communism An economic ideology Political and economic theory derived from the ideas of karl marx. Government owns all Advantages DISAdvantages businesses and farms and - It embodies - It hampers provides its people's equality personal growth healthcare, education and - It makes health (promotes laziness, welfare. care, education, greed, etc). and employment - The government accessible to has the power to

citizens. dictate and run the - It does not allow lives of the people. business - It does not give A Few Examples: monopolies. financial freedom. - China (1949 – Present) - Cuba (1959 – Present) - North Korea (1948 – Present) “I am communist because I “Communism is like believe that the comMunist prohibition. It’s a good idea, ideal is a state form of but it won’t work.” christianity” - will Rogers

- Alexander Zhuravlyovv Socialism Government owns many of An Economic Ideology the larger industries and provide education, health and welfare services while Advantages DISAdvantages allowing citizens some - There is a balance - Bureaucracy hampers economic choices between wealth and the delivery of earnings services. - There is equal access - People are to health care and unmotivated to A Few Examples: education develop Vietnam - It breaks down social entrepreneurial skills. Laos barriers - The government has Denmark too much control Finland

“The meaning of peace is “Socialism is workable only the absence of opposition to in heaven where it isn’t need socialism” and in where they’ve got it.” - Karl Marx - Cecil Palmer

Capitalism Free-market economy; people own their own businesses and An Economic Ideology property and must buy services for private use, such as Advantages healthcare. - It is the dominant Disadvantages economic system in - It is focused on profit developed countries - It emphasizes - Some tenets of consumption capitalism are - It limits the cornerstones of government in A Few representative enforcing fair play Examples: democracy rules - United States - It is linked with - economic growth United Kingdom - Japan - - SinGapore -

“Capitalism demands the best of “Capitalism is the astounding belief every man—his rationality—and that the most wickedest of men will rewards him accordingly. It leaves do the most wickedest of things for every man free to choose ability & the greatest good of everyone.”

achievement” - Ayn Rand - John Maynard Keynes Rule by a single Dictatorship leader who has not been elected Political Ideology and may use force to keep control

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES - Power centralized in a - Dictators can abuse A Few Examples: single person (more citizens who oppose his - Sudan efficient) rule - Burma - Complete control of the - Citizens may demand - Zimbabwe military and police; can that the dictator return put an end to political control to elected unrest and maintain officials (This can lead to peace and order riots or civil wars)

“In a war, the best form of “Propaganda is to a government is democracy what violence is dictatorship” to a dictatorship”

- Warren G. Harding - William Blum Feudalism

An Economic Ideology Peasants and vassals serve a ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES powerful lord who - Stability of - Divided Rich & Poor infrastructure with - Serfs forfeited rights protects them and goods and services & paid heavy taxes takes care of their - Organized system of to keep house protection - No independence economic needs. - Awesome if you were a lord… Few Examples: - England (1066 - 1347) “Under Feudalism, the lord grants a fief “In democracy, it’s your vote. In - Russia (1679 - 1861) (land) to a vassal, and the vassal provides feudalism, its your count that - Japan (Until 1800) military service in return.” - Remote Areas in Asia - Francois Louis Ganshof votes.”- Mogens Jalberg The government is Democracy elected by the Authoritarian Ideology people. Everyone who is eligible to vote - which is a majority of the ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES population - has a - Open for change - Opportunity for - Offers representation corruption chance to have for the people - Can lead to wrong their say over who choices for leadership - Promotes Equality - Takes time to make runs the country. - Gets people involved decisions and voice out issues - Favors the majority Examples: - Argentina - Ancient Greece It has been said that The tyranny of the majority - USA democracy is the worst form suggests that in a democracy the of government except all the majority will inevitably seek to - UK others that have been tried” tyrannize the minority”

- Winston Churchill - Alex de Tocqueville Fascism A strong centralized government with Authoritarian ideology stringent social and economic control often led by a charismatic ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES dictator and • Prioritizes the welfare of the • Paves the way to abuse of characterized by country power fervent patriotism • Promotes socio-economic • prevents freedom of speech equality • Can Widen the Divide the Gap • Speeds up decision making Between Rich & Poor process • It can abuse certain groups of • It improves peace & order people A Few Examples: “You lose your “Fascism is a religion. - Italy (1922 - 1943) the 20th century will right to say be known in history as - Germany (1933 - 1945) no” the century of fascism” - M. O’Brien - Benito Mussolini Constitutional Monarchy Political Ideology Where a parliament ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES (elected officials) - There is continuity - It makes progression and the monarch where the monarch has more difficult with no limited term. tradition and customs (head of state) - History, culture, and - The monarch cannot be rule together tradition are preserved. removed. - There is a balance of - It promotes class under the law. power between the privilege. monarch as a figure head and parliament. Examples: - England (1688 - Present) “The sovereign has three “Of the various form of - Norway (1814 - Present) rights - the right to be government which have - Thailand (1932 - Present) consulted, the right to prevailed, a hereditary encourage, and the right to monarchy seems to present warn.” the fairest scope of - Walter Bagelot ridicule.” - Edward Gibbon Oligarchy A form of Authoritarian Ideology government which consists of rule by an elite group who rule in their own interests, ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES especially the - Decisions happen - No change to the accumulation of rapidly status quo wealth and privilege. - Women are more - Free speech falls to likely to ascend to the wayside power - Middle class is - Debate still exist squeezed out eXamples: - BolivIa (1825 - PResent) - Mexico “The tyranny of a prince in an “Thomas Jefferson warned about a oligarchy is not so dangerous tyranny of an oligarchy & if we to the public welfAre as the surrender our democracy to apathy of a citizen in tyranny, we’ve made a terrible democracy.” — Charles De Montesquieu mistake.” — Pat Roberston Theocracy Political Ideology A form of government where the rulers ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES claim to be ruling - Single state-supported - Making sure everyone religion encourages follows the teaching of on behalf of a set political and social one religion can be of religious ideas, unity. hard. - Ensures that leaders - Citizens who do not or as direct agents make their decisions in believe in the religion of of a deity. line with their citizens the majority can have values and beliefs their rights abused. Examples: - Vatican City “The kingdom of God is a “We do not want to live in a theocracy, and as it is the only theocracy. We should maintain - Tibet under Dalai Lama form of government which will that barrier, and government redeem and save mankind, it is has no business telling - Egyptian Pharaohs necessary that evert should should be rightly and thoroughly someone what they ought to instructed in regard to its native believe or how they should and general characteristics. - conduct their private lives. Orson Pratt Robert Reich Republic Political ideology

Led by representatives Disadvantages of the voters. Each is Advantages individually chosen -It is focused on profit for a set period of -Emphasizes consumption time. • Elected representatives, -It limits the government • Individualism, in enforcing fair play • Power of voting rules A Few Examples: United States France Greece Turkey “you must first enable the “A republican government Argentina government to control the is slow to move, yet when covered and in the next once in motion, it momentum place, oblige it to control becomes irresistible.” itself” - Thomas Jefferson - Alexander Hamilton