§4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
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Growth and Ontogeny
G rowth and ontogeny The inland water fishes of Africa G rowth is one of the most complex processes for an organism . On the metabolic level, part of the energy consumed will be devoted to increasing its weight, but the proportion of energy used to generate living matter depends on the age of the individuals, their physiological state, their environmental conditions, etc. Firs t stages of deve lopme nt Little is know n about the first stages of development in Af rican fishes. A review of literature shows th at data is only available for 18 of 74 ident ifie d fam ilies (Carnbrav & Teugels. 1988). ONTOGENY AND MAIN STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT Ontogeny is the process of differentiation • the juvenile period begins w hen the fins of the diff erent stages of development are we ll-diffe rentiated and w hen all temporary in the life of an organism. We usually distinguish organs are replaced by final organs. several periods in the life of a fish. This stage ends w ith the first maturation (BaIon, 1981, 1984 and 1986): of gametes. This is usually a period of rapid • the embryonic period wh ich begins w ith growth sometimes characterized by a specific fertilization and is characterized by exclusively colouration; endogenous nutrition from the egg yolk; • the adult period begins w ith the first • the larval period w hich begins with maturation of gametes. the progressive but rapid transition from It is characterized by a decrease in somatic an endogenous food supply to exogenous grow th rate; feeding. This period is characterized by • finally, there is sometimes a period the presence of tem porary larval organisms; of senescence. -
1 Exon Probe Sets and Bioinformatics Pipelines for All Levels of Fish Phylogenomics
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.18.949735; this version posted February 19, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Exon probe sets and bioinformatics pipelines for all levels of fish phylogenomics 2 3 Lily C. Hughes1,2,3,*, Guillermo Ortí1,3, Hadeel Saad1, Chenhong Li4, William T. White5, Carole 4 C. Baldwin3, Keith A. Crandall1,2, Dahiana Arcila3,6,7, and Ricardo Betancur-R.7 5 6 1 Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 7 2 Computational Biology Institute, Milken Institute of Public Health, George Washington 8 University, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 9 3 Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian 10 Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 11 4 College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China 12 5 CSIRO Australian National Fish Collection, National Research Collections of Australia, 13 Hobart, TAS, Australia 14 6 Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, Norman, O.K., U.S.A. 15 7 Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, O.K., U.S.A. 16 17 *Corresponding author: Lily C. Hughes, [email protected]. 18 Current address: Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, 19 Chicago, IL. 20 21 Keywords: Actinopterygii, Protein coding, Systematics, Phylogenetics, Evolution, Target 22 capture 23 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.18.949735; this version posted February 19, 2020. -
The Evolution of the Placenta Drives a Shift in Sexual Selection in Livebearing Fish
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature13451 The evolution of the placenta drives a shift in sexual selection in livebearing fish B. J. A. Pollux1,2, R. W. Meredith1,3, M. S. Springer1, T. Garland1 & D. N. Reznick1 The evolution of the placenta from a non-placental ancestor causes a species produce large, ‘costly’ (that is, fully provisioned) eggs5,6, gaining shift of maternal investment from pre- to post-fertilization, creating most reproductive benefits by carefully selecting suitable mates based a venue for parent–offspring conflicts during pregnancy1–4. Theory on phenotype or behaviour2. These females, however, run the risk of mat- predicts that the rise of these conflicts should drive a shift from a ing with genetically inferior (for example, closely related or dishonestly reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice to polyandry in conjunc- signalling) males, because genetically incompatible males are generally tion with post-zygotic mechanisms of sexual selection2. This hypoth- not discernable at the phenotypic level10. Placental females may reduce esis has not yet been empirically tested. Here we apply comparative these risks by producing tiny, inexpensive eggs and creating large mixed- methods to test a key prediction of this hypothesis, which is that the paternity litters by mating with multiple males. They may then rely on evolution of placentation is associated with reduced pre-copulatory the expression of the paternal genomes to induce differential patterns of female mate choice. We exploit a unique quality of the livebearing fish post-zygotic maternal investment among the embryos and, in extreme family Poeciliidae: placentas have repeatedly evolved or been lost, cases, divert resources from genetically defective (incompatible) to viable creating diversity among closely related lineages in the presence or embryos1–4,6,11. -
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States
Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States September 1993 OTA-F-565 NTIS order #PB94-107679 GPO stock #052-003-01347-9 Recommended Citation: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States, OTA-F-565 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, September 1993). For Sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office ii Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop, SSOP. Washington, DC 20402-9328 ISBN O-1 6-042075-X Foreword on-indigenous species (NIS)-----those species found beyond their natural ranges—are part and parcel of the U.S. landscape. Many are highly beneficial. Almost all U.S. crops and domesticated animals, many sport fish and aquiculture species, numerous horticultural plants, and most biologicalN control organisms have origins outside the country. A large number of NIS, however, cause significant economic, environmental, and health damage. These harmful species are the focus of this study. The total number of harmful NIS and their cumulative impacts are creating a growing burden for the country. We cannot completely stop the tide of new harmful introductions. Perfect screening, detection, and control are technically impossible and will remain so for the foreseeable future. Nevertheless, the Federal and State policies designed to protect us from the worst species are not safeguarding our national interests in important areas. These conclusions have a number of policy implications. First, the Nation has no real national policy on harmful introductions; the current system is piecemeal, lacking adequate rigor and comprehensiveness. Second, many Federal and State statutes, regulations, and programs are not keeping pace with new and spreading non-indigenous pests. -
Intertidal Migration of the Four-Eyed Fish Anableps Anableps in North Brazilian Mangrove Creeks
Vol. 509: 271–287, 2014 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published August 27 doi: 10.3354/meps10863 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps in North Brazilian mangrove creeks Uwe Krumme1,2,*, Marianna Audfroid Calderón1, Andreas Echterhoff1 1Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Fahrenheitstr. 6, 28359 Bremen, Germany 2Thünen Institute of Baltic Sea Fisheries (TI-OF), Alter Hafen Süd 2, 18069 Rostock, Germany ABSTRACT: The movement patterns of mangrove fish during tidal cycles are virtually unknown, yet needed to understand fish habitat use. The intertidal migration of the four-eyed fish Anableps anableps L. (Anablepidae, Cyprinodontiformes), a surface-swimming species, was observed along 2 large mangrove-lined creeks in North Brazil. The number, direction and size of the fish crossing fixed line transects were recorded at 5 min intervals using visual surveys during daylight at spring, mid- and neap tide cycles. Migration took place in a surge and was predictably structured and directly related to water level, current speed and direction, and recurred independent of creek and tide. The fish rode the early flood tide upstream towards the creek heads. After the ebb current peak, they returned in a surge along the same pathways. The intertidal distances travelled ranged from 0.7 to >2 km per tide. Fish density maxima occurred at early flood and late ebb tide, with more fish swimming alone during flood tide and largest group sizes during ebb tides. At neap high tides, fish aggregated in fewer accessible creek heads. When spring tides inundated wider creek areas and made additional creek heads available, maximum fish dispersal occurred. -
Fishes of Terengganu East Coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia Ii Iii
i Fishes of Terengganu East coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia ii iii Edited by Mizuki Matsunuma, Hiroyuki Motomura, Keiichi Matsuura, Noor Azhar M. Shazili and Mohd Azmi Ambak Photographed by Masatoshi Meguro and Mizuki Matsunuma iv Copy Right © 2011 by the National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publisher. Copyrights of the specimen photographs are held by the Kagoshima Uni- versity Museum. For bibliographic purposes this book should be cited as follows: Matsunuma, M., H. Motomura, K. Matsuura, N. A. M. Shazili and M. A. Ambak (eds.). 2011 (Nov.). Fishes of Terengganu – east coast of Malay Peninsula, Malaysia. National Museum of Nature and Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu and Kagoshima University Museum, ix + 251 pages. ISBN 978-4-87803-036-9 Corresponding editor: Hiroyuki Motomura (e-mail: [email protected]) v Preface Tropical seas in Southeast Asian countries are well known for their rich fish diversity found in various environments such as beautiful coral reefs, mud flats, sandy beaches, mangroves, and estuaries around river mouths. The South China Sea is a major water body containing a large and diverse fish fauna. However, many areas of the South China Sea, particularly in Malaysia and Vietnam, have been poorly studied in terms of fish taxonomy and diversity. Local fish scientists and students have frequently faced difficulty when try- ing to identify fishes in their home countries. During the International Training Program of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (ITP of JSPS), two graduate students of Kagoshima University, Mr. -
Doublespot Acara (Aequidens Pallidus) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
Doublespot Acara (Aequidens pallidus) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, web version – 03/29/2018 Photo: Frank M Greco. Licensed under Creative Commons BY 3.0 Unported. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aequidens_pallidus.jpg. (August 2017). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2015): “South America: Amazon River basin, in the middle and lower Negro River, Uatumã, Preto da Eva, and Puraquequara rivers.” Status in the United States No records of Aequidens pallidus in the United States found. 1 Means of Introductions in the United States No records of Aequidens pallidus in the United States found. Remarks No additional remarks. 2 Biology and Ecology Taxonomic Hierarchy and Taxonomic Standing From ITIS (2015): “Kingdom Animalia Subkingdom Bilateria Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Infraphylum Gnathostomata Superclass Osteichthyes Class Actinopterygii Subclass Neopterygii Infraclass Teleostei Superorder Acanthopterygii Order Perciformes Suborder Labroidei Family Cichlidae Genus Aequidens Species Aequidens pallidus (Heckel, 1840)” From Eschmeyer et al. (2017): “pallidus, Acara Heckel [J. J.] 1840:347 […] [Annalen des Wiener Museums der Naturgeschichte v. 2] Rio Negro of Rio Amazonas, South America. Holotype (unique): NMW 33678. •Valid as Aequidens pallidus (Heckel 1840) -- (Kullander in Reis et al. 2003:608 […]). Current status: Valid as Aequidens pallidus (Heckel 1840). Cichlidae: Cichlinae.” Size, Weight, and Age Range From Froese and Pauly (2015): “Max length: 14.3 cm SL male/unsexed; [Kullander 2003]” “Maximum length 20.0 cm TL [Stawikowski and Werner 1998].” 2 Environment From Froese and Pauly (2015): “Freshwater; benthopelagic; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 10. -
Fishes of the King Edward River in the Kimberley Region, Western Australia
Records of the Western Australian Museum 25: 351–368 (2010). Fishes of the King Edward River in the Kimberley region, Western Australia David L. Morgan Freshwater Fish Group, Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract – The King Edward River, in the far north of the Kimberley region of Western Australia drains approximately 10,000 km2 and discharges into the Timor Sea near the town of Kalumburu. This study represents an ichthyological survey of the river’s freshwaters and revealed that the number of freshwater fishes of the King Edward River is higher than has previously been recorded for a Western Australian river. Twenty-six strictly freshwater fish species were recorded, which is three species higher than the much larger Fitzroy River in the southern Kimberley. The study also identified a number of range extensions, including Butler’s Grunter and Shovel-nosed Catfish to the west, and the Slender Gudgeon to the north and east. A possibly undescribed species of glassfish, that differs morphologically from described species in arrangement of head spines, fin rays, as well as relative body measurements, is reported. A considerable proportion of Jenkins’ Grunter, which is widespread throughout the system but essentially restricted to main channel sites, had ‘blubber-lips’. There were significant differences in the prevailing fish fauna of the different reaches of the King Edward River system. Thus fish associations in the upper King Edward River main channel were significantly different to those in the tributaries and the main channel of the Carson River. -
Monophyly and Interrelationships of Snook and Barramundi (Centropomidae Sensu Greenwood) and five New Markers for fish Phylogenetics ⇑ Chenhong Li A, , Betancur-R
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 60 (2011) 463–471 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Monophyly and interrelationships of Snook and Barramundi (Centropomidae sensu Greenwood) and five new markers for fish phylogenetics ⇑ Chenhong Li a, , Betancur-R. Ricardo b, Wm. Leo Smith c, Guillermo Ortí b a School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA b Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 200052, USA c The Field Museum, Department of Zoology, Fishes, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA article info abstract Article history: Centropomidae as defined by Greenwood (1976) is composed of three genera: Centropomus, Lates, and Received 24 January 2011 Psammoperca. But composition and monophyly of this family have been challenged in subsequent Revised 3 May 2011 morphological studies. In some classifications, Ambassis, Siniperca and Glaucosoma were added to the Accepted 5 May 2011 Centropomidae. In other studies, Lates + Psammoperca were excluded, restricting the family to Available online 12 May 2011 Centropomus. Recent analyses of DNA sequences did not solve the controversy, mainly due to limited taxonomic or character sampling. The present study is based on DNA sequence data from thirteen Keywords: genes (one mitochondrial and twelve nuclear markers) for 57 taxa, representative of all relevant Centropomidae species. Five of the nuclear markers are new for fish phylogenetic studies. The monophyly of Centrop- Lates Psammoperca omidae sensu Greenwood was supported by both maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of a Ambassidae concatenated data set (12,888 bp aligned). No support was found for previous morphological hypothe- Niphon spinosus ses suggesting that ambassids are closely allied to the Centropomidae. -
Ancistrus Dolichopterus) in Aquarium Conditions
LIMNOFISH-Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research 6(3): 231-237 (2020) A Preliminary Study on Reproduction and Development of Bushymouth Catfish (Ancistrus dolichopterus) in Aquarium Conditions Mustafa DENİZ1* , T. Tansel TANRIKUL2 , Onur KARADAL3 , Ezgi DİNÇTÜRK2 F. Rabia KARADUMAN 1 1Department of Aquaculture, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, 35620, Çiğli, İzmir, Turkey 2Department of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Fisheries, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, 35620, Çiğli, İzmir, Turkey 3Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, İzmir Kâtip Çelebi University, 35620, Çiğli, İzmir, Turkey ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO Dwarf suckermouth catfish are preferred especially for small aquariums. They are RESEARCH ARTICLE usually referred to as tank cleaners and commonly traded in the ornamental fish sector. Since these fish are nocturnal, it is difficult to observe their reproductive Received : 28.02.2020 behavior and larval development. This study was carried out to determine the Revised : 05.06.2020 reproductive variables of bushymouth catfish (Ancistrus dolichopterus) under aquarium conditions. Three broodstocks bushymouth catfish with an average Accepted : 09.06.2020 initial weight and a total length of 10.5±0.3 g and 9.5±0.2 cm were stocked in Published : 29.12.2020 three 240-L aquariums with the ratio of 1:2 (male: female). The observations were made in triplicate tanks for six months. Females laid an average of 39.78±0.41 DOI:10.17216/LimnoFish.695413 eggs and fertilization and hatching rates were 75.05% and 62.94%, respectively. It was found that the transition time from egg to apparently larval stage was * CORRESPONDING AUTHOR 105.28 h, and bushymouth catfish showed an indistinguishable development from [email protected] the hatching to juvenile stage without a real larval transition stage. -
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................ -
Lakes Argyle and Kununurra Wetlands Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description
Lakes Argyle and Kununurra Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description Citation: Hale, J. and Morgan, D., 2010, Ecological Character Description for the Lakes Argyle and Kununurra Ramsar Site. Report to the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, Canberra. Acknowledgements: Danny Rogers, Australasian Waders Studies Group (expert advice) Halina Kobryn, Murdoch University (mapping and GIS) The steering committee was comprised of representatives of the following organisations: • Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts • WA Department of Environment and Conservation (Kununurra) • WA Department of Water (Kununurra) • Shire of Wyndham East Kimberley Introductory Notes This Ecological Character Description (ECD Publication) has been prepared in accordance with the National Framework and Guidance for Describing the Ecological Character of Australia’s Ramsar Wetlands (National Framework) (Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, 2008). The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) prohibits actions that are likely to have a significant impact on the ecological character of a Ramsar wetland unless the Commonwealth Environment Minister has approved the taking of the action, or some other provision in the EPBC Act allows the action to be taken. The information in this ECD Publication does not indicate any commitment to a particular course of action, policy position or decision. Further, it does not provide assessment of any particular action within the meaning of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), nor replace the role of the Minister or his delegate in making an informed decision to approve an action. The Water Act 2007 requires that in preparing the [Murray-Darling] Basin Plan, the Murray Darling Basin Authority (MDBA) must take into account Ecological Character Descriptions of declared Ramsar wetlands prepared in accordance with the National Framework.