THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INSTITUTE OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES OF RAS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGES: FACTS, TRENDS, FORECAST 1 (19) 2012 The journal is published according to the decision of RAS economic institutions’ administration in the North-West federal district Institute of Socio-Economic and Energy Problems of the North Komi scientific centre of the Ural RAS department (Komi Republic) Institute of Economics of Karelian scientific centre of RAS (Karelia Republic) G.P. Luzin Institute of Economic Problems of Kola scientific centre of RAS (the Murmansk region) Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of RAS (the Vologda region) and according to the decision of St. Petersburg State University of Engineering and Economics administration and other RF regions Institute of Social and Economic Research of Ufa Science Centre of RAS (Bashkortostan Republic) The decision of Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian MES (№6/6, dated 19.02.2010) the journal is included in the list of leading scientific editions, recommended for publication of the main results of dissertations for the degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences. Editorial council: RAS academician V.L. Makarov (Moscow, Russia) RAS academician V.V. Ivanter (Moscow, Russia) RAS academician V.V. Okrepilov (St. Petersburg, Russia) Belarus NAS academician P.A. Vityaz (Minsk, Belarus) Belarus NAS academician P.G. Nikitenko (Minsk, Belarus) RAS corresponding member V.N. Lazhentsev (Syktyvkar, Russia) Professor J. Sapir (Paris, France) Doctor of Economics, professor S.D. Valentey (Moscow, Russia) Doctor of Economics, professor D.A. Gaynanov (Ufa, Russia) Doctor of Economics, professor V.A. Ilyin (Vologda, Russia) Professor M. Kivinen (Helsinki, Finland) Doctor of Sociology, professor I.V. Kotlyarov (Minsk, Belarus) Doctor of Economics, professor S.V. Kuznetsov (St. Petersburg, Russia) Doctor of Economics, professor F.D. Larichkin (Apatity, Russia) Doctor of Technics, professor A.V. Putilov (Moscow, Russia) Doctor of Technical Sciences Yu.Ya. Chukreev (Syktyvkar, Russia) Doctor of Technics, professor A.I. Shishkin (Petrozavodsk, Russia) Doctor, professor Zhang Shuhua (Beijing, China) Professor Wu Enyuan (Beijing, China) Chief editor – V.A. Ilyin Editorial board: Doctor of Economics, professor L.A. Anosova Doctor of Economics, professor A.G. Vorobyov Doctor of Economics, professor E.S. Gubanova Ph.D. in History K.A. Gulin (deputy chief editor) Ph.D. in Economics K.A. Zadumkin Ph.D. in Economics G.V. Leonidova Ph.D. in Economics M.F. Sychev (deputy chief editor) Ph.D. in Economics S.V. Terebova Doctor of Economics T.V. Uskova, Doctor of Economics A.A. Shabunova Opinions presented in the articles can differ from the editorial board’s point of view Authors of the articles are responsible for the material selected and stated. ISSN 1998-0698 © ISEDT RAS, 2012 Internet address: http://esc.vscc.ac.ru CONTENT FROM THE CHIEF EDITOR Ilyin V.A. To the political cycle results ............................................................................... 5 STATE AND ECONOMY Gubanov S.S. Is the global recession possible in 2012? ...................................................... 13 DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Fadeev A.M., Cherepovitsyn A.E., Larichkin F.D. Sustainable development of a new extractive region in the oil and gas project activity on the Arctic shelf ........ 22 Babich L.V., Leonidova G.V. Private public partnership in education: a model of human capital management ................................................................................. 32 BRANCH-WISE AND REGIONAL ECONOMY Ivanov V.A. Sustainable agricultural sector development of the North zone: state, factors, directions ..................................................................................... 43 Pechatkin V.V. Formation and development of clusters in Russian regions: key issues and solutions (Republic of Bashkortostan) ................................................ 58 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Shabunova A.A. Social and cultural portrait of the region in the context of changes during 2008 – 2010 .................................................................................. 65 Toropushina E.E. Policy priorities in the health protection sector of a Northern region .... 76 INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT Kurikov V.M., Bessonova T.N. Substantiation of the priorities of the regional oil-and-gas complex development ............................................................................... 84 Touinova S.S. Challenges and opportunities of lifelong learning in the field of energy efficiency and new energy ......................................................................... 91 PUBLIC FINANCE Avetisyan I.A. The budget process as a tool for managing the public and municipal finances .................................................................................................. 102 Pechenskaya M.A., Uskova T.V. Topical issues of the improvement of intergovernmental dealings in the system of local government ............................................... 115 YOUNG RESEARCHERS Chapargina A.N. Influence of investment subsystem on the region’s socio-economic development ........................................................................................... 125 Vorotnikova N.S. The practice of national education financing in the second half of the XIX century – the beginning of the XX century (based on the materials of the Vologda province) ................................................ 133 DISCUSSION TRIBUNE Beznin M.A., Dimony T.M. The victory of capitalism in Russia: history and myths ......... 139 Information about authors ........................................................................................... 143 Requirements to manuscripts ....................................................................................... 147 Information about subscription .................................................................................... 149 FROM THE CHIEF EDITOR To the political cycle results The previous issue of our journal summed the results of the elec- tions to the State Duma of the RF Federal Assembly of the sixth convocation, which took place on December 4, 20111. The power party “United Russia” lost 12 million voters. Having the constitutional majority in the Fifth Duma (315 seats out of 450), the party got hardly 238 deputy mandates, which was only 12 man- dates more than the simple majority of the Duma. Vladimir A. The constitutional majority of the deputies of the Firth State ILYIN Duma turned a deaf ear to the proposals of the opposing parliamen- Doctor of Economics tary parties, experts and civil society to hold a number of political Professor and economic measures to restrain the oligarchic rules in the econ- Honored Scientist of the RF Director of ISEDT RAS omy, abolish the corrupt ties between state officials, security, defence [email protected] and law enforcement agencies and the representatives of big business. According to some experts2, if the State Duma makes the decisions on these issues in time, it would have opportunity to double the budget that would reduce social stratification and take serious measures to address the problems of social justice. Why did the ruling elite and its representatives in the parlia- mentary faction of “United Russia” omit to do these obvious steps? One of the well-known experts characterizes the situation like this, “The bureaucratic monopolization of the Russian economy has assumed the global dimensions. High bureaucracy has become oli- garchic towering over the society not only by virtue of its status privileges, but also because of the size of its capital. The oligarchic bureaucrats control the whole industrial sectors, get away from the requirements of market economy and carry out their monopolistic dictates. 1 Ilyin V.A. From the Chief Editor. Economic and social changes: facts, trends, forecasts. 2011. Nо. 6 (18). P. 10. 2 Speech of V.L. Inozemtsev in the program “What is to be done?” by V. Tretyakov on the TV channel “Culture”. September 18, 2011. Economical and social changes: facts, trends, forecast 1 (19) 2012 5 To the political cycle results At the same time, their abilities to improve A candidate for the President of the Russian economic and social efficiency of production, Federation Vladimir V. Putin points out the implement innovations and expand their posi- actual assessments of changes in the economy tions in the foreign markets are too restricted. It over the period from 1991 till 2011 in the series is evident, that their organizational, managerial of his articles across the spectrum of the systemic and intellectual potentials are narrow”3. developmental problems of the country until There were many examples of the influence 2020, “In fact, there was a large-scale deindus- of the largest owners’ interests on the national trialization, with a loss of quality and the struc- and regional development on the pages of our ture of production becoming too simple, which journal4. explains our excessive dependence on the import The Government and the State Duma did of consumer goods, technology and complex not create effective mechanisms to oppose the products, as well as on the fluctuation of prices oligarchic structure in the economy that led to of our main export goods. These are factors over the serious losses in the federal and regional which we have, by and large, no control”5. budgets. 40% of the Russian gross domestic product According to the analysis of ISEDT RAS, is created