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Sambahsa Mundialect Complete Grammar

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Sambahsa Mundialect Complete Grammar Sambahsa Mundialect Complete Grammar Henrique Matheus da Silva Lima Revision: Dr. Olivier Simon Version: !.!9.! IMPORTANT NOTES ABOUT LEGAL ISSUES This grammar is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 license. You are free to: Share – copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt – remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. You must give appropriate credit, provide a lin to the license, and indicate if changes !ere made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any !ay that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits. "ere is the lin for more information# https#$$creativecommons.org$licenses$by$4.0$deed.en %or the elaboration of this grammar, The Grammar Of Sambahsa-Mundialect In English by &r. 'livier (imon !as used. (ome subchapters of this grammar are practically a transcription of 'livier)s book. &r. (imon has given me permission to do so, even considering the license of this book. *)ve also utilized many examples from The Grammar Of Sambahsa-Mundialect In English and others that Dr. Simon made for me. *t)s very important to inform the reader that the language it!elf ! not under a "reat #e "o$$on! l %en!e or anyth ng l ke that, the language is under the traditional Copyright license in !hich &r. 'livier (imon has all property rights. But the language ! free, you can translate your !orks or produce original !orks !ithout the need of &r. 'livier (imon)s permission, even if it is for commercial purposes , in other words, you can !rite books in Sambahsa and sell them without any worry. En.oy this beautiful language. Th ! gra$$ar wa! tran!lated fro$ Brazilian Portugue!e to Engl !h* +e are waiting for a#aila,le nat #e !peaker! to re# !e the Engl !h te-t* A".NO+LE/GMENTS * than &r. 'livier (imon for making himself available for ans!ering my questions and giving me many examples. I must thank him t!ice because he had all the patience in the world for me. He is almost the coauthor of this book. * than (ylvain Auclair, 1artín 3inc4n Botero and 5ustin 6agnon, who helped me a lot. I also thank Cale Short and Kate Moss for revising fe! parts of the English text. TABLE OF "ONTENTS INTRO/U"TION*************************************************************************************************************** 1 WHY LEARN AN AUXILIARY LANGUAGE? WE ALREADY HAVE ENGLISH....................3 (' A3- Y'U A60*9ST T"- E96:*(" L096806-;.....................................................< BUT WHY LEARN SAMBAHSA? WE ALREADY HAVE ESPERANTO...............................4 IS SAMBAHSA DIFFICULT?...........................................................................................4 SAMBAHSA'S VOCABULARY.........................................................................................6 METHO/OLOGY O0 TEA"HING***************************************************************************************3 YOU DON'T NEED TO LEARN EVERYTHING................................................................8 TIPS FOR STUDYING A LANGUAGE..............................................................................9 ALPHABET AN/ PRONUN"IATION********************************************************************************14 SOME ENGLISH WORDS IN IPA AND SPT.................................................................. 3 A LAST VISIT TO THE ALPHABET AND THE NAME OF THE LANGUAGE.................... 4 WE ARE NOT FINISHED YET! SOME CONVENTIONS................................................. " T"- L-TT-3 =->#............................................................................................................?@ T"- L-TT-3 =">#............................................................................................................?A VOWELS....................................................................................................................... # T"- L-TT-3( =B” A9& =Y>#...........................................................................................?C CONSONANTS............................................................................................................. # MORE REMAR$S......................................................................................................... 9 STRESS ACCENT IN SAMBAHSA................................................................................. 9 0:B0YS R-C-*D-S ACC-9T80T*'9...........................................................................?E 9-D-3 IS ACC-9T80T-&.............................................................................................F0 IF YOU FOUND SOME SOUNDS VERY DIFFICULT.....................................................% SELLAMAT!********************************************************************************************************************** 66 USE0UL +OR/S AN/ SENTEN"ES********************************************************************************67 THE /E"LENSION "ASES*********************************************************************************************** 68 TABLE OF DECLENSION CASES.................................................................................%6 EN/INGS WITH /E"LENSIONS*************************************************************************************69 EXPLANATION............................................................................................................ %9 THE ARTI"LES**************************************************************************************************************** :1 DEFINITE ARTICLES................................................................................................... 3 INDEFINITE ARTICLE................................................................................................. 3 HOW TO SAY THE "ON;UN"TIONS <AN/= AN/ <OR=***************************************************:: POSSESSION******************************************************************************************************************* :> DIFFERENCE OF USE OF PREPOSITION OF POSSESSION AND GENITIVE CASE....34 OTHER PREPOSITIONS OF POSSESSION..................................................................3" NAMES O0 PLA"ES WITH "ATEGORY****************************************************************************:8 A/;E"TI?ES******************************************************************************************************************** :@ COMPARISONS........................................................................................................... 4& PLURAL**************************************************************************************************************************** >6 SOMEA 0E+A MANY AN/ OTHERS***********************************************************************************>> ARE YOU A BIT CONFUSE WITH SO MANY 'MUCHS( AND 'FEWS(?.........................4" NUMBERS************************************************************************************************************************ >8 TIME******************************************************************************************************************************** 74 "ORRELATI?ES AN/ SOME IMPORTANT +OR/S********************************************************76 THE ?ERBS********************************************************************************************************************** 77 PRESENT..................................................................................................................... "" BRIEF EXPLANATION ABOUT THE NASAL INFIX......................................................"# PAST TENSE................................................................................................................. "8 0CT80::Y T"-3- A3- TB' B0YS O% R-G3-(-9T*96 T"- P0ST.........................@E INFINITIVE................................................................................................................. 6& T"- USE O% T"- PR-G'(*T*'9 =0&> B*T" D-3BS IN T"- IN%*9*T*D-................A0 FUTURE...................................................................................................................... 6 T"- N-03 F8T83-.......................................................................................................AF FUTURE PERFECT...................................................................................................... 6% SUB)UNCTIVE............................................................................................................. 63 IMPERATIVE............................................................................................................... 63 CONDITIONAL............................................................................................................ 64 BUT B"0T AB'UT D-3BS T"0T A:3-0&Y F*9*(" BIT" =*->;...............................A@ G0ST C'9&IT*'90: T' EHG3-SS A =%UT83- O% T"- P0ST>.................................A@ CATEGORIES OF VERBAL STEMS...............................................................................6" 90(0: IN%*H-(..............................................................................................................A@ D-3BS BIT" =-"” + C'9('909T..............................................................................AC D-3BS BIT" =-U” A9& =-*>.........................................................................................AC D-3BS BIT" =0>.............................................................................................................AC T"- D'9 B0": R8:-(.................................................................................................AJ
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