DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapter One Introduction

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chapter One Introduction CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Overview The lubricant sub-sector of the downstream industry is one with so many potential that is capable of being a major source of revenue earner for the country, and has grown over the years with increase in the number of second hand passenger and commercial vehicles in the country calling for more frequent lubricant changes. Though Nigeria has an installed lubricant capacity of 600, 000 metric tonnes the current demand is 700 million litres which is about 1% of global demand. The lubricants market is driven by various steps being taken by government such as initiatives to increase the ease of doing business to boost manufacturing sector activities and the Nigeria Economic Recovery and Growth Plan (ERGP) to emphasize investment in infrastructure. With the increase of import duty on finished lubricants to 30% and the recent 7.5 percent VAT on finished lubes in the country, the sectors have been opened up for further investment and the proposed project considered in this study is set to explore the given opportunity. Though there are presently 34 lube blending plants in Nigeria, only two of these (5.9%) are located in the south- south region of the country (DPR, 2020). This proposed lubricating oil blending plant project by Eraskon Nigeria Ltd is thus a private effort to support the government of Nigeria on how local production of lubricant can be increased to boost its domestic availability especially in the south-south region of the country. 1.2 Project Proponent Eraskon Nigeria Limited is a lubricant oil manufacturing company incorporated in Nigeria by the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) with RC No. 601947. The company is desirous of setting up a 50,000 litres lubricating oil blending plant in Izeinbou Bush, Tunama Community, Gbaran Clan, Yenagoa Local Government Area (LGA) of Bayelsa State. The proposed project area is located about 700 m ESIA OF ERASKON NIGERIA LTD 50,000 LITRES LUBRICATING OIL BLENDING PLANT IN IZEIBOU BUSH, TUNAMA COMMUNITY, GBARAN CLAN, YENAGOA LGA, BAYELSA STATE 1 to the Azikel Modular Refinery, from which the plant will source for raw materials using state-of-the-art technologies to produce high- quality lubricants suitable for a wide range of uses. The lube oils are to be distributed across the country through an extensive network of distributors. In order to implement the proposed project and make it compliant with national environmental standards, Eraskon Nigeria Limited (here-in referred to as ENL), commissioned Geo Environmental Resources Limited (here-in referred to as GERL), an indigenous environmental consultancy firm whose head office is at Suite SB 81, New Banex (VOM) Plaza, Aminu Kano Crescent, Wuse II, FCT-Abuja, to undertake the ESIA, a basic pre-operational necessity of law. 1.3 ESIA Objectives ESIA is a tested and globally accepted environmental management tool for proactive control of anticipated project impacts on the environment. The aim of this ESIA study for the proposed project is to proactively evaluate the potential environmental (including health and socio-economic) impacts of the proposed development. This is to ensure that the planned activities exert minimal impacts on the environment. Its specific objectives are to: Identify and evaluate the potential socio-economic effects of the project on the communities including impacts on cultural properties, social infrastructures and natural resources; Establish the baseline condition of the environment; Assess the potential environmental, social and health impacts of the project on the biophysical, social and health components of the environment; Provide appropriate mitigation measures for negative impacts and make recommendations aimed at sustaining/enhancing the beneficial impacts of the projects on the environment; ESIA OF ERASKON NIGERIA LTD 50,000 LITRES LUBRICATING OIL BLENDING PLANT IN IZEIBOU BUSH, TUNAMA COMMUNITY, GBARAN CLAN, YENAGOA LGA, BAYELSA STATE 2 Determine and document the sources of impact from the project activities and identify the environmental, social and health components which are critical to the impacts; and Develop a cost effective Environmental & Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the project. 1.4 Terms of Reference of the Project In compliance with the EIA Procedural Guidelines of 1995, the ESIA Terms of Reference (ToR) for the proposed project was submitted by Eraskon Nigeria Limited to the Department of Petroleum Resources (DPR) and the Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv) for approval. The ToR for the ESIA of the proposed project was developed through extensive stakeholder consultation at the initial stages of project conception, and approved by DPR and the FMEnv. The consultation was organized in order to identify and define the project activities and aspects that may have significant environmental effects as well as scope the environmental baseline data needed as basis for impact assessment. As contained in the Terms of Reference (ToR) the study will address the potential environmental impacts associated with the proposed project. These potential impacts will be assessed through, but not limited to the following: Soil contamination studies; Hydrological investigation; Meteorological/weather investigation of site; Noise studies (both Baseline and Operational) – impacts of noise and air quality; Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) – Impacts on ecology, fauna and floral, impacts on heritage sites, impacts on visual quality and aesthetics, impacts on the social environment. ESIA OF ERASKON NIGERIA LTD 50,000 LITRES LUBRICATING OIL BLENDING PLANT IN IZEIBOU BUSH, TUNAMA COMMUNITY, GBARAN CLAN, YENAGOA LGA, BAYELSA STATE 3 In addition, these specialist studies are to be undertaken in two phases: A desktop scoping study, wherein potential issues associated with all alternatives identified are evaluated and the preferred alternative nominated for consideration in the ESIA phase; A detailed assessment of potentially significant impacts associated with the preferred alternative identified in the scoping phase. This shall include practical and achievable mitigation measures recommended in order to minimize potentially significant impacts identified. These recommendations shall be included within the draft Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP). Sequel to the above and in consonance with the laws and regulations operational in Nigeria, the Terms of Reference for this ESIA study is as captured below: Establish the baseline for the existing environmental conditions of the project area. The baseline environmental data for the project area shall involve field surveys to determine current status of environmental components including (Air, water, and soil quality as well as noise level and biodiversity. Air Quality - Ambient air quality and pollution trends in terms of SO2, CO2, NO2, NO, NH3, H2S, SPM, O2, CO, etc . Noise level - Noise level determination in (dB). Water Quality - Assessment of physical, chemical and biological analysis of both surface and ground water. Soil Quality - Soil Physical, chemical and biological analysis; Soil erosion and channel erosion sites; Auger and profile samples to be taken to determine morphological, physical and chemical properties; Assessment of geomorphic features. ESIA OF ERASKON NIGERIA LTD 50,000 LITRES LUBRICATING OIL BLENDING PLANT IN IZEIBOU BUSH, TUNAMA COMMUNITY, GBARAN CLAN, YENAGOA LGA, BAYELSA STATE 4 . Biodiversity/Ecological Studies . To determine ecological species including composition, density, general biodiversity etc. Waste Management . Identify current waste management system of the project area; . Assess the likely waste type/classes from the proposed project; . Forecast proposed project waste quantification; and . Compile a comprehensive waste management handling and disposal system. With the aid of concise climatic data, describe the general climatic pattern of the project area particularly in terms of wind speed & direction, temperature, humidity, rainfall etc. Study and present study area data/details on topography, geomorphology, geology, natural hazard, drainage pattern, hydrology, and hydrogeology, land use pattern, cropping pattern etc. Data will be supported by relevant maps where applicable. Present details of environment sensitives such as ecology, water bodies, defence, habitation, industries, major transportation media (road, rail etc.) wetlands, natural hazards, archaeological, religious, tourism and historical monuments/places etc. 2km radius of the surrounding project site. Present details of demography, occupational pattern, general amenities, cropping pattern, practices used for agriculture & irrigation specific to the project area. Carryout a thorough and comprehensive stakeholder’s workshop/public consultation as part of socio-economic assessment. ESIA OF ERASKON NIGERIA LTD 50,000 LITRES LUBRICATING OIL BLENDING PLANT IN IZEIBOU BUSH, TUNAMA COMMUNITY, GBARAN CLAN, YENAGOA LGA, BAYELSA STATE 5 Carryout door to door survey for the assessment of the socio- economic assessment of the project area with a target of not less than 250 households. Focus group discussions shall also be carried out for different groups (men, women, youths, and elderly) within the community. Identify and rank all project associated impacts for the pre- construction, construction, operation, and decommissioning phases of the project. Develop control strategies with a view to mitigate and ameliorate project potential and associated impacts. Recommend measures to increase
Load more

Recommended publications
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study of Some Lipid Contents of Selected Fishes in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
    IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402,p- ISSN: 2319-2399.Volume 10, Issue 10 Ver. I (Oct. 2016), PP 92-99 www.iosrjournals.org Comparative Study of Some Lipid Contents of Selected Fishes in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. O.O. Ezomoh1 and C. H. Madukosiri2* 1,2Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Nigeria. (*correspondent Author’s email: [email protected] Abstract: The present study compared the fatty acids, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) of four commercially important fresh-water fish species, Clarias gariepinus (CG), Oreochromis niloticus (ON), Synodontis budgetti (SB), and Mormyrops deliciosus MD), using Gas Chromatographic and High Performance Lipid Chromatographic methods. Results showed that the percent polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) determined from CG were, 35.709, 14.310, 45.845 and 32.345, from Amassoma, Swali, Tombia (in Bayelsa State, South-South of Nigeria) and Lagos rivers respectively. The prominent omega-3 fatty acid determined were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); while the major omega-6 fatty acid was eicosatetraenoic acid (AA). Cholesterol content of fishes from the study rivers ranged from 5.080 to 5.570 (mg/100g DW) and was more or less significantly lower than that from Lagos river (in a populous city in the South-west of Nigeria), (p < 0.05). Cholesterol, HDL and LDL content in the four fish species were according to the decreasing order CG > ON >SR .MD. For the HDL content of fish, higher value was obtained from Amassoma than those of Swali and Tombia rivers but (with the exception of that of O.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish, Various Invertebrates
    Zambezi Basin Wetlands Volume II : Chapters 7 - 11 - Contents i Back to links page CONTENTS VOLUME II Technical Reviews Page CHAPTER 7 : FRESHWATER FISHES .............................. 393 7.1 Introduction .................................................................... 393 7.2 The origin and zoogeography of Zambezian fishes ....... 393 7.3 Ichthyological regions of the Zambezi .......................... 404 7.4 Threats to biodiversity ................................................... 416 7.5 Wetlands of special interest .......................................... 432 7.6 Conservation and future directions ............................... 440 7.7 References ..................................................................... 443 TABLE 7.2: The fishes of the Zambezi River system .............. 449 APPENDIX 7.1 : Zambezi Delta Survey .................................. 461 CHAPTER 8 : FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS ................... 487 8.1 Introduction ................................................................. 487 8.2 Literature review ......................................................... 488 8.3 The Zambezi River basin ............................................ 489 8.4 The Molluscan fauna .................................................. 491 8.5 Biogeography ............................................................... 508 8.6 Biomphalaria, Bulinis and Schistosomiasis ................ 515 8.7 Conservation ................................................................ 516 8.8 Further investigations .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ghana Food Manufacturing Study
    Ghana Food Manufacturing Study Commissioned by the Netherlands Enterprise Agency Ghana Food Manufacturing Industry Report An Analysis of Ghana’s Aquaculture, Fruits & Vegetable, and Poultry Processing Sectors 1 Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................. 7 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................................. 8 SECTION 1: AQUACULTURE SECTOR ........................................................................................................... 10 Executive Summary Aquaculture Sector .................................................................................................... 10 1. OVERVIEW OF AQUACULTURE SECTOR IN GHANA ................................................................................ 11 2. VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS: TILAPIA PROCESSING ..................................................................................... 13 2.1 Fingerlings Production ......................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Fish Feed .............................................................................................................................................. 15 2.3 Tilapia Primary Production ................................................................................................................... 16 2.3.1 Scale of production .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity of Fish Fauna in River Niger at Agenebode, Edo State, Nigeria
    Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. ISSN 1110 – 6131 Vol. 23(4): 159- 166 (2019) www.ejabf.journals.ekb.eg Biodiversity of Fish Fauna in River Niger at Agenebode, Edo State, Nigeria Agbugui M. Onwude*1, Abhulimen E. Fran1, Inobeme Abel2 and Olori Eric2 1- Department of Biological Sciences, Edo University Iyamho, 2- Department of Chemistry, Edo University Iyamho, *Corresponding Author: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: The River Niger is blessed with diverse fish species and aquatic life. Received: Aug. 15, 2019 The study of the fish fauna and biodiversity along the River Niger was Accepted: Sept. 29, 2019 conducted from October 2016 to December 2018. A total of 35 species Online: Oct. 2019 belonging to 18 families were obtained from this study. New to this River as _______________ regards literature are the family Solidae and Catostomidae. The sole fish (Solea solea) (0.16%) with only 1 representation while the Catastomids were Keywords: represented by 3 species; Ictiobus niger (1.73%), Ictiobus cyprinellus River Niger (2.20%), Ictiobus bubalus (2.52%). Other species obtained were the Agenebode Mormyrus rume 3.93%, Polyterus bichir (2.99%) and Protopterus annectens Edo State (7.08%). The most abundant of species observed was Gymnarchus niloticus Nigeria (8.49%) of the family Gymnarchidae while the least was Solea solea (0.16%). fish fauna The biodiversity indices revealed that Station 2 had the most evenly Biodiversity distributed species and the most of diverse species though Station 1 had the Management most number of species.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Species Diversity, Abundance and Distribution in the Major Water Bodies in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
    Biodiversity International Journal Review Article Open Access Fish species diversity, abundance and distribution in the major water bodies in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria Abstract Volume 4 Issue 1 - 2020 Akwa Ibom State is one of the largest oil producing States in Nigeria. Unfortunately, this Essien-Ibok MA, Isemin NL State like every other Niger Delta region has gone through devastation and marginalization Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environmental over the years; a consequent of exploration and its attendant oil spillage, gas flaring and Management, University of Uyo, Nigeria climate change. A review of fish composition, diversity and distribution of the major water bodies in Akwa Ibom State was carried out on spatial and temporal scales, with a view to Correspondence: Essien-Ibok MA, Department of Fisheries assessment of the fisheries. Water bodies reviewed were of Cross River, Imo River and and Aquatic Environmental Management, University of Uyo, Qua Iboe River Eco-zones. The review revealed that Cross River is richer when compared Nigeria, Tel 2348085944125, Email to either Imo or Qua Iboe Rivers. However, a careful management strategy and routine monitoring are critical for the improvement and sustenance of the fisheries Received: February 05, 2020 | Published: February 14, 2020 Keywords: South eastern Nigeria, physico-chemical parameters, climate change, fish species composition and distribution Introduction ecosystems. Their full extent cannot be accurately stated as it varies with season and from year to year depending on
    [Show full text]
  • Desempeño Biológico De Juveniles De Totoaba Macdonaldi Aclimatados A
    Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California Doctorado en Ciencias en Acuicultura Desempeño biológico de juveniles de Totoaba macdonaldi aclimatados a diferentes temperaturas y alimentados con distintos niveles de inclusión de harina de soya en la dieta Tesis para cubrir parcialmente los requisitos necesarios para obtener el grado de Doctor en Ciencias Presenta: Eloy Eduardo Yen Ortega Ensenada, Baja California, México 2020 Tesis defendida por Eloy Eduardo Yen Ortega y aprobada por el siguiente Comité Dra. Mónica Hernández Rodríguez Dr. Juan Gabriel Correa Reyes Codirectora de tesis Codirector de tesis Miembros del comité Dra. Ma. del Refugio González Esparza Dr. Benjamín Barón Sevilla Dr. Daniel Badillo Zapata _____________________________________ Dra. Fabiola Lafarga De la Cruz Cordinadora del posgrado en Acuicultura ____________________________________ Dra. Rufina Hernández Martínez Directora de estudios de Posgrado Eloy Eduardo Yen Ortega © 2020 Queda prohibida la reproducción parcial o total de esta obra sin el permiso formal y explícito del autor y director de la tesis ii Resumen de la tesis que presenta Eloy Eduardo Yen Ortega como requisito parcial para la obtención del grado de Doctor en Ciencias en Acuicultura. Desempeño biológico de juveniles de Totoaba macdonaldi aclimatados a diferentes temperaturas y alimentados con distintos niveles de inclusión de harina de soya en la dieta Resumen aprobado por: Dra. Mónica Hernández Rodríguez Dr. Juan Gabriel Correa Reyes Codirectora de tesis Codirector de tesis En el presente trabajo se evaluaron los parámetros de crecimiento, índices productivos, la composición de ácidos grasos en el músculo, los parámetros sanguíneos, la preferencia térmica y la resistencia térmica de juveniles de Totoaba macdonaldi en respuesta a la temperatura de aclimatación (23, 26 y 29 °C) y al remplazo del 32, 43 y 56% de la harina de pescado (HP) por harina de soya (HS) en la dieta.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Diversity, Community Structure, Feeding Ecology, and Fisheries of Lower Omo River and the Ethiopian Part of Lake Turkana, East Africa
    Fish Diversity, Community Structure, Feeding Ecology, and Fisheries of Lower Omo River and the Ethiopian Part of Lake Turkana, East Africa Mulugeta Wakjira Addis Ababa University June 2016 Cover photos: Lower Omo River at Omorate town about 50 km upstream of the delta (upper photo); Lake Turkana from Ethiopian side (lower photo). © Mulugeta Wakjira and Abebe Getahun Fish diversity, Community structure, Feeding ecology, and Fisheries of lower Omo River and the Ethiopian part of Lake Turkana, East Africa Mulugeta Wakjira A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Zoological Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology (Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences) June 2016 ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE PROGRAM This is to certify that the thesis prepared by Mulugeta Wakjira entitled, "Fish Diversity, Community Structure, Feeding Ecology, and Fisheries of lower Omo River and the Ethiopian part of Lake Turkana, East Africa", and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology (Fisheries and Aquatic Science) complies with the regulations of the university and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the Examining Committee Examiner (external): Dr. Leo Nagelkerke Signature ____________ Date_________ Examiner (internal): Dr. Elias Dadebo Signature ____________ Date_________ Advisor: Dr. Abebe Getahun Signature ____________ Date__________ ____________________________________________________________ Chair of Department or Graduate Program Coordinator Abstract Ethiopia has a freshwater system in nine major drainage basins which fall into four ichthyofaunal provinces and one subprovince. Omo-Turkana Basin, spanning considerable geographic area in southwestern Ethiopia and northern Kenya, essentially consists of Omo River (also known as Omo-Gibe) and Lake Turkana.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Some Saltwater and Freshwater Fish Species of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
    Catalogue of Some Saltwater and Freshwater Fish Species of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria Ekinadose Orose, Edafe Odioko and Okechukwu Kenneth Wokeh * Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Hydrobiology and Fisheries Unit, University of Port Harcourt, PMB 5323, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 2021, 09(03), 056–084 Publication history: Received on 29 January 2021; revised on 27 February 2021; accepted on 01 March 2021 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.3.0075 Abstract The study was done to review some saltwater and freshwater fish species in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The Niger Delta is one of the most prominent regions in Nigeria, endowed with several water bodies that are distributed as freshwater like rivers, lakes, streams and creeks. These freshwater ecosystems in the region, are abundantly endowed with fish species such as Clarias gariepinus, Pila ovate, Labeo coubie, Synodontis budgetti and Synodontis eupterus. Apart from the freshwaters, the region also has vast marine ecosystem with abundance of fish species such as Elops lacerta, Mugil cephalus, Thais coronata, Periophthalmus papilio, Tympanotonus fuscatus, and Sardinella maderensis. Unfortunately, many of these fish species are endangered due to constant pollution in the Niger delta regional coastal environment. As a result, it is important to document some available freshwater and marine water fish species which will serve as a reference material for both academics and research institutions, should any of the fish species go into extinction. Keywords: Extinction, Coastal Waters, Marine Diversity, Niger Delta 1. Introduction Nigeria’s coastal waters fall within the Guinea Current Large Ecosystem (GCLME), a shared resource by all the coastal West African countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Physico-Chemical Parameters, Plankton, Macrozoobenthos and Fish Fauna of Ibuya River, Sepeteri, South-Western Nigeria
    PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS, PLANKTON, MACROZOOBENTHOS AND FISH FAUNA OF IBUYA RIVER, SEPETERI, SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA BY JULIET AVWEROSUO AKPONINE B.Sc (Enugu), M.Sc (Ibadan) Matric No: 153154 A Thesis in the Department of Zoology Submitted to the Faculty of Science in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY of the UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN SEPTEMBER, 2016 i ABSTRACT Ibuya River runs across the Old Oyo National Park, a wildlife and recreational park. There is paucity of information on the limnology of the river which will provide information on the ecological status relevant for sustainable management. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the physico-chemical parameters, diversity and abundance of plankton, macrozoobenthos and fish fauna of Ibuya River. Surface water (72), plankton (72) and macrozoobenthic (72) samples were collected monthly from September 2012 to February 2014 at randomly selected stations (i-iv) along the river. Water temperature, pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) were measured in situ, while hardness, turbidity, phosphate (PO₄3˗), sulphate (SO₄2-), heavy metals including cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe) and lead (Pb), were determined in the laboratory according to APHA method. Plankton samples were collected with plankton net (mesh size, 55µm), identified and counted microscopically. Macrozoobenthos were collected with Van-Veen grab (0.086 m2), identified and counted macroscopically. Fish samples were collected with gill net (mesh size 45mm), identified and counted. All identifications including pollution indicator species were done using standard identification keys. Species diversity was determined with Shannon-Wiener index HI. Descriptive statistics, student t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used for analysis of data at α0.05.
    [Show full text]
  • (Eflows) Assessments for the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) Region
    Guidelines on Environmental Flows (EFlows) Assessments for the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region i Check that this page complies with most recent approved UNEP format Published by the United Nations Environment Programme/Nairobi Convention Secretariat. Copyright © Nairobi Convention 2019. All rights reserved: The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Contracting Parties to the Nairobi Convention. Rights and Permissions: The information in this report is copyrighted, therefore, copying and/or transmitting portions of this report without permission of the Nairobi Convention may be a violation of applicable law. However, the Nairobi Convention encourages dissemination and use of the materials in this report. Disclaimer: This publication has been produced with the kind assistance of the various governments, United Nations Agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations, Civil Society Organizations, as well as of individuals with financial support from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). However, the report is copyrighted entirely to the Nairobi Convention. Compiled and prepared by: Cate Brown and Jackie King, with contributions from Lara Van Niekerk and Susan Taljaard. Citation: UNEP-Nairobi Convention/WIOMSA (2019). Guidelines on Environmental Flows (EFlows) Assessments for the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region. UNEP, Nairobi, XXXpp. ISBN: XXXX ii Table of Contents 1 Introduction ...............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Malapterurus Minjiriya ERSS
    Malapterurus minjiriya (a catfish, no common name) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, February 2012 Revised, July 2018, August 2018 Web Version, 8/31/2018 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2018): “Africa: known from Niger River [Mali, Nigeria] and Volta River system [Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo] [Norris 2002, 2003]. Also in the White Nile (Barro and Alvero Rivers) [Ethiopia], and Omo River [Ethiopia]; possibly also in Chad and Senegal basins but has not been collected here [Norris 2002].” “[In Nigeria:] Occurs in the middle [Norris 2002, 2003] and lower Niger [Olaosebikan and Raji 1998; Norris 2002] and the Niger delta [Norris 2003], including the rivers Sokoto, Rima, Nun, Benue and Taraba [Norris 2002], and in lakes Kainji [Olaosebikan and Raji 1998; Norris 2002] and Okoso [Norris 2002]. Type locality: Lake Kainji [Eschmeyer 1998].” According to Olaosebikan and Lalèyè (2010), Malapterpurus mijiriya is also located in Ouémé River in Benin. 1 Status in the United States No records of Malapterurus minjiriya in trade or in the wild in the United States were found. The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission has listed the electric catfish M. minjiriya as a prohibited species. Prohibited nonnative species (FFWCC 2018), “are considered to be dangerous to the ecology and/or the health and welfare of the people of Florida. These species are not allowed to be personally possessed or used for commercial activities.” Means of Introductions in the United States No records of Malapterurus minjiriya in the wild in the United States were found.
    [Show full text]