Fact Sheet Last update: October 2010

GENERAL INDICATORS

Official name: República de Perú Official languages: Spanish, Quechua Capital: (7.6 million inhabitants) Other large cities: Arequipa (860,000), Trujillo (634,000) Main port: (Lima)

Administrative divisions: 24 regions and 1 province (Lima) National holiday: 28 July – Independence Day

Total area: 1.3 Million sq km Comparative area: Slightly more than twice the size of France Borders with: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile Major natural resources: Copper, lead, zinc, silver, natural gas

SOCIAL INDICATORS

Population: 28.0 Million Urban population: 71,6 % Pop. growth rate: 1.5 % p.a Median age: 25.5 years Ethnicity: 45 % Indigenous, 37 % Mestizo (white-indigenous), 15 % White, 3 % Other Religion: 81 % Roman Catholic

Human Development Indicators (2007 unless stated otherwise):

Life expectancy Infant mortality Adult literacy Gross enrolment HDI Value1 at birth (years) rate (per 1000) rate (% ≥15 yrs) in education (%)

Colombia (0.81) Ecuador (75.0) Colombia (16) Colombia (92.7) Bolivia (86.0)

Peru (0.81) Peru (73.0) Ecuador (21) Ecuador (91.0) Peru (88.1)

Ecuador (0.81) Colombia (72.7) Peru (22) Bolivia (90.7) Colombia (79.0)

Bolivia (0.73) Bolivia (65.4) Bolivia (46) Peru (89.6) Ecuador (-)

Income Population below Human Rights GEM Value3 Corruption4 distribution (Gini)2 poverty line (%) Situation USD 2/day

Peru (49.6) Ecuador (12.8) Peru (0.64) Colombia (3.7) Generally good, but Ecuador (54.4) Peru (18.5) Ecuador (0.62) many social conflicts; Peru (3.7) has ratified most Bolivia (58.2) Colombia (27.9) Colombia (0.51) international treaties Bolivia (2.7)

Colombia (58.5) Bolivia (30.3) Bolivia (0.51) Ecuador (2.2)

1 HDI: Human Development Index – comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, and standard of living 2 Gini index: measure of inequality – a value closer to 0 indicates higher equality 3 GEM: Gender Empowerment Measure – reveals if women take active part in economic and political life; value closer to 1 indicates higher equality 4 CPI: perceived corruption among public officials and politicians – ranges from 10 (no corruption) to 0 (highly corrupt) Source: Human Development Report 2009 POLITICAL INDICATORS

Government type: Republic with unicameral Congress (120 seats) Head of state: President Alan GARCIA Perez* First Vice President: Luis GIAMPIETRI Rojas Second Vice President: del Solar

* President is both chief of state and head of government

Electoral system:  President elected by popular vote to serve 5-year term  In Congress, 120 members elected through party-list proportional representation system to serve 5-year terms

Main Political Parties:

Left: Right:

Unión por el Perú (UPP) Unidad Nacional (UN) (Union for Peru) (National Unity)

Partido Aprista Peruano (PAP) Alianza por el Futuro (AF) (Peruvian Aprista Party) (Alliance for the Future) - RULING PARTY – Frente de Centro (AFC) (Center Front) Partido Nacionalista Peruano (PNP) Peruvian Nationalist Party

Last Elections: Last Presidential Election (09/04 and 04/06/2006)

First Paniagua round: (AFC) Other Humala (UPP) 5,75% 8,06% 30,62% Last Legislative Election (09/04/2006) Chavez (AF) 7,43% Composition of Congress (120 Seats)

45

36 Flores (UN) Garcia (PAP) 23,81% 24,32%

17 13

Second 5 4 round: Garcia (PAP) Humala (UPP) 52,63% 47,38% UPP PAP UN AF AFC OTHER

Next election: April 2011 (presidential and legislative) Source: Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales (ONPE) ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2008

GDP (million US$) GDP per capita (US$) GDP growth (%) GDP by sector

Colombia (243,765) Colombia (5,416) Peru (9.8)

Peru (129,109) Peru (4,477) Ecuador (6.5) agriculture: 7.2% industry: 36,2% Ecuador (54,686) Ecuador (4,056) Bolivia (6.1.5) services: 56,6%

Bolivia (16,674) Bolivia (1,720) Colombia (2.5)

Tax Revenue (% GDP) Inflation (%) Unemployment (%) External Debt (% GDP)

Bolivia (17.0) 2007 Peru (1.8) Ecuador (6.9) Bolivia (33.2)

Peru (15.4) Ecuador (2.3) Peru (7.0) 2007 Ecuador (30.8)

Colombia (12.6) Colombia (5.4) Colombia (11.7) Peru (22.1)

Ecuador (n/a) Bolivia (6.9) Bolivia n/a Colombia (19.2)

Sources: Comunidad Andina, World Bank, Proinversión