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8 Impact Assessment and Mitigation

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8 Impact Assessment and Mitigation Zambezi River Authority Public Disclosure Authorized Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) Volume I Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Revised October 14, 2020 Zambezi River Authority Kariba Table of Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project Objectives .......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Project Proponent .......................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Purpose of this Report ................................................................................................... 3 1.5 International and Regulatory Requirements for ESIA................................................... 3 1.6 ESIA Methodology ........................................................................................................ 4 1.7 ESIA and ESMP Update ............................................................................................... 6 1.8 Structure of updated Kariba ESIA-ESMP ..................................................................... 6 2 Project Description ............................................................................................................ 7 2.1 Project Background and Location ................................................................................. 7 2.2 Plunge Pool and Spillway Rehabilitation ...................................................................... 9 2.3 KDRP Components ..................................................................................................... 10 2.4 Project Land, Materials and Labour Requirements ..................................................... 20 2.5 Schedule and Costs ...................................................................................................... 21 2.6 Area of Influence ......................................................................................................... 22 3 Project Rationale ............................................................................................................. 25 3.1 Avoidance of Catastrophic Dam Failure ..................................................................... 25 3.2 Maintenance of Renewable Generation Capacity ....................................................... 25 4 Policy and Legal Requirements ....................................................................................... 26 4.1 Applicable Legal Requirements for ESIA ................................................................... 26 4.2 Key Applicable Legislation and Permitting Requirements ......................................... 27 4.3 International regulations and treaties ........................................................................... 46 4.4 Zambezi River Authority (ZRA) Mission, Vision, Values and Policy ........................ 46 4.5 Mandatory Environmental and Social Safeguards Policies ........................................ 47 5 Assessment of Alternatives ............................................................................................. 55 5.1 No Project Alternative ................................................................................................. 55 5.2 Reservoir Management Alternatives ........................................................................... 55 5.3 Plunge Pool Cofferdam Alternatives ........................................................................... 57 5.4 Slipway Site Alternatives ............................................................................................ 58 5.5 Waste Rock Dump Site Alternatives ........................................................................... 59 5.6 Alternatives Blasting Technologies Considered .......................................................... 61 6 Public Participation and Consultation ............................................................................. 62 6.1 Public Participation Process ........................................................................................ 62 6.2 Issues and Concerns Raised ......................................................................................... 68 6.3 ESIA Disclosure .......................................................................................................... 70 Zambezi River Authority i Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) 6.4 Ongoing Consultation During Construction To-date .................................................. 72 6.5 Disclosure of the Updated ESIA and ESMP ............................................................... 72 7 Baseline Information ....................................................................................................... 73 7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 73 7.2 Physical Environment .................................................................................................. 74 7.3 Biological Environment ............................................................................................... 80 7.4 Social Characteristics ............................................................................................... 106 8 Impact Assessment and Mitigation ............................................................................... 114 8.1 Impact Assessment Methodology .............................................................................. 114 8.2 Impacts on the Physical Environment ....................................................................... 117 8.3 Impacts on the Biological Environment .................................................................... 125 8.4 Impacts on the Social Environment ........................................................................... 130 Source: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus:accessed on 11/08/2020 . ................... 133 8.5 Summary of Impacts and Residual Impacts .............................................................. 149 8.6 Impacts of Associated Facilities ................................................................................ 150 8.7 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................................... 153 9 Environmental and Social Management Plan ................................................................ 156 9.1 Scope and Objectives of the ESMP ........................................................................... 156 9.2 ESMP Organizational Structure ................................................................................ 156 9.3 .................................................................................................. 168 9.4 ZRA Plans ................................................................................................................. 215 10 Monitoring ................................................................................................................. 223 10.1 ............................................................................................ 223 10.2 ZRA Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 224 11 ESMP Implementation Schedule and Budget ........................................................... 239 11.1 Implementation Schedule .......................................................................................... 239 11.2 Budget ....................................................................................................................... 239 12 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 242 13 References ................................................................................................................. 243 14 Appendix A Administrative and Legal Framework of Zambia and Zimmbabwe .. 250 14.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 250 14.2 Zambian Institutional Framework ............................................................................. 251 14.3 Zambian Environmental and Social Laws and Regulations ...................................... 256 14.4 Zambian Development Policies ................................................................................. 265 14.5 International Treaties, Conventions and Protocols .................................................... 266 14.6 Zimbabwean Institutional Framework....................................................................... 268 Zambezi River Authority ii Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) 14.7 Zimbabwean Environmental and Social Laws and Regulations ............................... 272 14.8 Zimbabwean Development Policies .......................................................................... 284 15 Appendix B Consultation Materials and evidence of meetings. ............................. 286 16 Appendix C IBAT Proximity Report ..................................................................... 287 17 Appendix D - General Requirements .......................................................................
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