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MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ST~NDARDS-1963-A

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Points of view or opini.ons stated in this document are those of the author(s} and do not represent the official position or policies of the U. S. Department of Justice. r . ! ! .Date Filmed I i I NiltiOll(l1 I!ls~i~llte of ,Justice I United States Department of Justice 02/05/81! \ I J. Washington, 'D. C. 20531 I I il ,! - r - --, ~~~¥J ~ORCEMEN'r ©~im@ ~@ThlIl@~ rBlBUUETIN ~(t£ APRIL 1980, VOLUME 49, NUMBER 4 Contents The

FacUities 1 "Training Wheels" for Police> . . " Lust Murderer By Robert Clark Stone, Commissioner, Bureau ot Training, Ken~uck~ Department of Justice, Richmond, Ky. By ROBERT R. HAZELWOOD and JOHN E. DOUGLAS On August 29, 1975, the nude, Operations 7 Everett's 12-Hour Shift . mutilated body of a 25-year-old mother It is the authors' contention that Special Agents of two was found near Columbia, S.C. the lUst murder is unique and is distin­ By Capt. Gil Davis and James J. Tracy, Ph. D., Police Department, Behavioral Science Unit Both breasts had been removed, the guished from the sadistic homicide by Everett, Wash. FBI Academy reproductive system had been dis­ the involvement of a mutilating attack r, Quantico, Va. Police Conduct placed, numerous cut and stab wounds or displacement of the breasts, rectum, ~o A Procedural Model for Processing Cit~ze~ co~~~~ or genitals. Further, while there are By Lt. Dorothy D. Knox, Police Department, Detroit, Mich. were evidenced by the body, and there was indication of anthropophagy.l always exceptions, basically two types Police .. Community 14 The Junior Security Patrol and the Militar~ instal.lation . This was the scene of a lust mur­ of individuals commit the lust murder. These individuals will be labeled as the Relations ' By SSgt. Mary F. Baker, Security Police/Crime Prevention Section, Nellis der, one of the most heinous crimes Air Force Base, Nev. committed by man. While not a com­ Organized Nonsocial and the Disor­ mon occurrence, it is one which fright­ ganized Asocial personalities. Crime The Lust Murderer ens and arouses the public as does no The Organized Nonsocial Problems~8 &~b Y~ . other crime. By Robert R. Hazelwood and John E. Dougla~, Special Agents, The organized nonsocial (nonso­ Behavioral Science Unit, FBI Academy, Quantico, Va. Of primary concern are those fac­ Cial) lust murderer exhibits complete tors which differentiate the lust murder indifference to the interests and Administration 23 The Administration of the Small Police Depar~ment from the more common sadistic homi­ welfare of SOCiety and displays an irre­ By Sgt. Raymond E. Arthurs, Police Department, Palos Heights, III. cide, physical evidence present at the sponsible and self-centered attitude. scene which may assist in determining While disliking people in general, he Legal Interview of Public Employees Cril)1inal 0 the responsible individual($), and does not avoid them. Instead, he is The Digestt7 ~eQarding ~ 2?' r Possible personality characteristics of if capable of displaying an amiable fa­ Misconduct Allegations-Constitutional Considerations the murderer. It is not the authors' (Conclusion) . . . ~i cade for as long as it takes to manipu­ contention that the material presented late people toward his own personal By Joseph R. Davis, Special Agent, Legal Counsel DIVISion, Federal 'j is applicable to all such crimes or their Bureau of Investigation, Washington, D.C. \J goal. He is a methodical and cunning perpetrators, but rather that the major­ individual, as demonstrated in the ity of the crimes and offenders involved 32 Wanted by the FBI perpetration of his crime. He is fully will exhibit the characteristics set forth. cognizant of the criminality of his act The data presented here have not and its impact on SOCiety, and it is for been quantified, but are based upon The Caver: this reason that he commits the crime. Federal Bureau of Investigation Published by the Public Affairs Office, the authors' examination of case re­ A patrol boat and United States Department of Justice Homer A. Boynton, Jr., He generally lives some distance from helicopter of the ports, interviews with investigative per­ Executive Assistant Director the crime scene and will cruise, seek­ Portsmouth. Va .• Police Washington, D.C. 20535 sonnel, and a careful review of the Department respond to Editor-Thomas J. Deakin ing a victim. Dr. Robert P. Brittain, literature. Minor variations of the terms a call. William H, Webster, Director Assistant Editor-Kathyrn E. Sulewski author of "The Sadistic Murderer," has Art Director-Carl A. Gnam, Jr. used may Occur, depending on the stated, "They (sadistic murderers) are The Attorney General has determined that the publication Writer/Editor-Karen McCarron source of reference. of this periodical is necessary in the transaction of the Production Manager-Jeffery L. Summers excited by cruelty, whether in books or public business required by law of the Department of in films, in fact or fantasy." 2 Justice. Use of funds for printing this periodical has been It approved by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget through December 28, 1983. ,.~ ISSN 0014-5688 USPS 383-310 l \, 18 / FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin

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The Disorganized Asocial The disorganized asocial (asocial) lust murderer exhibits primary charac­ teristics of societal aversion. This indi­ vidual prefers his own company to that of others and would be typified as a loner. He experiences difficulty in ne­ gotiating interpersonal relationships and consequently feels rejected and lonely. He lacks the cunning of the nonsocial type and commits the crime in a more frenzied and less methodical manner. The crime is like!y to be com­ mitted in close proximity to his resi­ dence or place of employment, where he feels secure and more at ease.

The Crime The lust murder is premeditated in the obsessive fantasies of the perpe­ trator. Yet, the killer may act on the "spur-of-the-moment" when the op­ portunity presents itself. That is to say, the murderer has precisely planned the crime in his fantasies, but has not con­ sciously decided to act out those fanta­ sies until the moment of the crime. _ 1 Consequently, the victim is typically un­ known to the killer, a fact borne out by the cases studied by the authors. The location of the victim's body may be indicative of the type of mur­ derer involved. Typically, the asocial type leaves the body at the scene of death, and while the location is not open to the casual observer, there has been no attempt to conceal the body. Conversely, the nonsocial type com­ mits the crime in a secluded or isolated location and may later transport it to an area where it is likely to be found. -

While there may be no conscious in­ Dr. de River comments that the finger, a lock of hair, or a part of the Portrait of the Lust Murderer tent to be arrested, the nonsocial type The individual designated by the These sadistic [fantasies] seem instrument itself may be symbolic to body with sexual association. The sou­ What set of circumstances create wants the excitement derived from the authors as the organized nonsocial always to have preceded the bru­ the murderer and he may place it in a venir is taken to enable the murderer to the individual who becomes the lust publicity about the body's discovery type harbors similar feelings of hostil­ tal act of lust murder. These fanta­ position near the victim. This is a form relive the scene in later fantasies. The murderer? The authors do not possess and its impact on the victim's commu­ ity, but elects not to withdraw and inter­ sies take all sorts of grotesque of pride and exhibitionistic behavior killer here is acting out his fantasy, and the expertise to explain the multiple nity. nalize his hostility. Rather, he overtly and cruel forms. The pervert, on and can be sexually gratifying to him. 4 complete possession of the victim is and complex casual factors associated The lust murder is committed in a expresses it through aggressive and this level of degeneracy, may re­ The investigator may find that the part of that fantasy. As previously men­ with the psychological development of brutally sadistic manner. While the vic­ seemingly senseless acts against soci­ sort to pornographic pictures, gro­ victim has been bitten on the breasts, tioned, the perpetrator may commit an the individual who commits such a hei­ tim may be either male or female, the ety. Typically, he begins to demon­ tesque and cruel literary episodes, buttocks, neck, abdomen, thighs, or anthropophagic act and such an act is nous crime. But, it is generally ac­ crime is predominantly heterosexual strate his hostility as he passes out of which he weaves fantasies. genitals, as these body areas have indicative of asocial involvement. cepted that the foundation of the per­ and intraracial in nature. The victim's through puberty and into adolescence. On these, his imagination dwells sexual associations. Limb or breast Finally, the scene itself will exhibit sonality is formed within the first few body exhibits gross mutilation and/or He would be described as a trouble­ until he loses all contact with reali­ amputation, or in some instances total much less physical evidence when the years of life. While extreme stress, fre­ displacement of the breasts, rectum, or maker and a manipulator of people, ty, only to find himself suddenly dissection, may have taken place. Dis- murderer is the nonsocial type. As stat­ quent narcotic use, or alcohol abuse genitals and may have been subjected concerned only for himself. He experi­ impelled to carry his fantasies into ed, the individual categorized as the can cause personality disorganization to excessive stabbing or slashing with ences difficulties with family, friends, the world of actuality. This is done, nonsocial type is very cunning and in later life, it is the early ~Iears that are a sharp instrument. The victim's death apparently, by drawing human ob­ "The lust murder is more methodical than the asocial type, critical to the personality structure and jects into the fantasy." 8 typically occurs shortly following ab­ who commits a more frenzied assault. development. "The lust murder is premeditated in the James Russell Odom, tried and duction or attack, and the mutilation It is interesting to note, however, that obsessive fantasies of Seldom does the lust murderer committed in a brutally convicted with James Clayton Lawson that takes place follows death. Dr. J. both types may be compelled to return Paul de River notes in his book, Crime come from an environment of love and sadistic rrlanner." for the brutal lust murder described at the perpetrator." to the scene, albeit for different rea­ and the Sexual Psychopath: understanding. It is more likely that he the beginning of this article, stated that sons. While the asocial type may return was an abused or neglected child who while he and Lawson were at a mental "The lust murderer, usually, after section of the victim's body, when to engage in further mutilation or to and "authority figures" through antiso­ experienced a great deal of conflict in institution, they would express their killing his victim, tortures, cuts, committed by the nonsocial type, may cial acts which may include homicide. relive the experience, the nonsocial his early life and was unable to develop fantasies about women: maims or slashes the victim in the be an attempt to hinder the identifica­ type returns to determine if the body Thomas Strentz and Conrad Hassel, in and use adequate coping devices (Le. "(Odom) raping them and Lawson regions on or about the genitalia, tion of the victim. The asocial individual has been discovered and to check on the June 1978 issue of Journal of Po­ defense mechanisms). Had he been mutilating them . . . (we had fan­ rectum, breast in the female, and approaches his victim in much the the progress of the investigation. In­ lice Science and Administration, wrote able to do so, he would have withstood tasized so much that at times I about~ttJe neck, throat and but­ same way as an inquisitive child with a stances have occurred when the non­ of a youth who had first murdered at the stresses placed on him and devel­ didn't know what was reaL" 9 tocks, as usually these parts con­ new toy. He involves himself in an social type changed the body's the age of 15 and was committed to a oped normally in early childhood. It If he acts out the fantasy (commits tain strong sexual significance to exploratory examination of the sexually location to insure its discovery. mental institution. After his release he must be emphasized that many individ­ the crime), his goal will be to destroy him, and serve as sexual stimu­ significant parts of the body in an at­ Of interest is the almost obsessive murdered and dismembered eight w~m­ lus." 3 uals are raised in environments not the victim and thereby become the tempt to determine how they function desire of the nonsocial type to assess en. 7 It is the nonsocial's aim to get conducive to healthy psychological de­ sole possessor. James Lawson (men­ If, however, there is physical or and appear beneath the surface. the police investigation, even to the even with society and inflict pain and velopment, yet they become produc­ punishment upon others. tioned above) is quoted as saying: medical evidence indicating the victim Occasionally, it will be noted that extent of frequenting police "hang­ was subjected to torture or mutilation tive citizens. These stresses, "Then I cut her throat so she the murderer has smeared the victim's outs" to eavesdrop on discussions of The Role of Fantasy frustrations, and subsequent anxieties, would not scream. . . . at this prior to death, this factor indicates that blood on himself, the victim, or the unsolved crimes, or in some manner, the perpetrator was the nonsocial rath­ along with the inability to cope with As noted, the lust murder is time I wanted to cut her body so surface on which the body rests. This inserting himself into the investigation. er than the asocial type. them, may lea.d the individual to with­ premeditated in obsessive fantasies she would not look like a person activity is more frequently associated In one case, the murderer returned to Seldom will the lust murderer use a draw from the society which he per­ experienced by both the asocial and and destroy her so she would not with the asocial type and relates to the the scene after it had been examined firearm to kill, for he experiences too ceives as hostile and threatening. nonsocial murderers. Fantasy provides exist. I began to cut on her body. I uncontrollable frenzy of the attack. by police laboratory technicians and little psychosexual gratification with Through this internalization proc­ them an avenue of escape from a remember cutting her breasts off. Penis penetration of the victim is deposited articles of clothing worn by such an impersonal weapon. Most fre­ ess, he becomes secluded and iso­ world of hate and rejection. Dr. James After this, all I remember is that I not to be expected from the asocial the victim on the day she died. In both quently, death results from strangula­ lated from others and may eventually J. Reinhardt in his book, Sex Perver­ kept cutting on her body." 10 individual, but is predominantly associ­ of two other cases, the killer visited the tion, blunt force, or the use of a pointed, select suicide as an alternative to a life sions and Sex Crimes, has written: The victim may represent some­ ated with the nonsocial type, even to cemetery site of the victim and left sharp instrument. The asocial type is of loneliness and frustration. The au­ "A study of these cases almost thing he desires sexually, but is unable the extent of "necrophilia." 5 These ac­ articles belonging to the victim on her mora prone to use a weapon of oppor­ thors have designated this reaction to invariably reveals a long struggle to approach. Lawson speaks again, "I tivities on the nonsocial's part reflect grave. It is as though he were involved tunity and may leave it at the scene, life as disorganized asocial. This type against what Reik calls the 'for­ did not rape the girl. I only wanted to his desire to outrage SOCiety and call in a "game" with the authorities. Such while the nonsocial type may carry ihe possesses a poor self-image and se­ ward thrust.' By fantasy the mur­ destroy her." 11 attention to his total disdain for societal actions appear to further his "will to murder weapon with him and take it cretly rejects the society which he feels derer attempts to wall himself in acceptance. The asocial type more power" 6 or desire to control. rejects him. Family and associates against thE! fatal act, while at the when departing the scene. Therefore, commonly inserts foreign objects into the murderer's choice of weapon and would describe him a nice, quiet per­ same time gratifying the compul­ the body orifaces in a probing and son who keeps to himself, but who sive psychic demands in the de­ its proximity to the scene can be greatly curiOSity-motivated, yet brutal, manner. significant to the investigation. never quite realized his potential. Dur­ velopment and use of fantasy. Evidence of ejaculation may be found ing adolescence, he may have en­ on or near the victim or her clothing. gaged in voyeuristic activities or the Frequently, the murderer will take theft of feminine clothing. Such activi­ a "souvenir," normally an object or ties serve as a substitute for his inabil­ article of clothing belonging to the vic­ ity to approach women sexually in a tim, but occasionally it may be a more mature and confident manner. personal reminder of the encounter-a

20 / FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin April 1980 / 21

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Rarely encountered is the asocial A profile is based on characteristic The organized nonsocial type type who is capable of normal hetero­ patterns or factors of uniqueness that feels rejection by and hatred for the li sexual relationships. He may desire distinguish certain individuals from the society in which he lives. His hostile such relationships, but he also fears general population. In the case of lust feelings are manifested overtly, and J), them. Dr. Reinhardt, on an interview murder, clues to those factors of the lust murder is the final expression with a famous lust murderer, wrote: uniqueness are found on the victim's of the hatred he feels. The disorgan­ " ... he at first denied ever at­ body and at the scene and would in­ ized asocial type also feels rejection tempting any sex play with girls. clude the amount and location of muti­ and hatred for his world, but withdraws Two days later with one of his rare lation involved, type of weapon used, and internalizes his feelings, living I shows of emotion he said, looking cause of death, and the position of the within a world of fantasy until he acts i much ashamed, that twice, later body. The profiler is searching for out that fantasy with his victim. ~ clues which indicate the probable While commonalities exist in the l correcting himself to eight times, ft ~ he had touched girls 'on the personality configuration of the respon­ commission of the lust murder, there breasts' and then pressed 'on the sible individual. are certain factors which may indicate }'1 the personality type involved. These fl leg.' Always having done this, he \j would immediately burst into tears "The location of the factors include the location of the and 'be upset and unable to victim's body may be body, evidence of torture or mutilation ~~ sleep'." 12 having occurred prior to death, smear­ it indicative of the type ing of the victim's blood, evidence of I The Psychological Profile of murderer involved." penis penetration or anthropophagy, 11 A psychological profile is an edu­ and the availability of physical evi­ 1 cated attempt to provide investigative In preparing the profile, it is prefer­ d·ence at the scene. ~ agencies with specific information as able to have access to the scene prior . The crime is premeditated in the j II \ to the type of individual who committed to its disturbance. In most instances, obsessive fantasies experienced by ! 1 a certain crime. It must be clearly this is impossible. In lieu of being at the both the asocial and the nonsocial lJ stated at the outset that what can be scene, the profiler must be provided type~" yet it is a crime of opportunity, \ done in this area is limited, and pre­ investigative reports, autopsy proto­ one in which the victim is not usually I~ 1 scribed investigative procedures cols, detailed photographs of the body, known to the murderer. should not be suspended, altered, or scene, and surrounding area, as well The use of psychological profiling Ii replaced by receipt of a profile. Rather, as a map depicting the victim's last in such crimes may be of assistance in I; the material provided should be con­ known location in relation to its present determining the personality type in­ ~ I sidered and employed as another in­ location and any known information volved. It is a search for clues indicat­ 11 ing the probable personality vestigative tool. The process is an art pertaining to the victim and her 1 and not a science, and while it may be activities. configuration of the responsible individ­ II I I applicable to many types of investiga­ There are violent crimes in which ual(s). It is a useful tool, but must not I f tions, its use is restricted primarily to there is an absence of uniqueness; alter, suspend, or replace prescribed II I crimes of violence or potential therefore, it is not possible to provide a investigative procedures. FBI q } violence. profile. However, this is not likely to ~ When prepared by the FBI, the occur in the case of a lust murder. Footnotes \ profile may include the perpetrator's I Anthropophagy: Consuming the victim's flesh or \ Summary blood. ~ I age, race, sex, socioeconomic and 'Robert P. Brittain, "The Sadistic Murderer," Medical ! marital status, educational level, arrest While not a common occurrence, Science and the Law, vol. IV (1970), p. 202. 1 I 'J. Paul de River, Crime and the Sexual Psychopath history, location of residence in relation the lust murder frightens and arouses (Springfield, III.: Charies C. Thomas, 1950), p. 40. to the scene, and certain personality the public as does no other crime. The • J. Paul de River, The Sexual Criminal (Springfield, III.: Charles C. Thomas, 1950), p.233. 11 i), traits. lust murder involves the death and 'Necrophilia: A desire for relations with the dead. t ·Calvin S. Hall and Lindsey Gardner, Theories of H subsequent mutilating attack of the Personality, 2d ed. (New York: .John Wiley and Sons, Inc., breasts, rectum, and genital areas of 1970). fj\H Ii the victim. The crime is typically het­ 'Thomas Strentz and Conrad V. Hassel, "The Socio­ II ( path-A Criminal Enigma," Joumal of Police Science and 11 ~l erosexual and intraracial in nature and Administration, (June 1978). 'James J. Reinhardt, Sex PeNorsions and Sex is committed by one of two types of Crimes (Springfield, III.: Charles C. Thomas, 1957), pp. 208-209. 1.1I individuals: The disorganized asocial I I1 ·Statement of Odom as reported by Tho Record personality, or the organized nonsocial (newspaper) April 7, 1976, l-A. I·Statement made to South Carolina law enforcement tl I personality. authorities by James Clay10n Lawson on September 3, 1975. I II Ibid. I2Reinhardt, pp. 221-222. I, l' I f: (I \\1 22 / FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin r II( I ~!i) p I ~------

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