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ZIMBABWE CHECKLIST VEGETATION MAP

BIOMES

Desert (Namib; Sahara; Danakil)

Semi-desert (Karoo; Sahel; Chalbi)

Arid savannah (Kalahari; Masai Steppe; Ogaden)

Grassland (Highveld; Abyssinian) SEYCHELLES Mediterranean Scrub / Fynbos

East African Coastal & Scrub

Dry (including Mopane)

Moist woodland (including Miombo)

Tropical Rainforest (Congo Basin; Upper )

Afro-Montane Forest & (Drakensberg; Nyika; Albertine Rift; Abyssinian Highlands)

Granitic Indian Ocean IslandS (Seychelles) INTRODUCTION

The idea of this booklet is to enable you, as a Wilderness guest, to keep a detailed record of the , , and that you observe during your travels. It also serves as a compact record of your African journey for future reference that hopefully sparks interest in other wildlife spheres when you return home or when travelling elsewhere on our fragile planet.

Although always exciting to see, especially for the first-time Africa visitor, once you move beyond the cliché of the ‘Big Five’ you will soon realise that our wilderness areas offer much more than certain flagship species. Africa’s large mammals are certainly a big attraction that one never tires of, but it’s often the smaller mammals, diverse birdlife and incredible reptiles that draw one back again and again for another unparalleled visit. Seeing a breeding herd of elephant for instance will always be special but there is a certain thrill in seeing a Lichtenstein’s hartebeest, cheetah or a Lilian’s lovebird – to name but a few.

As a globally discerning traveller, look beyond the obvious, and challenge yourself to learn as much about all wildlife aspects and the ecosystems through which you will travel on your safari.

Enjoy your journey with us!

TIPS FOR WILDLIFE VIEWING

• Binoculars are essential, particularly for observing birds and smaller species. When larger are spotted at a distance, binoculars will enhance the enjoyment of those particular sightings. • Patience is a good virtue for wildlife viewing. Spend a little more time at each sighting and quietly observe fascinating behavioural traits coming to the fore. • Early morning and late afternoon are the best times to be out looking for wildlife. This is the ‘golden hour’ for photography and animal activity peaks, with nocturnal species (e.g. leopard) often still active. • During the heat of the day many animals will drink at waterholes (e.g. elephant, zebra), making this a good time to be there. • Night drives (where available) can also be rewarding for nocturnal mammals such as genets, bushbabies, leopard, civet, and certain mongoose species. • Best months for watching are December to April when resident birds are most active and intra-African and Palaearctic migratory species are in the subregion. • Amphibians are best searched for in the warmer (and wetter) summer months. During this period the rains (softening of soils) and formation of seasonal pools trigger their breeding activity which is accompanied by much calling. Male call to attract a mate, collectively becoming a chorus of different species which is quite a sound to hear. The call is unique to each species, and will attract females of only that species. Aestivation (see below) is common amongst amphibians in the colder and dryer winter months. • reptiles are also far more active in the summer months and are thus easier to observe during this time. In the winter months they tend to aestivate – a period of dormancy and inactivity amongst most reptiles as a result of colder temperatures and drier conditions.

1 HOW TO USE THESE CHECKLISTS

• The checklist presented does not cover the entire country, but rather is a comprehensive list for our areas of operation. • The oval circle indicates that the species is present for a given locality. • The detailed species lists have been grouped taxonomically by family and by Wilderness areas of operation in , Zambia and Malawi. • A number of species are migratory (e.g. birds) or may hibernate (e.g. and frogs) during the southern African winter so they may not be seen during your visit. • Endemic/Near-Endemic species and are marked with an asterisk. • The botanical diversity of these countries is significant and beyond the practical realms of this checklist, and has thus been omitted. The guides on your trip are knowledgeable in the local flora, will have the necessary field guides, and will certainly point out any trees, shrubs and flowers that may be of interest or in bloom on your safari. • Space is provided to enable you to record additional species not yet listed. All new records will be gratefully received (supporting image a bonus); please email [email protected] with “New Species Record” in the subject line.

RECOMMENDED FIELD GUIDES Smithers’ Mammals of : A Field Guide Peter Apps. Struik Publishers. ISBN: 9781868725502 Concise, informative guide on the mammal species found in southern Africa.

The Kingdon Pocket Guide to African Mammals Jonathan Kingdon. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780713669817 Compact and beautifully illustrated, it is ideal for use in the field, while its coverage is the most comprehensive for any book of its size.

Sasol Birds of Southern Africa – 4th Edition Ian Sinclair; Phil Hockey; Warwick Tarboton. Struik Publishers. ISBN: 9781770079250 The all-in-one guide to the birds of southern Africa.

Birds of Africa south of the Sahara Ian Sinclair and Peter Ryan. Chamberlain. ISBN: 9781770076235 Fully revised, in its 2nd edition, Birds of Africa south of the Sahara provides unrivalled coverage of African birds in a single volume. An ideal complementary resource to the above field guide on any Zambia or Malawi visit.

A Complete Guide to the Frogs of Southern Africa Vincent Carruthers and Louis Du Preez. Struik Publishers. ISBN: 9781770074460 This guide offers the most authoritative and comprehensive treatment of frogs of the region.

Amphibians of Central and Southern Africa Alan Channing. Protea. ISBN: 1919825630 An excellent resource that covers all the amphibians occurring in central and southern Africa.

A Guide to the Reptiles of Southern Africa Johan Marais and Graham Alexander. Struik Publishers. ISBN: 9781770073869 This well-illustrated guide introduces the 517 species currently described in the region.

Snakes of Zambia Donald G. Broadley, Craig T. Doria and Jürgen Wigge. ISBN: 3930612429 An atlas and field guide to the snakes of Zambia.

2 BIODIVERSITY OVERVIEW

Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi are the strongholds of the Central Zambezian Miombo Woodland ecoregion – unique to south-. The Southern Rift Montane Forest-Grassland ecoregion of northern Malawi is equally special with many localised species.

Zimbabwe lies between the great Zambezi River, its northern frontier, and the languid Limpopo River in the south. In between, the country has a variety of , with much wildlife to attract safari-goers. The lengthy Zambezi hosts the mighty Victoria Falls along its course as well as the wild Mana Pools National Park downriver. In Hwange National Park, the easternmost tongues of the Kalahari mix with teak , so that desert-adapted animals share the same with woodland species. Zimbabwe is blessed with rich diversity: the country supports 672 bird, 196 mammal, 156 and 72 species.

Zambia is home to vast wilderness areas and abundant diversity hosted in some of the wildest and most remote game areas on the continent. The Kafue National Park in central Zambia offers a heady mix of miombo and game-filled floodplains. Endemic subspecies of giraffe and wildebeest are found in the LuangwaV alley, where an impressive watercourse famously supports high densities of game. Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park, a short distance from the Victoria Falls, comprises mopane and teak woodlands with luxuriant riverine forest along the banks of the Zambezi River. Zambia’s biodiversity count includes 740 bird, over 200 mammal, 143 reptile and 57 amphibian species.

Malawi, a small country dominated by an immense Rift Valley lake, harbours some of the most unique biomes in Africa. In the far north, the remote untouched highlands of Nyika National Park are characterised by sweeping montane vistas over rolling , dotted with large herds of iconic wildlife species. , the third largest water body in Africa, has incredible speciation in species. The tropical lowlands of Liwonde National Park in the south of the country offer a very different experience, with prehistoric-looking candelabra trees, numerous baobabs and extensive floodplains of the ShireR iver. Malawi has high biodiversity: 648 bird, 188 mammal, 124 reptile, 69 amphibian and 600 fish species.

AFRICAN BROADBILL

3 MALAWI Liwonde National Park Liwonde National Park, covering 548km2, is considered the most prolific wildlife area in Malawi. The Shire River Chelinda lodge – the country’s largest river and Lake Malawi’s only outlet – harbours a high population of hippo, crocodiles and large numbers of elephant. Extensive floodplains surrounding the Chelinda camp Shire sport dense riverine vegetation fringed by numerous borassus palms and baobabs. In the east, relatively dry mopane woodlands are interspersed with candelabra trees. Nearly 300 bird species occur here, with specials such as Böhm’s bee-eater, Livingstone’s flycatcher, Pel’s fishing-, Dickinson’s kestrel and brown-breasted barbet. chintheche Inn CAMPS: MVUU LODGE, MVUU CAMP

Lake Malawi – Central Lake Shore At approximately 600km long and up to 80km wide, Lake Malawi constitutes roughly 20% of Malawi’s surface area. LAKE MALAWI It dominates the eastern side of the country and harbours a wide range of underwater habitats. There are also a number of granitic islands dotted across the Lake, while on its shores, MUMBO ISLAND CAMP fertile soils, lush woodland and baobabs occur amongst LILONGWE numerous fishing villages. Along the lakeshore, numerous Mvuu lodge bird species are found, particularly waterbirds. Nearby remnant patches of lowland forest harbour further exciting Mvuu camp bird species including grey-olive greenbul, African broadbill, green malkoha and Narina trogon. CAMPS: MUMBO ISLAND CAMP, CHINTHECHE INN

Nyika National Park The 3 134km2 Nyika National Park, Malawi’s largest, is a wild, untouched and remote upland area, with the distinction of being the only big game Afro-montane area in south-central Africa. The vistas in this Park are immense, with high-altitude grassland the most obvious feature of the Nyika Plateau. Isolated hills and ridges and evergreen forest pockets bursting with endemism add further character to the rolling hills, whilst extensive swathes of broad-leafed miombo woodland dominate the lower slopes. Nyika is a botanist’s delight in summer, with alpine flowers adding another dimension to any stay. Nyika also harbours important populations of a number of antelope and predators. Approximately 400 bird species occur in Nyika, many with highly restricted distributions, making it a key birding destination in Africa. CAMPS: CHELINDA LODGE, CHELINDA CAMP

4 ZAMBIA

BUSanga bush camp shumba CAMP Musanza Tented CAMP

Lusaka

the river club Toka leya camp

VICTORIA FALLS Kafue National Park At 22 500km2, Kafue National Park is one of the largest in Africa. The million-hectare northern sector is remote, wild and diverse with vast tracts of pristine wilderness. In the north-west lie the Busanga Swamps, a papyrus- dominated that gives way to the vast floodplain of the Busanga Plains, a seasonally-inundated grassland dotted with isolated tree-islands. The Lunga, Lufupa and Kafue rivers are lined with riverine forest and the landscape is further patterned with broad-leaf miombo woodland, open plains, floodplains and island thickets. The Busanga Plains offer concentrations of common species, as well as comparative rarities not easily viewed in southern Africa, such as roan, oribi and Lichtenstein’s hartebeest. Birdlife is abundant and includes many ‘specials’ such as Ross’s turaco and black-backed barbet. CAMPS: BUSANGA BUSH CAMP, SHUMBA CAMP, MUSANZA TENTED CAMP

South Luangwa National Park The 9 050km2 South Luangwa National Park is found in the low-lying productive Luangwa Valley with the Luamfwa Concession in its remote and undeveloped southern sector. The Park is sustained by the Luangwa River, an impressive watercourse that supports high densities of game. Over time, the river’s course has carved a multitude of channels that, in winter, form lagoons and oxbow lakes that serve as magnets for game. The Luangwa is flanked by mopane woodland, scrub, savannah and low hills. Over 60 large mammal species are found, including unique subspecies of wildebeest and giraffe that occur only here. More than 400 bird species have been recorded and local specials include Lilian’s lovebird and racket-tailed roller.

Victoria Falls (Livingstone) One of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World, Victoria Falls is known locally as Mosi-oa-Tunya – “the Smoke that Thunders” – a name that accurately depicts the plume of spray, visible for some distance, caused by the cascading waters of the Zambezi River. This is an area of spectacular scenic beauty: from the Falls themselves to the broad, picturesque course of the Zambezi River upstream. Wildlife also abounds in the area, particularly during the dry season, and can be viewed while boating on the river or on game drives in the Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park upstream of the Falls. There is rich birdlife here too, including many sought-after species, such as . CAMPS: TOKA LEYA CAMP, THE RIVER CLUB

5 ZIMBABWE Hwange National Park Hwange National Park, on Zimbabwe’s western border with , is the country’s largest game reserve. Situated on the easternmost edge of the , its 1.4 million hectares of sandy soils harbour extensive stands of broad-leafed woodland that during the summer months, despite the low rainfall, are a profusion of green. Along with saltpans, scrub and grasslands, the Park supports an abundance of wildlife. The Park has one of the densest concentrations of wildlife in Africa, in particular its herds of elephant and buffalo. There are shallow pans spread throughout the Park, around which wildlife congregates, making for excellent game viewing. The private Makalolo and Linkwasha concessions in the south-eastern corner are ecologically diverse, including vast open palm-fringed plains, grasslands, acacia woodlands and teak forests. Of avian interest are species like Dickinson’s kestrel, Bradfield’s hornbill and Arnot’s chat. CAMPS: DAVISON’S CAMP, LITTLE MAKALOLO CAMP

Mana Pools National Park Mana Pools National Park lies at the heart of the Zambezi Valley, where the Zambezi River meanders to the Mozambican border. It is a remote, beautiful place with spectacular views of the broad Zambezi River, floodplains, riverine woodland and the mountains of the Rift Valley escarpment. This stretch of the river is named for its four main pools (‘mana’ means ‘four’ in Shona) – Main, Chine, Long and Chisambuk – remnants of channels of the river that stopped flowing years ago. These and smaller seasonal pools further inland hold water year round, drawing all manner of wildlife and waterfowl during the dry season. The ana trees that characterise the floodplain shed their protein-rich pods during this time, providing vital sustenance for many species, particularly elephant. Wildlife viewing is excellent and birdlife is superb, particularly woodland and riverine species, with numerous local specials such as black-throated wattle-eye, red-necked and eastern . CAMPS: RUCKOMECHI CAMP

Ruckomechi CAMP

VICTORIA FALLS

Harare

Davison’s CAMP

Little MakALolo CAMP

6 CHECKLIST KEY ZIM - Zimbabwe • MP - Mana Pools • HW- Hwange ZAM - Zambia • MOT - Mosi-Oa-Tunya • KF - Kafue • SL - South Luangwa MAL - Malawi • LW - Liwonde • NY - Nyika • LM - Lake Malawi * Southern African endemic or near-endemic species

QUICK BIRD FAMILY INDEX

Apalis...... 28 Go-away-Bird...... 19 Quelea...... 30 Akalat...... 29 Guineafowl...... 16 ...... 20 Alethe...... 28 Gulls...... 22 Raptors/Buzzards/Goshawks...... 22 Avocet...... 21 Hamerkop...... 24 Robins/Robin-Chat...... 29 Babblers...... 27 Harriers...... 22 Rock-Thrushes...... 29 Barbets...... 17 Hawks...... 22 Rollers...... 17 Batises...... 25 Helmet-Shrikes...... 25 Sandgrouse...... 20 Bee-eaters...... 18 ...... 23 Sandpiper...... 20 Bishops...... 30 ...... 23 Scrub-robins...... 29 ...... 23 /Honeybirds...... 16 ...... 23 Blackcap...... 27 Hoopoes...... 17 ...... 31 Boubous...... 25 Hornbills...... 17 Shorebirds...... 20 Bulbuls/Greenbuls/Brownbuls...... 26 Hyliota...... 27 Shrikes/Bush-Shrikes/Brubru/Puffback. 24,25 Buntings...... 32 Indigobirds...... 31 Skimmer...... 22 Bustards...... 20 Ibises...... 24 Snipe...... 20 Buttonquail...... 16 Jacanas...... 21 Sparrows...... 31 Broadbill...... 24 Kestrels...... 23 Sparrowlarks...... 28 Canaries/Citrils/Seed-eaters...... 32 Kingfishers...... 17 Spoonbills...... 24 Camaroptera...... 28 Kites...... 22 Starlings...... 29 Chats...... 28 Korhaans...... 20 Stilt...... 21 /Neddicky...... 27 ...... 28 Storks/Openbill...... 24 Cormorants...... 23 Lovebirds...... 18 ...... 29 ...... 18 Mannikin...... 31 ...... 25 ...... 20 Martins...... 25 Swamphen/Gallinules...... 20 Coursers...... 21 Moorhen...... 20 Swifts/Spinetails...... 18 Crakes...... 20 Mousebirds...... 18 Tchagras...... 25 Cranes...... 20 Nicator...... 26 Terns...... 22 Creepers...... 27 ...... 19 Thick-knees...... 21 ...... 26 Nightingale...... 29 Thrushes/Palm-...... 28, 29 Crows/Ravens...... 25 Orioles...... 24 -babblers...... 27 ...... 18 Ostrich...... 16 Tits...... 25 ...... 25 Osprey...... 22 Trogons...... 17 Darter...... 23 ...... 19 Turacos...... 19 Doves...... 19 Oxpeckers...... 29 Twinspots...... 31 Drongo...... 24 Parrots...... 18 Vultures...... 22 Ducks/Geese...... 16 Parisoma...... 27 Waders...... 20 Eagles...... 22 Pelicans...... 24 Wagtails...... 31 Egrets...... 23 Penduline-tits...... 25 Warblers...... 26, 27, 28 Eremomelas...... 28 Petronia...... 31 Wattle-eye...... 25 ...... 23 Pigeons...... 19 Waxbills/Crimsonwings...... 30 Finches...... 30 /Longclaw...... 31 Weavers...... 30 Firefinches...... 31 ...... 24 Wheatears...... 29 Finfoot...... 20 Plovers/Lapwings...... 21 White-eyes...... 27 Flamingos...... 24 Pratincoles...... 21 Widowbird...... 30 ...... 20 Prinias...... 28 Whitethroat...... 27 Flycatchers...... 26,27,28 Pytilia...... 31 Whydahs...... 31 Francolins/Spurfowls...... 16 Quails...... 16 Wood-Hoopoes...... 17 ...... 23 ...... 30 Woodpeckers...... 16

7 BUSHPIG CAPE BUFFALO

HIPPOPOTAMUS

DEFASSA WATERBUCK SIDE-STRIPED JACKAL

LION

8 MAMMALS

Some 196 mammal species are found in Zimbabwe. The Kalahari ecoregion of Hwange National Park has over 100 mammal species alone with good populations of African elephant, majestic sable antelope and southern giraffe, while greater kudu, impala, common waterbuck, Burchell’s zebra, chacma baboon, lion, leopard, and spotted hyaena all occur. Also present are striking herds of Cape buffalo and a small white rhinoceros population. The Zambezi River, fringing Mana Pools National Park, is a vital resource for large numbers of elephant, hippo and other herbivores such as buffalo, impala, waterbuck, eland, kudu and nyala. Predators here also include lion, leopard and wild dog (categorised as Endangered by the IUCN).

Zambia, with its vast tracts of wilderness, is the perfect haven for over 200 mammal species. The country provides important refuge for vulnerable species such as cheetah, lion, wild dog right down to large-eared free-tailed and checkered elephant-. Endemic subspecies of giraffe (Thornicroft’s) and wildebeest (Cookson’s) are found in the Luangwa Valley, along with good populations of lion; Luangwa is renowned for one of the highest leopard densities in Africa. Kafue’s Busanga Plains is a magnet for game species such as buffalo, red lechwe, puku, and roan antelope whereas fringing miombo woodland is good for key species such as Lichtenstein’s hartebeest, defassa waterbuck, oribi and yellow baboon. Tree hyrax is another unique mammal to look out for in Kafue. The dominant predator on the Plains is lion as well as occasional cheetah. Wooded areas in Kafue also host leopard and wild dog.The Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park near Victoria Falls offers excellent sightings of buffalo, giraffe, zebra, wildebeest, impala and even white rhino. Elephant can also often be seen swimming across the Zambezi River here.

Malawi, despite being a small country, hosts around 188 mammal species – today largely confined to the protected areas where we operate. The heady heights of Nyika National Park have important populations of reedbuck, roan antelope, Crawshay’s zebra and eland. These species are often seen in large herds on the picturesque hills. Lion (very infrequent), elephant and buffalo tend to inhabit the lower elevations; its top predator species include leopard (quite unique owing to the elevation of the Park), serval, side-striped jackal and spotted hyaena. Added to this are two endemic mammal species: Nyika burrowing shrew and Nyika climbing mouse.

The warm lowlands of Liwonde National Park are the perfect complement to Nyika and have good populations of hippo, elephant, buffalo, yellow baboon and Lichtenstein’s hartebeest. Sable occur at one of the highest densities in Africa, while one of only two breeding groups of black rhino in Malawi reside in the Park. Vervet monkey and mutable sun squirrel are possibilities at Chintheche along Lake Malawi’s central shores. Samango monkey can sometimes be seen in the vicinity.

AARDVARK LICHTENSTEIN’S HARTEBEEST

9 MAMMALS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Erinaceomorpha Southern African frontalis v v Soricomorpha Giant Musk Shrew occidentalis v v Crocidura mariquensis v v v v v Tiny (Bi-colored) Musk Shrew Crocidura fuscomurina v v v v v v v v Hildegarde’s Shrew Crocidura hildegardeae v v Reddish-grey Musk Shrew Crocidura cyanea v v v v v Greater Grey-brown Musk Shrew Crocidura luna v v v v Osgoode’s Musk Shrew Crocidura zaodon v v African Black Shrew Crocidura nigrofusca v v v v v African Giant (Olivier’s) Shrew Crocidura olivieri v v v v v v Small-footed Shrew Crocidura parvipes v v Turbo Shrew Crocidura turba v v v v Lesser Red Musk Shrew Crocidura hirta v v v v v v v v v Lesser Dwarf Shrew varilla v v v v Greater Dwarf Shrew Suncus lixus v v v v v v v v Climbing Shrew megalura v v v v * Nyika Burrowing Shrew gnoskei v v Elephant Shrews Macroscelidea Four-toed Elephant-shrew Petrodromus tetradactylus v v v v v v Dusky fuscus v v Short-snouted Elephant-shrew Elephantulus brachyrhynchus v v v v v v v v v v v Checkered Elephant Shrew cirnei v v Eastern Rock Elephant-shrew Elephantulus myurus v v v Chiroptera Straw-coloured Fruit Bat Eidolon helvum v v v v v v v v v v Egyptian Rousette / Fruit Bat Rousettus aegyptiacus v v v v v v v Ethiopian Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus libiatus v v v v Wahlberg’s Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus wahlbergi v v v v v v v v Peters’s Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus crypturus v v v v v v v v Dobson’s Fruit Bat Epomops dobsonii v v v v v v Mauritian Tomb Bat Taphozous mauritianus v v v v v v v v v v v Sundevall’s Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros caffer v v v v v v v v v v Persian Trident Bat Triaenops persicus v v Large Slit-faced Bat Nycteris grandis v v v v v v Wood’s Slitfaced Bat Nycteris woodi v v v v Large-Eared Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris macrotis v v Egyptian Slit-faced Bat Nycteris thebaica v v v v v v v Hildebrandt’s Rhinolophus hildebrandti v v v v v v v v v Bushveld Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus simulator v v v v v v v Ruppell’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus fumigatus v v v v v v v v v v Geoffroy’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus clivosus v v v v v v v v Darling’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus darlingi v v v v v Lander’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus landeri v v v v v v v v v Peak-saddle (Blasius’s) Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus blasii v v Bushveld Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus simulator v v v v v v v

10 MAMMALS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Swinny’s Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus swinnyi v v v v v v v Lesser Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus fraterculus v v Schreiber’s Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus schreibersii v v v v Rendall’s Serotine Bat rendalli v v v v Long-tailed House Bat Eptesicus hottentotus v v v v v v Melck’s Serotine Bat Eptesicus melckorum v v v v v v Somali Serotine Bat Eptesicus somalicus v v v v Welwitsch’s Bat Myotis welwitschii v v v v v v Cape Hairy Bat Myotis tricolor v v v v v v Rufous Mouse-eared Bat Myotis bocagii v v v v v v Rusty Pipistrelle rusticus v v v v v v Kuhl’s Pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii v v Bat capensis v v v v v v v Banana Bat Pipistrellus nanus v v v Ruppell’s Bat Pipistrellus rueppellii v v Zulu Serotine Neoromicia zuluensis v v Anchieta’s Pippistrelle anchietai v v Butterfly Bat variegatus v v White-throated Lesser House Bat albugula v v Schleiffen’s Bat schleiffenii v v v dinganii v v v Greenish Yellow Bat Scotophilus viridis v v Damara Woolly Bat argentata v v Lesser Woolly Bat Kerivoula lanosa v v v v v v Roberts’s Flat-headed Bat Sauromys petrophilus v v Ansorge’s Free-tailed Bat Tadarida ansorgei v v Madagascan Large Free-tailed Bat Tadarida fulminans v v Spotted Free-tailed Bat Tadarida bivittata v v Little Free-tailed Bat Tadarida pumila v v Primates Primates Chacma Baboon Papio ursinus v v v v v Yellow Baboon Papio cynocephalus v v v v v v Vervet Monkey Cercopithecus aethiops v v v v v v v v v v Blue Monkey Cercopithecus mitis v v v Thick-tailed Bushbaby (Greater Galago) Otolemur crassicaudatus v v v v v v Lesser Bushbaby Galago moholi v v v v v v v v Grant’s Bushbaby Galagoides grantii v v Pangolins Pholidota Pangolin Smutsia temminckii v v v v v v v v v Lagomorpha Scrub Lepus saxatilis v v v v v v v v v Smith’s Red Rock Rabbit Pronolagus rupestris v v , Squirrels And Gerbils Rodentia Sun Squirrel Heliosciurus mutabilis v v v v v v Tree (Smith’s Bush) Squirrel Paraxerus cepapi v v v v v v v v v v Black and Red Bush Squirrel Paraxerus lucifer v v * Long-tailed Pouched major v v

11 MAMMALS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Woodland Dormouse Graphiurus murinus v v v v v v v v v Lesser Dormouse Graphiurus parvus v v Springhare Pedetes capensis v v v Common Molerat Cryptomys hottentotus v v v v v Silvery Molerat Heliophobius argenteocinereus v v Mechow’s Molerat Fukomys mechowii v v Porcupine Hystrix africaeaustralis v v v v v v v v v Greater Cane Rat Thryonomys swinderianus v v v v v Lesser Cane Rat Thryonomys gregorianus v v v v v v v South African Pouched Mouse campestris v v v v Gambian Cricetomys gambianus v v v v Fat Mouse pratensis v v Kreb’s Fat Mouse Steatomys krebsii v v * Nyika Climbing Mouse nyikae v v Grey Climbing Mouse Dendromus melanotis v v v v Brant’s Climbing Mouse Dendromus mesomelas v v Gerbil Mouse Malacothrix typica v v Hairy-footed Gerbil Gerbillurus paeba v v Bushveld Gerbil Tatera leucogaster v v v v Highveld Gerbil Tatera brantsii v v Boehm’s Gerbil boehmi v v Spiny Mouse Acomys spinosissimus v v Namaqua Rock Mouse Aethomys namaquensis v v Red Veld Rat Aethomys chrysophilus v v v v Nyika Veld Rat Aethomys nyikae v v Water (African Marsh) Rat Dasymus incomtus v v Four-Striped (Grass) Mouse Rhabdomys pumilio v v Single-striped (Grass) Mouse Lemniscomys rosalia v v v v v Yellow-spotted Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys flavopunctatus v v Grey-bellied Pygmy Mouse triton v v Desert Pygmy Mouse Mus indutus v v African Pygmy Mouse Mus minutoides v v v v v v Tree Mouse Thallomys paedulcus v v Woodland Mouse Grammomys dolichurus v v Woodland Mouse Grammomys cometes v v Hildegarde’s Broad-Headed Mouse Zelotomys hildegardeae v v Groove-toothed Rat Pelomys fallax v v Soft-furred Mouse Praomys delectorum v v Natal Multimammate Mouse natalensis v v v v House Rat Rattus rattus v v Rattus norvegicus v v Dent’s Vlei Rat denti v v Typical Vlei Rat Otomys typus v v Southern African (Peter’s) Spiny Mouse Acomys spinosissimus v v Carnivores Carnivora Bat-eared Fox Otocyon megalotis v v Black-backed Jackal Canis mesomelas v v v

12 MAMMALS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Side-striped Jackal Canis adustus v v v v v v v v v African Wild Dog Lycaon pictus v v v v v v Cape Clawless Otter Aonyx capensis v v v v v v Spotted-necked Otter Lutra maculicollis v v v Honey Badger Mellivora capensis v v v v v v v v v Striped Weasel Poecilogale albinucha v v v v v v v v v v Striped Polecat Ictonyx striatus v v v v v v v Banded Mongoose Mungos mungo v v v v v v v v v Meller’s Mongoose Rhynchogale melleri v v v v Bushy-tailed Mongoose Bdeogale crassicauda v v v v v v Selous’s Mongoose Paracynictis selousi v v Large Grey (Egyptian) Mongoose Herpestes ichneumon v v v v v v v v Slender Mongoose Herpestes sanguinea v v v v v v v v v v v Water Mongoose Atilax paludinosus v v v v v v v Dwarf Mongoose Helogale parvula v v v v v v v v v White-tailed Mongoose Ichneumia albicauda v v v v v v v v v Yellow Mongoose Cynictis penicillata v v Small-spotted (Common) Genet Genetta genetta v v v v Large-spotted Genet Genetta tigrina v v v v v v v v v Civettictis civetta v v v v v v v v v Tree (African Palm) Civet Nandinia binotata v v Spotted Hyaena Crocuta crocuta v v v v v v v v v v Brown Hyaena Hyaena brunnea v v Aardwolf Proteles cristatus v v African Wild Cat Felis lybica v v v v v Serval Felis serval v v v v v v v v v Caracal Felis caracal v v v v v v v Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus v v v v v Lion Panthera leo v v v v v v v v Leopard Panthera pardus v v v v v v v v v Aardvark Tubulidentata Aardvark Orycteropus afer v v v v v v v v v Elephants Proboscidea Elephant Loxodonta africana v v v v v v v v v v Hyraxes Hyracoidea Rock Hyrax Procavia capensis v v v v Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax Heterohyrax brucei v v Tree Hyrax Dendrohyrax arboreus v v v v v Odd-Toed Ungulates Perissodactyla Burchell’s Zebra Equus burchellii v v v v v v * Crawshay’s Zebra Equus burchellii crawshayi v v v v v Black Rhino Diceros bicornis v v White Rhino Ceratotherium simum v v v v Warthog Artiodactyla: Suiformes Warthog Phacochoerus aethiopicus v v v v v v v v v v Bushpig Potamochoerus porcus v v v v v v v v v

13 MAMMALS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Hippopotamus Artiodactyla: Whippomorpha Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius v v v v v v v v v Giraffe, Buffalo, Antelope Artiodactyla: Ruminantia Southern Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis v v v v * Thornicroft’s Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis thornicrofti v v Cape (African) Buffalo Syncerus caffer caffer v v v v v v v v v v Eland Taurotragus oryx v v v v v v v v v Greater Kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros v v v v v v v v v Nyala Tragelaphus angasii v v Sitatunga Tragelaphus spekei v v Bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus v v v v v v v v v v Roan Hippotragus equinus v v v v v v v v Sable Hippotragus v v v v v v v v Gemsbok Oryx gazella v v Common Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus v v v v v v v v * Defassa Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa v v Red Lechwe Kobus leche v v Puku Kobus vardonii v v v Southern (Common) Reedbuck Redunca arundinum v v v v v v v v Blue Wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus v v v v v * Cookson’s Wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus cooksoni v v Red Hartebeest Alcelaphus buselaphus v v Lichtenstein’s Hartebeest Sigmoceros lichtensteinii v v v v v v Impala Aepyceros melampus v v v v v v v v v Suni Neotragus moschatus v v Klipspringer Oreotragus oreotragus v v v v Steenbok Raphicerus campestris v v v v Oribi Ourebia ourebi v v v v v Sharpe’s Grysbok Raphicerus sharpei v v v v v v v v v Red Duiker Cephalophus natalensis v v Yellow-backed Duiker Cephalophus silvicultor v v Blue Duiker Philantomba monticola v v v v Common (Grey) Duiker Sylvicapra grimmia v v v v v v v v v v

white-tailed mongoose

14 BIRDS

Over 650 species of birds occur in Zimbabwe, of which many – while not true endemics – are difficult to find elsewhere. About 420 species have been recorded in the Hwange region, with several being special to the western part of the country and this ecoregion: red-billed spurfowl, red-eyed bulbul, crimson-breasted shrike and black- winged pranticole. Bradfield’s hornbill, racket-tailed roller and Arnot’s chat are found in the teak woodlands while grey crowned cranes share the area with ostrich and kori bustard. Mana Pools National Park has a diverse bird population that includes about 400 species. Rufous-bellied , African skimmer and other waterbirds patrol the Zambezi River. Southern carmine bee-eater, Lilian’s lovebird, Meyer’s parrot, crested guineafowl, collared palm-thrush, western banded -eagle and white-breasted are just some of the specials in the fringing riverine woodland and mopane areas.

Of Zambia’s 740 species, there is one true endemic, Chaplin’s barbet, and a smattering of other exciting species restricted to central Africa. Species such as rosy-throated longclaw, red-throated twinspot, wattled crane, rufous- bellied tit and sooty chat are commonly seen amongst Kafue’s 500 recorded bird species. Local specials in South Luangwa are many and include Lilian’s lovebird, African , African skimmer, and broad-tailed paradise whydah. The Zambezi River along Mosi-oa-Tunya National Park is good for African finfoot, half-collared kingfisher, Schalow’s turaco and rock pratincole.

With around 650 bird species, Malawi has much to offer the visiting birder. Near-endemic bird species on the Nyika Plateau include montane widowbird, black-lored , Chapin’s apalis, olive-flanked robin-chat and Fülleborn’s boubou. Africa’s largest breeding population of blue occurs here together with Denham’s bustard and pallid harrier. The lush lowlands of Liwonde National Park are the only locale in Malawi where bird species such as speckle-throated woodpecker and brown-breasted barbet occur.

*Please refer to pg 7 for the handy alphabetical bird family quick index.

DARK CHANTING GOSHAWK Arnot’s CHAT

Montane widowbird BLACK HERON

15 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM OSTRICHES STRUTHIONIDAE Common Ostrich Struthio camelus v v Fowl and Allies Phasianidae Coqui Francolin Peliperdix coqui v v v v v v v v Crested Francolin Dendroperdix sephaena v v v v v v v v Shelley’s Francolin Scleroptila shelleyi v v v v v v v v * Red-winged Francolin Scleroptila levaillanti v v * Red-billed Spurfowl Pternistis adspersus v v Natal Spurfowl Pternistes natalensis v v v v v v v * Hildebrant’s Spurfowl Pternistes hildebrandti v v Red-necked Spurfowl Pternistes afer v v v v v v Swainson’s Spurfowl Pternistes swainsonii v v v v v v v Common Quail Coturnix coturnix v v v Harlequin Quail Coturnix delegorguei v v v v v v v v v Blue Quail Coturnix adansonii v v v v v v Guineafowl Numididae Crested Guineafowl Guttera edouardi v v v v v v Helmeted Guineafowl Numida meleagris v v v v v v v v v v v Ducks and Geese Anatidae Fulvous Duck Dendrocygna bicolor v v v v v v v v v v White-faced Duck Dendrocygna viduata v v v v v v v v v v White-backed Duck Thalassornis leuconotus v v v v v v Maccoa Duck Oxyura maccoa v v v v v Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiaca v v v v v v v v v v Spur-winged Goose Plectropterus gambensis v v v v v v v v v Knob-billed Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos v v v v v v v v v v African Pygmy-Goose Nettapus auritus v v v v v v v v Cape Teal Anas capensis v v v v African Black Duck Anas sparsa v v v v v v v v v Yellow-billed Duck Anas undulata v v v v v v v Cape Shoveller Anas smithii v v v v Red-billed Teal Anas erythrorhyncha v v v v v v v v v Garganey Anas querquedula v v Hottentot Teal Anas hottentota v v v v v v v v Southern Pochard Netta erythrophthalma v v v v v v v v Buttonquail Turnicidae Kurrichane Buttonquail Turnix sylvaticus v v v v v v v v v Black-rumped Buttonquail Turnix nanus v v Honeyguides and Honeybirds Indicatoridae Scaly-throated Indicator variegatus v v v v v v v v Greater Honeyguide Indicator indicator v v v v v v v v v v Lesser Honeyguide Indicator minor v v v v v v v v v Pallid Honeyguide Indicator meliphilus v v v v Green-backed Honeybird Prodotiscus zambesiae v v v v v Brown-backed Honeybird Prodotiscus regulus v v v v v v v v v Woodpeckers Picidae Bennett’s Woodpecker Campethera bennettii v v v v v v v v v

16 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM * Speckle-throated Woodpecker Campethera scriptoricauda v v Golden-tailed Woodpecker Campethera abingoni v v v v v v v v v v v Green-backed Woodpecker Campethera cailliautii v v v v v Cardinal Woodpecker Dendropicos fuscescens v v v v v v v v v v v Bearded Woodpecker Dendropicos namaquus v v v v v v v v v v Olive Woodpecker Dendropicos griseocephalus v v v v v African Barbets Lybiidae * Whyte’s Barbet Stactolaema whytii v v v v * Moustached Tinkerbird Pogoniulus leucomystax v v Yellow-rumped Tinkerbird Pogoniulus bilineatus v v v v Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird Pogoniulus chrysoconus v v v v v v v v v v v leucomelas v v * Miombo Pied Barbet Tricholaema frontata v v v v Black-collared Barbet Lybius torquatus v v v v v v v v v v v Black-backed Barbet Lybius minor v v v v v * Brown-breasted Barbet Lybius melanopterus v v * Chaplin’s Barbet Lybius chaplini v v Crested Barbet Trachyphonus vaillantii v v v v v v v v v v Hornbills Bucerotidae Red-billed Hornbill Tockus erythrorhynchus v v v v v v v v v Southern Yellow-billed Hornbill Tockus leucomelas v v v v v Crowned Hornbill Tockus alboterminatus v v v v v v v v v v v * Bradfield’s Hornbill Tockus bradfieldi v v v v African Grey Hornbill Tockus nasutus v v v v v v v v v v v * Pale-billed Hornbill Tockus pallidirostris v v v v v Trumpeter Hornbill Bycanistes bucinator v v v v v v v v v v Silvery-cheeked Hornbill Bycanistes brevis v v Ground Hornbills Bucorvidae Southern Ground-Hornbill Bucorvus leadbeateri v v v v v v v v v Hoopoes Upupidae African Hoopoe Upupa africana v v v v v v v v v v v Wood-hoopoes Phoeniculidae Green Wood-Hoopoe Phoeniculus purpureus v v v v v v v v v v v Common Scimitarbill Rhinopomastus cyanomelas v v v v v v v v v v Trogons Trogonidae Narina Trogon Apaloderma narina v v v v v v v v * Bar-tailed Trogon Apaloderma vittatum v v Rollers Coraciidae European Roller Coracias garrulus v v v v v v v v v v Lilac-breasted Roller Coracias caudatus v v v v v v v v v v v Racket-tailed Roller Coracias spatulatus v v v v v v v v v Purple Roller Coracias naevius v v v v v v v Broad-billed Roller Eurystomus glaucurus v v v v v v v v v v Kingfishers Alcedinidae Half-collared Kingfisher Alcedo semitorquata v v v v v v v v v Malachite Kingfisher Alcedo cristata v v v v v v v v v v African Pygmy-Kingfisher Ispidina picta v v v v v v v v v v v

17 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Grey-headed Kingfisher Halcyon leucocephala v v v v v v v v v v v Woodland Kingfisher Halcyon senegalensis v v v v v v v v v Mangrove Kingfisher Halycon senegaloides v v Brown-hooded Kingfisher Halcyon albiventris v v v v v v v v v v v Striped Kingfisher Halcyon chelicuti v v v v v v v v v v Giant Kingfisher Megaceryle maximus v v v v v v v v v v Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis v v v v v v v v v v v Bee-eaters Meropidae White-fronted Bee-eater Merops bullockoides v v v v v v v v v v Blue-breasted Bee-eater Merops variegatus v v Little Bee-eater Merops pusillus v v v v v v v v v v v Swallow-tailed Bee-eater Merops hirundineus v v v v v v v v v * Böhm’s Bee-eater Merops boehmi v v v v v Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus v v v v v v v v v v Olive Bee-eater Merops superciliosus v v v v v v v v v v European Bee-eater Merops apiaster v v v v v v v v v v v Southern Carmine Bee-eater Merops nubicoides v v v v v v v v v v Mousebirds Coliidae Speckled Mousebird Colius striatus v v v v Red-faced Mousebird Urocolius indicus v v v v v v v v v v Cuckoos and Coucals Cuculidae Jacobin Clamator jacobinus v v v v v v v v v v v Levaillant’s Cuckoo Clamator levaillantii v v v v v v v v v v v Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius v v v v v v v v v v v Thick-billed Cuckoo Pachycoccyx audeberti v v v v v Red-chested Cuckoo Cuculus solitarius v v v v v v v v v v v Black Cuckoo Cuculus clamosus v v v v v v v v v v Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus v v v v v v v v v v v African Cuckoo Cuculus gularis v v v v v v v v v v v Barred Long-tailed Cuckoo Cercococcyx montanus v v Klaas’s Cuckoo Chrysococcyx klaas v v v v v v v v v v v African Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx cupreus v v v v v v v v v Diderick Cuckoo Chrysococcyx caprius v v v v v v v v v v v Green Malkoha Ceuthmochares aereus v v Black Centropus grillii v v v v v v v v * Coppery-tailed Coucal Centropus cupreicaudus v v v Coucal Centropus senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v White-browed Coucal Centropus superciliosus v v v v v v v v v Burchell’s Coucal Centropus burchellii v v v Parrots and Lovebirds Psittacidae Grey-headed Parrot Poicephalus fuscicollis v v v v v v v v v v v Meyer’s Parrot Poicephalus meyeri v v v v v v v v v Brown-headed Parrot Poicephalus cryptoxanthus v v * Lilian’s Lovebird Agapornis lilianae v v v v v v Swifts and Spinetails Apodidae * Scarce Swift Schoutedenapus myoptilus v v Mottled Spinetail Telacanthura ussheri v v v v v v

18 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Böhm’s Spinetail Neafrapus boehmi v v v v v African Palm-Swift Cypsiurus parvus v v v v v v v v v v v Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba v v v v v v v Mottled Swift Tachymarptis aequatorialis v v v v Common Swift Apus apus v v v v v v v v v v African Black Swift Apus barbatus v v v v v v v Little Swift Apus affinis v v v v v v v v v v v Horus Swift Apus horus v v v v v v White-rumped Swift Apus caffer v v v v v v v v v v v Turacos and Go-Away-Birds Musophagidae Schalow’s Turaco Tauraco schalowi v v v v v v Ross’s Turaco Musophaga rossae v v v Purple-crested Turaco Gallirex porphyreolophus v v v v v v v v Grey Go-away-bird Corythaixoides concolor v v v v v v v v v v Barn Owls Tytonidae alba v v v v v v v v v v v African Grass-Owl Tyto capensis v v v v v Owls Strigidae African Scops-Owl Otus senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v Southern White-faced Scops-Owl Ptilopsis granti v v v v v v v v Spotted Eagle-Owl Bubo africanus v v v v v v v v v v v Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl Bubo lacteus v v v v v v v v v v Pel’s Fishing-Owl Scotopelia peli v v v v v v v v African Wood-Owl Strix woodfordii v v v v v v v v v Pearl-spotted Owlet Glaucidium perlatum v v v v v v v v v African Barred Owlet Glaucidium capense v v v v v v v v v v Marsh Owl Asio capensis v v v v v v v v v Nightjars Caprimulgidae Fiery-necked pectoralis v v v v v v v v v v v * Ruwenzori Nightjar Caprimulgus ruwenzori v v Freckled Nightjar Caprimulgus tristigma v v v v v v v Swamp Nightjar Caprimulgus natalensis v v Square-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus fossii v v v v v v v v v v Rufous-cheeked Nightjar Caprimulgus rufigena v v v v v European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus v v v v v v v v Pennant-winged Nightjar Macrodipteryx vexillarius v v v v v v v v v v v Pigeons and Doves Rock Dove Columba livia v v v v Speckled (Rock) Pigeon Columba guinea v v African Olive-Pigeon Columba arquatrix v v Lemon Dove Aplopelia larvata v v Laughing Dove senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v v African Mourning Dove Streptopelia decipiens v v v v v v v Cape Turtle-Dove Streptopelia capicola v v v v v v v v v v v Dusky Turtle Dove Steptopelia lugens v v Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquata v v v v v v v v v v v Emerald-spotted Wood-Dove Turtur chalcospilos v v v v v v v v v v v

19 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Blue-spotted Wood-Dove Turtur afer v v v v v Tambourine Dove Turtur tympanistria v v v v Namaqua Dove Oena capensis v v v v v v v v v African Green-Pigeon Treron calvus v v v v v v v v v v Bustards and Korhaans Otididae Denham’s Bustard Neotis denhami v v v v v v Kori Bustard Ardeotis kori v v v v Red-crested Korhaan Lophotis ruficrista v v v v White-bellied Bustard Eupodotis senegalensis v v Black-bellied Bustard Lissotis melanogaster v v v v v v v v v v Cranes Gruidae Grey Crowned Crane Balearica regulorum v v v v v v v v Wattled Crane Bugeranus carunculatus v v v v v v v Finfoots Heliornithidae African Finfoot Podica senegalensis v v v v v v Flufftails Sarothruridae Buff-spotted Sarothrura elegans v v v Red-chested Flufftail Sarothrura rufa v v v v v v v Streaky-breasted Flufftail Sarothrura boehmi v v v v * Striped Flufftail Sarothrura affinis v v Rails, Crakes and Rallidae African Rail Rallus caerulescens v v v v v v v v African Crake Crecopsis egregia v v v v v v v v v Corn Crake Crex crex v v v v v v v v v v Black Crake Amaurornis flavirostris v v v v v v v v v Baillon’s Crake Porzana pusilla v v v v v v v v Spotted Crake Porzana porzana v v v v v v v v v Striped Crake Aenigmatolimnas marginalis v v v v v v v v v African Purple Swamphen Porphyrio madagascariensis v v v v v v v v v Allen’s Gallinule Porphyrio alleni v v v v v v v v Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus v v v v v v v v v Lesser Moorhen Gallinula angulata v v v v v v v v v Red-knobbed Coot Fulica cristata v v v v v v v v Sandgrouse Pteroclididae * Namaqua Sandgrouse Pterocles namaqua v v Yellow-throated Sandgrouse Pterocles gutturalis v v v v * Double-banded Sandgrouse Pterocles bicinctus v v v v v v v * Burchell’s Sandgrouse Pterocles burchelli v v Waders,Sandpipers and Snipes Scolopacidae Great Snipe Gallinago media v v v v v v v v Gallinago nigripennis v v v v v v v v v Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa v v v v Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica v v Common Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus v v v v v Eurasian Curlew Nemenius arquata v v Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus v v Common Redshank Tringa totanus v v v

20 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis v v v v v v v v v v Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia v v v v v v v v v v Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus v v v v v v v v v v Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola v v v v v v v v v v Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus v v v Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos v v v v v v v v v v Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres v v v v v Sanderling Calidris alba v v v v v v v v Little Stint Calidris minuta v v v v v v v v v v Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii v v Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos v v v Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea v v v v v v v v v v v Ruff Philomachus pugnax v v v v v v v v v v Painted-Snipes Rostratulidae Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis v v v v v v v v v Jacanas Jacanidae African Jacana Actophilornis africanus v v v v v v v v v v Lesser Jacana Microparra capensis v v v v v v v v Thick-knees Burhinidae Water Thick-knee Burhinus vermiculatus v v v v v v v v v v Spotted Thick-knee Burhinus capensis v v v v v v v v v v Stilts and Avocets Recurvirostridae Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus v v v v v v v v v v v Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta v v v v v v v v Plovers and Lapwings Charadriidae Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva v v Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola v v v v v v v Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula v v v v v v v v v Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius v v Kittlitz’s Plover Charadrius pecuarius v v v v v v v v v Three-banded Plover Charadrius tricollaris v v v v v v v v v v v Chestnut-banded Plover Charadrius pallidus v v White-fronted Plover Charadrius marginatus v v v v v Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii v v Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus v v v v v v v v Long-toed Lapwing Vanellus crassirostris v v v v v v v v Blacksmith Lapwing Vanellus armatus v v v v v v v v v Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus v v v v v v White-crowned Lapwing Vanellus albiceps v v v v v v African Wattled Lapwing Vanellus senegallus v v v v v v v v v v Senegal Lapwing Vanellus lugubris v v v v v v Crowned Lapwing Vanellus coronatus v v v v v v v v v Coursers and Pratincoles Glareolidae Double-banded Courser Rhinoptilus africanus v v Bronze-winged Courser Rhinoptilus chalcopterus v v v v v v v v v v Three-banded Courser Rhinoptilus cinctus v v v v v v v Temminck’s Courser Cursorius temminckii v v v v v v v v v v

21 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola v v v v v v v v v Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni v v v v v Rock Pratincole Glareola nuchalis v v v v v v Gulls, Terns and Skimmers Laridae African Skimmer Rynchops flavirostris v v v v v v v v Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus v v v v v v Grey-headed Gull Larus cirrocephalus v v v v v v v v v v v Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica v v v v Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida v v v v v v v v White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus v v v v v v v v v v v Ospreys Pandionidae Western Osprey Pandion haliaetus v v v v v v v v v v Kites, Hawks, Vultures and Eagles Accipitridae African Cuckoo Hawk Aviceda cuculoides v v v v v v v v v v European Honey-Buzzard Pernis apivorus v v v v v v v Bat Hawk Macheiramphus alcinus v v v v v v v v v v Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus v v v v v v v v v Milvus migrans v v v v v v v v v v v Yellow-billed Kite Milvus aegyptius v v v v v v v v v v v African Fish-Eagle Haliaeetus vocifer v v v v v v v v v v Palm-nut Vulture Gypohierax angolensis v v v v v v Hooded Vulture Necrosyrtes monachus v v v v v v v v v v White-backed Vulture Gyps africanus v v v v v v v v v v v Rüppell’s Vulture Gyps rueppellii v v Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres v v v v Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotus v v v v v v v v v v White-headed Vulture Trigonoceps occipitalis v v v v v v v v v v Black-chested Snake-Eagle Circaetus pectoralis v v v v v v v v v v v Brown Snake-Eagle Circaetus cinereus v v v v v v v v v v Western Banded Snake-Eagle Circaetus cinerascens v v v v v v v v v v Bateleur Terathopius ecaudatus v v v v v v v v v v v Eurasian Marsh-Harrier Circus aeruginosus v v v v v African Marsh-Harrier Circus ranivorus v v v v v v v v v v Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus v v v v v v v v v Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus v v v v v v v African Harrier-Hawk (Gymnogene) Polyboroides typus v v v v v v v v v v v Buzzard Kaupifalco monogrammicus v v v v v v v v v v v Dark Chanting Goshawk Melierax metabates v v v v v v v v v v Southern Pale Chanting Goshawk Melierax canorus v v Gabar Goshawk Melierax gabar v v v v v v v v v African Goshawk Accipiter tachiro v v v v v v v v v v (Little Banded Goshawk) Accipiter badius v v v v v v v v v v v Little Sparrowhawk Accipiter minullus v v v v v v v v v v Ovambo Sparrowhawk Accipiter ovampensis v v v v v v v v v Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk Accipiter rufiventris v v v Black Sparrowhawk Accipiter melanoleucus v v v v v v v v v v Steppe Buzzard Buteo vulpinus v v v v v v v v v v v

22 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Common Buzzard Buteo buteo v v Buteo augur v v v v v Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis v v v v v v v v v v Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax v v v v v v v v v v Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina v v v v v v v v v v Verreauxs’ Eagle Aquila verreauxii v v v v African Hawk-Eagle Aquila spilogaster v v v v v v v v v v Ayres’s Hawk-Eagle Aquila ayresii v v v v v v v v v Booted Eagle Aquila pennatus v v v v v v v v Wahlberg’s Eagle Aquila wahlbergi v v v v v v v v v v v Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus v v v v v v v v v v Long-crested Eagle Lophaetus occipitalis v v v v v v v v v African Crowned Eagle Stephanoaetus coronatus v v v v v v v v v Secretarybird Sagittariidae Secretarybird Sagittarius serpentarius v v v v v v v v v Kestrels and Falcons Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni v v v v v v v v v Rock Kestrel Falco rupicolus v v v v v v v v Greater Kestrel Falco rupicoloides v v v v Dickinson’s Kestrel Falco dickinsoni v v v v v v v v v v Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera v v v v v v v v v Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus v v v v v v v Amur Falcon Falco amurensis v v v v v v v v v v Sooty Falcon Falco concolor v v Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo v v v v v v v v v v v African Hobby Falco cuvierii v v v v v Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus v v v v v v v v v v Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus v v v v v v v v v v v Falco fasciinucha v v Grebes Podicipedidae Little Tachybaptus ruficollis v v v v v v v v v Darters Anhingidae African Darter Anhinga rufa v v v v v v v v v v Cormorants Phalacrocoracidae Reed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus v v v v v v v v v v v White-breasted Cormorant Phalacrocorax lucidus v v v v v v v v v Egrets, Herons and Ardeidae * Slaty Egret Egretta vinaceigula v v v v v Black Heron Egretta ardesiaca v v v v v v v v Little Egret Egretta garzetta v v v v v v v v v v v Western Reef Heron Egretta gularis v v Yellow-billed Egret Egretta intermedia v v v v v v v v v v v Great (White) Egret Egretta alba v v v v v v v v v v Grey Heron Ardea cinerea v v v v v v v v v v Black-headed Heron Ardea melanocephala v v v v v v v v v v Goliath Heron Ardea goliath v v v v v v v v Purple Heron Ardea purpurea v v v v v v v v

23 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis v v v v v v v v v v v Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides v v v v v v v v v v Malagasy -Heron Ardeola idae v v Rufous-bellied Heron Ardeola rufiventris v v v v v v v v Green-backed Heron Butorides striata v v v v v v v v v v Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax v v v v v v v v v White-backed Night-Heron Gorsachius leuconotus v v v v v v v v v minutus v v v v v v v v Dwarf Bittern Ixobrychus sturmii v v v v v v v v v Hamerkop Scopidae Hamerkop Scopus umbretta v v v v v v v v v v v Flamingos Phoenicopteridae Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber v v v v v v v v Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus minor v v v v v v Ibises and Spoonbills Threskiornithidae Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus v v v v v v v v v v Hadeda Ibis Bostrychia hagedash v v v v v v v v v v African Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus v v v v v v v v v v African Spoonbill Platalea alba v v v v v v v v v v Pelicans Pelecanidae Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus v v v v v v v v Pink-backed Pelican Pelecanus rufescens v v v v v v v v Storks Ciconiidae Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria ibis v v v v v v v v v v African Openbill Anastomus lamelligerus v v v v v v v v v v v Black Stork Ciconia nigra v v v v v v v v Abdim’s Stork Ciconia abdimii v v v v v v v v v v Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus v v v v v v v v v White Stork Ciconia ciconia v v v v v v v v v v Saddle-billed Stork Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis v v v v v v v v v Marabou Stork Leptoptilos crumeniferus v v v v v v v v v Pittas Pittidae African Pitta Pitta angolensis v v v v v v v Broadbills Eurylaimidae African Broadbill Smithornis capensis v v v v v v v v v Orioles Oriolidae Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus v v v v v v v v v v African Golden Oriole Oriolus auratus v v v v v v v v v v Black-headed Oriole Oriolus larvatus v v v v v v v v v v v Drongos Dicruridae Square-tailed Drongo Dicrurus ludwigii v v v Fork-tailed Drongo Dicrurus adsimilis v v v v v v v v v v v Monarchs Monarchidae Blue-mantled Crested-Flycatcher Trochocercus cyanomelas v v v African Paradise-Flycatcher Terpsiphone viridis v v v v v v v v v v v Bushshrikes, Boubous and Tchagras Malaconotidae Orange-breasted Bush-Shrike Telophorus sulfureopectus v v v v v v v v v v v

24 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Black-fronted Bush-Shrike Telophorus nigrifrons v v Grey-headed Bush-Shrike Malaconotus blanchoti v v v v v v v v v v v Tropical Boubou Laniarius aethiopicus v v v v v v v v v v v * Crimson-breasted Shrike Laniarius atrococcineus v v * Fülleborne’s Boubou Laniarius fuelleborni v v Brubru Nilaus afer v v v v v v v v v v Black-backed Puffback Dryoscopus cubla v v v v v v v v v v v Anchieta’s Tchagra Bocagia anchietae v v Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegalus v v v v v v v v v v Brown-crowned Tchagra Tchagra australis v v v v v v v v v v Helmetshrikes Prionopidae White-crested Helmet-Shrike Prionops plumatus v v v v v v v v v v v Retz’s Helmet-Shrike Prionops retzii v v v v v v v v v v Wattle-eyes and Batises Platysteiridae * Malawi Batis Batis dimorpha v v Chinspot Batis Batis molitor v v v v v v v v v v Black-throated Wattle-eye Platysteira peltata v v v v v v v v v Crows and Ravens Corvidae Pied Crow Corvus albus v v v v v v v v v v White-necked Raven Corvus albicollis v v v v v Shrikes Laniidae Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio v v v v v v v v v v v Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus v v Souza’s Shrike Lanius souzae v v v v v Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor v v v v v v v v v v Common Fiscal Lanius collaris v v v v v Magpie Shrike Corvinella melanoleuca v v v v v * Southern White-crowned Shrike Eurocephalus anguitimens v v Cuckooshrikes Campephagidae White-breasted Cuckooshrike Coracina pectoralis v v v v v v v v v v Purple-throated Cuckooshrike quiscalina v v Grey Cuckooshrike Coracina caesia v v Black Cuckooshrike Campephaga flava v v v v v v v v v v v Penduline Tits Remizidae Grey Penduline-Tit Anthoscopus caroli v v v v v v v v v Tits Paridae Southern Black Tit niger v v v v v v v v v White-winged BlackTit Parus leucomelas v v v v * Rufous-bellied Tit Parus rufiventris v v v v v * Miombo Tit Parus griseiventris v v v * Ashy Tit Parus cinerascens v v Swallows and Martins Hirundinidae Sand Martin Riparia riparia v v v v v v v v Brown-throated Martin Riparia paludicola v v v v v v v v v Banded Martin Riparia cincta v v v v v v v v v v Grey-rumped Swallow Pseudhirundo griseopyga v v v v v v v v v v Hirundo rustica v v v v v v v v v v v

25 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Swallow Hirundo angolensis v v White-throated Swallow Hirundo albigularis v v v v v v v v Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii v v v v v v v v v v v Blue Swallow Hirundo atrocaerulea v v Pearl-breasted Swallow Hirundo dimidiata v v v v v Greater Striped Swallow Hirundo cucullata v v v v v v v Lesser Striped Swallow Hirundo abyssinica v v v v v v v v v v v Red-breasted Swallow Hirundo semirufa v v v v v Mosque Swallow Hirundo senegalensis v v v v v v v v v Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica v v Hirundo fuligula v v v v v v v Common House-Martin Delichon urbicum v v v v v v v v v v White-headed Saw-wing Psalidoprocne albiceps v v Black Saw-wing Psalidoprocne holomelaena v v v v v v Eastern Saw-wing Psalidoprocne orientalis v v Bulbuls, Greenbuls and Brownbuls Pycnonotidae Dark-capped Bulbul Pycnonotus tricolor v v v v v v v v v v v African Red-eyed Bulbul Pycnonotus nigricans v v v v Sombre Greenbul Andropadus importunus v v v v * Shelley’s Greenbul Andropadus masukuensis v v * Southern Mountain Greenbul Andropadus fusciceps v v Little Greenbul Andropadus virens v v v v Yellow-bellied Greenbul Chlorocichla flaviventris v v v v v v v v v v Terrestrial Brownbul Phyllastrephus terrestris v v v v v v v v v * Yellow-streaked Greenbul Phyllastrephus flavostriatus v v * Sharpe’s Greenbul Phyllastrephus alfredi v v Grey-olive Greenbul Phyllastrephus cerviniventris v v v v v v Nicatoridae Eastern Nicator Nicator gularis v v v v v v v Fairy Flycatchers Stenostiridae White-tailed Crested Flycatcher Elminia albonotata v v White-tailed Blue Flycatcher Elminia abicauda v v v v v Grass Warblers and Crombecs Macrosphenidae Moustached Grass-Warbler Melocichla mentalis v v Red-capped Sylvietta ruficapilla v v v v v Red-faced Crombec Sylvietta whytii v v Long-billed Crombec Sylvietta rufescens v v v v v v v v v v Reed Warblers and Allies Acrocephalidae Broad-tailed Warbler Schoenicola brevirostris v v v v River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis v v Little Rush-Warbler baboecala v v v v v v * Cinnamon Bracken-Warbler Bradypterus cinnamomeus v v * Evergreen Forest-Warbler Bradypterus lopezi v v Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus v v v v v v v Eurasian Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus v v v v African Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus baeticatus v v v v v v Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris v v v v v v

26 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Great Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus v v v v v v v Basra Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis v v Greater Swamp-Warbler Acrocephalus rufescens v v Lesser Swamp-Warbler Acrocephalus gracilirostris v v v v v v v v v Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum v v v v Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina v v v v v v v v v Dark-capped Yellow Warbler Chloropeta natalensis v v v v v * Mountain Yellow Warbler Chloropeta similis v v Livingstone’s Flycatcher Incertae Sedis Livingstone’s Flycatcher Erythrocercus livingstonei v v v v v v Leaf Warblers and Allies Acrocephalidae Yellow-throated Woodland-Warbler Phylloscopus ruficapilla v v Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus v v v v v v v v v v v Hyliotas Hyliotidae Yellow-bellied Hyliota Hyliota flavigaster v v v v v Southern Hyliota Hyliota australis v v v v v Treecreepers Certhiidae Spotted Creeper Salpornis spilonotus v v v v v Babblers Timaliidae African Hill Babbler Pseudoalcippe abyssinica v v Hartlaub’s Babbler Turdoides hartlaubii v v Southern Pied Babbler Turdoides bicolor v v Arrow-marked Babbler Turdoides jardineii v v v v v v v v v v v Sylviid Warblers Chestnut-vented Tit-Babbler Sylvia subcaeruleum v v Brown Parisoma Sylvia lugens v v Garden Warbler Sylvia borin v v v v v v v v v European Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla v v Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis v v v v v v v White-eyes Zosteropidae African Yellow White-eye Zosterops senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v v Cisticolas and Allies Red-faced Cisticola Cisticola erythrops v v v v v v v v v v Singing Cisticola Cisticola cantans v v * Black-lored Cisticola Cisticola nigricolis v v Lazy Cisticola Cisticola aberrans v v v v Rattling Cisticola Cisticola chiniana v v v v v v v v v v * Churring Cisticola Cisticola njombe v v Tinkling Cisticola Cisticola rufilatus v v v v v Wailing Cisticola Cisticola lais v v Trilling Cisticola Cisticola woosnami v v v v v Winding Cisticola Cisticola marginatus v v v v * Luapula Cisticola Cisticola luapula v v v * Chirping Cisticola Cisticola pipiens v v Levaillant’s Cisticola Cisticola tinniens v v Croaking Cisticola Cisticola natalensis v v v v v v Neddicky Cisticola fulvicapilla v v v v v v v

27 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Short-winged Cisticola Cisticola brachypterus v v v v v Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis v v v v v v v v v v Desert Cisticola Cisticola aridulus v v v v v Pale-crowned Cisticola Cisticola cinnamomeus v v Wing-snapping Cisticola Cisticola ayresii v v Tawny-flanked Prinia Prinia subflava v v v v v v v v v v Black-chested Prinia Prinia flavicans v v Red-winged Warbler Heliolais erythropterus v v v v Bar-throated Apalis Apalis thoracica v v v v v v Yellow-breasted Apalis Apalis flavida v v v v v v v v v v * Chapin’s Apalis Apalis chapini v v Brown-headed Apalis Apalis alticola v v Green-backed Camaroptera Camaroptera brachyura v v v v v v v Grey-backed Camaroptera Camaroptera brevicaudata v v v v v v Barred Wren-Warbler Calamonastes fasciolatus v v Stierling’s Wren-Warbler Calamonastes stierlingi v v v v v Pale Wren-Warbler Calamonastes undosus v v v Yellow-bellied Eremomela Eremomela icteropygialis v v v v v v v v v v Green-capped Eremomela Eremomela scotops v v v v v v v v v v Burnt-necked Eremomela Eremomela usticollis v v v v v v v v v * Black-necked Eromomela Eromomela atricollis v v Larks Alaudidae Monotonous Mirafra passerina v v v v Rufous-naped Lark Mirafra africana v v v v v Flappet Lark Mirafra rufocinnamomea v v v v v v v v v Sabota Lark Calendulauda sabota v v Fawn-coloured Lark Calendulauda africanoides v v Dusky Lark Pinarocorys nigricans v v v v v v v Chestnut-backed Sparrowlark Eremopterix leucotis v v v v v v v v v Grey-backed Sparrowlark Eremopterix verticalis v v v v v Red-capped Lark Calandrella cinerea v v v v v v v v v Thrushes Turdidae Orange Ground-Thrush Zoothera gurneyi v v Groundscraper Thrush Psophocichla litsitsirupa v v v v v Kurrichane Thrush Turdus libonyanus v v v v v v v v v v v Mountain Thrush Turdus abyssinicus v v * White-chested Alethe Pseudalethe fuelleborni v v Old World Flycatchers, Chats and Robins Muscicapidae Pale Flycatcher Bradornis pallidus v v v v v v v v v * White-eyed Slaty Flycatcher Dioptrornis fischeri v v * Marico Flycatcher Bradornis mariquensis v v Southern Black Flycatcher Melaenornis pammelaina v v v v v v v v v v * Böhm’s Flycatcher Muscicapa boehmi v v v v Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata v v v v v v v v v v v African Dusky Flycatcher Muscicapa adusta v v v v v v v v v Ashy Flycatcher Muscicapa caerulescens v v v v v v v v v v v Grey Tit-Flycatcher Myioparus plumbeus v v v v v v v v v v v

28 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis v v v v v v White-starred Robin Pogonocichla stellata v v v v v * Sharpe’s Akalat Sheppardia sharpei v v * East Coast Akalat Sheppardia gunningi v v Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia v v v v v v v v * Olive-flanked Robin-Chat Cossypha anomala v v Cape Robin-Chat Cossypha caffra v v White-browed Robin-Chat Cossypha heuglini v v v v v v v v v v Red-capped Robin-Chat Cossypha natalensis v v v v v v v v v v Collared Palm-Thrush Cichladusa arquata v v v v v v v v v * Miombo Bearded Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas barbata v v v v v Eastern Bearded Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas quadrivirgata v v v v v v v v v v White-browed Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas leucophrys v v v v v v v v v v v * Kalahari Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas paena v v Whinchat Saxicola rubetra v v African Stonechat Saxicola torquatus v v v v v v v v Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe v v v v Capped Wheatear Oenanthe pileata v v v v v v v v Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina v v Familiar Chat Cercomela familiaris v v v v v v v v v v Sooty Chat Myrmecocichla nigra v v Arnot’s Chat Myrmecocichla arnoti v v v v v v v v v v Mocking Cliff-Chat Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris v v v v v Rufous-tailed (Eurasian) Rock-Thrush Monticola saxatilis v v Miombo Rock-Thrush Monticola angolensis v v v v v v v v v Starlings Sturnidae * Waller’s Starling Onychognathus walleri v v * Slender-billed Starling Onychognathus tenuirostris v v Red-winged Starling Onychognathus morio v v v v v v Cape Glossy Starling Lamprotornis nitens v v Greater Blue-eared Starling Lamprotornis chalybaeus v v v v v v v v Miombo Blue-eared Starling Lamprotornis elisabeth v v v v v v v v Sharp-tailed Starling Lamprotornis acuticaudus v v * Meves’s Starling Lamprotornis mevesii v v v v v v v v v Violet-backed Starling Cinnyricinclus leucogaster v v v v v v v v v v * White-winged Babbling Starling Neocichla gutturalis v v Wattled Starling Creatophora cinerea v v v v v v v v v v v Oxpeckers Buphagidae Yellow-billed Oxpecker Buphagus africanus v v v v v v v v Red-billed Oxpecker Buphagus erythrorhynchus v v v v v v v v v v Sunbirds Nectariniidae * Anchieta’s Anthreptes anchietae v v v v Western Violet-backed Sunbird Anthreptes longuemarei v v v v v Olive Sunbird Cyanomitra olivacea v v v v v v Green-headed Sunbird Cyanomitra verticalis v v Amethyst Sunbird Chalcomitra amethystina v v v v v v v v v v Scarlet-chested Sunbird Chalcomitra senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v v

29 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Bronzy Sunbird kilimensis v v Malachite Sunbird Nectarinia famosa v v * Scarlet-tufted Sunbird Nectarinia johnstoni v v Collared Sunbird Hedydipna collaris v v v v v v v v v v Miombo Double-collared Sunbird manoensis v v v v v v * Ludwig’s Double-collared Sunbird Cinnyris ludovicensis v v Forest Double-collared Sunbird Cinnyrus fuelleborni v v Variable Sunbird Cinnyris venustus v v v v v v v v v v White-bellied Sunbird Cinnyris talatala v v v v v v v v v v v Copper Sunbird Cinnyris cupreus v v v v v v v v v Shelley’s Sunbird Cinnyris shelleyi v v v v v Marico Sunbird Cinnyris mariquensis v v Purple-banded Sunbird Cinnyris bifasciatus v v v v v v v v v Weavers and Widowbirds Ploceidae Red-billed Buffalo-Weaver Bubalornis niger v v v v v v * Scaly-feathered Finch Sporopipes squamifrons v v * Bertrand’s Weaver Ploceus bertrandi v v Baglafecht Weaver Ploceus baglafecht v v Lesser Masked-Weaver Ploceus intermedius v v v v v v v v v v Spectacled Weaver Ploceus ocularis v v v v v v v v v v Golden Weaver Ploceus xanthops v v v v v v v v v v Southern Brown-throated Weaver Ploceus xanthopterus v v v v v Southern Masked-Weaver Ploceus velatus v v v v v v v v v v Village Weaver Ploceus cucullatus v v v v v v v v v Dark-backed Weaver Ploceus bicolor v v v v v Red-headed Weaver Anaplectes melanotis v v v v v v v v v v Cardinal Quelea Quelea cardinalis v v Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops v v v v Red-billed Quelea Quelea quelea v v v v v v v v v v Yellow-crowned Bishop Euplectes afer v v v v v Black-winged Bishop Euplectes hordeaceus v v v v v v Southern Red Bishop Euplectes orix v v v v v v v v v Yellow Bishop Euplectes capensis v v v v v v v v v v Fan-tailed Widowbird Euplectes axillaris v v v v Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macrourus v v v v White-winged Widowbird Euplectes albonotatus v v v v v v v v v v v Red-collared Widowbird Euplectes ardens v v v v v v * Montane Widowbird Euplectes psammocromius v v Thick-billed Weaver Amblyospiza albifrons v v v v v Waxbills and Allies Locustfinch Paludipasser locustella v v Orange-breasted Waxbill Amandava subflava v v v v v v v v v African Quailfinch Ortygospiza atricollis v v v v v v v Cut-throat Finch Amadina fasciata v v v v v v v v v Yellow-bellied Waxbill Coccopygia quartinia v v Green Twinspot Mandingoa nitidula v v v Red-faced Crimsonwing Cryptospiza reichenovii v v

30 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Black-faced Waxbill erythronotos v v Grey Waxbill Estrilda perreini v v v v v v Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild v v v v v v v v v v Fawn-breasted Waxbill Estrilda paludicola v v v v Lesser Seedcracker Pyrenestes minor v v Violet-eared Waxbill Granatina granatina v v v v Blue Waxbill Uraeginthus angolensis v v v v v v v v v v Red-throated Twinspot Hypargos niveoguttatus v v v v v v v v v Green-winged Pytilia Pytilia melba v v v v v v v v v v Orange-winged Pytilia Pytilia afra v v v v v v v v v Red-billed Firefinch Lagonosticta senegala v v v v v v v v v v Brown Firefinch Lagonosticta nitidula v v v African Firefinch Lagonosticta rubricata v v v v v Jameson’s Firefinch Lagonosticta rhodopareia v v v v v v v Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullatus v v v v v v v v v v v Magpie Mannikin Spermestes fringilloides v v Red-backed Mannikin Spermestes bicolor v v v v v v Indigobirds and Whydahs Viduidae Pin-tailed Whydah Vidua macroura v v v v v v v v v v v Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah Vidua obtusa v v v v v v v v v Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah Vidua paradisaea v v v v v v v v v v Shaft-tailed Whydah Vidua regia v v v v Village Indigobird Vidua chalybeata v v v v v v v v v v Variable Indigobird Vidua funerea v v v v Purple Indigobird Vidua purpurascens v v v v v v v Cuckoo Finch Anomalospiza imberbis v v v v Old World Sparrows Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus v v v v v v v v v Great Sparrow Passer motitensis v v Southern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer diffusus v v v v v v v v v v Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus v v v v v v Yellow-throated Petronia Petronia superciliaris v v v v v v v v v v White-browed Sparrow-Weaver Plocepasser mahali v v v v v v v v v Wagtails and Pipits Cape Wagtail Motacilla capensis v v v Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava v v v v v v v v v v Mountain Wagtail Motacilla clara v v v African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp v v v v v v v v v v v Fuelleborn’s Longclaw Macronyx fuelleborni v v Yellow-throated Longclaw Macronyx croceus v v v v Rosy-throated Longclaw Macronyx ameliae v v Striped Anthus lineiventris v v v v African Pipit Anthus cinnamomeus v v v v v v v v v v v * Jackson’s Pipit Anthus latistriatus v v Plain-backed Pipit Anthus leucophrys v v v v Buffy Pipit Anthus vaalensis v v v v v v v v v v * Wood Pipit Anthus nyassae v v v v v v v

31 BIRDS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Bushveld Pipit Anthus caffer v v Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis v v v v v v v Canaries and Seedeaters Fringillidae * Yellow-crowned Canary Serinus flavivertex v v * Southern Citril Serinus hypostictus v v Yellow-fronted Canary Crithagra mozambicus v v v v v v v v v v v Black-throated Canary Crithagra atrogularis v v v v v Brimstone Canary Crithagra sulphuratus v v v v v v v v Reichard’s Seedeater Crithagra reichardi v v v v * Yellow-browed Seed-eater Crithagra whytii v v Black-eared Seedeater Crithagra mennelli v v v v v v Oriole Finch Linurgus olivaceus v v Buntings Emberizidae Lark-like Bunting Emberiza impetuani v v v v Cinnamon-breasted Bunting Emberiza tahapisi v v v v v v v v v v Golden-breasted Bunting Emberiza flaviventris v v v v v v v v v v v Cabanis’s Bunting Emberiza cabanisi v v v v v v

SOUZA’S SHRIKE DICKINSON’S KESTREL

BLUE SWALLOW

32 REPTILES

The countries of Zimbabwe, Zambia and Malawi have a variety of habitat types conducive to a high reptile count. The most extensive of these is miombo woodland interspersed with moist depressions known as dambos. Old mounds found here are often perfect refuges for snakes such as black mamba as well as . On the Kalahari sands of western Zambia and Zimbabwe, one can look out for the likes of Kalahari purple-glossed snake or the endemic Kalahari burrowing . Zimbabwe has two endemic reptile species – the ferocious round-headed worm lizard and Tasman’s tropical house – neither of which occur in our concessions however.

The river valley systems at lower elevations in the sub-region (notably the Luangwa, Zambezi and Shire valleys) are diverse ecosystems with a high density of reptiles, while the floodplains surrounding the Kafue are important for species such as African python. Zambia has one endemic reptile: the Kafue round-snouted worm lizard.

The highlands, forest pockets and grasslands of the Nyika Plateau are home to a very different reptile community to elsewhere in the subregion, and include Rungwe bush viper, Nyika girdled lizard and Nyika three-striped skink. On the Lakeshore, large water monitors and can be seen basking on the rocks.

Taxonomically the reptiles in this checklist have been grouped and named according to ‘A Guide to the Reptiles of Southern Africa’ by Johan Marais and Graham Alexander.

WATER MONITOR COMMON SLUG-EATER

STRIPED SKINK

FLAP-NECKED CHAMELEON

33 REPTILES OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Tortoises Testudinidae Leopard Tortoise Geochelone pardalis v v v v v v v v v Speke’s Hinged Tortoise Kinixys spekii v v v v v v Bell’s Hinged Tortoise Kinixys belliana v v Terrapins Pelomedusidae, Trionychidae Zambezi Soft-shelled Terrapin Cycloderma frenatum v v Serrated Hinged Terrapin Pelusios sinuatus v v v v v v v v Marsh Terrapin Pelomedusa subrufa v v v v v v v v v v Pan Hinged Terrapin Pelusios subniger v v v v v v v Okavango Hinged Terrapin Pelusios bechuanicus v v v African Mud Turtle Pelusios castaneus v v Blind Snakes Delalande’s Beaked Blind Snake lalandei v v * Schlegel’s Beaked Blind Snake Rhinotyphlops schlegelii petersii v v v v v v Lineolate Blind Snake Afrotyphlops lineolatus v v Thread Snakes Long-tailed Thread Snake longicaudus v v Emin’s Thread Snake Leptotyphlops emini v v Peters’ Thread Snake Leptotyphlops scutifrons v v v v v Cape Thread Snake Leptotyphlops conjunctus v v v v v v v Pythons Pythonidae Southern African Python Python sebae natalensis v v v v v v v v v v v African Burrowing Snakes Atractaspididae Bibron’s Burrowing Asp Atractaspis bibronii v v v v v v v v v Reticulated Eater Aparallactus lunulatus v v v v v v v Cape Centipede Eater v v v v v v v v Common Purple-glossed Snake v v v v v v v v v Kalahari Purple-glossed Snake Amblyodipsas ventrimaculata v v Gerard’s Black and Yellow Burrowing Snake Chilorhinophis gerardi v v v v v Bicoloured Quill-snouted Snake Xenocalamus bicolor v v v Elongate Quill-snouted Snake Xenocalamus mechowii v v v v v Typical Snakes Brown House Snake Lamprophis fuliginosus v v v v v v v v v Cape Wolf Snake capense v v v v v v v Variegated Wolf Snake Lycophidion variegatum v v Cape File Snake capensis v v v v v v Black File Snake Mehelya nyassae v v v v v v Common Slug-Eater Duberria lutrix v v Shreve’s Tree Snake Dipsadoboa shrevei kageleri v v Mole Snake Pseudaspis cana v v v v v v Olive Marsh Snake Natriciteres olivacea v v v v v v v v v v Eastern Striped Swamp Snake Limnophis bangweolicus v v Bi-colored Swamp Snake Limnophis bicolor v v * Sundervall’s Shovelsnout Prosymna sundervallii v v v * Two-striped Shovelsnout Prosymna bivittata v v Angola Shovelsnout Prosymna angolensis v v East African Shovelsnout Prosymna stuhlmannii v v v v v Eastern Bark Snake Hemirhagerrhis nototaenia v v v v v v v v Rufous Beaked Snake Ramphiophis rostratus v v v v v v Lined Olympic Snake Dromophis lineatus v v v v v 34 REPTILES OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Striped Skaapsteker Psammophylax tritaeniatus v v v v v v Grey-bellied Grass Snake (Skaapsteker) Psammophylax variabilis v v v v Eastern Stripe-bellied Sand Snake Psammophis orientalis v v v Jalla’s Sand Snake Psammophis jallae v v Phillips’ Sand Snake Psammophis phillipsi v v Stripe-bellied Sand Snake Psammophis subtaeniatus v v v v v v v v Dwarf Sand Snake Psammophis angolensis v v v v v v v Olive Grass Snake Psammophis mossambicus v v v v v v Semiornate Snake Meizodon semiornatus v v v v v Spotted Bush Snake Philothamnus semivariegatus v v v v v v v v v v v Green Water Snake Philothamnus hoplogaster v v v v v v v v Common Eater Dasypeltis scabra v v v v v v v v v White-lipped Herald Snake Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia v v v v v v v v v v Eastern Tiger Snake Telescopus semiannulatus v v v v v v v v Boomslang Dispholidus typus v v v v v v v v v v v Vine Snake Thelotornis capensis v v v v v v v v v v v Cobras, Mambas and Allies * Shield Cobra Aspidelaps scutatus v v Gunther’s Elapsoidea guentheri v v v v Angolan Garter Snake Elapsoidea semiannulata v v Boulenger’s Garter Snake Elapsoidea boulengeri v v v v Anchieta’s Cobra Naja anchietae v v Snouted Cobra Naja annulifera v v v Mozambique Spitting Cobra Naja mossambica v v v v v v v v Black-necked Spitting Cobra Naja nigricollis v v Black Mamba Dendroaspis polylepsis v v v v v v v v v Vipers Rhombic (Common) Night Adder Causus rhombeatus v v v v v v v Snouted Night Adder Causus defilippii v v v v v v v v Puff Adder Bitis arietans v v v v v v v v v v v Rungwe Bush Viper nitschei rungweensis v v Worm-Like Lizards Amphisbaenidae Kalahari Round-headed Worm Lizard Zygaspis quadrifrons v v v v v * Black Round-headed Worm Lizard Zygaspis nigra v v * Kafue Round-snouted Worm Lizard Zygaspis kafueensis v v * Kalahari Spade-snouted Worm Lizard Monopeltis leonhardi v v Zimbabwe Spade-snouted Worm Lizard Monopeltis rhodesiana v v v Slender Spade-snouted Worm Lizard Monopeltis sphenorhynchus v v v v Blunt-tailed Worm Lizard Dalophia pistillum v v v Long-tailed Worm Lizard Dalophia longicauda v v Skinks Scincidae Four-toed Burrowing Skink Sepsina tetradactyla v v * Kalahari Burrowing Skink Typhlacontias rohani v v Sundevall’s Writhing Skink Lygosoma sundevallii v v v v v v Tree Skink Mabuya planifrons v v African Five-lined Skink quinquetaeniata v v v v v v Rainbow Skink Trachylepsis margaritifer v v v v v v v Bronze Rock Skink Trachylepsis lacertiformis v v Striped Skink Trachylepsis striata v v v v v v v v v v Variable Skink Trachylepsis varia v v v v v v v v 35 REPTILES OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM * Nyika Variable Skink Mabuya varia nyikae v v * Nyika Three-striped Skink Mabuya hildae v v Variegated Skink Trachylepsis variegata v v Spotted-neck Snake-eyed Skink Panaspis maculilabris v v v * Seydel’s Snake-eyed Skink Panaspis smithi v v Wahlberg’s Snake-eyed Skink Panaspis wahlbergi v v Johnston’s Skink Eumecia johnstonei v v Sand Lizards and Related Species Bushveld Lizard Heliobolus lugubris v v Cape Rough-scaled Lizard capensis v v v v v v Common Rough-scaled Lizard Ichnotropis squamulosa v v v v v v v v v Johnston’s Long-tailed Lizard Latastia johnstoni v v Plated Lizards Yellow-throated Plated Lizard flavigularis v v v v v v Rough-scaled Plated Lizard Gerrhosaurus major v v v v v v v v Kalahari Plated Lizard Gerrhosaurus multilineatus v v Black-lined Plated Lizard Gerrhosaurus nigrolineatus v v v v v v v v v Giant Plated Lizard Gerrhosaurus validus v v v v v Girdled Lizards Cordylidae * Nyika Girdled Lizard Cordylus nyikae v v v Monitors Varanidae Savannah Monitor Varanus exanthematicus v v Rock (White-throated) Monitor Varanus albigularis v v v Water Monitor Varanus niloticus v v v v v v v v v Agamas Kirk’s Rock Agama kirkii v v v Peter’s Ground Agama Agama armata v v v v v v v Southern Tree Agama atricollis v v v v v v v v Chameleons Chamaeleonidae Flap-neck Chameleon Chamaeleo dilepsis v v v v v v v v v v v * Goetz’s Nyika Chameleon Chamaeleo goetzi nyikae v v Pitless Pygmy Chameleon Rhampholeon nchisiensis v v Gekkonidae * Transvaal Flat Gecko Afroedura transvaalica v v * Kalahari Ground Gecko Colopus wahlbergii v v Moreau’s Tropical House Gecko Hemidactylus mabouia v v v v v v v v v v Wahlberg’s Velvet Gecko Homopholis wahlbergii v v Cape Dwarf Gecko Lygodactylus capensis v v v v v v v * Chobe Dwarf Gecko Lygodactylus chobiensis v v v v v * Angulated dwarf gecko Lygodactylus angularis v v O’Shaughnessy’s Thick-toed Gecko Pachydactylus oshaughnessyi v v v v v v v v v Turner’s Thick-toed Gecko Pachydactylus turneri v v v v Speckled Thick-toed Gecko Pachydactylus punctatus v v v v v Crocodiles Crocodylidae Crocodylus niloticus v v v v v v v v

36 AMPHIBIANS

The study of amphibians is very important for ecological purposes. Tadpoles are good indicators of water quality and any adverse changes therein, while adults consume large amounts of – vital in controlling mosquitoes for instance. Apart from these benefits, they are easily as fascinating as other wildlife forms, coming in a wide range of colour patterns, found in distinct habitats, and the males’ loud, distinct vocalisations are just as intriguing as bird calls!

72 amphibians are currently recognised in Zimbabwe, although new species are still being identified. Seven species are currently listed as endemic, five of which are montane species of the Eastern Highlands. 57 amphibians have been recorded for Zambia. Many extensive swamp, lake and marsh systems in the country provide ideal habitat for amphibians, including the Bangweulu and Kafue systems. The Lufupa reed frog is restricted to Kafue.

69 species of amphibians are documented in Malawi – a southern extension of the Great Rift Valley. The northern reaches of the country, where montane forest and grassland dominate, have exciting species such as Nyika dwarf toad and black-striped sedge frog. The granite massifs of Mounts Mulanje and Zomba in the south also have many endemic species. Nyika dwarf toad and black-striped sedge frog are both endemic to Nyika.

The amphibian checklist is categorised in the respective families and taxonomically follows ‘A Complete Guide to the Frogs of Southern Africa’ by Vincent Carruthers and Louis Du Preez. Further input as to Zambia and Malawi was obtained from ‘Amphibians of Central and Southern Africa’ by Alan Channing – another excellent resource for budding batrachologists (frog researchers).

AFRICAN BULLFROG (JUVENILE) KAFUE REED FROG

LONG REED FROG EASTERN OLIVE TOAD

37 AMPHIBIANS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Toads Bufonidae Eastern Olive Toad Amietophrynus garmani v v v v v v v v v v Guttural Toad Amietophrynus gutturalis v v v v v v v v v v Kisolo Toad Amietophrynus kisoloensis v v Lindner’s Toad Mertensophryne lindneri v v Beira Pygmy Toad Poyntonophrynus beiranus v v Kavango Pygmy Toad Poyntonophrynus kavangensis v v Northern Pygmy Toad Poyntonophrynus fenoulheti v v v v Lemaire’s Toad Amietophrynus lemairii v v Flat-backed Toad Amietophrynus maculatus v v v v v v v v v v v Red Toad Schismaderma carens v v v v v v v v v v v Taita Toad Bufo taitanus v v v v * Nyika Dwarf Toad Bufo nyikae v v Squeakers and Tree Frogs Arthroleptidae Shovel-footed Squeaker Arthroleptis stenodactylus v v v v v v v Dwarf Squeaker Schoutedenella xenodactyloides v v Plain Squeaker Arthroleptis xenochirus v v Bocage’s Tree Frog Leptopelis bocagii v v v v Shovel-nosed Frogs Hemisotidae Guinea Shovel-nosed Frog Hemisus guineensis v v v v v v v v v Mottled Shovel-nosed Frog Hemisus marmoratus v v v v v v v v v v Reed Frogs, Kassinas Short-legged Spiny Reed Frog Afrixalus brachycnemis v v v Fornasini’s Spiny Reed Frog Afrixalus fornasini v v v v Sharp-nosed Reed Frog acuticeps v v v v v v v v v Long Reed Frog Hyperolius nasutus v v v v v v Bocage’s Sharp-nosed Reed Frog Hyperolius benguellensis v v v v v v v v v * Lufupa Reed Frog Hyperolius lufupensis v v * Kafue Reed Frog Hyperolius pyrrhodictyon v v Marginated Reed Frog Hyperolius marginatus v v v v v v v v v Variable Montane Sedge Frog Hyperolius pictus v v Spotted Reed Frog Hyperolius puncticulatus v v v v v Waterlily Reed Frog Hyperolius pusillus v v Tinker Reed Frog Hyperolius tuberilinguis v v v Hyperolius quiquevittatus * Black-striped Sedge Frog mertensi v v v v Angolan Reed Frog Hyperolius parallelus v v * Laurent’s Reed Frog Hyperolius rhodesianus v v Bubbling Kassina Kassina senegalensis v v v v v v v v v v Red-legged Kassina Kassina maculata v v Rain Frogs Breviceptidae Bushveld Rain Frog Breviceps adspersus v v Mozambique Rain Frog Breviceps mossambicus v v v v Power’s Rain Frog Breviceps powerii v v v v v Rubber Frogs Spotted Rubber Frog affinis v v Banded Rubber Frog Phrynomantis bifasciatus v v v v v v v v v v

38 AMPHIBIANS OF MALAWI, ZAMBIA AND ZIMBABWE SL Common Name Scientific Name KF NY LW LM MP HW ZIM MAL MOT ZAM Platannas (Clawed Frogs) Pipidae Common Platanna Xenopus laevis v v v v v v v v v v Müller’s Platanna Xenopus muelleri v v v v v Puddle Frogs Phrynobatrachidae Dwarf Puddle Frog Phrynobatrachus mababiensis v v v v v v v v v v Snoring Puddle Frog Phrynobatrachus natalensis v v v v v v v v v Small Puddle Frog Phrynobatrachus parvulus v v v v v v Eastern Puddle Frog Phrynobatrachus acridoides v v v v * Ukinga Puddle Frog Phrynobatrachus ukingensis v v Ornate Frogs and Grass Frogs Ornate Frog ornata v v v v v v v v v Plain Grass Frog anchietae v v v v v v v v v v Guibe’s Grass Frog v v v v Mascarene Grass Frog Ptychadena mascareniensis v v v v v v v v Broad-banded Grass Frog Ptychadena mossambica v v v v v v v v v Sharp-nosed Grass Frog v v v v v v v v v Striped Grass Frog Ptychadena porosissima v v v v Speckle-bellied Grass Frog Ptychadena subpunctata v v Dwarf Grass Frog v v Muita Grassland Frog Ptychadena grandisonae v v Upemba Grassland Frog Ptychadena upembae v v Lunda Grass Frog Ptychadena perplicata v v Udzungwa Grass Frog Ptychadena uzungwensis v v v v Bullfrogs, Cacos and Sand Frogs Giant Bullfrog adspersus v v v v v v v v v African Bullfrog Pyxicephalus edulis v v v v v v v v v Boettger’s Caco Cacosternum boettgeri v v Common River Frog Amieta angolensis v v v v v v v v Striped Stream frog Stronggylopus fasciatus v v v v Tremelo Sand Frog cryptotis v v v v v v v v v Knocking Sand Frog Tomopterna krugerensis v v Russet-backed Sand Frog Tomopterna marmorata v v v v v v v Beaded Sand Frog Tomopterna tuberculosa v v True Frogs Ranidae Darling’s Golden-backed Frog Hylarana darlingi v v v v v v v v Angola River Frog Amietia angolensis v v v v v v v v Galam white-lipped frog Amnirana galamensis v v Foam Nest Frogs Rhacophoridae Southern Foam Nest Frog Chiromantis xerampelina v v v v v v v v v

39 WILDERNESS SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY

Wilderness views its role in conservation in Africa as:

• Ensuring sustainable protection of carbon sinks and biodiversity through the creation of viable ecotourism businesses either within formally protected areas or on community or privately-owned land without formal protection. • Ensuring that ecotourism remains the chosen alternative in an economic sense to less sustainable industries such as mining, agriculture, farming, hydroelectric schemes and others that irrevocably damage biodiversity, wilderness and ecosystem processes. • Creating a profitable, ethical and responsible business that others are able to imitate and implement in regions where we are not active or cannot make a difference ourselves.

We understand this role as that of building sustainable conservation economies.

The Wilderness sustainability strategy is one that is neatly encapsulated by the 4Cs: Conservation, Community, Culture and Commerce. Commerce is of course the C that underpins the sustainability of the business and industry in general. The tenets of each of the remaining three Cs are elucidated briefly below.

Conservation Conservation is comprised of two equally important elements: i) Environmental Management Systems. Environmental Management Systems concerns the management of our camp and office operations in the most sustainable and environmentally sensitive way possible through the use of minimum standards, measurement, efficiencies and mitigation, renewable energy technologies and education of our staff and guests to ensure the lowest possible carbon footprint. Water usage, waste treatment and recycling, and construction and rehabilitation of old lodge sites are all important additional aspects. ii) Biodiversity Conservation. Biodiversity Conservation covers the measurement and understanding of our biodiversity footprint and its management, and where relevant the enhancement of indigenous species richness through reintroductions (of absent indigenous species) and rehabilitation (through vegetation management and anti-poaching), as well as research projects – in short, the fulfilling of our obligations as custodians of more than 3 million hectares (8 million acres) of wild areas in Africa.

Community The honest, mutually beneficial and dignified engagement of our rural community partners (staff, equity partners, landlords, neighbours) in ways that ensure sustainability beyond the lifespan and aegis of our organisation and which deliver a meaningful and life-changing share of the proceeds of responsible ecotourism to all stakeholders. These mechanisms include community-centric employment, joint ventures (equity, revenue share, traversing fees), education (children’s camps; bursaries) and training, social benefits, capacity building and infrastructure development (e.g. schools, crèches, clinics).

Culture Culture is a multifaceted element that governs respect for the culture of all employees as well as remote rural communities surrounding the conservation areas. This is reflected in: a healthy social environment in camp; area appropriate camp design, decor, entertainment and meals; respect for traditional rights within and surrounding the conservation area; guest visits to traditional villages and homesteads; communication of the area’s traditional culture to guests and staff.

40 THREE-BANDED COURSER AFRICAN WILD DOG

SOUTH-EASTERN GREEN SNAKE TREE HYRAX

ROSY-THROATED LONGCLAW

ELAND

CRAWSHAY’S ZEBRA SABLE RUFOUS-BELLIED TIT

Cover Images Front (top to bottom): Rock Pratincole, Roan, Lufupa Reed Frog, Leopard, Nile Crocodile, African Finfoot Back (top to bottom): Bar-tailed Trogon, Thornicroft’s Giraffe, Lesser Bushbaby, Cheetah, Böhm’s Bee-eater Copy: Martin Benadie and Chris Roche Design: Mary-Anne Van Der Byl Photographers List: Dana Allen, Martin Benadie, Mike Myers, Kevin Van Breda, Neil Midlane, Tony Reumerman ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS With appreciation to all who have contributed to this species checklist including all camp and Explorations guides but particularly: Chris Roche, Martin Benadie, Philip Jeffery, Brent Harris, Mike Muvishi, Isaac Kalio, Lexon Munuma, Tony Reumerman, Dean Morton, Ilana Stein, Petros Guwa and Idos Mulenga. If we have left anyone out, this was unintentional. Please let us know and accept our apologies. www.wilderness-safaris.com www.wildernesstrust.com www.childreninthewilderness.com www.wilderness-the4cs.com

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