Art for the Court: a New Interpretation of Gerard De Lairesse's

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Art for the Court: a New Interpretation of Gerard De Lairesse's TIM LUBBERS Art for the Court: A new interpretation of Gerard de Lairesse’s paintings for the Court of Appeal of Holland (1688-1689) Gerard de Lairesse (1640-1711), once one of the most popular Netherlandish painters, is little known today, largely as a consequence of the vilifijication to which he and his work were subjected in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.1 In recent years, happily, his oeuvre has experienced a revival, culminating in Eindelijk! De Lairesse in the Rijksmuseum Twente, the fijirst exhibition ever devoted to him.2 With his distinctive classicist style reflecting Raphael and French classicists like Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665), De Lairesse, who came from Luik, was a prominent fijigure in Netherlandish painting in the period of 1660-1690. In the sixteen-eighties, at the height of his career, he was awarded prestigious commissions by Stadholder William III of Orange (1650-1702), among them ceiling paintings and works for his private apartments in Soestdijk Palace, but he also worked for Amsterdam merchants and patricians like Philips de Flines (1640-1700) and Andries de Graafff (1611-1678). The loss of his sight at the end of 1689 meant that he could no longer paint, but he reinvented himself as a creditable art theoretician. Regrettably, the impressive classicist decorations De Lairesse made in 1688-1689 for the civil council chamber of the Court of Appeal of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland (the ‘Hof van Holland’) did not appear in the exhibition. Being one of his few cycles that are still in situ, in what is now known as the ‘Lairesse Room’ in the Dutch parliamentary buildings at the Binnenhof, they can be described as De Lairesse’s most prestigious commission (fijig. 1).3 At the time, the Court was one of the foremost legal institutions in the Republic, and even in Europe. The subjects are the following: on the west wall Aeneas fleeing Troy with Anchises and Ascanius, an Allegory of justice (above the fijireplace) and Pompey the Great burning the letters from Quintus Sertorius; on the north wall The oath of Scipio, Publius Horatius Cocles defending Rome on the Pons Sublicius and The continence of Scipio; and on the east wall The clemency of Lucius Papirius Cursor.4 These are all episodes in the history of the Roman republic, the political exemplum for the Republic of the United Netherlands, but the specifijic subjects are exceptional in Dutch art. These paintings were better known in the eighteenth century than they are today, although even then they were hardly accessible. A set of engravings by Nicolaas Verkolje (1673-1743), who thought that the picture of Horatius Cocles was “a s superbly ordered as if it were done by Raphael”, was published in 1737.5 Nowadays, the paintings barely enjoy any attention. To the extent that they have been considered in the literature, they have been regarded as a ‘mirror’ for Stadholder William III of Orange, but viewing them from the perspective of legal history provides a new interpretation. I should like to begin by arguing that the Orangist inspired reading does not adequately explain De Lairesse’s cycle, this on the basis of the actual function of the council chamber, Stadholder William III’s position relative to the Court and the supposed symbolism of the stadholder’s seat that is read into the cycle. I shall then set against this an analysis from the viewpoint of legal history, examining the judicial virtues depicted in the canvases and how they present the Court’s position and its method of administering justice. 109 Oud Holland 2019 - 2/3 volume 132 1 The civil council chamber of the The earliest literature on the Lairesse Room Court of Holland, Zeeland and The earliest literature about the Lairesse Room dates from 1730, more than forty years after West-Friesland (now the Lairesse Room), 1688-89, The Hague, the decorations were painted. In his Beschrijving van ’s Graven-Hage, Jacob de Riemer Binnenhof. (1676-1762) describes the room in an imaginary tour of the Binnenhof.6 De Riemer is anything but forthcoming in his interpretation of the works. The only fijigure he explains is Justice; for the rest he simply names and describes the subjects, with references to the Latin literary sources from which they derive, such as Virgil, Plutarch and Livy. This was swiftly followed by Nicolaas Verkolje’s set of engravings of 1737, called Tafereelen, geschilderd door Gerard de Lairesse in de raadkamer van den Hove van Justitie van Holland, Zeeland en Westvriesland; volgens de afteekeningen van Nikolaas Verkolje, door de beste graveerders in ’t koper gebracht. The ‘best engravers’ referred to in this title were Pieter Tanjé (1706-1761) and Claude-Augustin Duflos (1700-1786). The drawings Verkolje made for this series (now held in the Teylers Museum, Haarlem) provide a wealth of information, because they show details that cannot be clearly made out on the canvases in their present unrestored state.7 The privilege for making the engravings states that Verkolje’s drawings for the paintings already existed in 1731, a year after the publication of De Riemer’s account of the city. Their descriptions of the paintings are very similar, suggesting that Verkolje and De Riemer collaborated.8 In his interpretation, Verkolje was advised to a considerable extent by Antonis Slicher (1655-1746).9 He had been a judge at the Court since 1686, and so was there during the creation of the canvases, and he is described as the client for the set of engravings. It is 110 Oud Holland 2019 - 2/3 volume 132.
Recommended publications
  • Szöveg És Hagyomány I
    SZÖVEG ÉS HAGYOMÁNY I. 2 SZÖVEG ÉS HAGYOMÁNY TANULMÁNYOK VÁLOGATÁS A X. MAGYAR ÓKORTUDOMÁNYI KONFERENCIÁN ELHANGZOTT DOKTORANDUSZ –ELŐADÁSOKBÓL I. szerkesztette TAKÁCS LÁSZLÓ PÁZMÁNY PÉTER KATOLIKUS EGYETEM BÖLCSÉSZET - ÉS TÁRSADALOMTUDOMÁNYI KAR PILISCSABA 2013 3 A kötet a TÁMOP-4.2.2/B-10/1-2010-0014, ’TEHETSÉGTÁ- MOGATÁS A PÁZMÁNY PÉTER KATOLIKUS EGYETEM KILENC TUDOMÁNYÁGÁBAN’ című projekt támogatásával valósult meg. ISBN 978-963-308-043-6 Felelős kiaDó: Szuromi Szabolcs Anzelm PPKE BTK Klasszika–Filológia Tanszék © a szerzők, 2013 borító: Hollós János 4 TARTALOM LECTURIS SALUTEM 7 SOLYMOSI BENEDEK ΕΡΩΣ az Argonautika negyeDik könyvében: tragikus ihletés? 9 JÁRMI VIKTÓRIA A gens Fabia emlékezete: szöveg és hagyomány 35 TÉGLÁSY KATALIN Másképp monDott ima – egy exemplum háttere 49 5 LECTURIS SALUTEM 2012. május 23-a és 26-a közt került megrenDezésre a Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem Klasszika–Filológia Tanszéke és az ÓkortuDományi Társaság Piliscsabai Tagszervezete szervezésé- ben a X. Magyar ÓkortuDományi Konferencia. Az első konfe- rencia óta eltelt két évtizeDben a renDezvény a hazai ókortu- Dományi kutatások bemutatásának legfontosabb fóruma lett, amelynek egyre nagyobb számban résztvevői a Doktori iskolák hallgatói. Ez a kis kötet a konferencián részt vett fiatal kutatók Dolgozataiból nyújt át válogatást. A tanulmányokat összekötő ka- pocs, hogy témájukban valamennyien a klasszikus antikvitáshoz kapcsolóDnak. A kötetben iroDalmi, történeti, tuDománytör- téneti, papirológiai, szöveghagyományozás-történeti tanulmányok kaptak helyet. E tematikai, móDszertani sokszínűség fontos jel- zése annak, mennyire szerteágazóak a hazai ókortuDományi kutatások, s hogy a bölcsészettuDományokat a haszontalanság pellengérére állító hamis vélekeDések s az ezek következtében az egyetemi oktatásban megfigyelhető szomorú hanyatlás ellenére is van olyan fiatal tuDósgeneráció, amely szívügyének tekinti, szereti és megérteni igyekszik minDannyiunk közös és gazDag örökségét, a klasszikus ókort.
    [Show full text]
  • Histoire Romaine
    HISTOIRE ROMAINE EUGÈNE TALBOT PARIS - 1875 AVANT-PROPOS PREMIÈRE PARTIE. — ROYAUTÉ CHAPITRE PREMIER. - CHAPITRE II. - CHAPITRE III. SECONDE PARTIE. — RÉPUBLIQUE CHAPITRE PREMIER. - CHAPITRE II. - CHAPITRE III. - CHAPITRE IV. - CHAPITRE V. - CHAPITRE VI. - CHAPITRE VII. - CHAPITRE VIII. - CHAPITRE IX. - CHAPITRE X. - CHAPITRE XI. - CHAPITRE XII. - CHAPITRE XIII. - CHAPITRE XIV. - CHAPITRE XV. - CHAPITRE XVI. - CHAPITRE XVII. - CHAPITRE XVIII. - CHAPITRE XIX. - CHAPITRE XX. - CHAPITRE XXI. - CHAPITRE XXII. TROISIÈME PARTIE. — EMPIRE CHAPITRE PREMIER. - CHAPITRE II. - CHAPITRE III. AVANT-PROPOS. LES découvertes récentes de l’ethnographie, de la philologie et de l’épigraphie, la multiplicité des explorations dans les diverses contrées du monde connu des anciens, la facilité des rapprochements entre les mœurs antiques et les habitudes actuelles des peuples qui ont joué un rôle dans le draine du passé, ont singulièrement modifié la physionomie de l’histoire. Aussi une révolution, analogue à celle que les recherches et les œuvres d’Augustin Thierry ont accomplie pour l’histoire de France, a-t-elle fait considérer sous un jour nouveau l’histoire de Rome et des peuples soumis à son empire. L’officiel et le convenu font place au réel, au vrai. Vico, Beaufort, Niebuhr, Savigny, Mommsen ont inauguré ou pratiqué un système que Michelet, Duruy, Quinet, Daubas, J.-J. Ampère et les historiens actuels de Rome ont rendu classique et populaire. Nous ne voulons pas dire qu’il ne faut pas recourir aux sources. On ne connaît l’histoire romaine que lorsqu’on a lu et étudié Salluste, César, Cicéron, Tite-Live, Florus, Justin, Velleius, Suétone, Tacite, Valère Maxime, Cornelius Nepos, Polybe, Plutarque, Denys d’Halicarnasse, Dion Cassius, Appien, Aurelius Victor, Eutrope, Hérodien, Ammien Marcellin, Julien ; et alors, quand on aborde, parmi les modernes, outre ceux que nous avons nommés, Machiavel, Bossuet, Saint- Évremond, Montesquieu, Herder, on comprend l’idée, que les Romains ont développée dans l’évolution que l’humanité a faite, en subissant leur influence et leur domination.
    [Show full text]
  • Contesting the Greatness of Alexander the Great: the Representation of Alexander in the Histories of Polybius and Livy
    ABSTRACT Title of Document: CONTESTING THE GREATNESS OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT: THE REPRESENTATION OF ALEXANDER IN THE HISTORIES OF POLYBIUS AND LIVY Nikolaus Leo Overtoom, Master of Arts, 2011 Directed By: Professor Arthur M. Eckstein, Department of History By investigating the works of Polybius and Livy, we can discuss an important aspect of the impact of Alexander upon the reputation and image of Rome. Because of the subject of their histories and the political atmosphere in which they were writing - these authors, despite their generally positive opinions of Alexander, ultimately created scenarios where they portrayed the Romans as superior to the Macedonian king. This study has five primary goals: to produce a commentary on the various Alexander passages found in Polybius’ and Livy’s histories; to establish the generally positive opinion of Alexander held by these two writers; to illustrate that a noticeable theme of their works is the ongoing comparison between Alexander and Rome; to demonstrate Polybius’ and Livy’s belief in Roman superiority, even over Alexander; and finally to create an understanding of how this motif influences their greater narratives and alters our appreciation of their works. CONTESTING THE GREATNESS OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT: THE REPRESENTATION OF ALEXANDER IN THE HISTORIES OF POLYBIUS AND LIVY By Nikolaus Leo Overtoom Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2011 Advisory Committee: Professor Arthur M. Eckstein, Chair Professor Judith P. Hallett Professor Kenneth G. Holum © Copyright by Nikolaus Leo Overtoom 2011 Dedication in amorem matris Janet L.
    [Show full text]
  • A COMPANION to the ROMAN ARMY Edited By
    ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page iii A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY Edited by Paul Erdkamp ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page i A COMPANION TO THE ROMAN ARMY ACTA01 8/12/06 11:10 AM Page ii BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO THE ANCIENT WORLD This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of periods of ancient history, genres of classical lit- erature, and the most important themes in ancient culture. Each volume comprises between twenty-five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. Ancient History Published A Companion to the Roman Army A Companion to the Classical Greek World Edited by Paul Erdkamp Edited by Konrad H. Kinzl A Companion to the Roman Republic A Companion to the Ancient Near East Edited by Nathan Rosenstein and Edited by Daniel C. Snell Robert Morstein-Marx A Companion to the Hellenistic World A Companion to the Roman Empire Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by David S. Potter In preparation A Companion to Ancient History A Companion to Late Antiquity Edited by Andrew Erskine Edited by Philip Rousseau A Companion to Archaic Greece A Companion to Byzantium Edited by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees Edited by Elizabeth James A Companion to Julius Caesar Edited by Miriam Griffin Literature and Culture Published A Companion to Catullus A Companion to Greek Rhetoric Edited by Marilyn B. Skinner Edited by Ian Worthington A Companion to Greek Religion A Companion to Ancient Epic Edited by Daniel Ogden Edited by John Miles Foley A Companion to Classical Tradition A Companion to Greek Tragedy Edited by Craig W.
    [Show full text]
  • According to Suetonius, Which Roman Historian Advi
    2010 TSJCL Certamen Advanced Level, Round One TU#1: According to Suetonius, which Roman historian advised the future emperor Claudius in a letter that he, too, should write history? LIVY B1: In what year was Livy born? 59 BC (SOME SOURCES SAY 57 BC) B2: For what reason did the emperor Augustus once fondly refer to Livy by the nickname 'Pompeianus'? LIVY HAD PRAISED POMPEY THE GREAT IN HIS WRITING (OR, IN GENERAL, THE REPUBLIC) TU#2: What was the eventual profession of the talented slave who was freed by his master Terentius Lucanus some time prior to 160 BC? (COMEDIC) PLAYWRIGHT B1: What is the meaning of the title of Terence's play Hecyra? MOTHER-IN-LAW B2: Which of the six plays of Terence is the story of twins who were separated, confused, then reunited? NONE OF THEM TU#3: What fundamental change in government and public relations did the plebeian tribune Gaius Terentilius Harsa propose in 462 BC, according to the third book of Livy? THAT ROME WRITE DOWN/PUBLISH/FORMALIZE ITS LAWS B1: When the Decemviri met in 451 BC to write up the laws, how many tables did it publish that year? TEN B2: Name both the killer and the victim in the murder that led to the removal of the Decemviri. VERGINIA, BY HER FATHER VERGINIUS TU#4: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let's go to the country." EMUS RS B1: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let us live in the country." HABITMUS (VIVMUS) RRE B2: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let them see Pompeii." VIDEANT POMPIS TU#5: Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice.
    [Show full text]
  • Roma'nin Kaderini Çizmiş Bir Ailenin
    T.C. İSTANBUL ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TARİH ANA BİLİM DALI ESKİÇAĞ TARİHİ BİLİM DALI YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ CORNELII SCIPIONES: ROMA’NIN KADERİNİ ÇİZMİŞ BİR AİLENİN TARİHİ VE MİRASI Mehmet Esat Özer 2501151298 Tez Danışmanı Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Gürkan Ergin İSTANBUL-2019 ÖZ CORNELII SCIPIONES: ROMA’NIN KADERİNİ ÇİZMİŞ BİR AİLENİN TARİHİ VE MİRASI MEHMET ESAT ÖZER Scipio ailesinin tarihi neredeyse Roma Cumhuriyeti’nin kendisi kadar eskidir. Scipio’lar Roma Cumhuriyeti’nde yüksek memuriyet görevlerinde en sık yer almış ailelerinden biri olup yükselişleri etkileyicidir. Roma’nın bir varoluş mücadelesi verdiği Veii Savaşları’ndan yükselişe geçtiği Kartaca Savaşları’na Roma Cumhuriyet tarihinin en kritik anlarında sahne alarak Roma’nın Akdeniz Dünyası’nın egemen gücü olmasına katkıda bulunmuşlardır. Aile özellikle Scipio Africanus, Scipio Aemilianus gibi isimlerin elde ettiği başarılarla Roma aristokrasisinde ön plana çıkarak Roma’nın siyasi ve askeri tarihinin önemli olaylarında başrol oynamıştır. Bu tezde Scipio ailesi antik yazarların eserleri ve arkeolojik veriler ışığında incelenerek ailenin geçmişi; siyasi, sosyal, kültürel alanlardaki faaliyetleriyle katkıları ve Roma’nın emperyal bir devlete dönüşmesindeki etkileri değerlendirilecektir. Konunun kapsamı sadece ailenin Roma Cumhuriyet tarihindeki yeriyle sınırlı kalmayıp sonraki dönemlerde de zamanın şartlarına göre nasıl algılandığına da değinilecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cornelii Scipiones, Scipio, Roma Cumhuriyeti, Aristokrasi, Scipio Africanus, Scipio Aemilianus, Kartaca, Emperyal.
    [Show full text]
  • Military Defeats, Casualties of War and the Success of Rome
    MILITARY DEFEATS, CASUALTIES OF WAR AND THE SUCCESS OF ROME Brian David Turner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2010 Approved By: Advisor: Prof. R. J. A. Talbert Prof. F. Naiden Prof. D. M. Reid Prof. J. Rives Prof. W. Riess Prof. M. T. Boatwright © 2010 Brian David Turner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT BRIAN DAVID TURNER: Military Defeats, Casualties of War and the Success of Rome (Under the direction of Richard J. A. Talbert) This dissertation examines how ancient Romans dealt with the innumerable military losses that the expansion and maintenance of their empire demanded. It considers the prose writers from Polybius (c. 150 B.C.E.) through Dio Cassius (c. 230 C.E.), as well as many items from the material record, including triumphal arches, the columns of Trajan and Marcus, and other epigraphic and material evidence from Rome and throughout the empire. By analyzing just how much (or how little) the Romans focused on their military defeats and casualties of war in their cultural record, I argue that the various and specific ways that the Romans dealt with these losses form a necessary part of any attempt to explain the military success of Rome. The discussion is organized into five chapters. The first chapter describes the treatment and burial of the war dead. Chapter two considers the effect war losses had on the morale of Roman soldiers and generals.
    [Show full text]
  • According to Suetonius, Which Roman Historian Advi
    2010 TSJCL Certamen Advanced Level, Round One TU#1: According to Suetonius, which Roman historian advised the future emperor Claudius in a letter that he, too, should write history? LIVY B1: In what year was Livy born? 59 BC (SOME SOURCES SAY 57 BC) B2: For what reason did the emperor Augustus once fondly refer to Livy by the nickname 'Pompeianus'? LIVY HAD PRAISED POMPEY THE GREAT IN HIS WRITING (OR, IN GENERAL, THE REPUBLIC) TU#2: What was the eventual profession of the talented slave who was freed by his master Terentius Lucanus some time prior to 160 BC? (COMEDIC) PLAYWRIGHT B1: What is the meaning of the title of Terence's play Hecyra? MOTHER-IN-LAW B2: Which of the six plays of Terence is the story of twins who were separated, confused, then reunited? NONE OF THEM TU#3: What fundamental change in government and public relations did the plebeian tribune Gaius Terentilius Harsa propose in 462 BC, according to the third book of Livy? THAT ROME WRITE DOWN/PUBLISH/FORMALIZE ITS LAWS B1: When the Decemviri met in 451 BC to write up the laws, how many tables did it publish that year? TEN B2: Name both the killer and the victim in the murder that led to the removal of the Decemviri. VERGINIA, BY HER FATHER VERGINIUS TU#4: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let's go to the country." EMUS RS B1: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let us live in the country." HABITMUS (VIVMUS) RRE B2: Using only two Latin words, say in Latin, "Let them see Pompeii." VIDEANT POMPIS TU#5: Listen carefully to the following passage, which I will read twice.
    [Show full text]
  • Antik Kaynaklar Işiğinda Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin Yikiliş Süreci
    T.C. KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ ANTİK KAYNAKLAR IŞIĞINDA ROMA CUMHURİYETİ'NİN YIKILIŞ SÜRECİ Hazırlayan Engin KARAKUŞ Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı Eskiçağ Tarihi Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Danışman Prof. Dr. Mehmet KURT KARAMAN – 2019 T.C. KARAMANOĞLU MEHMETBEY ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ ANTİK KAYNAKLAR IŞIĞINDA ROMA CUMHURİYETİ'NİN YIKILIŞ SÜRECİ Hazırlayan Engin KARAKUŞ Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı Eskiçağ Tarihi Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Danışman Prof. Dr. Mehmet KURT KARAMAN – 2019 I ÖNSÖZ Augustus çağının ünlü tarihçisi Titus Livius, ne yazık ki, günümüze ancak otuz beşi ulaşan yüz kırk iki kitaplık Ab urbe Condita ismiyle bilinen ünlü eserinin mukaddimesinde (praefatio) eserini kaleme alış amacını samimi bir üslup ile açıklar. Titus Livius, sözlerine, "Roma halkının tarihini tâ en başından ele alıp sonuna kadar yazacak olsam zahmete değer bir iş yapmış olur muyum, pek bilemiyorum," şeklinde kendi kendine yönelttiği bir soruyla başlar. Zira ele aldığı konunun "eski ve herkesçe bilinen bir konu" olduğunun farkındadır. Ayrıca, "olayları daha çok aydınlığa çıkaracaklarına ve yazı yazmaktaki hünerleri sayesinde eskilerin kaba üslubuna üstün geleceklerine" inanan yeni tarihçiler tarafından da eserinin gölgede bırakılabilmesi her zaman olasıdır. Ne var ki bu durum onu yazmaktan alıkoymuş da değildir. Zira her ne olursa olsun, "yeryüzünün en birinci ulusunun görkemini insanların belleğinde devam ettirmek" düşüncesinden duyduğu memnuniyet ona yetmektedir (pr. 1-3). Antik Kaynaklar Işığında Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin Yıkılış Süreci başlıklı bu çalışma da yukarıda sözü geçen duygularla hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın hazırlanmasında bana yol gösteren saygıdeğer hocam ve danışmanım Prof. Dr. Mehmet KURT ile yardımlarını benden esirgemeyen kıymetli Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Mehmet ALKAN ve Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Ercan AŞKIN hocalarıma ve ayrıca çalışmalarından yararlandığım Antik Çağ'dan bu yana doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak bu konu üzerine yazan tüm isimlere en içten teşekkürlerimi iletmeyi bir borç bilirim.
    [Show full text]
  • Eutropius, Abridgment of Roman History (Historiae Romanae
    Justin, Cornelius Nepos, and Eutropius. Literally translated ... by the Rev. John Selby W ATSON. London: George Bell and Sons (1886). pp. 401-505: Eutropius, Abridgment of Roman History. EUTROPIUS'S ABRIDGMENT OF ROMAN HISTORY. -------------------------------- 1 TO THE EMPEROR VALENS, MAXIMUS, PERPETUUS, AUGUSTUS. 2 ACCORDING to the pleasure of your Clemency, I have arranged in a brief narrative, in the order of time, such particulars in the history of Rome as seemed most worthy of notice, in transactions either of war or peace, from the foundation of the city to our own days; adding concisely, also, such matters as were remarkable in the lives of the emperors; that your Serenity's divine mind may rejoice to learn that it has followed the actions of illustrious men in 3 governing the empire, before it became acquainted with them by reading. |452 -------------------------------- BOOK I. Origin of Rome, I.----Characters and acts of the seven kings of Rome, II.----VIII.----Appointment of consuls on the expulsion of Tarquin the Proud, IX.----War raised by Tarquin; he is supported by Porsena, X. XI.----First dictator, XII.---- Sedition of the people, and origin of the tribunitial power, XIII.----A victory over the Volsci, XIV. ---- Coriolanus, being banished, makes war on his country with the aid of the Volsci; is softened by the entreaties of his wife and mother. XV.----War of the Fabii with the Vejentes; the census, XVI.----Dictatorship of Cincinnatus, XVII. The Decemviri, XVIII.----War with the Fidenates, Vejeutes, and Volsci, XIX. ----Destruction of Rome by the Gauls, XX. I. THE Roman empire, than which the memory of man can recall scarcely any one smaller in its commencement, or greater in its progress throughout the world, had its origin from Romulus; who, being the son of a vestal virgin, and, as was supposed, of Mars, was brought forth at one birth with his brother Remus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stratagems, and the Aqueducts of Rome, with an English Translation
    Jyau'M ^«voi Presented to the LIBRARIES of the UMVERSITY OF TORONTTO by MARGARET PHILLIPS THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY p:j)iTKn UY E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. 1', E. PAGE, mtt.d. \V. H. D. ROUSE. LiTT.i). FRONTIXUS FRONTINUS THE STRATAGEMS AXl) THE AQUEDUCTS OF ROME WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION P.V CHARLES E. BENNETT I.ATK GOI.DWltJ SMITH PROFESSOR OF LATIN IS CORNELL UNIVERSITY TlIK TliA.VSLATION OF THE AQUEDUCTS BEING A REVISION OF THAT OF CLEMENS HERSCHEL EDITED AND PREPARED FOR THE PRESS BV MARY B. M(ELWAIN PROFESSOR OF LATIK IN SMITH COLLEGE LONDON : W1LLL\M HEINEMANN NEW YORK : G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS MCMXXV Printed in Great Britain PREFACE Befoke his death in May 1921, Professor Bennett had finished the draft of his translation of the Strategemala and of liis revision of Clemens Herschel's transhition of the De Aquia. He had also, through various footnotes, indicated clearly his attitude toward the texts he had adopted as the basis for his trans- lation. For the editorial revision of the versions, the introductory material, the index, many of the footnotes and the general matters of typography, the responsibility should rest with the undersigned. The references to the sources of the Strategemala have been selected for the most part from those cited in Gundermann's conspectus locoriim. The translation of the Sfrafegemata is based upon Gundermann's text, Leipzig, 1888, with ver\' few changes, which are indicated in the footnotes. The brackets indicating glosses or conjectures have been omitted for the sake of appearance.
    [Show full text]
  • Quintus Fabius Maximus Ein Leben Im Dienst Der Res Publica?
    Quintus Fabius Maximus Ein Leben im Dienst der res publica? Der Fakultät für Geschichte, Kunst- und Orientwissenschaften der Universität Leipzig eingereichte D I S S E R T A T I O N zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades DOCTOR PHILOSOPHIAE (Dr. phil.) vorgelegt von Kevin Straßburger geboren am 10.06.1988 in Halle/Saale Leipzig, den 04.09.2018 Meinen Eltern und Großeltern 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Quintus Fabius Maximus 1. Einleitung 6-9 2. Antike Autoren und die Quellenlage 2.1 Livius 10-14 2.2 Polybios 15-18 2.3 Plutarch 18-23 2.4 Cassius Dio 23-25 2.5 Silius Italicus 25-26 2.6 Quintus Ennius 27- 28 2.7 Fabius Pictor und die römische Annalistik 2.7.1 Quintus Fabius Pictor 28-34 2.7.2 Die „Annalisten“ und ihre Beziehungen zueinander 34-42 2.8 Inschriften 42-45 3. Die Machtstrauktur des Patriziats 46-66 4. Die Fabier, die Jugend und der 1. Punische Krieg 4.1 Die Fabier – Patrizisches Ideal 67-69 4.2 Abstammung, Jugend und Eintritt in die Politik 69-75 4.3 Der Aufstieg: Das 1. und 2. Konsulat 76-85 4.4 Am Vorabend des 2. Punischen Krieges 86-92 5. Der Beginn des Krieges und die Diktatur rei gerundae causa 5.1 Die „Wahl“ des Diktators – das Volk als Legitimation 93-102 5.2 Erste Maßnahmen: Religion – Opium für das Volk? 102-112 5.3 Fabius und Hannibal – Kollision ohne Berührung 112-125 5.4 Fabius und Minucius 125-139 5.5 Die Diktatur – eine Erfolgsgeschichte? 139-143 3 6.
    [Show full text]