne Shorter Irshad Kamil Joseph Greenberg Dungeons & Dragons Serbian epic poetry Adrian Ludwig Richter Eliseu Visconti Albert Maignan Syed Nazeer Husain Hakushu Kitahara Lim Cheng Hoe David Brin Bernard Ogilvie Dodge Star Wars Karel Capek Hudson River School Alfred Hitchcock Vladimir Colin Robert Kroetsch Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai Stephen Sondheim Robert Ludlum Frank Frazetta Walter Tevis Sax Rohmer Rafael Sabatini Ralph Nader Manon Gropius Aristide Maillol Ed Roth Jonathan Dordick Abdur Razzaq (Professor) John W.
    [Show full text]
  • Over Francis Bacon Van Verulam En De Methode Van Natuuronderzoek. Justus Von Liebig
    Over Francis Bacon van Verulam en de methode van natuuronderzoek. Justus von Liebig. https://archive.org/details/ueberfrancisbaco00lieb/page/n9 Dit is een geannoteerde vertaling van Ueber Francis Bacon von Verulam und die Methode der Naturforschung (1863) door Justus von Liebig (1803-1873). Noten van de vertaler zijn aangegeven met nummers in teksthaken [ ]. De vertaling is geïnspireerd door een artikel van E.-J. Wagenmakers in Skepter 32.2 (zomer 2019) getiteld: ‘Het plagiaat van Lord Francis Bacon’. Liebigs verhandeling is de schriftelijke weergave van een rede voor de k. Akademie der Wisschenschaften te München op 28 maart 1863. Justus von Liebig was sinds 1859 president van deze Akademie. In Reden und Abhandlungen von Justus von Liebig, (onder redactie van M. Carriere), C. F. Winter’sche Verlagshandlung, Leipzig und Heidelberg, 1874, staat een kortere – wellicht de oorspronkelijke – versie. In deze Reden und Abhandlungen staat een tweetal zeer lezenswaardige reacties (samen nog langer dan de toespraak in de Reden zelf) op kritiek van de zijde van een professor in de filosofie, Christoph von Sigwart (Liebig schrijft Siegwart). Sigwart had uitvoerig betoogd dat Bacons filosofie nergens op sloeg, maar dat Leibig toch te streng was wat betreft Bacons relatie met de natuurwetenschap. Een Engelse vertaling verscheen in twee delen in Macmillan’s Magazine, juli en augustus 1863. Ook daarin ontbreken sommige passages die in de Duitse versie van 1863 staan. Voor de Engelse vertalingen van teksten uit Novum Organum is de vertaling van J. Spedding uit 1858 gebruikt. De vertaler Jan Willem Nienhuys Voorwoord Twintig jaar geleden had een reeks onderzoekingen naar de levensvoorwaarden van planten en dieren mij tot duidelijker inzichten gebracht dan die toentertijd golden.
    [Show full text]
  • The Argument from Logical Principles Against Materialism: a Version of the Argument from Reason
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2019-04-30 The Argument from Logical Principles Against Materialism: A Version of the Argument from Reason Hawkes, Gordon Hawkes, G. (2019). The Argument from Logical Principles Against Materialism: A Version of the Argument from Reason (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/110301 master thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY The Argument from Logical Principles Against Materialism: A Version of the Argument from Reason by Gordon Hawkes A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN PHILOSOPHY CALGARY, ALBERTA APRIL, 2019 © Gordon Hawkes 2019 i Abstract The argument from reason is the name given to a family of arguments against naturalism, materialism, or determinism, and often for theism or dualism. One version of the argument from reason is what Victor Reppert calls “the argument from the psychological relevance of logical laws,” or what I call “the argument from logical principles.” This argument has received little attention in the literature, despite being advanced by Victor Reppert, Karl Popper, and Thomas Nagel.
    [Show full text]
  • Philosophy of Modeling in the 1870S: a Tribute to Hans Vaihinger
    Baltic J. Modern Computing, Vol. 9 (2021), No. 1, pp. 67–110 https://doi.org/10.22364/bjmc.2021.9.1.05 Philosophy of Modeling in the 1870s: A Tribute to Hans Vaihinger Karlis Podnieks Faculty of Computing, University of Latvia 19 Raina Blvd., Riga, LV-1586, Latvia [email protected] Abstract. This paper contains a detailed exposition and analysis of The Philosophy of “As If“ proposed by Hans Vaihinger in his book published in 1911. However, the principal chapters of the book (Part I) reproduce Vaihinger’s Habilitationsschrift, which was written during the autumn and winter of 1876. Part I is extended by Part II based on texts written during 1877–1878, when Vaihinger began preparing the book. The project was interrupted, resuming only in the 1900s. My conclusion is based exclusively on the texts written in 1876-1878: Vaihinger was, decades ahead of the time, a philosopher of modeling in the modern sense – a brilliant achievement for the 1870s! And, in the demystification of such principal aspects of cognition as truth, understanding and causality, is he not still ahead of many of us? According to Vaihinger, what we set beyond sensations is our invention (fiction), the correspondence of which with reality cannot (and need not) be verified in the mystical, absolute sense many people expect. Keywords: fictionalism, fiction, hypothesis, dogma, sensations, reality, truth, understanding, modeling 1 Introduction “Aller Dogmatismus ist hier verschwunden,“ according to Simon et al. (2013). I suspect that by saying this regarding his book, Hans Vaihinger meant, in fact, that if people would adopt his Philosophie des Als Ob, most of traditional philosophy would become obsolete.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundations of Psychology by Herman Bavinck
    Foundations of Psychology Herman Bavinck Translated by Jack Vanden Born, Nelson D. Kloosterman, and John Bolt Edited by John Bolt Author’s Preface to the Second Edition1 It is now many years since the Foundations of Psychology appeared and it is long out of print.2 I had intended to issue a second, enlarged edition but the pressures of other work prevented it. It would be too bad if this little book disappeared from the psychological literature. The foundations described in the book have had my lifelong acceptance and they remain powerful principles deserving use and expression alongside empirical psy- chology. Herman Bavinck, 1921 1 Ed. note: This text was dictated by Bavinck “on his sickbed” to Valentijn Hepp, and is the opening paragraph of Hepp’s own foreword to the second, revised edition of Beginselen der Psychologie [Foundations of Psychology] (Kampen: Kok, 1923), 5. The first edition contains no preface. 2 Ed. note: The first edition was published by Kok (Kampen) in 1897. Contents Editor’s Preface �����������������������������������������������������������������������ix Translator’s Introduction: Bavinck’s Motives �������������������������� xv § 1� The Definition of Psychology ���������������������������������������������1 § 2� The Method of Psychology �������������������������������������������������5 § 3� The History of Psychology �����������������������������������������������19 Greek Psychology .................................................................19 Historic Christian Psychology ..............................................22
    [Show full text]
  • Open Brunsondiss.Pdf
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Liberal Arts PRAGMATISM AND THE PAST: CHARLES PEIRCE AND THE CONDUCT OF MEMORY AND HISTORY A Dissertation in Philosophy by Daniel J. Brunson © 2010 Daniel J. Brunson Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2010 The dissertation of Daniel J. Brunson was reviewed and approved* by the following: Vincent M. Colapietro Liberal Arts Research Professor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Brady Bowman Assistant Professor of Philosophy Christopher Long Associate Professor of Philosophy Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies, College of Liberal Arts Jennifer Mensch Assistant Professor of Philosophy and Science, Technology, and Society William Pencak Professor of American History Nancy A. Tuana DuPont/Class of 1949 Professor of Philosophy Director, Rock Ethics Institute Director of Philosophy Graduate Studies *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School ii Abstract My dissertation is entitled Pragmatism and the Past: CS Peirce on the Conduct of Memory and History. I start from the longstanding criticism that pragmatism unduly neglects the past in favor of the future. As a response, I interpret Peirce‘s pragmatism and its associated doctrines in light of his accounts of memory, history, and testimony. In particular, I follow Peirce‘s own example of a deep engagement with the history of philosophy and related fields. For example, Peirce‘s account of memory is linked to the development of a notion of the unconscious, which brings in both his work as an experimental psychologist and his interaction with figures such as Helmholtz, Wundt and James.
    [Show full text]
  • The Struggle for a Christian Politics
    THE COLLECTED WORKS OF HERMAN DOOYEWEERD Series B, Volume 17 GENERAL EDITOR: D.F.M. Strauss The Struggle for a Christian Politics An Essay in Grounding the Calvinistic Worldview in Its Law-Idea Series B, Volume 17 Herman Dooyeweerd Edited by D.F.M. Strauss Paideia Press 2012 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dooyeweerd, H. (Herman), 1884-1977. The Struggle for a Christian Politics Herman Dooyeweerd. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 978-0-88815-223-7 [CWHD B5] (soft) The Struggle for a Christian Politics This is Series B, Volume 17 in the continuing series The Collected Works of Herman Dooyeweerd (Initially published by Mellen Press, now published by Paideia Press ISBN 978-0-88815-223-7 The Collected Works comprise the following series: Series A contains multi-volume works by Dooyeweerd, Series B contains smaller works and collections of essays, Series C contains reflections on Dooyeweerd's philosophy designated as: Dooyeweerd’s Living Legacy, and Series D contains thematic selections from Series A and B A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. The Dooyeweerd Centre for Christian Philosophy Redeemer University College, Ancaster, ON, CANADA L9K 1J4 All rights reserved. For information contact: ÓPAIDEIA PRESS 2012 Grand Rapids, MI 49507 2012 Printed in the United States of America iv Foreword This volume contains one of the first extensive studies by Herman Dooyeweerd after he and Dirk Vollenhoven had begun to articulate their new philosophical understanding of reality. This early study (1924-27) reveals the depth and scope of Dooyeweerd¹s emerging phi- losophy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Primary Texts of Charles Sanders Peirce 9
    Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S. Peirce Dorothea Sophia BEd (Deakin), MBA (Deakin) A PhD Philosophy thesis of the University of New England July 2016 Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S Peirce Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S. Peirce © Dorothea Sophia 2016 Sydney, NSW, Australia Jacket etching: Matter # 3 © Marta Romer 1998 ii © Dorothea Sophia 2017 Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S Peirce Gratitude is due for the 2014 award of a K & D Mackay Travelling Scholarship enabling me to present a draft of my thesis to the faculty and graduate students of the Department of Philosophy, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, USA, as a visiting scholar. For my one true mentor Doug Anderson Ordeal I promise to make you more alive than you've ever been. For the first time you'll see your pores opening like the gills of a fish and you'll hear the noise of blood in galleries and feel light gliding on your corneas like the dragging of a dress across the floor. For the first time, you'll note gravity's prick like a thorn in your heel, and your shoulder blades will hurt from the imperative of wings. I promise to make you so alive that the fall of dust on furniture will deafen you, and you'll feel your eyebrows like two wounds forming and your memories will seem to begin with the creation of the world. Nina Cassian iii © Dorothea Sophia 2017 Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S Peirce iv © Dorothea Sophia 2017 Mattering: A Recreation of the Realism of Charles S Peirce Abstract: ‗Mattering‘ is the process and the product of Reality.
    [Show full text]
  • Logic Machines and Diagrams
    LOGIC M ACH IN ES AND DIAGRAMS Martin Gardner McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC. New York Toronto London 1958 LOGIC MACHINES AND DIAGRAMS Copyright 1958 by the McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the publishers. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-6683 for C. G. Who thinks in a multivalued system all her own. Preface A logic machine is a device, electrical or mechanical, designed specifically for solving problems in formal logic. A logic diagram is a geometrical method for doing the same thing. The two fields are closely intertwined, and this book is the first attempt in any language to trace their curious, fascinating histories. Let no reader imagine that logic machines are merely the play- of who to have a recreational interest in things engineers happen , symbolic logic. As we move with terrifying speed into an age of automation, the engineers and mathematicians who design our automata constantly encounter problems that are less mathemati- cal in form than logical. It has been discovered, for example, that symbolic logic can be applied fruitfully to the design and simplification of switching circuits. It has been found that electronic calculators often require elaborate logic units to tell them what steps to follow in tackling certain problems. And in the new field of operations research, annoying situations are constantly arising for which techniques of symbolic logic are surprisingly appropriate. The last chaptej: of this book suggests some of the ways in which logic machines may play essential roles in coping with the stagger- ing complexities of an automated technology.
    [Show full text]
  • Pico Della Mirandola Descola Gardner Eco Vernant Vidal-Naquet Clément
    George Hermonymus Melchior Wolmar Janus Lascaris Guillaume Budé Peter Brook Jean Toomer Mullah Nassr Eddin Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh) Jerome of Prague John Wesley E. J. Gold Colin Wilson Henry Sinclair, 2nd Baron Pent... Olgivanna Lloyd Wright P. L. Travers Maurice Nicoll Katherine Mansfield Robert Fripp John G. Bennett James Moore Girolamo Savonarola Thomas de Hartmann Wolfgang Capito Alfred Richard Orage Damião de Góis Frank Lloyd Wright Oscar Ichazo Olga de Hartmann Alexander Hegius Keith Jarrett Jane Heap Galen mathematics Philip Melanchthon Protestant Scholasticism Jeanne de Salzmann Baptist Union in the Czech Rep... Jacob Milich Nicolaus Taurellus Babylonian astronomy Jan Standonck Philip Mairet Moravian Church Moshé Feldenkrais book Negative theologyChristian mysticism John Huss religion Basil of Caesarea Robert Grosseteste Richard Fitzralph Origen Nick Bostrom Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného Scholastics Thomas Bradwardine Thomas More Unity of the Brethren William Tyndale Moses Booker T. Washington Prakash Ambedkar P. D. Ouspensky Tukaram Niebuhr John Colet Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī Panjabrao Deshmukh Proclian Jan Hus George Gurdjieff Social Reform Movement in Maha... Gilpin Constitution of the United Sta... Klein Keohane Berengar of Tours Liber de causis Gregory of Nyssa Benfield Nye A H Salunkhe Peter Damian Sleigh Chiranjeevi Al-Farabi Origen of Alexandria Hildegard of Bingen Sir Thomas More Zimmerman Kabir Hesychasm Lehrer Robert G. Ingersoll Mearsheimer Ram Mohan Roy Bringsjord Jervis Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III Alain de Lille Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud Honorius of Autun Fränkel Synesius of Cyrene Symonds Theon of Alexandria Religious Society of Friends Boyle Walt Maximus the Confessor Ducasse Rāja yoga Amaury of Bene Syrianus Mahatma Phule Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Qur'an Cappadocian Fathers Feldman Moncure D.
    [Show full text]
  • “Richtung Auf Das Unbedingte” and “Self-Transparency”: the Foundations of Paul Tillich’S Philosophy of Spirit, Meaning, and Religion (1919-1925)*
    “Richtung auf das Unbedingte” and “Self-Transparency”: The Foundations of Paul Tillich’s Philosophy of Spirit, Meaning, and Religion (1919-1925)* Fábio Henrique de Abreu** ABSTRACT The following article aims to point out some essential aspects of the philosophy of religion developed by Paul Tillich during the period of its turn toward an Idealist-neo-Kantian theory of meaning. It intends to offer an exegetical analysis that seeks to systematize, with the help of the contemporary secondary literature, the main works on the philosophy of spirit, meaning, and religion elaborated by Tillich between the years of 1919 and 1925. My intention is to demonstrate that this intermedi- ary period of Tillich’s academic production constitutes an indispensable hermeneutic key which will enable us to understand the totality of his philosophical and theological writings. In order to achieve this aim, the following analysis will seek to elucidate, within the limits of these pages, * A previous sketch of the present research can be found in: ABREU, F. H. Apontamentos sobre a relação entre religião e autorreflexividade nos escritos sobre filosofia da religião de Paul Tillich (1919-1925). Revista Eletrônica Correlatio, vol. 14, no. 27, 2015, p. 85-110. ** B.A. in Theology from the Saint Anthony Archdiocesan Theological Institute (CES- ITASA/JF). M.A. and Ph.D. in Science of Religion from the Graduate Program in Science of Religion of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Brazil (PPCIR-UFJF). Post-doctoral studies in Philosophy of Religion – PPCIR-UFJF/Evangelisch-Theologi- sche Fakultät – Universität Wien (April 2015- June 2016). Currently working as Adjunct Professor of German Classical Philosophy and Philosophical Theology at Hartford Seminary, Connecticut, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Real Problem Behind Russell's Paradox
    The real problem behind Russell’s paradox Student: L.M. Geerdink Student Number: 3250318 Email: [email protected] Thesis supervisors: prof. dr. Albert Visser prof. dr. Paul Ziche 1 —Küçük Ayıma Adanmış— 2 Table of contents: Introduction: .......................................................................................................................... 4 Structure: ........................................................................................................................... 5 Sources: ............................................................................................................................ 6 Chapter 1: Reality is such that it is non-contradictory ............................................................ 8 Russell’s earliest views ...................................................................................................... 8 Cambridge ......................................................................................................................... 8 An Essay on the Foundations of Geometry .......................................................................10 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................11 Chapter 2: Logical Atomism as the basis of a philosophy of mathematics ............................12 Bradley’s “Hegelian” logic .................................................................................................12 Moore’s The nature of Judgment and the birth of analytic philosophy
    [Show full text]