Landfall: the Starting Point of the Pipelines
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from the Russian gas transportation system transportation gas Russian the from into the Nord Stream offshore pipelines pipelines offshore Stream Nord the into In Portovaya Bay, near Vyborg, gas is fed fed is gas Vyborg, near Bay, Portovaya In VYBORG – the Russian Coast Russian the Safe Operations Landfall: A TOWN AT A Connecting Hub Begins on on Begins THE CROSSROADS Gas Transport Transport Gas Start at The Starting Point OF CULTURES on the Russian Coast Portovaya Bay Vyborg is a Russian city with a 700-year history that still bears The Landfall facility through up to date diagnostics, adjusted in terms of pressure of the Pipelines the hallmarks of old Europe. Its maintenance and repair tech- and volume as well as temper- The initial section of the Nord Stream Pipelines on at Portovaya Bay in the Russian shore is vitally important to the safe narrow winding paved streets niques. The UGSS of Russia is ature, before being transported with low buildings and summer Russia is the logistical controlled round-the-clock by further. The OPAL pipeline links operation of the entire gas transport system. In cafés as well as its medieval link between the Uni- Gazprom’s Central Operations Nord Stream with the existing order to transport gas over a distance of 1,224 kilo- monuments create a special fied Gas Transport Sys- and Dispatching Department, European natural gas transport metres, a powerful compressor station is needed cosy atmosphere the year tem of Russia and the which ensures uninterrupted systems. It is capable of trans- to build sufficient pressure of nearly 220 bar. It is round. At different periods of Nord Stream Pipelines. natural gas delivery to consum- porting more than 36 billion cu- located in Portovaya. its history, the town was influ- Natural gas arrives ers in Russia and abroad. bic metres of gas annually. This enced by Swedish, German, amount is enough to supply a here from northern Finnish and Russian cultures. Transport by Nord Stream third of Germany with natural The starting point of the Nord Stream pipeline system is located on the Initially, the territory was part Russia through the The gas travels a distance of gas for a year. The pipeline runs shores of the Baltic Sea at Portovaya Bay, 60 kilometres from Vyborg, of Novgorod Principality and Gryazovets-Vyborg about 2,850 kilometres from south from Lubmin to Brandov, in the Leningrad oblast. The pipelines start with an onshore section served as a convenient trade pipeline and is pre- northern Russia to Vyborg. in the Czech Republic. Since 1.5 kilometres away from the sea. It is connected to the Compressor point on the route from the pared in a compressor There, the natural gas is fed the gas loses pressure over the Station Portovaya, the end point of Gazprom’s Gryazovetz-Vyborg Baltic Sea. The fortress named station before it from the Gryazovets-Vyborg long route, it is repressurised to onshore pipeline - part of the Russian Unified Gas Supply System. Vyborg, which translates as pipeline into the Compressor the required level at a compres- The connections between the offshore pipelines and the onshore “holy city” in Swedish, was enters the Nord Stream Station Portovaya. The powerful sor station in Baruth, south of grids are called landfalls. The compressor station, located approx- founded by the Swedish ruler pipeline system. compressor station is managed Berlin. The second pipeline that imately 1.5 kilometres away from the Nord Stream landfall facilities, Torkel Knutson in 1293 with the and operated by Gazprom. links the Nord Stream system brings the gas up to the requisite pressure before feeding it directly aim of spreading Catholicism Here, the gas is pressurized to with the European gas market into the two offshore pipelines via four underground pipelines. From to the East. The city of Vyborg The Nord Stream landfall fa- the required level for the secure is NEL. The NEL pipeline is 441 Portovaya Bay, the gas travels 1,224 kilometres through the Baltic grew around the fortress, and cilities occupy the territory of transport through Nord Stream kilometers long and runs west- Sea to Lubmin in Germany, where it is distributed to European con- merchants from Europe start- around 17 hectares on the shore all the way to Germany without ward across northern Germany sumers via onshore connecting pipelines. The Nord Stream landfall ed to settle and build their of Portovaya Bay – a small piece interim compression. The sta- from Lubmin to Rehden, in Low- In case of emergency, shutdown valves will immediately interrupt the gas flow. facilities on the Russian shore include Pipeline Inspection Gauge residences in Vyborg. Later, it of sea adjoining the Russian tion is located approximately 1.5 er Saxony. The pipeline has a The valves are equipped with actuators which enable them to shut down within two minutes. (PIG) traps, isolation and emergency shutdown valves. The top entry was conquered by Peter the shore near the Finnish border. kilometres away from the Nord capacity of over 20 billion cubic ball valves and gate valves isolate the PIG traps from the pipelines. Great and became the territo- Since November 2011, it has Stream landfall facility. The land- metres each year, which rough- Each gate valve weighs over 100 tonnes and is equipped with an ry of Finland, which was part been a place of international fall facility itself is located on the ly corresponds to one-fifth of What function does the Nord the pipeline will shut down im- independent control system. The valves are designed so as not to of the Russian Empire at that importance as a connecting shore of Portovaya Bay, 1.5 kilo- Germany’s annual consumption. Stream landfall facility in Russia mediately and the facilities will require overhaul throughout the 50-year lifetime of the Nord Stream time. Finally, Vyborg became point between the vast northern metres from the Baltic Sea. The gas from the OPAL and NEL fulfil? be cleared of natural gas. If a fire pipeline system. Two anchor blocks for Line 1 and Line 2 are buried Russian in 1944, when it was Russian gas reserves and the pipelines is transported onward Konstantin Baskov, Technical Di- alarm is triggered, all responsi- nearby. These are necessary to withstand the 2,200-tonne load of conquered by the Soviet Un- offshore infrastructure to trans- As operator, Nord Stream AG to Belgium, Denmark, France, rector: The Nord Stream landfall ble parties will be notified by our the offshore portion of the pipelines. Telemetry data and automation ion. Today Vyborg is an impor- port gas into the European gas provides transport capacities the Netherlands, and the UK, facility is located on the shore of dispatching centre for adequate systems installed on site ensure that the facility and the entire infra- tant industrial centre and port. grid. through its pipeline system. along with other countries. Portovaya Bay near Vyborg. This measures to be taken as quickly structure are operated safely. All process parameters are transmitted It has shipyards and factories Nord Stream AG has entered is the starting point of the offshore as possible. in real-time to the operators in the Control Centre in Zug, Switzerland, producing machinery, electri- Gas from Northern Russia into a gas transportation agree- Gas flow through Line 1 of the pipeline, where natural gas from where Nord Stream operators continuously monitor compliance with cal equipment, construction The gas that flows through the ment with OOO Gazprom export Nord Stream pipeline system northern Russian gas fields ar- What occurs if the compressor the design parameters and gas quality specifications. Gas arriving at materials, furniture and pa- landfall facilities is fed from the to book up to 55 billion stand- began in November 2011. Con- rives via the Russian Unified Gas station delivers more gas than the landfall facilities is fed into the two pipelines which are buried in a per. In 2011, the international Unified Gas Supply System of ard cubic metres (later: cubic struction of Line 2 commenced in Supply System. Before entering the Nord Stream Pipelines can Nord Stream AG cent each, and the Dutch gas have the design capacity to trench running down to the coastline. significance of the city was Russia (UGSS). The UGSS is metres) capacity annually. The May 2011, and it came on stream the Nord Stream landfall com- accept? Nord Stream AG is an infrastructure company Gasunie transport 55 billion cubic metres increased by the launch of the the world’s largest gas trans- pipelines transport gas from the in October 2012. The twin pipe- plex, gas is treated and pressur- KB: The landfall facility in Russia international joint venture Infrastruktur AG (wholly-owned (bcm) of Russian gas per year Nord Stream natural gas pipe- mission system and represents entry point in Russia to the exit lines have the design capacity ised at the Compressor Station is designed for a maximum pres- established for the planning, subsidiary of Gasunie), along to the EU for at least 50 years. line system, which starts from a unique engineering complex point in Germany, where the gas to transport a combined total of Portovaya operated by Gazprom. sure of 220 bar. The Compressor construction and operation of with the French energy provider Both lines run in parallel for 1,224 Portovaya Bay, 60 kilometres encompassing gas production, is received by the connecting about 55 billion cubic metres of The Nord Stream landfall facility Station Portovaya controls the the twin offshore gas pipelines Engie Energy Management kilometres from Portovaya Bay, from Vyborg, and crosses the processing, transmission, stor- OPAL (Baltic Sea Pipeline Link) gas a year – enough to satisfy is also equipped with pipeline in- pipeline pressure and gas inflow through the Baltic Sea.