ISSUE 14 DECEMBER 2012

In-line with success: pigging test loops Safeguarding life, property and the environment © Scanpix

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PI_VM_PIPELINE_MRKT_12-01.indd 1 10/16/12 11:19 AM contents

t e c h n i c a l 26 34 46 JOURNAL OF REGULARS pipeline equipment – pipelayers and 6 From the Editor sidebooms 16 World wrap 33 Increasing safety and efficiency: the sideboom arm Issue 14 | December 2012 18 Project briefs PIPELINE 34 Utility applications on a pipeline 63 Event calendar jobsite 64 Advertisers’ index ENGINEERING United Kingdom 64 Coming in future issues risk assessment (Editorial and Technical) 36 Pipeline risk assessment: risk profiling PO Box 21 around the world Beaconsfield, Bucks HP9 1NS UK 8 Green light for Tioga industry news Tel: +44 1494 675139 | Fax: +44 1494 670155 Revitalising in-service capacity 10 EPC contract awarded for Zubair oil 38 39 Supporting long-line communications TORONTO field (Editorial) 12 Uganda weighs in on South Sudan – 40 Pipeline failure consequence analysis: Tel: +1 416 551 9113 Kenya oil pipeline PipeTech shows the way 13 AGRI undertakes feasibility study 42 A global perspective on pipeline United States geohazards (Sales) 14 Mangala pipeline closer to completion PARLOC re-launches database 16360 Park Ten Place, Suite 109, 15 CFE awards pipeline contract for 43 Houston, TX 77084 Mexico terrain review If you are a pipeline engineer, United States of America The Journal of Pipeline Engineering 44 Working through permafrost: Tel: +1 832 314 2694 region review pipelines in arctic terrain is a vital tool that will keep you 19 Harnessing rich resources: up-to-date on the latest technical Australia South East Asia projects research around the world. (Sales and Subscriptions) 46 Filling the European gap: GPO Box 4967 pigging the NEL pipeline Melbourne, Victoria 3001 Australia 22 Celebrate PPIM’s silver year Published four times a year, it stands Tel: +61 3 9248 5100 | Fax: +61 3 9602 2708 24 Honouring young achievement recruitment alone as the premier technical publication for the pipeline industry. 25 Navigating the bends 48 The ‘dos and don’ts’ of overseas recruitment: Canadian focus 26 Multi-phase test loop construction [email protected] As a peer-reviewed journal it provides initiated in Rio de Janeiro 50 Strategies for crisis management in oil quality information to keep you at the www.pipelinesinternational.com and gas 28 Difficult-to-inspect pipelines meet forefront of industry developments. their match in the Netherlands tributes The publishers welcome editorial contributions from interested 30 Design improvements on a new 52 Remembering Dr Mo Mohitpour Subscription is just $US350 per year parties. However, the publishers do not accept responsibility generation UT in-line inspection crack 53 An industry legend: Willard A. Maxey and also includes access to the for the content of these contributions and the views contained tool: a case study 1930–2012 electronic archive. therein which will not necessarily be the views of the publish- ers. The publishers do not accept responsibility for any claims meet the company event reviews Visit the website to subscribe today. made by advertisers. 31 Creating complete solutions: a look at 54 Pipeline problems fixed in Berlin Lincoln Electric Unless explicitly stated otherwise in writing, by providing edito- 56 Tulsa activates the industry rial material to Great Southern Press (GSP), including text and www.j-pipe-eng.com images you are providing permission for that material to be sub- event Previews sequently used by GSP, whole or in part, edited or unchanged, 58 Finding solutions: unpiggable alone or in combination with other material in any publication pipelines or format in print or online or howsoever distributed, whether produced by GSP and its agents and associates or another party 60 Star-studded line up for LNG 17 to whom GSP has provided permission. 62 Learn best practice in Bahrain

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he multi-million dollar international future editions of the survey will be pipeline pigging industry has enhanced by an independent panel of Tdeveloped to a high level of international technical experts who will sophistication, whether it be for mundane review the data and provide a ranking of the cleaning or batching tasks, or for high-level technologies concerned, and the companies corrosion-feature assessment and integrity providing them, under various headings. management. The range of fluids and gases A sample edition of the survey, without in which pigs can operate is ever increasing, the expert-panel review, will be published and the pipeline geometries and and distributed in time for the annual configurations through which these tools can Pipeline Pigging and Integrity Management pass and carry out their work – while Conference in Houston, to be held from maintaining full operational capacity – is 11–14 February 2013. The first full edition of ever expanding. Furthermore, new pigging the survey will be published in June, 2013, solutions for a wider and wider range of and it is planned to publish updated editions industry problems are continually being annually each February thereafter. Copies developed and brought into service. will be available either individually or by Editor-in-Chief: John Tiratsoo There is thus a vast amount of technology subscription, and subscribers will have Managing Editor: Lyndsie Mewett available concerning what can be achieved, access to the survey online throughout the Associate Editor: Sarah Paul what types of problems can be solved, and period of their subscription. Journalist: Odette Fleming what options of tool and equipment are Sales Manager: Tim Thompson available to suit these solutions. What is not Pigging training Senior Account Manager: David Marsh available is a single information source that As well as classroom-based training Sales Representative: David Entringer provides an overview of the industry and a courses designed to teach delegates about Creative Director: Michelle Cross technical summary of its capabilities, as well pigging and integrity management issues, Acting Design Manager: Bianca Botter as an independent analysis of its capacities to among others, Tiratsoo Technical and Clarion Senior Designers: Susie Monte fulfil its marketing statements. While the Technical Conferences organise a practical Katrina Rolfe industry’s major operator clients probably course on pipeline pigging. Using various test Designers: Venysia Kurniawan have such data to hand, and may even have loops in Brazil, the United States, and Europe, Benjamin Lazaro staff who’s task it is to keep this information the course – which has been developed by USA Manager: Luke Rowohlt updated, there are many operators and others Penspen – offers participants the opportunity Publications and globally who do not have the time or to witness actual pigging operations and Events Co-ordinator: Elizabeth Foster resources to maintain such information show how these should be carried out in a Publisher: Zelda Tupicoff themselves. The valued and annually- safe and efficient manner. published Pigging Products & Services The syllabus combines pigging runs and Association’s (PPSA’s) Buyers’ Guide and ancillary activities (pig tracking, data analysis) Directory of Members goes some way toward with lectures on a wide range of associated A.Hak’s test loop facility, located in the providing such data, and in particular its topics. Tools used range from foam and bi-di issue 14 December 2012 Netherlands, which capabilities chart is to be commended. The cleaning pigs via caliper tools up to high-tech specialises in testing freely-available directory, however, does not inspection equipment. As readers can see on tools for difficult-to- analyse tool and equipment data but provides pages 28–29, one of the latest test loops in the inspect (or ‘unpiggable’) pipelines. For more a general overview of who does what. world (see the cover photo) that has become in-line with success: information on the To meet the need for a more-detailed available for the course to use is at A.Hak pigging test loops facility, turn to pages review of technical data concerning tool Industrial Services in the Netherlands, and a 28 and 29. capabilities, Tiratsoo Technical (a division of course is planned there from 6–10 May 2013. Great Southern Press) and Clarion Technical Subsequently the course, with a specific Publishers are launching the annual Pigging offshore bias, will be held from 3–7 June 2013 ISSN: 1837-1167 Industry Capabilities Survey. The survey will at KTN’s loop in Bergen, Norway. The five-day Follow us on take the form of a hard-copy publication course has already been held ten times at Twitter containing data provided by the pigging other loops – at CTDUT in Rio de Janeiro, and @Pipelines companies themselves which will be edited at NDT in Houston – and consistently receives and summarised into a uniform format to highly-positive comments and appreciation allow comparative analyses to be made. The from those attending. FREE Pipelines International e-newsletter The latest news, events and survey will not only include tool descriptions, @ job listings emailed fortnightly but also diameter ranges and other important SUBSCRIBE NOW performance details. www.pipelinesinternational.com In order to increase its usefulness and relevance for those who may not be completely familiar with all the technologies John Tiratsoo Remember to email your news, views and solutions available, it is planned that Editor-in-Chief and article ideas to [email protected]

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6 Pipelines International | December 2012 around the world

Green light for Tioga

The United States Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has given approval to Alliance Pipeline, allowing the company to move ahead with construction preparations for its Tioga Lateral Pipeline project in North Dakota.

he US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued its Tapproval in late September 2012 for Alliance Pipeline’s 127.6 km long, 12 inch diameter lateral pipeline that will connect After years of providing specialist new natural gas production from the Williston Basin to the Alliance mainline in pipeline engineering services around North Dakota. The natural gas will then be shipped the globe, OSD has expanded our onward to the Chicago market hub. The planned in-service timing for the new capabilities... pipeline is expected for July 2013. FERC’s approval included consideration of the project’s potential impact on environmental and historical resources, as well as review of comments submitted by interested parties. Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer for Alliance Pipeline Mike Map of the Tioga lateral. McGonagill said “We are very pleased to obtain regulatory approval for this pipeline, which will help address North Dakota’s need and fractionation facility near Chicago, owned facility, with a pressure regulating station at Pipelines | Plant & Facilities | Tanks & Terminals | O&M for natural gas transportation infrastructure. by Aux Sable Liquid Products.” the terminus. Counties through which the Moving more Williston Basin gas to market The pipeline has been certificated for proposed pipeline would traverse include Project Management | Slurry & Water | Asset Services will also help reduce flaring and provide 106,500 MMcf/d, and is underpinned by a Williams, Mountrail, Burke, and Renville. direct environmental and economic benefits contract with Hess Corporation for transport of Preparation for the start of construction to North Dakotans. 61,500 MMcf/d. The pipeline is expandable, is underway, beginning with shipping “This is a major milestone that enables based on shipper demand, and with the pre-coated pipe joints to a storage site in Alliance to further align with market and project now approved, Alliance will continue Kenmare, North Dakota. The majority of customer needs, while capitalising on our talks with interested parties. construction personnel will be taking up unique ability to ship liquids rich natural gas Facilities associated with the lateral residence at a Tioga construction camp since the Alliance Pipeline is directly pipeline include a meter station and supplied by Capital Lodge, LLC. Construction connected to the large-scale NGL extraction compressor station adjacent to the producer’s for both the pipeline and facilities construction work for the Tioga Lateral From our Australian base we have become a Project has been awarded to Minnesota leader in the delivery of successful project The pipeline is expandable, based on shipper demand, Limited, LLC of Big Lake, Minnesota. solutions to the oil & gas, and mining industry and and with the project now approved, Alliance will continue Equipment and materials started arriving in the area at approved locations throughout today encompass a multi-disciplined project and talks with interested parties. the month of September and into October. Construction began in late October 2012, asset services team oering complete services for a with completion targeted for mid-2013. range of clients around the world. Contact Construction facts • 8,000 pipe joints will be used in this project. Oil & Gas: Martin Axelby Ph +61 7 3377 4100 • It will take approximately 444 truckloads to deliver all of the required pipe joints for the project. Slurry & Water : JP Fortin Ph +61 8 9320 0400 • The minimum average pipe joint length is 16 m, with some joints reaching 18.2 m. • The longest horizontal directional drill will reach 1,653.5 m at the longitudinal crossing along Highway 52 near the Des Lacs Plant & Facilities: Craig Sheather Ph +61 7 3377 4100 Wildlife Refuge. Asset Services: Rene D’Ath Ph +61 7 3377 4100 • Crews will move up to 2.4 km per day. • The project construction team will employ between 200 and 300 people.

8 Pipelines International | December 2012 Brisbane Perth Melbourne New Plymouth Santiago www.OSDlimited.com around the world Nacap is an Australian and Worldwide leading pipeline contractor employing over 3,000 people across 5 continents. As an organisation we are driven by the EPC contract awarded shared values and commitment to the health and wellbeing of all project participants, the environment for Zubair oil field and the quality of our work.

An engineering, procurement and construction contract for the pipeline installation at the Zubair oil In the past 10 years Nacap Australia has constructed over 3,000km of field, located in southeastern Iraq, has been awarded to Drake & Scull International PJSC. pipelines in Australia including small diameter steel/HDPE gathering/ fl owlines to larger diameter welded steel transmission pipelines across he contract, which is valued at infrastructure and as such we can expect DSI and will optimise our exposure and the water, mining and oil & gas sectors. Contract values range from approximately $US358 million, will be demand for our type of services to extend to market reach to the oil and gas domain” $2M to in excess of $500M and all projects have been delivered on Ta collaboration with SICIM of Italy and other key sectors such as healthcare, Mr Tabari added “Our offices in Iraq are Drake & Scull International (DSI). education, hospitality, housing, wastewater gearing up to tackle the complexities and time without any contractual disputes / litigation. The Zubair oil field is considered one of and water treatment. Our work on the Zubair dynamics of the project and we expect to the largest in the world – and is developed oil field marks an important milestone for complete the work in July 2014.” by a consortium led by Eni, one of Italy’s You can rely upon Nacap, as we have the proven track record to deliver largest companies specialising in oil and your project objectives. If you need to be sure, you need to have Nacap. gas, petrochemicals, oil field services, and power generation. The project scope includes engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) services for oil and water flow lines, water trunklines, oil transfer pipelines, and connections to wellheads and degassing stations. This represents DSI’s first project in Iraq and its first major oil and gas contract in the region. CEO of (DSI)PJSC Khaldoun Tabari said “The Iraq construction market offers massive potential in areas such as oil and gas where there is a huge demand for EPC contractors. The country is also undertaking substantial developments to revolutionise its social

“The Iraq construction market offers massive potential in areas such as oil and gas where there is a huge demand for EPC contractors.” – Drake & Skull International PJSC CEO Khaldoun Tabari

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10 Pipelines International | December 2012

Nacap_GAS FEB_FP.indd 1 23/02/11 8:43 AM around the world around the world

Uganda weighs in on South Sudan – Kenya oil pipeline

Uganda’s Prime Minister Amama Mbabazi has suggested that a 2,000 km crude oil pipeline proposed by the South Sudanese and Kenyan governments would be cheaper to construct through Uganda. AGRI undertakes feasibility study n October, Ugandan Prime Minister development. The JCC is co-chaired by the non-interruption of the project; and, security Amama Mbabazi said it would be Under-Secretary for Petroleum and Mining of and access during construction, installation Icheaper for South Sudan to construct the the Republic of South Sudan and the and operation of pipeline. Following an international tender being awarded, the Azerbaijan – Georgia – Romania – Hungary proposed oil pipeline to the Kenyan coast Permanent Secretary for Energy of the The two governments have also agreed to Natural Gas Interconnector Project is undergoing a feasibility study. through Uganda, under a joint venture with Republic of Kenya. prioritise the project implementation and the Ugandan Government, which would The two governments are in the process co-operate in capacity building, sharing of enspen was recently awarded the gas to Romania, Hungary, and other central Hungary later joined the partnership in co-fund the project. of negotiating an Inter-Governmental information and experiences on best international tender to undertake the European and EU gas markets. February 2011. The pipeline, estimated to cost Agreement that will provide the legal practices, joint human capacity Pfeasibility study of the Azerbaijan The scope of the AGRI Project includes gas The AGRI project is aligned with the $US3 billion, will transport up to 1 MMbbl/d framework for the pipeline. The Inter- enhancement and development including – Georgia – Romania – Hungary Natural Gas being transported through Georgia and the objective of diversification of both sources of South Sudan’s crude oil to other countries Governmental Agreement will provide provision of requisite support for the benefit Interconnector (AGRI) Project, which has the Black Sea, with new liquefaction and and transit routes, therefore being via the Kenyan port of Lamu. Prime Minister support for the project and co-operation for of the project and the two countries. potential to play an important role in securing regasification terminals to be constructed on complementary to the Nabucco Pipeline, Mbabazi said that the pipeline would benefit the European Union’s (EU’s) energy future the Black Sea coasts of Georgia and Romania. which will be constructed within the the region because more countries would while being a key component in the EU’s This would allow for pumping of natural Southern Corridor. contribute and use it. Southern Corridor for Caspian gas to Europe. gas into Romania’s pipeline system for The project website states that the project Prime Minister Mbabazi hailed the recent The feasibility study – which has transit and domestic consumption, brings together: the key role of Azerbaijan as understanding between Sudan and South commenced – includes a gas market and delivering the rest into Hungary’s gas a major hydrocarbons producer in the Sudan on how crude oil would be exploited gas supply analysis, development of transport system through the Romania – Caspian region; Georgia’s importance as an for their mutual benefit. However, he warned conceptual engineering for pipelines and Hungary Interconnector (Araz-Szeged). energy transit country; Romania’s potential that there should be agreement among the LNG terminals, economic and financial On 13 April 2010, Azerbaijani Minister of to ensure a direct access toward Europe, as a countries along the River Nile on how the analysis, as well as risk assessment and Industry and Energy Natig Aliyev, Romanian bridge over the Black Sea; and, the added Nile waters should be shared. environmental aspects. Minister of Economy, Commerce and value of Hungary, for the western dimension There have been some estimates in Business Environment Adriean Videanu, and development of the project. Background regards to the project capacity and estimated Georgian Minister of Energy Alexander The current shareholders of the AGRI In August 2012, South Sudan’s Minister costs, which include: Khetaguri signed a memorandum of Project include the national oil and gas for Petroleum and Mining Stephen Dhieu • €1.2 billion (approximately $US1.55 billion) understanding in co-operation in the field of companies from each of the four signed an agreement with Kenya’s Energy for a projected capacity of 2 Bcm/a LNG and its transportation. The document participating countries – Romgaz, State Oil Minister Kiraitu Murungi at Nyayo House in • €2.8 billion (approximately $US3.62 billion) laid the framework for the implementation of Company of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Nairobi for the construction of the crude oil Sudan for a projected capacity of 5 Bcm/a the project and established the AGRI LNG Georgian Oil and Gas Corporation, and MVM pipeline, which is expected to commence • €4.5 billion (approximately $US5.8 billion) SRL company. Hungarian Electricity. construction in June 2013. for a projected capacity of 8 Bcm/a. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) Based on a linear east-west LNG chain, signed by the two countries in late January the AGRI Project is intended to transport For more information visit www.agrilng.com 2012 established a Joint Co-ordination Uganda Kenya Azerbaijani and other Caspian region natural Commission (JCC) to fast-track the

The two governments are in the process of negotiating an Inter-Governmental Agreement that will provide the legal framework for the pipeline.

Brisbane • Sydney • Abu Dhabi • Kuwait • Qatar Building the World Beneath You Serving the Global Pipeline Industry

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12 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 13 around the world around the world

Mangala pipeline closer to CFE awards completion pipeline contract Cairn India Ltd is one-step closer to completing the last 80 km of the 670 km Mangala Development for Mexico ALLU Pipeline Padders Pipeline Project. For Pipeliners Tough Demands Sempra Mexico, a subsidiary of Sempra Strong power transmission and robust n the company’s recently released International, was awarded two contracts by frame makes the ALLU Screener Crusher a second-quarter financial results, which Mexico's state-owned electricity utility Comision trustworthy partner on the pipelines. Icover the period ending 30 September Federal de Electricidad (CFE) to construct, own, 2012, it outlined that the work on the remaining approximately 80 km Salaya to and operate an approximately 820 km pipeline Bhogat section has commenced, starting the network connecting the northwestern states of resolution of execution challenges. Sonora and Sinaloa. This section, including the Bhogat Terminal, is expected to be completed in the first half of 2013. fter a competitive and transparent international public The 590 km section, which runs from the bidding process, Sempra Mexico was selected to develop Mangala Processing Terminal (MPT) to Salaya, the new $US1 billion pipeline network. The network will be continues to deliver crude oil to Indian A comprised of two segments that will interconnect to the United refiners, and the company continues to States’ interstate pipeline system in Arizona and will provide witness higher crude demand from this natural gas to new and existing CFE power plants that currently section of the pipeline, which provides it use fuel oil. access to over 1.6 MMbbl/d of refining capacity. The capacity for each segment is fully contracted by CFE under This section is currently operating at two 25-year firm capacity contracts denominated in US dollars. approximately 175,000 bbl/d and the “We are pleased to have been awarded these projects, which company is currently looking at technical/ will strengthen the gas transportation system in northern Mexico,” pilot trials for the de-bottlenecking of the said President and CEO of Sempra International George Liparidis. pipeline to enhance its capacity by “These projects represent an extension of our core business approximately 10 per cent. in Mexico and an important part of our plan to grow our The enhanced capacity of the pipeline is international business.” expected to come alongside increased field The first segment, a 36 inch diameter, 500 km pipeline will run production. Overall, the pipeline can handle from Sasabe, south of Tucson, Arizona, to Guaymas, Sonora, and much higher volumes in line with the basin The Mangala Pipeline route. will have the capacity of 770 MMcf/d of natural gas. The new potential through incremental investments pipeline is expected to begin operation in late 2014. and augmentation of facilities, subject to The second segment from Guaymas to El Oro, Sinaloa, is a 30 regulatory approvals. inch diameter, 320 km pipeline with a capacity of 510 MMcf/d of natural gas. The pipeline is planned to begin operations in the About the project third quarter of 2016. The Mangala Development Pipeline is “This new pipeline network will provide reliable access to clean designed to export crude oil produced from natural gas to CFE’s plants in Sonora and Sinaloa,” said Chairman India’s onshore Rajasthan block to markets. and CEO of Sempra Mexico Mr Carlos Ruiz. Commencing at the MPT, the pipeline passes “We have a long and successful history of safe, efficient and through eight districts and across two states, reliable operations in Mexico and we appreciate the confidence Rajasthan and Gujarat, for approximately that CFE has placed in us. We look forward 670 km before reaching India’s western coast to creating new jobs in these communities and improving the local at Bhogat, near Jamnagar. It is the world’s economy for years to come.” longest continuously heated and insulated Sempra Mexico is a wholly owned subsidiary and part of pipeline, necessitated because of the high Sempra International, one of four principal operating divisions of wax content of the crude being transported. Sempra Energy. Sempra Mexico has nearly 400 employees and has The construction from MPT to Salaya over $US2.4 billion in assets, including more than 700 km of section was completed in 18 months, and is natural and LPG pipelines in all six northern Mexican states. now safely supplying crude oil to Indian Oil ALLU Finland Oy Corporation Ltd and private refiners. It has Jokimäentie 1 | 16320 Pennala, Finland recorded more than 3.7 million lost time Tel: +358 (0)3 882 140 | Fax: +358 (0)3 882 1440 | [email protected] injury-free man hours to date. Workers welding on part of the Mangala Pipeline.

14 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 15 world wrap world wrap

Aecon JV wins contract in Alberta The Aecon JV – a joint venture between Aecon Group and Robert Somerville Co – Korea to build pipeline in Iraq was awarded a $US99 million contract by Inter Pipeline Fund for facilities work The Korean Gas Corporation (KOGAS) has won a $US127 million contract related to the Cold Lake and Polaris pipelines in Alberta, Canada. Work will include to build a 110 km pipeline between the Iraqi cities of Kirkuk and Baiji. the construction of pumping stations, metering facilities, junction sites and The state-run company signed the contract with Iraq’s Oil Pipelines associated pipeline connections at multiple sites, and is expected to conclude in 2014. Company in October, and the pipeline is expected to be built by September 2014. KOGAS competed against eight contenders for the Technip and Offshore Engineering to project. This will be the company’s second overseas pipeline following share Chinese subsea contract its first in Mozambique. Technip and Offshore Oil Engineering will co-operate on a $US332 million project to develop the Panyu oil field in the South China Sea. The contract will involve the supply and installation of 10 inch and 6 inch diameter clad-lined pipelines, steel tube umbilicals and associated equipment to the South China Sea deepwater gas development project, located approximately 150 km south of Hong Kong. Technip expects to complete the offshore installation in two stages during the third quarter of 2013 and the second quarter of 2014.

Wood Group secures pipeline integrity contract Wood Group Integrity Management – part of Wood Group Kenny – has been awarded a contract by CNR International (UK) to provide pipeline integrity management and support services, including software solutions and multi-disciplined ad hoc support for its North Sea assets. The contract will initially run for three years with options for the term to extend. The scope of the contract encompasses the Ninian, Lyell, Tiffany, Toni, Thelma, Banff, Kyle and Murchison fields, and includes integrity management of 37 major pipelines. TDW completes subsea pressure isolation TDW Offshore Services has completed a subsea pipeline pressure isolation operation in the Gulf of Mexico. Carried out at a depth of 113 m against 870 psig, the isolation enabled for the tie-in of a piggable wye to the Missisippi Canyon Gas Pipeline Jordan and Iraq sign historic pipeline agreement and the Venice Gas Plant in Louisiana. The Jordan and Iraq have signed an agreement of co-operation that will isolation project utilised two remote-controlled allow for the creation of a pipeline to export oil through Jordon’s port 30 inch SmartPlug dual-module pressure-isolation city of Aqaba, according to a local news source. Although details are tools to isolate approximately 72.5 km of pipeline. still being discussed, there will eventually be a float for tender to Once the tools were set, the isolation period was international companies to set up the multi-million dollar project. The approximately two and a half weeks. agreement is the first of its kind to be signed by Iraq and another country, and encompasses the areas of transporting and storing fuel and natural gas, conducting studies and joint excavation work.

To stay informed on this news and more, subscribe to the Pipelines International Update ›› www.pipelinesinternational.com

16 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 17 Access project details, owner and contractor information of over 10,000 region review planned, under construction and existing pipeline projects online. Locate your next business opportunity with the fully searchable Pipelines International Projects database. Harnessing rich resources: Sign up for a free 14-day trial at www.pipelinesinternational.com/projects South East Asia By Odette Fleming, Journalist Pipelines International takes a look at a snap shot of onshore pipeline projects proposed or currently Trans Adriatic Pipeline under construction in South East Asia, which seek to harness the rich resource potential much of the Promoter: Trans Adriatic Pipeline AG Lindenstrasse 2, 6340 Baar, Switzerland. Tel: +41 41 747 3400 region has to offer. Scope: The Trans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP) is a natural gas pipeline project that will transport gas from the Caspian region via Greece and Albania and across the Adriatic Sea to southern Italy and further into western Europe. TAP will open a new so-called Southern Gas Corridor to Indonesia pipeline from Cirebon to Kandanghaur and a Association of South East Asian Nations Europe and establish a new market outlet for natural gas from the Caspian Sea and beyond. The project is aimed at enhancing security of Although it is no longer a net exporter of 50 km pipeline from Tegal Gede to Muara (ASEAN)’s proposed Trans-ASEAN Gas supply as well as diversification of gas supplies for the European markets. oil, Indonesia is a leading exporter of natural Tawar, and a LNG receiving terminal would Pipeline System, which aims to link Project update: In August 2012, existing shareholders EGL, Statoil and E.ON Ruhrgas reached an agreement with members of the Shah gas. As domestic energy needs grow, be constructed in central Java to supply gas ASEAN’s major gas production and Deniz Consortium to secure funding for the TAP project. These funds will contribute toward continued work in several important areas during Indonesia is increasingly focusing on securing to the project. consumption centres by 2020. In recent the period running up to the final routing decision, expected in 2013. The agreement also includes an option for Shah Deniz shareholders to energy sources for its domestic market. Depending on the outcome of these years, attention has turned to harnessing take up to 50 per cent equity in pipeline. Feasibility studies are being conducted feasibility studies, Mr Kodiyat said the country’s extensive offshore oil and gas Pipeline length: 800 km to observe technical and commercial aspects engineering, procurement and construction resources via the Sabah – Sarawak Pipeline capacity: 10–20 Bcm/a of state-owned PT Pertamina’s proposed (EPC) processes are expected to begin in 2013. Integrated Oil and Gas Project, which is due Expected completion date: 2017 $US200 million 140 km pipeline network, to be completed at the end of 2013. which will run from Cirebon to Muara Karang Malaysia Construction is ongoing on PETRONAS’ Gladstone LNG Project in Jakata, and poses a potential solution to Malaysia has one of the most extensive Sabah – Sarawak Integrated Oil and Gas the gas shortage faced by the region. natural gas pipeline networks in the region Project, which involves the construction of a Western Expansion Project II Promoter: Santos, Level 14 Santos House 60 Edward Street, Brisbane, Queensland 4000 Tel: +617 3228 6666 Pertamina Gas Director for Planning, and is the ninth largest exporter of natural 512 km, 36 inch diameter pipeline to Promoter: Enterprise Mid-America Pipeline, 1885 Scope: Santos will construct and operate an approximately Development and Sales Harjana Kodiyat gas in the world. For this reason, and due to transport natural gas from the Sabah Oil and Highway 71, Early, IA 50535, United States. Tel: +1 712 273 5217 910 mm diameter, 420 km gas pipeline running from the stated the planned pipeline network would its location within South East Asia, Scope: The Western Expansion Project II involves the Fairview and Roma coal seam gas (CSG) fields to a 3 MMt/a be divided into two segments – a 90 km Malaysia is a prime candidate for the Continued on page 20 ›› construction of a 153 km natural gas liquids pipeline, LNG liquefaction plant at Gladstone, Queensland. The pipeline which will stretch between western Colorado and eastern is expected to run parallel to Jemena’s Queensland Gas Utah in the United States. The pipeline will increase the Pipeline route from the northern end of the Arcadia Valley to Enterprise Mid-America Pipeline’s capacity for transporting Gladstone. natural gas liquids from Wyoming and Colorado to Hobbs, Project update: Saipem Australia commenced construction New Mexico. on the 420 km underground gas transmission pipeline. Project update: In September 2012, the Colorado Pipeline length: 420 km Bureau of Land Management granted approval for the Pipeline capacity: 700 TJ/d construction of the pipeline. Enterprise Mid-America Pipeline Expected completion date: 2014 estimates that construction will require approximately 400–450 workers over a period of six months. Pipeline length: 153 km Pipeline capacity: increased by 15,000 bbl/d Expected completion date: 2013

Grand Rapids Pipeline Promoter: TransCanada Corporation, 450 – 1 Street SW Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Tel: +1 403 920 2000 Scope: TransCanada and Phoenix will each own 50 per cent of the proposed $US3 billion pipeline project that includes both a crude oil and a diluent line to transport volumes approximately 500 km between the producing area northwest of Fort McMurray and the Edmonton/Heartland region. The final route and design will be determined with Aboriginal and stakeholder input, as well as consideration for environmental, archaeological and cultural values, land use compatibility, safety, constructability and economics. Project update: In October 2012, TransCanada Corporation entered into binding agreements with Phoenix Energy Holdings to develop the Grand Rapids Pipeline. TransCanada will operate the system and Phoenix has entered a long-term commitment to ship the crude oil and diluent. TransCanada expects to apply for regulatory approval for the project in 2013. Pipeline length: 500 km Pipeline capacity: 900,000 bbl/d of crude oil and 330,000 bbl/d of diluent Expected completion date: 2017

18 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 19 region review region review

‹‹ Continued FROM page 19 for the construction of a proposed 950 km located in southern Metro Manila and will be integral component of the co-operative gas pipeline, which will pass through converted into a natural gas facility. efforts of ASEAN is to diversify, develop and Gas Terminal in Kimanis (also under Bangladesh to link Myanmar and India, Pre-development activities such as route conserve energy supplies in the region. construction) to Petronas’ LNG complex in following discovery of a gas field in offshore and market surveys, information and The ASEAN Council on Petroleum or Bintulu, Sarawak, for processing. North-West Myanmar. Various options are education campaigns, and co-ordination with ASCOPE is planning the long-term Trans- Once commissioned, the Sabah – Sarawak being considered, including a land route via local government units, tollway operators and ASEAN Gas Pipeline Project, which aims to Gas Pipeline (SSGP), which is being the eastern Indian states of Tripura and other right of way owners have been initiated develop a regional gas grid by 2020. The constructed using API 5L X70 steel grade pipe, Mizoram, an offshore route through the for the Batman-1 Project. scope of the project includes eight gas with a thickness range of 14, 17, and 20 mm, coastal areas of Bangladesh and a deep-sea A second 150 km pipeline (Batman-2) pipelines with a total length of and will have a design pressure of 96 bar, will route with landing in the state of Orissa. A linking Bataan to Manila, and a 35 km spur approximately 2,300 km, which are currently be able to transport 750 MMcf/d of gas. northern route which bypasses Bangladeshi line (Batcave) to industrial areas in Rosario, in operation, and a further five proposed In 2008, Punj Lloyd was awarded the territory is also under consideration. Cavite province, and subtransmission pipeline projects totalling 4,500 km. engineering, procurement, construction and In addition, construction on the pipelines to serve potential gas users in the A policy framework has been established commissioning contract for SSGP and Myanmar–China Pipeline Project began in areas through which the pipeline passes have to implement the $US7 billion project, which Automatic welding on the Sabah–Sarawak Gas Pipeline in Malaysia in progress. associated facilities. The company reported June 2010, and is expected to be completed also been proposed. The project will also is expected to be completed in 2020. significant challenges in fulfilling its role due in 2013. The project involves the construction require the construction of a LNG receiving The proposed pipelines include: to the rough mountain terrain, constant wet of a 2,402 km crude oil pipeline and a 2,500 terminal also conversion of the 620 MW Limay • The 1,500 km East Natuna – JDA weather and stringent regulatory processes km natural gas pipeline running between the combined-cycle plant to gas-fired. – Erawan Pipeline, proposed to transport by the Department of Safety and Health, two countries, and is designed to improve In addition, the proposed Rosario gas from the East Natuna Gas Field in Department of Environment, and transit efficiency by eliminating the long – Binan Pipeline will connect LNG import Indonesia to Erawan, Thailand; Department of Irrigation and Drainage. detour that oil cargoes take through the facilities on the southern shore of Manila • The 600 km East Natuna – Kertah Malacca Strait. Bay, sourcing gas from the proposed Pipeline, proposed to transport gas from Myanmar The crude oil pipeline will extend 771 km Batangas LNG terminal. The pipeline will the East Natuna Gas Field to Kertah in The exact amount of extractable and through Myanmar and 1,631 km through supply gas to Manila through connecting to Malaysia; recoverable gas reserves in Myanmar is China and will have a design capacity of the Batman gas pipeline. • The 1,400 km East Natuna – Java unknown, however, the potential that is 22 MMt/a of oil. The natural gas pipeline will Pipeline, proposed to transport gas from known to be held within this country has led extend for 793 km through Myanmar and Singapore the East Natuna Gas Field to Java, to a number of infrastructure projects being 1,727 km in China and will have a design Singapore does not have any oil and gas Indonesia; proposed and constructed between Myanmar capacity of 10–13 Bcm/a of gas. reserves of its own, and currently imports • The 900 km East Natuna – Vietnam and neighboring countries, such as India Work on the Myanmar section of the natural gas from Malaysia and Indonesia via Pipeline, proposed to transport gas from and China. pipelines began in June 2010 and in August offshore pipelines. Singapore imports the East Natuna Gas Field to Vietnam; In March 2010, Bangladeshi Prime 2011 a commencement ceremony was held to natural gas from Indonesia via the 476 km and, Minister Sheikh Hasina Wajed gave approval celebrate the welding of the Myanmar Grissik – Singapore Pipeline, and from • The proposed East Natuna – Brunei section of the pipelines. Malaysia via Petronas’ Peninsular Gas Darussalam – Sabah – Palawan Pipeline The oil pipeline is jointly invested and Utilisation Project pipeline. has been deferred in view of the built by CNPC and Myanmar Oil and Gas Construction of Singapore’s first LNG commercial viability and other economic Enterprise (MOGE), and the gas pipeline is terminal located on a 30-hectare site on considerations in establishing the jointly invested and built by CNPC, MOGE, Jurong Island began in March 2010. The interconnection for the Philippines leg to Daewoo International, KOGAS, IndianOil terminal will have an initial capacity 3 MMt/a, Palawan. and GAIL. and will be able to accommodate two 11 bilateral connections have already additional tanks. been established with a total of 3,020 km of The Philippines The LNG terminal will be an important pipeline connections making possible the Natural gas continues to be a strategic part of Singapore’s energy security strategy transmission of gas molecules to and from fuel alternative to oil for the Philippines, to meet future energy needs and also enable ASCOPE member countries. increasing the country’s energy security and the country to be an LNG trading hub. ASCOPE has also started developing the environmental agenda. A number of The project involves the construction of necessary regulatory framework, including infrastructure projects have been proposed to approximately 65 km of gas pipelines to open access, gas transit principle and gas harness the potential of the country’s largest connect the LNG terminal to the existing gas specification harmonisation, which will gas field – Malampaya offshore gas field. pipeline network for the transport of facilitate the implementation of the Welding products and solutions that meet the The Philippines National Oil Company’s re-gasified LNG to end-users. Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline Project. most demanding requirements—Yours. Batman-1 Project, which involves the As of September 2012, construction of South East Asia is one of the fastest construction of a 100 km natural gas the LNG Terminal was 95 per cent complete, growing economic regions in the world. and pipeline, is intended to make natural gas with piping works completed at the end governments are aware of the direct from the Malampaya gas field available to of October. correlation between economic development consumers in the industrial, commercial, and energy consumption. For this reason, transport and residential sectors of Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline securing a stable and sustainable supply of Metropolitan Manila. Ten nations make up the membership of energy has become major policy issue for The pipeline will transport natural gas the Association of South East Asian Nations South East Asia, with many countries from the Malampaya gas field off the coast of (ASEAN): Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, committing to domestic infrastructure AR12-34 © The Lincoln Electric Co. All Rights Reserved. Pipe ready for lowering on the Sabah–Sarawak Palawan to the decommissioned 850 MW Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, projects that take advantage of the wealth of Pipeline Project in Malaysia. www.lincolnelectric.com/pipeline Sucat bunker fuel-fired power plant, which is Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. An natural resources the region has to offer.

20 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 21 pigging pigging

Celebrate PPIM’s silver year A.Hak Industrial Services – Silver Sponsor A.Hak Industrial Services BV markets an inline ultrasonic inspection service. The tool, called Piglet, was developed BOOTH th Building on 24 successful years and celebrating its silver anniversary, the 25 Pipeline Pigging and particularly for unpiggable pipelines, and can traverse back-to-back bends and multiple diameters to provide online 101 Integrity Management Conference and Exhibition will held from 11–14 February 2013 at the Marriott monitoring of the inspection data. A.Hak is prepared to offer turnkey work for engineering design, cleaning, gauging, and Westchase in Houston, Texas, bringing some of the industry’s best together. inspection services. A.Hak provides the following pipeline services: engineering and construction services, pre-, re-, and commissioning services, and maintenance, operating, and decommissioning services. he Pipeline Pigging and Integrity sharpen your knowledge on pigging and Management (PPIM) Conference and integrity management. N-Spec Pipeline Services –Silver Sponsor TExhibition, organised by Tiratsoo These courses also give you the BOOTH Technical (a division of Great Southern opportunity to learn from some of the N-SPEC Pipelines Services, a division of Coastal Chemical Co LLC, is a world leader in pipeline cleaning technology Press) and Houston based Clarion Technical best in the industry as all course presenters specialising in removing waxes, asphaltines, hydrates, black powder, and other efficiency-robbing solids that cause internal 127 Conferences, is the industry’s only forum are considered leaders in their fields and pipeline build-up. The company’s post-job treatment generates more recycled and stabilised materials, reducing cost of disposal devoted exclusively to pigging for can help expand your understanding of and increased operating efficiency of the pipeline resulting in reduced compression horsepower and fuel gas consumption. maintenance and inspection, as well as the industry. N-SPEC offers turnkey services backed by a team of highly trained specialists experienced in all aspects of pipeline pipeline integrity evaluation and repair. This year the training courses include: cleaning, pigging and hydrostatic testing to support the N-SPEC cleaning product line. The majority of N-SPEC cleaning products are PPIM draws engineering management • Pipeline risk management environmentally safe and can be processed with crude oil with no upsets to production equipment; allowing post-job treatment on site that and field operating personnel from both • DOT pipeline safety regulations – segregates oil, water and solids, allowing the phases to be recovered and/or disposed of in the most cost-effective fashion. transmission and distribution companies 11–14 February 2013, Houston Texas overview and guidelines for compliance concerned with improved operations and Last year was the largest PPIM • Introduction to excavation inspection integrity management. Conference and Exhibition, with more than & applied nde for pipeline integrity Asel-Tech DNV NDT Systems The event has a unique structure which 1,400 attendees, 23 presentations, and an assessment BOOTHS consists of training programmes, a detailed extended exhibition to accommodate the • Pigging & in-line inspection Asel-Tech Inc. is a BOOTH Synergi Pipeline is a BOOTH & Services two-day conference programme, as well as 98 company exhibitors. • Defect assessment calculations high-tech engineering 509 user-friendly, scalable 304 NDT Systems & 114 an Exhibition Hall that allows the whole Due to this great demand, the 2013 event workshop company focused on and company-wide risk Services provides a AND pigging industry to gather in one place. This will have a larger exhibition, with over 100 • Defect assessment in pipelines pipeline leak detection and integrity management software that comprehensive 116 allows attendees to meet with some of the companies already registered to exhibit. • Pipeline integrity management monitoring solutions. Asel-Tech has enables operators to focus on continuously inspection service cycle best in the industry and discuss about issues Some of the biggest names in the • Pipeline repair methods, hot tapping, pioneered the development of an advanced improving pipeline safety and reliability, for onshore and and developments in the pigging industry business will be exhibiting at this year’s and in-service welding. acoustic leak detection technology over the reducing downtime and extending offshore pipelines around the globe. one-on-one. event to showcase the latest in inspection, Don’t miss the chance to sit down past ten years. With 14 patents and a state operational life. DNV has been an expert on With its modular state-of-the-art rehabilitation and maintenance equipment, with industry experts and learn from the of the art testing facility, we have more pipeline systems for decades, with more than inspection fleet consisting of more than The event has a unique including cleaning and caliper pigs and best, as well as network with old friends experience and success with acoustic leak 60 per cent of the world’s offshore pipelines 100 measurement tools – capable of in-line inspection tools. and colleagues. detection than most companies. compliant to DNV pipeline standards. Synergi inspecting pipeline diameters from 6 to 56 structure which consists The two-day conference programme will Asel-Tech systems have been Pipeline is based on DNV’s expertise and inches – NDT Systems & Services has showcase papers ranging from new Get social of training programmes, a commercially available since 2008, with extensive project experience within risk and inspected millions of kilometres of technologies to case studies and industry The event programme also offers some major pipeline operators around the world. integrity management of onshore and pipelines worldwide. detailed two-day conference projects presented leading professionals and great networking and social opportunities The technology is being used to monitor for submarine pipeline systems, as well as The company has highly skilled project companies from around the world. for attendees to meet with old clients and management people and technical teams programme, as well as an help expand their business by meeting leaks and illegal taps on diverse feedback from pipeline operators globally. relying on one of the best data analysis Exhibition Hall that allows Eight reasons to expand your some new clients. configurations of pipelines (crude oil, LPG, Synergi Pipeline supports all activities for teams and software platforms in the pigging knowledge With the networking drinks being held refined products, water, natural gas, and controlling, maintaining and documenting the whole pigging industry This year, eight training courses will be in the Exhibition Hall, this creates an ample even on multi-phase flow pipelines). integrity of pipeline systems during the entire business, and relies on more than 500 to gather in one place. offered preceding the conference and opportunity for delegates to see firsthand operational life. Users control pipeline data specialists based worldwide. exhibition. These provide a great way to earn what companies are able to offer and create in one central data management system, and At PPIM 2013 NDT Systems & Services more Continuing Education units and new connections. can easily track hotspots, predict corrosion will present its vast configuration and plan inspections, maintenance and capabilities and showcase its state-of-the- renewal activities. Synergi Pipeline offers art ILI tools, providing precision and continuous risk documentation with full accuracy in crack and corrosion inspection. Rosen – Platinum Sponsor traceability of integrity decisions. Rosen is a leading, privately-owned company providing innovative product and service solutions for the inspection, BOOTHS integrity, and rehabilitation of complex oil and gas facilities. For over 30 years, the company has provided the industry 201 with advanced inspection solutions to ensure safe and economical operation of a wide range of assets and facilities. The AND Quest Integrity Group Rosen Group operates in more than 100 countries and employs over 1,900 people. Quest Integrity Group, a Team Industrial Services company, is a global leader in the development and delivery of asset integrity BOOTH Recent integrity and inline inspection developments include: multi-diameter inline inspection tools capable of 300 and reliability management services and solutions. Its solutions consist of technology-enabled advanced inspection and 112 inspecting diameter changes as large as 8 inches; RoCorr UT inspection technology that combines the latest-generation engineering assessment services and products that help pipeline operators reduce operational and safety risks, improve MFL technology with state-of-the-art ultrasound technology into one ILI tool; RoCD2 the high-resolution ILI tool that operational planning and increase profitability. Quest Integrity Group specialises in the inspection and assessment of unpiggable incorporates electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) technology for the detection of stress-corrosion cracking and coating disbondment; and difficult-to-inspect pipelines. asset-integrity-management support (AIMS) and software (ROAIMS); and RoGeo∙Xt extended-resolution geometry inspection providing 100 per Quest Integrity Group recently introduced larger tool sizes to meet industry demand. The innovative, single module 16 and 20 inch tools are available cent circumferential coverage for the detection and sizing of dents in compliance with 49 CFR Parts 192 and 195. now for ultrasonic in-line inspection projects. These will be followed by 18 and 20 inch tools that will be available for projects scheduled in 2013.

22 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 23 pigging pigging

Honouring young achievement Navigating the bends

This year the 2013 Pipeline Pigging & Integrity Management Conference and Exhibition is introducing Quest Integrity Group recently performed a series of in-line inspections and fitness-for-service the PPIM Young Achievement Award. The annual award is set to recognise the achievements of assessments for a client in Canada. The company utilised its recently developed single module 16 inch pipeline professionals under 31 years of age. InVista inspection tool. One of the lines proved particularly challenging, as it contained 20 bends with a minimum bend size of 1.5D, and five take-offs – a challenge for tools, as the tool could go in any

he PPIM Young Achievement Award will be given to an direction instead of straight. employee of a pipeline operating, service or supply company Twho has demonstrated a valuable and original contribution or the inspection of this line, the to the field of pipeline integrity. 16-inch InVista tool was propelled in Nominations are to be made by senior managers within the Fdiesel and achieved a scan rate of company. The nominee must be 30 years old or younger approximately 0.3 metres per second (m/s). The as of 1 January 2013. The winner will be chosen based on the extent tool travelled a total of 471.9 m. The inspection to which he or she has: took approximately two hours to complete, and • Made a contribution to the field all of the data was collected in one run. Upon • Shown an innovative approach in his or her work retrieval of the tool, the ultrasonic (UT) • Exhibited leadership potential measurement data was downloaded and • Demonstrated excellent communication skills. prepared for preliminary analysis. The nominations are to be evaluated by a panel of judges that will choose the winner. Employees of the judging panel’s Results companies are ineligible. An API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 2007 fitness-for- Figure 1: 2D and 3D views of external metal loss. Figure 2: 2D and 3D views of a dent. The winner will be announced and the Award presented at the 2013 service (FFS) assessment was performed on Pipeline Pigging & Integrity Management Conference on Thursday, 14 the single-diameter line. February 2013 at the Marriott Westchase Hotel in Houston. The inspection data was analysed for wall associated with traditionally difficult-to- thinning, and anomalies such as corrosion, inspect and unpiggable pipelines. How to nominate denting and ovality were determined using InVista easily negotiates damaged and Inspection The deadline for nominations is Friday, 11 January 2013. To submit the LifeQuest pipeline software. The restricted pipe with minimum passage and a nomination online, please complete the online form or download a remaining strength factor (RSF) and reduced tight, back-to-back bends. The tool can run Over 60 Years of Service printable pdf file. Print the pdf form and submit it, along with a brief maximum allowable operating pressure in low-pressure environments, and its (MAOP) for the pipe were also determined. bi-directional capability allows it to be biography of the nominee (300 words or less) and a summary of his or Pipeline Data Fitness-for- Lifecycle Service STANDARDS her contributions to B.J. Lowe. This assessment is based on the launched and received at the same location, Analysis Assessment Management OF THE INDUSTRY Please note that for a nomination to be accepted, the nomination longitudinal extent of thinning found in the minimising or eliminating line disruptions. must respond specifically to the criteria listed above. pipe and in accordance with a Level 2 InVista’s unique design reduces Sawyer Quick-Set Pipe Cutting Sawyer Band- assessment as found in Part 5 of the API 579-1 operational risk by minimising the wear, and Beveling Machine Type Beveling standard. Results from the assessment impact and debris collection that is Nominations are to be made by senior Advanced For pipe and tubing Machines included: associated with conventional in-line Engineering sizes 11/2”-14”, the For pipe sizes Quick-Set machine 6” and larger, managers within the company. The • 110 external metal loss anomalies were inspection technologies. The tool provides is rugged, yet light the Band-Type individually identified. The greatest of accurate and repeatable results with its weight, and features Beveler easily nominee must be 30 years old or younger a rigid, full-circle attaches to these anomalies corresponded to 72 per direct high-density UT measurement. Figure 3: The pipeline integrated solution set. traveling ring that is any pipe surface hinged to open for and one beveler- as of 1 January 2013. cent wall loss, based on nominal wall The assessment is comprehensive and fitting on pipe.The crawler operates on all size machine does not bands. The Band-Type Beveler thickness. The industry standard is to includes all line data versus individual permanent line modifications are not require spacers and is manually operated, immediately address wall loss between flaw locations. required. In addition, it eliminates de- has an easy-to-read with optional motorized units calibration that makes available. 60–80 per cent magnetisation repairs because UT inspections size adjustment a snap. • Four dents in excess of 0.5 per cent Cost effective and time-efficient do not permanently magnetise the pipe. 2013 Award Judges Panel nominal outside diameter (OD) were An InVista inspection is cost-effective. Benefits of the single-module tool include: Sawyer Compact Cutting and Beveling Machine • Mohamed Dafea, GL Noble Denton, on behalf of PIPE identified. The largest identified dent had Data are collected in a single pass and the • Lightweight; the tool is handled and Quality-built in 10 sizes to handle 3” to 60” pipe. Hinged • Basil Hostage, 3P Services and President, PPSA traveling ring allows over-the-end or in-the-middle placement. a depth of 0.8 per cent nominal OD combined geometry and metal-loss data transported easily, reducing safety and Cast aluminum frame, and enclosed, lubricated reduction gear • Dr Alan Murray, Principia Consulting • The minimum MAOP calculated according provide 100 per cent overlapping coverage. environmental concerns; box insure trouble-free operation. Designed for use where • John Tiratsoo, Tiratsoo Technical space is at a minimum. to Part 5 Level 2 assessment methodology The tool minimises offline status, as it • Longer battery life and faster on-board • Chris Yoxall, Rosen USA Sawyer has a complete line of pipe beveling and cutting in API 579-1 was 4.0 MPa. inspects efficiently and allows real-time computing for greater axial flaw machines that are adaptable for plasma cutting. DISTRIBUTORSHIPS AVAILABLE operating decisions with its on-site resolution and increased inspection Printed nominations should be sent to: Benefits turnaround and rapid data analysis – saving velocity, providing accurate results and B.J. Lowe, Director The InVista technology is a light-weight time for the operator. Linear UT sizing time savings; and, CLARION Technical Conferences tool that can be hand-carried, lifted and minimises verification digs, improving • Ideal for space-constrained environments 3401 Louisiana St, Suite 255, Houston, TX 77002, USA loaded. It performs in low flow/low pressure excavation and repair confidence, and such as terminals, refineries and offshore. MANUFACTURERS OF PIPELINE EQUIPMENT Tel: +1 713 521 5929 environments and can navigate 1.0D bends, 1031 N. Columbia Place. Tulsa, OK 74110 U.S.A. including back-to-back and mitre bends. It Phone: (918) 834-2550 • FAX: (918) 834-0318 Cell: +1 713 416 9546 For more information visit www.questintegrity.com/InVista Web site: www.sawyermfg.com • E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +1 713 521 9255 was designed to overcome challenges

24 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 25 pigging pigging

atmospheric-pressure separator tank to Multi-phase test loop construction another more complex separator under test. Depending on the characteristics of this separator, operation with natural gas will be possible, and the natural gas is available initiated in Rio de Janeiro on-site. By Arthur Braga, Director, Pipeline Technology Centre (CTDUT), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil About the facilities CTDUT is a not-for-profit institution After a number of years of planning and obtaining funding, the Centro de Tecnologia em Dutos has dedicated to research and tests on pipelines started construction of a 12 inch, 2.7 km long, multi-phase test loop with pigging capabilities that will and terminals. Created by Petrobras as an operate with oil, water, or mixtures of oil, water, and nitrogen. independent association of companies, it is available for use by any company, associated or not, on a day-based rate. The investment ue to be commissioned and bringing this production to the shore will careful evaluation and some small changes Figure 2: The existing 14 inch diameter, 110 m long, test loop. for the laboratory’s construction has come operational by June 2013, the loop’s require the development of new tools and to the original plans, the loop’s pump will from the Brazilian Government’s research and design started as an oil loop technologies for the pipelines. be able to feed both crude oil and water, or D development funding agency (FINEP) and to offer a 14 inch diameter, 110 m long, intended mainly for pig evaluation and Based on these requirements, two any mixture of each. Nitrogen can be Concessionaire (in Million USD) also from exploration contracts associated dedicated pipeline working with water or Year testing, as well as for SCADA-operator modifications have been made to the initial introduced to the line after the pump, and with the Brazilian National Agency of nitrogen (Figure 2), a cathodic-protection PETROBRAS OTHERS Total training, testing of leakage-detection concept of CTDUT’s test loops: the oil loop controlled accordingly. As part of the first Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). research site that reproduces all significant 1998 0.94 0.94 devices, and testing and evaluation of other has become a multi-phase loop, and the long stage in the design of the project, at the end The ANP contracts have a very field conditions, and a bunker for bursting equipment. The loop was part of the gas loop has been dramatically changed in of the loop this mix will be sent to an 1999 14.50 14.50 interesting provision that creates an pipes that safely operates up to 1,000 bar. The originally-planned facilities intended for concept to become a number of smaller atmospheric-pressure tank that will act as a 2000 47.10 47.10 investment obligation to provide research centre is also working on the design and the Centro de Tecnologia em Dutos (CTDUT) dedicated gas pipeline loops designed for very simple separator. and development (R&D) funding construction of further installations that 2001 63.64 63.64 from the inception of this not-for-profit research to address many different issues, As well as this separator tank, this loop corresponding to 1 per cent of the total include laboratories for tank research, valve 2002 131.77 131.77 research institution in 2006, which includes including multi-diameter piggability, has one crude oil tank and one water tank income obtained from the country’s highly certification and testing, and flow meter a similar 16 inch diameter gas pipeline. multi-phase separation, CO2 propagation with enough capacity to fill the entire 2.7 km 2003 161.65 161.65 productive wells. At least half of this calibration and research. As well as what has Both loops were designed to have their waves, internal coating performance and long loop along with an extra volume for a 1 per cent has to be invested in certified been described above, its test loop facilities 2004 196.29 5.56 201.85 launchers and receivers inside CTDUT’s endurance in piggable lines, and flow guarantee. The multi-phase operation institutions, which include CTDUT and many are being expanded to allow multi-diameter 2005 253.26 1.14 254.40 facility, and to run in the adjacent Petrobras performance of pigs in pipelines with can be performed with this entire length, or universities. This provision, which also pig testing, and research into wax and hydrate 2006 306.92 1.27 308.19 right-of-way (RoW) that includes swamp different types of internal coating. on a shorter 200 m section of this pipeline, applies to foreign companies operating in formation, and multi-phase separators. and hill terrains. The loops’ operation According to this new gas pipeline which is also piggable. 2007 305.12 3.13 308.25 Brazil, has brought in around $US3 billion One of the further interesting centre in CTDUT’s main building is planned concept, the variety of small loops may be As mentioned above, the initial design over the last 13 years, and is consequently characteristics of CTDUT’s operating model 2008 426.86 3.57 430.43 to help training Petrobras pipeline permanent or may be assembled for a specific of this loop has been improved to allow proving to be extremely beneficial (Table 1). is that while a client can hire the centre and 2009 316.51 2.93 319.44 controllers and operators. test and disassembled at the end, in a testing of ancillary equipment. As an Taken together with Petrobras’ own its staff to undertake research, the centre’s The delay involved with applying for and ‘building-block’ concept. Some infrastructure, example of this, provision has been made to 2010 367.67 5.79 373.46 considerable requirement to work with these facilities can also be used by a client’s own receiving the environmental licenses and however, will be common to all, such as the completely isolate the loop’s pumps 2011 495.24 20.71 515.95 institutions to complement its own research team without any involvement of the centre’s funding for this development, despite being local city-gate capable of a high gas flow rate, from the circuit and to attach a further capabilities, this funding initiative is helping staff. It has become well accepted that TOTAL 3,087.48 44.09 3,131.58 somewhat undesirable and frustrating, was launching and receiving traps, and the multi-phase pump after the nitrogen to encourage the development of new skills research and tests can be undertaken % 98.59 1.41 100 in the end beneficial as it allowed new availability of an impressive power supply. injection to allow the evaluation of this and new research activities in the country. confidentially without the need to share demands from Brazil’s Pre-Salt offshore The oil loop has not had to be so multi-phase pump in a real multi-phase As a consequence of this favourable R&D details about the technology used or even Table 1. Values of ANP R&D concessions for development to be better understood and dramatically changed in order to work as flow. In the same way, the flow can be Petrobras during 1998-2011. investment climate, CTDUT is currently able the results obtained. incorporated into the test loop design. a multi-phase loop. In fact, following directed from its original path toward the During this period, Petrobras evaluated the available technologies for transporting the Concessionaire % 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 TOTAL gas production from the Pre-Salt WHAT IS THE PRE SALT? Located in a remote area, up to Shell 80 5.56 1.14 ------6.70 300 km offshore development, and has made a decision in Repsol-Sinopec 10 - - 1.27 3.13 3.57 2.17 2.12 1.84 14.10 favour of pipelines, as opposed to LNG or Queiroz Galvão 45 - - - - - 0.53 1.43 1.05 3.00 compressed-gas vessels. 2,000 m Total depth – Water depth may exceed Christ Statue Panoro Energy 10 - - - - - 0.12 0.32 0.23 0.67 5 to 7 thousand meters 2 thousand meters Mountain Modifying the loops Brasoil Manati 10 - - - - - 0.12 0.32 0.23 0.67 3,000 m Brazil’s Pre-Salt development (Figure 1) BP 60 ------0.97 - 0.97 is located 300 km offshore in very deep Maersk Oil 40 ------0.64 - 0.64 water, and produces oil combined with natural gas, water, CO2 and H2S. The Chevron 52 ------11.50 11.50 complexity of the development requires Large oil reserves Frade Japão 18 ------4.07 4.07 research into, and development of, new carbonaceous Salt layer over BG 25 ------1.27 1.27 systems, materials and equipment to safely 2,000 m thick Petrogal 10 ------0.51 0.51 Pre Salt Layer – new and profitably exploit the enormous reserves. Post salt layers Focus to 2016 exploratory barrier The challenges involved with the reservoir’s Total - 5.56 1.14 1.27 3.13 3.57 2.93 5.79 20.71 44.09 perforation and production are not directly Figure 1: A schematic of Brazil’s Pre-Salt offshore development area. Table 2: Values of ANP R&D concessions for Brazilian operators other than Petrobras during 2004–2011 (courtesy of ANP). related to CTDUT’s activities; however,

26 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 27 pigging pigging

fibre-optic cable has no further use at that Difficult-to-inspect pipelines meet time, and is effectively destroyed as the pig Training available at A.Hak facility travels back along the pipeline. These A.Hak’s training and technology centre will be the location of the first European specialised inspection services are carried Practical Pigging Training course, jointly developed by Penspen, Clarion Technical their match in the Netherlands out by the company using its local offices Conferences and Tiratsoo Technical (a division of Great Southern Press). around the world. Training courses will use the test loops to demonstrate safe pigging operations ranging from launching and recept of foam, cleaning, and calliper pigs, to the use of With the important intention of providing an unrivalled service to inspect and assess the integrity A holistic approach to inspection A.Hak’s own range of inspection tools. Ancillary activities such as pig tracking and data of difficult-to-inspect (or ‘unpiggable’) pipelines, Pipelines International notes that A.Hak Industrial As well as its inspection equipment, what inspection will also be included. Services has become one of the industry’s most important companies. is most impressive to the visitor about the A training course will be held from 6–10 May 2013. To register your interest in the company is its dedication to a holistic course, email Elizabeth Foster via [email protected] approach to pipeline inspection. This is ts high-specification rotating-mirror after the Bhopal disaster in 1984), pipeline typified in its newly-constructed multi-million and others to become familiar with what typifies this, it is the company’s future plans ultrasonic technology mounted on the pre- and de-commissioning, and difficult-to- new training and technology centre at its can be achieved using the company’s that provide its further challenges. Ifree-swimming PigLet tools can – like a access inspections. Tricht site, accompanied by three 200 m long inspection equipment. IS division’s Director Hans Gruitroij well-known beer – reach pipeline parts that test loops with 4, 6, and 12 inch diameters. The centre is also the place where the defines these challenges as: developing others cannot, and provide real-time Tool advancements Opened in October 2012, this centre has company’s high-tech tools are designed and technologies for deepwater pipeline analyses of the inner and outer pipe walls for The first tools developed by the IS flexible and well-designed training facilities assembled, and is equipped with both inspections down to 3,000 m and 350 bar; all sorts of complex geometries, loading division were the PipeCat crawler and for the company’s own and its client’s staff, well-appointed design and laboratory how to get the tool by up to 10 km into such lines, dead ends, and other hard-to-access Tailpig, devices that were operated via an and which are also available to outside facilities for this precision work, as well as a lines without pumping; developing crack- pipeline structures. umbilical, and had a range of up to 10 km. organisations. The three test loops are water well-appointed storage unit for a wide range detection capabilities for small-diameter The Industrial Services (IS) division of the These were developed in association with the powered, and have been purpose-designed to of the IS division’s pigging equipment. lines; and developing a full pipeline integrity- Netherlands’-based A.Hakpark was Netherlands Organisation for Applied allow spools of many different configurations management service for smaller operators by established in 1988, and swiftly became an Scientific Research (TNO) and entered important of the pipeline-industry contracting operation in 1996-7. Rapidly achieving of geometry and diameter to be inserted. Investing in the future bringing all inspection and analysis activities firm founded by Arie Hak in the late 1940s. At success, the device was equipped with the Spools with machined or actual defects can A.Hak Industrial Services is undoubtedly ‘under one roof’. It’s easy to see that the ‘roof’ that time, the company’s founder saw the early version of the company’s successful similarly be added to allow tool performance impressive, and is clearly investing in its own in question is already built; undoubtedly, need to transport pipes and undertake rotating-mirror ultrasonic transducer system, to be verified, the company’s skilled staff to and its industry’s future. While the new solutions to the remaining challenges will not excavations for the country’s rebuilding which allowed real-time results to be be comprehensively trained, and its clients centre, now fully operational, certainly be far behind. efforts after the Second World War, giving rise provided. Both the PipeCat and Tailpig could to the establishment of his eponymous pass through pipeline geometries that, until transport and contracting company. that time, had been thought impossible for In 1963, Mr Hak went on to found A.Hak any online inspection tool to traverse. Pijpleidingen (A.Hak Pipelines), a new In 1999, the division made another great company that added pipeline construction to advance with its further development of the its activities. The company’s work was greatly Piglet tool that was initially applied to expanded by contracts with Nederlandse furnace-tube inspections where 1,80o, 1-D Gasunie to transport pipes for its expanding bends were the norm. It rapidly became network being constructed to transport gas modified for pipeline inspections, the first of from the Groningen offshore fields in the which was a 36 inch diameter, 8 km long, 1970s. In 1983, the company’s current owner loading line. Though free-swimming and Willem van Geenhuizen bought A.Hak pushed along by the flow in the pipeline Pijpleidingen from the Hak family, and has being inspected, the Piglet inspection system been its owner and chairman ever since. is equipped with a fibre-optic umbilical cable Between then and now, A.Hak on an on-board reel for control and data Pijpleidingen has transformed into transmission. The tool’s measuring system A.Hakpark, a group of companies that offers uses ultrasonic waves for measuring the wall comprehensive solutions not only for thickness and inner radius of the pipe via a The A.Hak training and technology centre pipe loop. pipeline construction and specialist pipeline pulse towards the pipe wall sent from a services, but also for the transport and centrally-mounted transducer. The pulses associated software gives an immediate distribution of electricity and data, generated by the transducer are reflected analysis of pipe wall thickness, features, and telecommunications, lighting, and towards the pipe wall via a rotating mirror, anomalies. The data is stored for more- sustainable energy. A.Hakpark also owns its which enables measurements to be taken of detailed post-run analyses, which are own drilling company, a coating company, the complete circumference of the pipe. normally undertaken at the company’s and production facilities for installations, Depending on the diameter of the pipeline Romanian office, and passed to the Tricht machinery, and masts. The company has and the area of the surface to be inspected, headquarters in the Netherlands before being also built on its strong foundations to be the travelling speed of the Piglet through the given to the client in what is often a three-four both a major pipelaying contractor as well as pipe can range from 200 m/hr to 1 km/hr. week turn round. a provider of a wide range of specialty Data gathered by the tool is stored onboard When the Piglet reaches the end of its pipeline services ranging from welding to and transmitted in real time via the fibre-optic run, it is returned to the launch point by nitrogen services (obtained from UCISCO cable back to the operator, where the simply reversing the flow; the hair-width

28 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 29 pigging meet the company Creating complete solutions: a look at Lincoln Electric Figure 1: Latest generation UTCD tool used on this project. Established in 1895, Lincoln Electric is a global manufacturer and the market leader of high-quality welding, cutting and joining products. Here, Pipelines International looks at the company whose Design improvements on a new passion for the industry has helped complete many successful pipeline projects. incoln Electric is a world leader in the Director of Global Marketing & Product design, development and Development Steve Sumner says “Lincoln generation UT in-line inspection Lmanufacture of arc welding products, provides industry-specific welding solutions robotic arc welding systems, fume extraction to a variety of vertical market segments, equipment and plasma and oxyfuel cutting including pipeline, pipe mill, offshore, crack tool: a case study equipment. The company also has a leading power generation, processing industries, global position in the brazing and soldering shipbuilding, heavy equipment By Mark Slaughter, Global Product Line Manager – ILI, Weatherford alloys market. manufacturing, maintenance and repair, and Headquartered in Cleveland, Ohio, structural steel bridge and building United States, Lincoln Electric has a construction – all focused on reducing total In 2010, Weatherford was awarded a contract to inspect four sections of the Adria – Wien Pipeline worldwide network of manufacturing, cost and improving quality.” using the latest generation of angled beam ultrasonic crack detection tools. distribution, sales and technical support covering more than 160 countries. Working on the pipelines he Adria – Wien Pipeline (AWP) GmbH ultrasonic crack detection (UTCD) tools During the verification process Weatherford The company has an enduring passion Lincoln Electric products have been operates a 416 km crude oil pipeline (Figure 1). New sensor technology and provided a verification specialist to aid AWP for the development and application of its utilised on countless pipeline projects connecting the Transalpine Pipeline, electronics were developed specifically for personnel in locating, classifying and technologies which allows it to create throughout the years. Lincoln Electric provides complete welding solutions T to the pipeline industry focused on reducing cost complete solutions that make customers from Würmlach at the Italian-Austrian border, improving the bend capability, crack identifying the dimensions of the selected and improving quality. with the Schwechat Refinery near Vienna, detection and sizing performance. Another anomalies. All four verified locations more productive and successful. Continued on page 32 ›› Austria. It delivers oil supplies to Austria from objective was to improve specification confirmed the ILI predicted measurements the Italian oil terminal in Trieste. capability in difficult pipeline environments. were within stated tolerances. The diameter of the main pipeline is All diameters are now 1.5D bend capable In addition to the ILI analysis, an 18 inches and, divided into three sections, with combo capability on ≥ 14 inch pipelines. API 579 assessment was performed which encompasses a 30 inch diameter, 4 km section enabled the operator to confidently continue of pipeline that connects the main pipeline Summary of crack inspection field to operate the asset with an understanding of with the Transalpine pipeline (TAP). The operations remaining strength factors and maximum pipeline was constructed in 1970 from A geometry survey was performed allowable operating pressure pursuant to seam-welded pipe material conforming to prior to mobilisation. The crew was industry standards. This assessment enabled API 5L Grade X52 standard, with a nominal mobilised from an ILI base in Germany to the operator to monitor defect growth wall thickness ranging from 6.35 mm to 9.52 provide the turnkey service that included following future inspections. mm. The pipeline has an external bitumen pre-inspection cleaning by magnetic and coating with an inlay of glass fiber fleece. brush scrapers, a gauge pig run, and the Conclusion Several in-line inspection (ILI) surveys were UTCD inspection runs. As pipeline integrity operations are performed in 1991, 2000, 2006 and 2010 using After the tool run and data evaluation it comprised of several stages it was important to geometry, magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and was determined the UTCD tool accurately meet AWP’s schedule. All four sections were ultrasonic (UT) tools to determine the recorded the locations, crack sizes and completed within the scheduling parameters. condition of the pipeline and identify any crack-like anomalies. Also reported were The technology advancements made to the potential threats to the integrity of the pipeline. axially-oriented manufacturing anomalies. new generation crack tool improved the The project scope called for identification After completion of the field inspection accuracy of the data collected. The projects of all axial cracks, crack-like anomalies in work Weatherford performed analysis of the preparation and planning, tool technology, welded seams and parent material. Following recorded data and provided AWP with a and positive client-vendor collaboration the crack detection survey Weatherford also preliminary report. The preliminary report contributed to a successful project. performed a crack assessment in accordance included all reportable cracks, crack-like and In accordance with the vendor’s internal with API 579. axially-oriented anomalies. Based on project management performance indicators, analysis of the preliminary report AWP the scope was delivered on time, within budget Latest generation ultrasonic initially selected four locations in order to forecast and to the client’s satisfaction. Also, crack detection tools verify the accuracy of the defect sizing and from the vendor’s perspective, this was a very Prior to inspecting this pipeline, location. The four features excavated successful and important project, successfully Weatherford had invested in the comprised of two cracks, one crack-like and introducing the newest generation UTCD tool development of a new generation of one longitudinal weld anomaly. to the European market.

30 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 31 meet the company pipeline equipment – pipelayers and sidebooms

Increasing safety and efficiency: the sideboom arm

For over 26 years Traportadora Fretão has been active in leasing machinery and equipment for pipeline construction in Brazil. Here, Pipelines International speaks with Executive Manager Rafael C. Arnaldi about the company’s sideboom arm, which helps to increase efficiency and safety during

Lincoln Electric offers the latest specialised pipeline projects. consumable products engineered for welding modern, high-yield and high-strength materials. raportadora Fretão’s sideboom arm, which also goes by its trade name the TSide-Eficas, was developed to comply with the safety and environment requirements of Brazilian company Petrobras. Until recently, Lincoln Electric welding equipment and consumables have been used on pipeline projects for nearly 100 years. sidebooms used in Brazil were mounted on traditional bulldozers CAT-D8. Traportadora Fretão Executive Manager The company also has a focus on Keystone, South Stream, Nabucco, TANAP Rafael C. Arnaldi says “We used 30 years of specialised consumables for high-strength and and the Shah Deniz project (Phase 2). experience of Carrier Fretão, the oldest and other alloyed materials through the The company will also continue its biggest company of our group, to develop acquisition of companies like Techalloy and extensive activities in research and equipment used today in Brazil for the Weartech, as well as increased capabilities in development for the transmission pipeline construction of pipelines. the area of systems automation with the recent industry. These include solutions for welding “We have over 20 traditional sidebooms additions of Arc Products and Wayne Trail. modern high-yield pipe steels, such as new in our fleet, however we have to evolve as a consumables development for high-strength company and seek more efficient solutions With cutting-edge solutions for mechanised and hybrid Training and safety materials and strain-based design. laser welding, Lincoln Electric is positioned to meet the for our customers. Employees at Lincoln Electric have “The company is working on developing The Side-Eficas in action. evolving needs of the pipeline industry. “It is our vision to see the evolution of intense training to make sure they are new and updated welding processes and technology in pipeline construction,” says up-to-date with technologies and practices waveform technology for improved pipeline ‹‹ Continued FROM page 31 Mr Arnaldi. lowering a pipe, the lateral position is most savings and productivity for the contractor,” in the industry. integrity at faster welding speeds and appropriate as it allows the operator greater Mr Arnaldi says. “Lincoln Electric equipment, Mr Sumner says that the technical sales refining solutions to support the move Easy to operate visibility and agility in movement along the consumables, process innovations and and support staff are immersed in an toward mechanised/automated processes During the project, one of the ditch,” Mr Arnaldi explains. Working on all terrains application solutions have been used on intensive training programme for the first six and new, cutting-edge processes such as company’s concerns was to maintain the The Side-Eficas can be used in any type of thousands of major pipeline projects to nine months of employment. The hybrid laser welding,” Mr Sumner says. functionality and safety of the equipment, Advantages to pipeline terrain. Mr Arnaldi says that the tests around the world. Several well-known company also provides regular, ongoing One of the challenges Lincoln Electric while maintaining a competitive cost. construction performed and the projects that the Side- projects, such as the Alaska Pipeline and technical training focused on both existing foresees for the future is the implementation The accessory can be used on any Mr Arnaldi says that the main Eficas has been used on have indicated that the West-East China Project (WEPP 1 & and emerging welding technologies, of more stringent requirements for weld excavator of any size or brand; however, advantages of the Side-Eficas compared the equipment can work in any type of terrain WEPP II), Langled Underwater Pipeline applications and processes. strength, toughness and mechanical some minor adjustments are needed for the to traditional sidebooms are: without restrictions. (largest ever under water), and the BTC “Welder safety is always of utmost properties resulting from the move toward project so that the fittings are perfect. This • Increased reliability The Side-Eficas has been successfully project have all used Lincoln Electric importance. Lincoln Electric is on the higher-strength materials, mechanised occurs due to changes in the dimensions of • Lower fuel consumption utilised in the construction of GASPAL products,” Mr Sumner says. leading edge when it comes to the processes and even hybrid laser applications. different equipment. • Lower emissions rate pipeline, by Galvão Engenharia construction In addition, the company offers a wide development of new equipment, fume “With strain-based design and higher “The operation is extremely simple, it is • Lower operating costs company, as well as on the construction of the array of products and application solutions removal systems, personal protective gear, strength steels, we will see an increased use an accessory built for use in a common • Provides greater comfort and safety Ipojuca – Pillar Pipeline, with construction specifically engineered and designed to processes and procedures aimed at keeping of engineering critical assessment (ECA), excavator with some minor changes in the for the operator company OAS, both of which are based in address the welding challenges faced by the operator and the entire work where weld quality defect sizing will play a control settings,” Mr Arnaldi says. • More accurate commands Brazil. Currently the Side-Eficas is being used pipeline construction and maintenance environment safe. The key to improving major role in contractor repair rates with One of the key advantages of the • Versatility to operate on the side or the on a construction site in Salvador, Bahia, in contractors. The company also provides safety, however, lies in education. While the effects on pipeline construction costs. Side-Eficas over the traditional sideboom is front of the excavator Brazil by the construction company Sinopec. welding training to pipeline contractors products and technology available today are Another big challenge is the diminishing that it can be mounted on the front or the • Load and tilt sensors for the boom Mr Arnaldi says “During the early stages of focused on productivity improvements, better than ever, they are only effective when availability of skilled workers able to perform side of an excavator. • Safer and faster winches the project we had intensive monitoring of the safety, quality and efficiency. used properly,” Mr Sumner says. pipeline welding,” Mr Sumner says, “which “Depending on the type of activity that is • Easy and fast transportation. equipment and operators. Once the work was One of the main changes in operations is why Lincoln provides such extensive run, we have the flexibility to place the “This last advantage is considered one complete, we had a meeting with the over the last ten years for the company has What the future holds training for the industry.” Side-Eficas frontways or sideways. For of the most important characteristics. The engineers responsible for the projects to verify been its international growth – with When asked about what transmission example, for loading or unloading pipe sideboom is able to self-load onto on a compliance with Side-Eficas goals. In all cases expanded operations and manufacturing projects the company has planned to be For more information visit lengths, a front position is best suited trailer without the need for disassembly of there were extremely positive reviews and into countries such as China, India, Brazil working on over the next two years, Mr www.lincolnelectric.com because it facilitates operation and increases the boom or counterweight, dispensing the confirmation of the characteristics we sought and Russia. Sumner said they will be involved in safety on the construction site. If used for aid of a team. This translates into greater during the project development.”

32 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 33 PLM 2012 Gear Up PipeIntel HR_ADJ.pdf 1 11/09/12 10:49 AM

pipeline equipment – pipelayers and sidebooms

Utility applications on a pipeline jobsite By Dawn Rivera, Marketing & Communications Manager, PipeLine Machinery International

When scheduling equipment for a pipeline project, construction companies around the world choose a pipelayer based on a number of factors that include lift capacity, condition of jobsite terrain, environmental concerns, and safety features.

he pipelayer operators are trained and have a thorough understanding of the Tmachine’s capabilities – knowing what to expect out of the pipelayer when laying pipe. However, the uses for a pipelayer go beyond just working with pipe. As carefully as pipe handling is planned, preparation is also needed in handling utility applications. Utility functions should not be a matter of lifting, carrying, and lowering other applications on the fly. C When it comes to jobsite safety, no This PL61 pipelayer is holding a facing machine for The same PL61 is also pulling a sled with the gen set, M amount of equipment technology or pipe preparation. which gives power to the facing machine. advanced machine design can replace Y appropriate operator training, safe work on, how it should be carried in order to dynamics, and the extendable hydraulic CM practices and proper operator awareness of maximise the pipelayer on slope type, and a counterweight provides a smooth, controlled MY jobsite conditions. familiarity with ground conditions. weight-balance adjustment. The compact CY Devising a plan would begin with a When assessing the weight and structure design of the counterweight provides complete understanding of what will happen of the application, the size of the pipelayer maximum lift capability and optimum CMY on the jobsite and preparing for the work to you choose becomes very important. For weight distribution. K be done. Take, for instance, the following instance, smaller utility applications may In addition, the lightweight, durable utility applications. A water pump will effectively be handled with a Cat® PL61 boom features high tensile strength steel sometimes be needed to drain a body of pipelayer with a 40,000 lb lift capacity. When construction for narrow structures and water. End-facing machines are often used to the sizing of the utility grows so should the maximum visibility to the work area. mill pipe prior to fitting and welding, and size of the pipelayer. Issues can also arise if the operator is held in place during operation. Welding Just as important as understanding the not completely aware of the site-specific shacks need to be lifted and lowered over weight, however, is the potential effect a ground conditions they will be working in. welding sites along miles of right-of-way. boom extension needed for the utility For example, earthen fills may give way Discussing these applications during a application may have on the machine with the weight of the pipelayer and rocky workers toolbox meeting would be a step in performance. The weight of a welding shack surfaces may promote side slipping. Side the right direction in avoiding any issues. can vary dramatically depending on pipe slopes can have a dramatic impact on size and region used, so when the load is machine stability, lift performance and Preparing for the job extended out it can demand a different other operating characteristics. With Job preparation for utility functions tolerance on the pipelayer. difficult terrain and a heavy load you will should include knowing where the The purpose built 72H pipelayer (lift want to choose the purpose built pipelayer application is being carried, how much it capacity of 90,000 lbs) offers an increase in best suited to the application. weighs, what type of slope you’ll be working lift capacity required by these changing Careful consideration must be given to all uses of the pipelayer prior to its operation on the slopes. There are always hidden When it comes to jobsite safety, no amount of equipment hazards, but with careful planning contractors will prevent accidents and technology or advanced machine design can replace reduce downtime on the project. appropriate operator training, safe work practices and proper operator awareness of jobsite conditions. To learn more about safe pipelayer operation visit www.safety.cat.com

34 Pipelines International | December 2012 risk assessment risk assessment

Pipeline risk assessment: risk profiling By W. Kent Muhlbauer, WKM Consultancy, LLC, Houston, TX, USA

In earlier instalments of this column, the essential elements of pipeline risk assessment were introduced. That guideline is a list of elements that must be included in any pipeline risk assessment before that assessment can be considered complete.

ollowing this guideline helps to ensure a technically sound risk assessment that should satisfy all stakeholders, including Fregulators, and provide useful decision-making support to Sample Figure: Comparing two pipeline risk profiles; risk (vertical axis) vs length (horizontal axis). owner/operators. The essential elements (EE) risk assessment is a quantitative risk assessment (QRA). has different characteristics from its neighbours. Every change in any Prior to any summarisation, however, the full profile itself reveals Numerical estimates of risk – a measure of some consequence over aspect creates a new segment, reflecting a different crack potential, some risk management challenges. Note the sample figure: the two time and space, like ‘losses per mile-year’ – are the most meaningful corrosion potential, ability to resist external force, consequence, or any pipelines have different lengths and widely different risk profiles. measures of risk that can be created. Anything less is a compromise. of dozens of other factors. This will generate many segments. Even if the risk estimates underlying these profiles is perfect, risk Compromises lead to inaccuracies; inaccuracies lead to diminished A potential criticism to this high-resolution approach is that management solutions are not immediately obvious – which pipeline decision-making, leading to misallocation of resources; leading to ‘management of such a high count of segments is problematic’. The warrants more immediate attention? Longer lengths of ‘medium risk’ more risk than necessary. Good risk estimates are highly valued. If the response is direct and intuitive – these segments are currently pipeline may be just as troubling as ‘risk spikes’. But without the most meaningful numbers can be achieved at the same cost as already being ‘managed’ in the real world. Each segment really does profiles, understanding of the risk is incomplete. compromise measures, why would you settle for less? W. Kent Muhlbauer. have failure issues distinct from the adjacent pipe and must be Proper risk management cannot even begin until the risk profile However, a pipeline QRA risk assessment differs in important ways managed accordingly. The risk assessment should acknowledge this is understood. That is why the profile is an essential element of from a QRA typically seen in the nuclear, chemical, and aerospace populations vs individuals, behaviour is much more accurately reality. Furthermore, with today’s computers, high segment counts pipeline risk assessment. industries. In this instalment, let’s note some key differences and predicted for populations compared to individuals. cause no real efficiency issues. examine the essential element dealing with one of those differences Traditional QRA relies heavily on historical incident rates. When – the need for a risk profile. applied to pipelines, this means that a pipeline – a population of pipe Risk management segments in varying environments – is modelled to behave as point The end game in risk assessment is of course risk management. In estimates of populations of other, supposedly comparable pipelines Profiles risk management practice as with risk assessment, a potentially high International Pipeline Management Services Ltd The idea of a risk profile – changes in risk over ‘space’ – is what – also collections of individual segments. As the foundation for a risk segment count emerging from full risk assessment should not be sets pipeline risk assessment apart from many other QRA applications. assessment, this is potentially very inaccurate. Let’s examine some of worrisome. The count will not be burdensome to processes that rely Traditional QRA is normally applied to facilities that do not occupy a the implied assumptions embedded in this approach: on the assessment results since profiles can be readily summarised. IPMS is a UK based independent oil and gas engineering and constantly changing ‘space’. Even air and spacecraft QRA’s have 1. Comparison population (collections of pipe segments from similar Proper aggregation allows a ‘summary’ risk value for any stretch of management consultancy providing project engineering and limited use of changing environmental conditions – they tend to focus pipelines) is accurately represented by a single value – ignoring pipe, regardless of the number of changes in risk properties along management support as well as specialist training courses to on the extreme conditions that govern design requirements. extremes is appropriate; i.e., the fact that some segments of the global oil and gas industry. that stretch. There are many similarities in QRA approaches, but some key pipelines may carry much less or much more risk, is not germane. Once a pipe section – a collection of segments – becomes a At IPMS, we are pleased to offer and deliver the following differences when applied to a pipeline. Pipeline QRA’s are best 2. Subject pipeline, considered as a whole, is fairly represented by the candidate for risk management, the initial drill-down quickly reveals engineering and specialist training services – performed using reductionism and are unique from others in several comparison population. the cause(s) of all risk issues. Risk mitigation plans are made • Onshore and subsea pipelines engineering key respects: 3. All parts of subject pipeline behave similarly – the sum of the parts accordingly. Proper aggregation is important since any improper • Materials and corrosion engineering 1. Efficient and independent examination of three distinct probability equals a value represented by the comparison. approach can lead to masking of real issues. This will be discussed • Process engineering of failure (PoF) ingredients: exposure, mitigation, resistance Obviously, such assumptions will very often be very incorrect. It is • Risk and reliability (FTA,ETA, FMECA) further in a subsequent article. 2. Methodology that accommodates long, linear assets with a classic error of using the behaviour of a population to estimate the Specialist training courses constantly changing environmental and loading conditions behaviour of an individual when trying to understand the individual • Pipeline integrity management 3. Substantially reduced reliance on historical incident rates. – i.e., what are the risk issues for this particular segment of pipeline? • Onshore and subsea pipelines engineering The creation of a risk profile is a key differentiating aspect. A profile Risk management occurs on the segment level. Future Column Topics • Risk and reliability acknowledges the unique aspects of long, linear assets, recognising The production of a profile forces the consideration of changing • The troubles with weightings • Bolted and flanged joint integrity that there are many ‘individual’ pipe segments among the ‘population’ factors along the route – pipe properties (wall thickness, age, coatings, • Threat interaction—a case of confusing terminology of segments that make up a pipeline. As with any treatment of etc.); operational parameters (pressure, temperature, etc.); and, the • Damage vs failure—an important distinction We look forward to receiving your valued enquiry, please many environmental changes (soil types, population density, nearby • Measuring damage potential—what is attacking? How contact us for our extensive range of services and courses Proper risk management cannot even structures, etc.). Some of these factors will change every few feet along effective are defences? Professor David Newman the pipeline. So, a key first step is to divide the pipeline into segments • Consequences of failure—Id the scenarios International Pipeline Management Services Ltd begin until the risk profile is understood. appropriate for risk analysis. • “The perfect storm” chain of events Telephone: +44 (0) 208 371 6962 • What if I don’t have much data? Telefax: +44 (0) 208 346 9184 That is why the profile is an essential Segmentation • How do I handle non-pipe assets? Mobile: +44 (0) 7584 747 560 element of pipeline risk assessment. The full risk assessment solution to any variation in any risk • Myth busting—I don’t have enough data Email: [email protected] Web: www.globalpetroleumgroup.com variable is to ‘dynamically segment’ on that variation. This means that a • Getting info from SME’s—facilitation! new segment should be created for any feature or length of pipe that

36 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 37 industry news industry news

Supporting long-line communications

Pipeline construction projects require clear radio and data communications along the entire length of the project to help ensure safety and successful completion. Nixon Communications can help provide these tools needed to get the job done.

subsidiary of global communications In addition to long line communications systems, Nixon leader Mine Site Technologies (MST), ANixon Communications designs, can rapidly deploy a suite of communications services manufactures provides turnkey solutions for such as internet, television, and camp communications to ‘long line’ communication requirements. The Nixon communication system is support construction crews in remote locations. ideal for construction work where a line of communications may be required for up to 1,000 km. Nixon is experienced in surveying the target alignment, designing the communications system, deploying towers costs. The unique MST towers are 100 inches audited accreditation covers the design, and fixed/mobile equipment, and high, and are collapsible into 10x10 inch supply, manufacture, installation and commissioning the system. sections, allowing easy transport. maintenance of communication equipment Nixon provides all of the equipment and Another advantage of the Nixon solution and systems. deployment along with field technicians is in providing the customer with seamless With hundreds of successful product who are experienced in dealing with the communications services along the pipeline installation in various industries and in most difficult installations, in any terrain. alignment, allowing the construction crews some of the world’s most difficult Once deployed, Nixon continues to support to focus on building the pipeline in the environments, Nixon Communications the on-going operation of the fastest and safest possible manner. provides a single communications solution Revitalising in-service capacity communications system by providing In addition to long line communications for all long line and pipeline applications. technical support and on-site repairs and systems, Nixon can rapidly deploy a suite of Pipeline engineering service provider OSD has refreshed its identity to reflect the maintenance when needed. communications services such as internet, changing nature of the oil and gas and mining industries on a global scale. Key to Nixon’s solution deployment is television, and camp communications to the ability to mobilise to remote sites using support construction crews in remote locations. For more information about SUVs rather than articulated vehicles or All systems that Nixon customers receive the Nixon system and to contact cranes. This facilitates access to difficult to are produced under the internationally Nixon Communications visit ore specifically, the large increase in OSD’s Oil & Gas division has teamed up of the 85 km West Angelas Petroleum (Gas) reach locations that could otherwise delay accredited standard, ISO9001:2008 (Sci-Qual www.nixon.com.au resource projects in Australia has with geospatial specialists to develop a Pipeline and Stations in the Pilbara Region deployment and add substantially to the International No. 435). The third party Mresulted in OSD extending its suite of semi-automated GIS methodology for the of Western Australia. capabilities to provide greater services to the highly repeatable detailed design of coal Continued growth in 2012 has enabled plant and terminal sectors, whilst continuing seam gas gathering systems. The system has OSD to expand its asset services capacity, to expand its asset service capabilities. software to assist the engineering function after commencing the operational OSD Plants recently completed the and reporting tools to automate the management contract of the 749 km detailed design of diesel storage tanks, production of deliverables such as alignment Tasmanian Gas Pipeline, taking the total Pipeline Leak Detection that Works production and inlet separators, pressure sheets and material take offs, and is flexible pipeline operations and maintenance vessels and lube oil tanks for Santos’ so that it can be easily adapted to accept serviced to over 2,000 km in Australia alone. Gladstone LNG Project’s upstream facilities, clients design criteria. On a global scale, OSD has commenced • Detects small leaks in seconds which are located in Queensland, Australia. In another joint venture, OSD teamed up work on slurry and hydro transportation The company has also successfully with KT Pipelines to undertake the pipelines in Europe, the Subcontinent, and • Better Performance in all completed two mine degassing projects. engineering, procurement and construction South America. Whilst in New Zealand, OSD metrics: leak size, time to has continued growth in asset services and detect, & leak location – all project management services, and by proven upon commissioning On a global scale, OSD has commenced work on slurry leveraging off the engineering capabilities of its Australian offices, has successfully • Cost Efficient, and easy and hydro transportation pipelines in Europe, the completed the detailed design of the major installation Subcontinent, and South America. transmission pipeline realignment on the North Island. [email protected] www.asel-tech.com Cell: +1 -281-794-3854 For more information, visit Phone: +1-832-437-1578 www.osdlimited.com

38 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 39 industry news

Pipeline failure consequence analysis: PipeTech shows the way

PipeTech, produced by Professor Haroun Mahgerefteh’s Interglobe Ltd, is a validated state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics computer programme for failure consequence analysis of pressurised pipelines. For a number of years PipeTech has been in use by major organisations including BP, Royal Dutch Shell, and the United Kingdom’s regulatory body, the UK Health and Safety Executive.

ipeTech has actively contributed to the safety assessment of coupled with a comprehensive ‘help’ file. The main output data, thousands of kilometres of pipelines in Canada, Kazakhstan, presented as Excel workbooks, include tabulated and graphical PBrazil, and the UK, and in 2005 won a prestigious Safety and presentations of mass discharge rate, rupture-plane pressure, Environment Best Practice Award from the UK-based Institution of discharge temperature, liquid and vapour components, and mole Chemical Engineers. fractions, as well as release velocity as a function of time and In introducing their software, Professor Mahgerefteh and his distance along the pipeline. The multiple pipeline option allows the colleague Dr Solomon Brown point out that pressurised pipelines simulation of the failure of pipelines containing up to ten pipeline contain very large quantities of material: as an example, a typical segments, and the results are presented in an accessible format that 150 km, 800 mm diameter pipeline transporting natural gas at 100 bar includes details of the simulation inputs. Release characteristics are contains almost 637 tonnes of inventory. This represents an enormous pre-plotted for immediate assessment. source of energy release if an incident occurs, and the consequences associated with accidental pipeline failure such as a fire, explosion, or atmospheric dispersion must be determined. Central to providing this information in a reliable manner is the accurate prediction of the fluid-discharge properties as they vary with 14 time, including flowrate, temperature, and pressure, as well as the fluid Curve A phase (gas or liquid) during the pipeline failure. These data provide the Curve B foundation for pipeline operators and safety authorities to determine 12 the minimum safe distances to populated areas, and formulate emergency-response planning. This particularly applies to the next- generation of CO2-transportation pipelines, given that CO2 released at 10 high concentrations is both toxic and an asphyxiant.

The discharge process when a high-pressure pipeline leaks or (bara) 8 ruptures is extremely complex and interactive, and the use of a rigorous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is essential in order to produce reliable pipeline failure-consequence data. The other, Pressure 6 more-simplified, approaches that are available in the industry are based on approximating the multi-component hydrocarbon mixture with a ‘pseudo’-fluid can result in significant errors. 4 Based on publication of the background theory in numerous refereed journals, validation against real data (see Figure 1 as an 2 example), and close collaboration with major end users and legislative organisations such as those mentioned above, PipeTech has been developed as the state-of-the-art pipeline rupture CFD software. 0 PipeTech accounts for all of the important phenomena taking place 0 5 10 15 20 25 during the depressurisation process, including fluid-phase-dependent heat transfer and frictional effects, multi-phase flow, non-ideal fluid Time (s) behaviour, and expansion-wave propagation. The software handles emergency-shutdown isolation, failure in pipeline networks, and terrain Figure 1: An example of PipeTech’s predictions (curve B) against data recorded following the full rupture of an LPG pipeline (curve A). topography, as well as fireball modelling. Among its more recent applications, PipeTech has been used to evaluate the suitability of exiting natural gas UK pipelines for transporting CO2, and for fracture-propagation assessment of ultra-high For further details please contact [email protected] pressure subsea pipelines in Brazil. or visit www.pipetechsoftware.com PipeTech has been designed with the user in mind and is easy to use. This is facilitated through the use of visual input interfaces

40 Pipelines International | December 2012 industry news industry news

A global perspective PARLOC re-launches database on pipeline geohazards By Robert Paterson, Health and Safety Director, Oil & Gas UK, Aberdeen, UK By Moness Rizkalla, Visitless Integrity Assessment Ltd, Calgary, AB, Canada The protection of people, the natural environment and physical assets is a key priority for the United ‘Geohazard’ management practice has advanced considerably in recent years, due to several factors: Kingdom offshore oil and gas industry, and a determining factor in its overall success. With that as global pipeline expansion in areas of difficult terrain, coupled with a greater understanding of the a consistent, high-level objective, the Pipeline Riser Loss of Containment (PARLOC) database is a prevalence of geohazards; business and regulatory drivers promoting the proactive management of dynamic online tool for recording subsea pipeline and riser loss of containment events, making a vital these hazards; and, an active peer community that is enabled with ever-improving tools to better contribution to continued safe and reliable operations. manage this class of pipeline integrity hazards.

‘ eohazards’ refer to natural 4. Erosion and upheaval displacement: that may later be focused on a smaller What are the benefits of PARLOC? attributes and one for incidents. While phenomena that threaten man-made transport of soil particles by surface water, subset to address during operations. The PARLOC system benefits integrity previously the database covered the whole of Gstructures such as earthquakes, groundwater or wind including backfill Pre-construction route refinements, managers and technical safety and pipeline the North Sea, only UKCS data is now being landsides or floods. With pipelines, the term erosion and right-of-way erosion. design mode changes (e.g. localised specialists who work for companies updated and maintained; historical North refers to a wider range of environmental loads 5. Geochemical: soil, rock or groundwater above-ground installations) and design operating on the UK continental shelf (UKCS) Sea-wide data has been retained for and effects, some of which are triggered by the chemistry including karst collapse and stage mitigations can avoid, or by allowing them to input, access and share interrogation purposes only. pipeline’s construction and operations. acid rock drainage. significantly mitigate, the associated real-time root cause information on These developments have been When assessing geohazards for an 6. Freezing of unfrozen ground: freezing of risks of many design-stage geohazards. containment losses. It is the only available supported by technical safety, environmental operating or proposed pipeline, compile an soil and groundwater including frost heave Frequently, although not globally, source of data on pipeline failure frequencies and pipeline specialists from Oil & Gas UK inventory of probable geohazards using the of pipelines and the groundwater flow landslides, hydrotechnics and tectonics on the UKCS and as such, is key to continued member companies and the system is following categories: interruption due to frost bulb development. (where applicable) are the targeted operational safety and environmental managed by Common Data Access Limited, a 1. Landslides/mass movement: movements 7. Thawing of permafrost terrain: thawing geohazard categories during operations. performance improvement. As the incident subsidiary of Oil & Gas UK. of large volumes of soil, rock or snow of frozen soil and ground ice including 2. Address the impact of geohazard data is anonymous, individual incidents including deep seated landslides, slope pipeline thaw settlement and thawing mechanisms on the ditch and right-of-way cannot be tied to specific pipelines, thereby Your input matters creep, debris flow and rock falls. slope instability. (RoW) as well as on the pipeline. In certain removing potential sensitivity issues and It has long been recognised that one of Robert Paterson. 2. Tectonics/seismicity: fault movement and 8. Unique soil structure: potentially cases mitigating geohazard impacts on the encouraging the sharing of data. the hardest things is to share and learn the liquefaction. detrimental soil characteristics ditch and RoW is essential for ensuring the The database can be considered a lessons of the past, and PARLOC is designed 3. Hydrotechnics: watercourse and water- including pipeline indentation due to pipeline’s or the environment’s integrity. starting point for identifying potential to facilitate this for subsea pipeline and body hydrodynamics including river bed boulders and cobbles, residual and 3. Identify and address potential combination hazards and for indicating the likely riser systems. The system, however, is only It has long been recognised scour, lateral channel migration and sensitive soils. and triggering relationships in cases of frequency of loss of containment events for a as good as the data it contains and the coastal inundation. 9. Desert mechanisms: desert conditions collocated geohazards. particular pipeline. It also provides an value of PARLOC lies in accumulating that one of the hardest such as dune migration and flash flooding. While mindful of corporate responsibilities indication of the historic levels of reliability information on as many incidents as things is to share and learn Future GEOHAZARD article topics 10. Volcanic mechanisms: active volcanoes to the environment, geohazards should be achieved in operating UKCS pipelines. possible to ensure maximum benefit for the include: including ash falls and lahars. managed from the pipeline out, as opposed In doing so, data contained in PARLOC wider oil and gas industry. the lessons of the past, When conducting an assessment, various to a purely geotechnical treatment of the can provide the basis for a quantitative UKCS operators are encouraged to • Methodologies of pipeline actions should be undertaken when hazard. Incorporating pipeline structural risk-based approach to ensure safety and contribute to PARLOC on an ongoing basis and PARLOC is designed geohazard assessments protect the environment, reducing the and to ensure company data is up to date, • Data requirements and sources for the establishing an inventory of potential capacity in evaluating geohazard probabilities to facilitate this for subsea pipeline geohazards, including the following. of failure is a key technical consideration, likelihood of costly failures in the future. The including completing legacy data where assessment of pipeline geohazards pipeline and riser systems. • Innovations of pipeline geohazard 1. Consider a larger inventory of geohazards and it becomes important to differentiate data helps to inform pipeline design and possible. The latter are those that have been monitoring and mitigation. during the design, route selection and between longitudinal and transverses good operational practice, enabling previously reported to the Department of permitting stage of a pipeline’s life cycle geohazard/pipeline interaction. operators to satisfy the requirements of the Energy and Climate Change under Petroleum UK-based Pipelines Safety Regulations 1996 Operations Notice 1 (PON1) or to the HSE and other relevant legislation. It also under Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Pipeline provides valuable input for installation Dangerous Occurrences (RIDDOR) legislation. safety case study reviews. Oil & Gas UK needs the proactive support How to subscribe Geohazard of operators to ensure that PARLOC has a PARLOC is available to subscribers via Re-launched and revamped direct and positive bearing on offshore safety Managing your pipeline Management www.ukdeal.co.uk, a website which PARLOC was originally conceived and environmental protection. facilitates access to data for the oil integrity needs following the inquiry led by Lord Cullen into Oil & Gas UK is the leading and gas industry. Access to the the 1988 Piper Alpha disaster. It is supported representative body for the UK offshore oil website and guidance on how to input by Oil & Gas UK, the UK’s Health and Safety and gas industry. It is a not-for-profit, operator data can be requested by RoW Executive (HSE) and the Energy Institute. member-owned and member-led emailing [email protected] www.via-plus.net Initially produced as a paper document, organisation, and the only trade association Encroachment the data was first published online in 2009. to represent all types and sizes of companies Monitoring In June this year, the system was re-launched that operate in or provide services to the UK For more information contact with two databases, one for pipeline offshore oil and gas industry. [email protected]

42 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 43 terrain review terrain review

and near surface soil stratigraphy. In terms improvements in pipe mechanical Working through permafrost: of pipeline design and integrity resistance to deformation that allows for a management, the critical sections will be wider operational envelope for pipeline located in areas of discontinuous permafrost, resistance to geotechnical loads that is particularly ice rich conditions where associated with frost heave or thaw pipelines in arctic terrain differential ground movement can induce settlement. Moreover, advancements in By Dr Shawn Kenny, Wood Group Chair in Arctic and Harsh Environments Engineering, Associate Professor, large out-of-plane displacement and axial measurement, monitoring, inspection and strain in the pipeline section. communication technologies have Memorial University of Newfoundland Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, St Johns, NF, Canada Project specific strain-based design enhanced operational integrity framework and operational management management programmes. programmes will often be developed to Arctic technology development has The development of natural resources, such as oil, gas and minerals, in arctic regions is presented address these issues with respect to integrity, progressed based on adaptations from with technical challenges and constraints that impact the adopted engineering philosophy and safety and environmental protection. industry experience on proven systems approach. Key attributes include the harsh physical climate, environmental sensitivity, remote approach to promote practical engineering location, limited infrastructure, and limited skilled labour resources. These factors influence the Engineering innovations solutions, with reliable and predictable synthesis of practical engineered solutions that must address technical issues, economics, safety, Pipeline engineering innovations that outcomes that satisfy performance targets, have evolved over the past 40 years include such as technical, economics and safety. human factors and logistics. effective and efficient construction Analogues, like flow assurance in deep Trans-Alaska Pipeline System with thermosyphons. technologies such as ditch equipment to water in the oil and gas industry, and n addition to the above, the advancement evolutionary history related to the local programmes and field studies on terrain construct trenches and backfill pipelines for potentially other industries can be leveraged. of built civilian environments such as geology, climate, vegetation, soil type and soil disturbance effects from natural processes burial, and low pressure ground vehicles for It is expected that future projects will sensor and communication technologies for buildings, roads, airstrips and utilities, properties. Permafrost may be characterised as and industrial activities such as development access to sensitive terrain. Heat management capitalise on the established arctic experience pipeline monitoring and leak detection, I strategies have advanced through the where this legacy will move forward with advanced engineering tools to simulate large are also affected by the technical challenges. reticulated ice or massive ground ice, where of civil infrastructure and oil and gas The geographic context of the arctic the former presents the most significant activities, such as exploration, drilling, and development of passive (e.g., insulation) and increasing scale of investment to advance the deformation ground movement events, and region is generally defined by the Arctic engineering challenges. The distribution of facilities and pipeline operations. active measures (e.g., thermosyphons, drivers for technology innovation. on-going studies looking to qualify new Circle that circumnavigates the northern permafrost varies from continuous in high Another major source of expertise was operational temperature cycling). Examples include the development of trenching systems with extended hemisphere at the latitude 66° 30’ N. latitudes, with transitions from discontinuous, acquired through large-scale northern The development of advanced materials high strength linepipe with improved performance capabilities to meet the Alternative views of the arctic region can be sporadic, isolated and non-existent for pipeline tests sites (e.g. Fairbanks, Sans and fabrication technologies has provided deformation capacity, integration of new expected burial depth requirements. based on phytogeographic, physiographic increasing southerly latitudes. Sault) investigating pipeline operations in and isothermal considerations. For pipeline systems in these regions, permafrost. The importance and value of this The arctic can be depicted as a harsh, which are extended linear networks similar to legacy has been recognised by the oil and bleak and demanding physical environment. utility, rail or road networks, our experience gas industry. Successful outcomes have been Due to the northern latitudes, the arctic can and engineering studies has identified the realised by integrating this experience in the be subject to extended periods of daylight, potential impact of terrain disturbance on the design and operation of proven engineered twilight, and darkness with atmospheric long-term performance and stability of ground systems where successful strategies for temperatures ranging from -50° C to +30° C in permafrost as a key issue for engineering mitigating the effects of terrain disturbance concert with seasonal changes. The circumpo- design, construction and operations. have been demonstrated. Examples of this lar ecosystems; however, express a vibrant Minimising sustained impact associated experience include operational (e.g. Alpine, and diverse portrait with unique habitats for with terrain disturbance is the primary CANOL, Norman Wells, Trans-Alaska flora and fauna. concern where the focus is on limiting the Pipeline System) and proposed (e.g. Alaska While the effects of climate change have effects from any change in the thermodynamic Pipeline Project, Mackenzie Gas Project) been identified as a significant threat to the conditions (i.e. soil temperature profile) and pipeline systems. arctic, the research literature indicates that hydrological patterns (i.e. surface and ground the direct and local impact of human water). Enhanced recovery of the permafrost Operating in permafrost activity – in terms of the footprint, intensity regime can be achieved by adopting proven For pipeline systems, the operational and cumulative effects – must also be construction practices that include winter condition will play a major role in shaping assessed in terms of the environmental activities (e.g. low ground pressure vehicles, the key engineering principles adopted in sensitivity, response and recovery that may snow cover), erosion management (e.g. trench the design for permafrost regions. Hot lines occur with natural processes or remedial backfill drainage and erosion control, slope will tend to generate a thaw bulb (i.e., intervention. For onshore infrastructure, erosion), and terrain reclamation and associated with ground subsidence) and are the presence of permafrost terrain features, re-vegetation strategies (e.g. natural succes- typically placed above ground on vertical and potential for sustained impact due to sion, proactive measures). support members. Chilled lines will tend to terrain disturbance, is one of the most In response to potential oil and gas develop a frost bulb (i.e., associated with significant issues to be assessed when safely development activities, significant vertical uplift) and are typically trenched progressing developments in these regions. experience has been acquired since the late and buried below ground. 1960s on strategies to mitigate the potential The primary objective is to maintain the Ground permafrost a key issue consequences of terrain disturbance in integrity and stability of the ground Permafrost can be described as any region permafrost ground conditions and enhance permafrost while benefiting the pipeline where the ground temperature remains below terrain recovery. This knowledge base has operational integrity. Other physiographic freezing (0° C) for more than two years. The been developed over the past 40 years factors may also influence the design presence of ground permafrost has a complex through laboratory investigations, research synthesis; such as topography, hydrology

44 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 45 projects projects

status or reforested for safety reasons, planting regulations, especially regarding the quality supplier WINGAS, includes GASCADE measures are carried out in other places. of the material and the welding seams, using Gastransport GmbH, which operates a gas In regard to safety, strict safety pressure and permeability tests. Thereafter, pipeline network more than 2,000 km long regulations were adhered to, to ensure that the pipeline is monitored round the clock,” across Germany there was no danger for people or the Mr von dem Bussche said. NEL Gastransport GmbH will perform environment along the pipeline. OPAL NEL transport GmbH will perform the tasks of network operator now that NEL “The engineers checked the pipeline the tasks of network operator for the OPAL is commissioned. The company is part of the several times before it became operational to natural gas pipeline. It is part of the W & G W & G Group, based in Kassel, along with Laying pipe on the North European Gas Pipeline. ensure it complied with all of the rules and Group, which, in addition to natural gas GASCADE and OPAL NEL transport.

LUBMIN The pipeline Filling the European gap: MECKLENBURG Operating pressure: up to 100 bar Capacity: over 20 Bcf/a (= a fifth of Germany’s natural gas requirements) REHDEN Lower saxony Investment sum: ~ €1 billion the NEL pipeline (~$US1.3 billion)

After just 15 months of construction, the 440 km North European Gas Pipeline commenced on time on 1 November 2012, at the same time as the second line of the Nord Stream Pipeline – which has now been completed. Construction schedule ogether with the Ostsee-Pipeline- was necessary to adjust the route of a 40 km to be ordered, manufactured, checked and The route Commenced: 2011 Anbindungsleitung – Baltic Sea long section south of Hamburg in the Winsen delivered to the right location so that they can Total length: 440 km Completed: 2012 TPipeline Link (OPAL), which has and Stelle areas. A new planned pipeline be welded together before disappearing into already been in operation for approximately route, the so-called ‘southern alternative’, is the ground. one year, the North European Gas Pipeline currently undergoing the required “Even the smallest flaw in one of the For more information visit www.nel-pipeline.de (NEL) provides a link between the major authorisation process. This section is expected welding seams must be ruled out – that’s why natural gas reserves in Siberia and the West to be completed in the second half of 2013. the pipeline has to be thoroughly checked European gas supply network. The new planned route for NEL, termed several times before it is brought on stream.” The pipeline transports natural gas the ‘NEL South Variant’ covers a distance of The pipeline will have an outer coating of arriving through Nord Stream in Lubmin near approximately 35 km and would pass a large synthetic material polyethylene and active Unpiggable? Think again... Greifswald in Germany, through Mecklenburg- distance south of the nearby towns of Stelle, anti-corrosion protection. Western Pomerania and Lower Saxony to the Winsen and Seevetal, and is being Mr von dem Bussche said “The pipeline Think InVista™ • Ultrasonic ILI network connection point at Rehden, from constructed by E.ON Ruhrgas. itself is not commissioned until it is approved technology where the natural gas can either be The new plans mean that commissioning by independent experts from TÜV, Germany’s transported onward to German and West of the section of NEL in Lower Saxony Technical Inspection Agency. ” • Wall loss and European customers or be fed directly into between the Rivers Elbe und Weser is geometry data West Europe’s largest gas storage facility expected to be delayed by a year. Environment and safety • Bi-directional NEL Gastransport GmbH Director Some of the natural gas flowing via the The effects of NEL on its natural Christoph von dem Bussche said “NEL plugs a Nord Stream Pipeline and destined for surroundings were examined very closely • Multi-diameter gap in the European natural gas transport Western European markets is to be even in the planning stage: the regional • 1.0D bend radius infrastructure and, together with Nord Stream transported further by means of the existing planning procedure and the planning and the already completed OPAL pipeline pipeline systems of ONTRAS – VNG approval process included environmental • Integrated solution: link, strengthens supply security in Germany Gastransport and Gasunie Deutschland in the impact assessments. inspection + and Europe.” north of Germany so as to by-pass the section Mr von dem Bussche said “These are a key fitness-for-service The 56 inch diameter, 100 bar operating south of Hamburg. factor in the decision-making and approval assessment pressure pipeline will transport up to “As a result of these measures, NEL will be process for the project. The building contractor 20 Bcm/a of natural gas, which is equivalent able to be put into operation as scheduled at discusses ecological aspects that have to be to around a fifth of annual consumption the end of 2012,” Mr von dem Bussche said. considered in the route planning in close in Germany. This means NEL can already make a consultation with nature protection “A total of more than 24,500 pipe contribution to further enhancing supply associations and agencies. segments, each of around 18 m in length and security with partial capacities of about “The workers are by no means finished 15 tonnes in weight, have to be laid,” Mr von 20 per cent. when the work on the dedicated track has dem Bussche said. been completed; new trees are planted and the Pipeline details earth is loosened again after having being +1 281 786 4700 The south variant Mr von dem Bussche said “The compressed by construction vehicles.” www.QuestIntegrity.com/pi Work on building NEL commenced in the construction of a pipeline is a mammoth In order to make up for narrow tracks in first half of 2011, and while the pipeline was project, even in terms of the project the woods left behind by the pipeline, which A TEAM Industrial Services Company completed in record time in many sections, it parameters: several thousand steel pipes have could not be entirely restored to their previous

46 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 47 recruitment recruitment

While this may pose some risks, it is an Foreign worker recruitment is a complicated process option that companies should consider, but The ‘dos and don’ts’ of overseas not without a good understanding of that can take several months from start to finish. It can potential ramifications for the individual and the variations in assessment. involve as many as three layers of government over recruitment: Canadian focus With some exceptions, officers two countries, and it is important to remember that the representing Citizenship & Immigration By Daniel Hirschkorn, Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (ICCRC- R506558) Director, Western Canada at offices abroad will be assessing decisions made can deeply affect the lives of the foreign Canadian Immigration Services the foreign applicant’s medical condition, workers to be employed. work experience, criminal past (more Over the last decade, recruiting foreign workers has gained popularity due to the shortage of skilled appropriately, a lack thereof) and general background. Interviews are often a part of workers in the Canadian oil and gas industry. Here, Western Canadian Immigration Services explains the process. Approval rates to work in how best to go about hiring foreign employees. Canada vary based on country, from a 10 per cent approval rate in Cambodia (2008 statistics) to a near perfect approval rate in hat is a temporary foreign Recent immigrants have the authorisation Iceland. Timelines for assessment also vary, worker? A foreign national in to remain in Canada permanently and at from less than one month in Rome to 12 WCanada working is a ‘temporary some point will presumably become a months in the Philippines and 24 months in foreign worker’. Canadian citizen. Singapore (as at the time of writing). A company interested in hiring a foreign The Social Insurance Number of a worker would apply for a Labour Market temporary foreign worker will always begin Looking deeper into consultants Opinion (LMO). The Canadian Government with a ‘9’. If companies are unsure about a Most provinces in Canada prohibit Body Service Canada handles these new hire, this is one indicator that you can charging a fee for finding employment. applications and assesses the impact a leverage to then legally ask “can I see your Citizenship & Immigration Canada and foreign national would have on the local work permit please?” Service Canada is well aware of this. If labour market. A positive or neutral approached by a company providing workers determination would result in an approval How to determine the wage for ‘free’, some questions need to be asked. for the company. threshold For semi-skilled workers, the minimum Part of this assessment is an examination Approximately one year ago, the wage responsibilities of the company are to cover of wages offered by the company to foreign employers were required to pay foreign airfare and recruitment fees. For skilled workers. An approval, at the least, stipulates workers could be best described as the workers, airfare is not required, but covering that the employer pays ‘equal or greater ‘average wage’, a calculation factoring in recruitment fees often is. wages’ to what locals would be receiving in market research and based on the arithmetic Balancing provincial with federal law the same position and location. mean. Recently this has changed – Service Daniel Hirschkorn. can be confusing in this area, but it is best to A recent immigrant should not to be Canada is now requiring a company to match err on the side of caution. confused with a temporary foreign worker. the median wage of the position. Some The licence required to provide any sort would argue that the median is more of immigration services is highly regulated. Balancing provincial with federal law can be confusing in accurately indicative of the reality of the test One must hold an immigration consulting group at hand, while others would point out licence or be a lawyer in order to provide this area, but it is best to err on the side of caution. that the median skews the reality, especially these services. In fact, the regulations have when comparing a workplace of hundreds of tightened to the point that Human Resource unionised workers to a workplace of six departments are not allowed to provide any non-union workers. immigration advice or services unless they Once that first step of applying through hold a licence to do so. This law has been in the LMO is approved (processing times vary existence for more than one year, but the by region from one month to four months), education of the general public is still in the selected foreign worker for employment process. A quick ‘Bill C-35’ search online will must seek approval from Citizenship & provide the appropriate information. Immigration Canada. This is done at the It is important for companies that are Canadian Embassy based in the workers’ unsure of the requirements to seek advice. country of residence. For example, a South Under the Immigration and Refugee African welder living in Hungary would Protection Act of Canada, ignorance is no apply through Vienna, Austria, for admission excuse. Foreign worker recruitment is a to Canada to work. complicated process that can take several months from start to finish. It can involve as Bringing workers in many as three layers of government over There is a list of countries whose citizens two countries, and it is important to do not require visas to travel to Canada. remember that the decisions made can Workers from these countries can apply at deeply affect the lives of the foreign workers the port of entry for admission as a worker. to be employed.

48 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 49 recruitment recruitment

environments, companies must be sure to Teams should come together to train Strategies for crisis select people with the appropriate frequently to ensure they are fully prepared About the author characteristics. for an emergency situation. Nick Stocker is NES Decisions often have to be made swiftly Global Talent’s Latin and in light of limited, constantly changing Challenges America regional management in oil and gas information, some strong problem-solving, If a crisis occurs, companies face a director. An MBA graduate from By Nick Stocker, Latin America Regional Director, NES Global Talent communication, accountability, co-ordination, number of challenges. If a large-scale Nick Stocker. situation awareness, teamwork and leadership evacuation is called for in a high-risk Henley Management skills are required. location, the business must: College in the United In the wake of oil spills and the disaster issues that ensue, it is not surprising that health, safety and Strategic thinkers need to look at why • Ascertain where everyone is and ensure Kingdom, with extensive Latin American experience and an additional crisis management has become the subject of much scrutiny in the oil and gas industry recently. the emergency situation has occurred and personnel are accounted for anticipate outcomes to every decision taken • Look logistically at whether people can nine years of service as an HM as the event is happening. In addition be moved by road or air and, if not, have Forces Officer in The Royal Marines, Mr Stocker is responsible for the tactical and operation expertise must also a back-up plan in place he sector has always worked tirelessly In order to establish a rigorous health those that can think on their feet. It is development and servicing of major be evident. • Find out whether holding areas are to mitigate risk and implement and safety culture, companies must attract impossible to predict and plan for every NES clients in Latin America and Iraq. site-specific contingency plans in line and retain the highest calibre candidates eventuality. Contingency planning works as available, how long they can be used for T Incident management team and when food and water will run out. with worldwide standards. The challenge is possible. Staffing consultancies such as NES guidance; a set of principles that can be to maintain these standards in an Global Talent can help find people with the adapted depending on the nature of each training The company will need to take into increasingly pressurised global environment. appropriate skills. In the event of a crisis, specific incident and executed by Even if individuals possess these specific account the volume of people using the As it is not possible As the world’s population continues to companies need to know that they have experienced teams that are able to respond characteristics and skill sets, a significant facility and the duration of stay to predict the exact climb and the global appetite for energy people they can rely on; those that can quickly and appropriately. amount of training and practice is required • Find out whether the government has grows, the sector must strive for innovative respond to an emergency situation as it Key elements to creating an effective to create a fully-functioning and well- imposed and regulations such as air circumstances of an ways to tap into the earth’s natural unfolds and swiftly bring it under control. plan include ensuring: rounded incident management team. restrictions or has any existing incident, training should resources. The industry works hard to • The plan is site specific Teams that only come together at times regulations in place that will affect your develop new technologies, find people with Contingency planning • The plan is endorsed by company of crisis, without ever having had the evacuation planning. include familiarising team the right skills to meet these new challenges, In the event of a crisis, the strongest leaders opportunity to understand each other’s Crisis management only has to happen members with policies and while at the same time ensuring health and companies tend not only to be those with the • The plan is supported by the global strengths and weaknesses, are not going to because systems fail, so policies and safety is paramount. most comprehensive contingency plans but frameworks of the business be the most effective. Unless individual team procedures must do all they can to help to procedures, the evaluation • The plan is supported by an engaged members know their roles and responsibilities prevent incidents from happening in the workforce and understand the capabilities of their first place. Effective contingency planning, of former incidents as well The industry works hard to develop new technologies, • The plan is implemented within a colleagues, they will be unable to pull together implemented by a strong, capable and as a variety of practical rigorous safety culture. and work as one in the event of a crisis. robust team, should minimise their impact find people with the right skills to meet these new In addition, the business must provide As it is not possible to predict the exact if they do. exercises. challenges, while at the same time ensuring health and ongoing investment, as without this, circumstances of an incident, training Staffing specialists must ensure they contingency plans can become outdated and should include familiarising team members have an in-depth understanding of the safety is paramount. therefore redundant. Investment can include with policies and procedures, the evaluation health and safety issues faced by the sector. ongoing training in order to ensure all of former incidents as well as a variety of In this way they can help support their processes and procedures are up-to-date and practical exercises. This will allow the team clients and help ensure that if the worst relevant, and taking time to refine and to work together, enhance their expertise happens, the right people are in place to deal re-draft plans when needed. and address any skills shortages if needed. with any consequences.

Health and safety skills Following Brazil’s Frade field leak in late 2011 and the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil upcoming unreserved auction spill in the Gulf of Mexico, the global petroleum sector has worked hard to repair a damaged reputation and review processes, dubai, uae procedures and contingency plans. december 11 & 12, 2012 | 9:30 Following these events, NES Global Talent consultants have noticed an upturn Auction site: P.O. BOx 16897, JeBel Ali Free ZOne in demand for people with crisis DuBAi, uniteD ArAB emirAtes management expertise. More companies 15 / 25 – Komatsu 355C are looking for candidates that have the specific skills and abilities needed to help more than 60 pipelayers for sale in our upcoming auction minimise any potential risks and the impact if a ‘worst case scenario’ event should take place. As members of incident management teams are often required to work across www.rbauction.com | +971.4.812.0600 geographical boundaries in unfamiliar, highly-pressurised and challenging

Pipelines International_Dubai Oct12 185mm x 83mm_ENG.indd 1 10/19/12 1:20 PM 50 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 51 tributes tributes

Remembering Dr Mo Mohitpour An industry legend: By Dr Alan Murray, Director, Principia Consulting Willard A. Maxey 1930–2012 Dr Mo Mohitpour was larger-than-life, a big man with a very kind heart. Laurence Sterne, the Anglican cleric and author of The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, had a father who was also larger-than- At the recent International Pipeline Conference, held in Calgary in September, a special session, life: Sterne wanted to portray him in his famous novel, but to do so he found that he had to create the Willard A. (Bill) Maxey Distinguished Lecture Series, was inaugurated to celebrate the life and not one but two characters, Mr Shandy and Uncle Toby, because one would have been completely achievements of Bill Maxey, who passed away last March. inadequate – I feel the same about Mo.

n the best possible way, there were two His conference timing could not have been ill Maxey was a dominant figure in the terms of the materials being used and the Dr Mo Mohitpour’s: the first, the Mo better, coming as it did when stress- technical development of the pipeline fluids being transported. For example, he Iwhom we knew – engineer, teacher, corrosion cracking was making its presence Bindustry. Throughout his 40-year was one of the earliest researchers to researcher, author, the conscientious felt in the Canadian transmission pipeline career serving the industry, he developed recognise, and show how to deal with, the representative of his colleagues – was an industry. Gaining the considerable support many concepts and methods that are still at special problems presented by fracture ever-popular and gregarious companion. But of senior industry people in his endeavours the core of line pipe specification and control in carbon dioxide pipelines. there was also another Mo, equally was second nature to Mo, so ever the integrity assessment practices. It is also noteworthy that Bill’s work on remarkable, but known only to his family, to optimist, and there was never any doubt in Many of the experimental techniques the integrity of steel transmission pipelines his confidantes, and to the many his mind that the inaugural International that he developed for carrying out was subsequently extended to LNG piping, beneficiaries of his kindnesses. This was the Pipeline Conference in 1996 would be demanding (and potentially dangerous) plastic gas distribution pipe, nuclear pipe/ Mo of the warm heart and numerous good successful. His fingerprints can be found all full-scale testing are in use today, though pressure tubes/vessels/steam generator turns; the Mo with the deep love for, and over the seven IPC events that have followed. digital techniques have greatly simplified the tubing, and chemical plant piping, pride in, his family; the wise counsellor and He was also a driving force behind the tasks of data acquisition and reduction. involving a variety of materials from the Mo of unswerving loyalty to people and creation of the Pipeline Division of the Bill made continuous technical aluminum to zircalloy. His work is the to the engineering institutions he so much ASME. Several Divisions of the ASME contributions in a number of fields technical basis of many international codes Bill Maxey. loved, the IMechE and the ASME; the Mo in conferred on Mo their Distinguished Service throughout his more than 30 years with and standards, not only in North America, whom you could place your absolute trust. Award and he was very proud of his election Battelle’s Columbus Laboratories and but around the world. Mo had an uncanny ability to recognise to the Fellowship grade of the Institution of subsequent time with Kiefner and In addition to his technical and an industry need and was the source of many Mechanical Engineers, the ASME, and the Dr Mo Mohitpour 31 March 1942 – 21 August 2012. Associates. However, he is best remembered experimental skills, Bill Maxey had an initiatives benefitting the pipeline Engineering Institute of Canada. for his theoretical and experimental work on extraordinary ability to find solutions from community. He also had tremendous powers When TransCanada merged with the fracture, which provided practical and outside the main stream, and it was often this of persuasion, convincing his peers in the Pipeline Division of Nova in 1999, it shortly Mo passed away after a short illness from intuitive solutions that the industry could which allowed him to bypass the road-blocks Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering thereafter disengaged from international congestive heart failure leaving behind his apply to fracture control design and integrity encountered by more linear thinking. Division of ASME that they should hold their work. Mo took this as an opportunity to beloved wife Carol, his son Bijan, daughter management. His massively-influential 1974 Those who worked with him, as a 1992 Conference in land-locked Alberta. It branch out on his own and he successfully Rachel, and the sunshine of his riper years paper, Fracture initiation, propagation and colleague or through organisations such as became, and has remained, the most set up Tempsys Pipeline Solutions – four grandchildren of whom he was arrest, was re-presented, as part of the the Pipeline Research Committee, benefited successful conference in that Division’s 32 providing consultancy services and training immensely proud. Distinguished Lecture Series, by Dr Gery enormously from his guidance. He is year history. to many North American and international A moving and happy celebration of Mo’s Wilkowski, a former colleague at Battelle. remembered by all who knew him as an Shortly thereafter, Mo determined that clients. In doing so, he added to an ever life was held at the International Pipeline Bill progressively updated the work extraordinary researcher and a patient and Calgary should be the location of a world- widening circle of friends: Mo had no need Conference in Calgary on 27 September 2012, presented in this paper over subsequent effective communicator, whose open and class speciality conference on energy for Facebook or Linkedin, he had long since attracting upwards of 200 of those attending years to keep pace with the developments friendly manner invited dialogue. He will pipelines and, in his inimitable way, he perfected the art of making friends and the conference to share stories and reminisce taking place in the industry, particularly in truly be missed. soon had created a nucleus of helpers. influencing people. about this remarkable man.

Mo had an uncanny ability to recognise an industry need and was the source of many In addition to his technical and experimental skills, Bill Maxey had an extraordinary ability initiatives benefitting the pipeline community. to find solutions from outside the main stream, and it was often this which allowed him to bypass the road-blocks encountered by more linear thinking.

52 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 53 event reviews

Pipeline problems fixed in Berlin How to fix pipeline problems was the topic of discussion at the Estrel hotel in Berlin from 17–18 October 2012, during a new two-day international conference and accompanying exhibition.

rganised by Tiratsoo Technical (a experienced course presenters. Echoing division of Great Southern Press) many similar comments, Mehman Azimov Oand Clarion Technical Conferences, from BP Azerbaijan commented, “The course the event attracted pipeline industry was very comprehensive, well organised, members concerned with the wide-ranging and the lecturers were very experienced.” issues related to pipeline evaluation, Overall, the event was highly regarded by rehabilitation and repair from 30 countries. those in attendance with many commenting Chaired by Pipelines International Editor-in- that it provided useful and relevant Chief John Tiratsoo, the conference information on a global scale and served to included a comprehensive programme of highlight the critical importance of regulation Attendees network at The Fixing Pipeline Problems Exhibition. papers that focused on a range of emerging and safety in oil and gas pipelines. technologies and developments in the industry. From Dr Lydia Frenzel’s highly technical paper on the development of The organisers were delighted that the event received many appreciative remarks, surface preparation standards, to the some examples of which are: fascinating science of using specially trained dogs to detect pipeline leaks, by Guido Van Baelen from The Sniffers in “It was a comprehensive “Well arranged and rich presentation Belgium, the diverse range of topics created conference about the main materials. There is also a wide variety pipeline problems” a unique opportunity for people to learn of exhibitors relating to pipeline – Zoltan Molnar, assessment and rehabilitation” Introducing technical and practical information, as well MOL NYRT, Hungary as network with professionals from all over – Joe Dim, Shell, Netherlands The PPIM YOUNG ACHIEVEMENT AWARD 2013 the world in an intimate setting. After the first day of the conference, a Do you know a colleague or employee of a pipeline operating, service cocktail networking function offered further meeting opportunities and a chance to relax “Excellent conference and or supply company who has demonstrated a valuable and original and unwind in the exhibition area. Here, excellent organisation” “Interesting topics, many contribution to the field of pipeline integrity? delegates were able to discuss topics of – Steen Hoffman, companies and countries, a good interest from the conference and to meet Energinet.dk ,Denmark event to share…” Nominate them now for the PPIM “Young Achievement Award”. with representatives from a range of – Jerome Bonnal GRTGaz, France companies offering their related products For more information on award criteria or to nominate a colleague visit and services. www.clarion.org The exhibition space featured impressive “High technical quality displays and demonstrations from Clock of presentations” Spring, 3X Engineering, CDRiA Pipeline “Information in presentations has, in – Wim Schipaanbord, general, a high technical content: very good” Services Ltd, Denso GmbH, Incal Pipeline DNV Kema, Netherlands Rehabilitation Inc., the Pigging Products & – Bart Koppens, Gasunie, Netherlands Services Association, Quest Integrity Group, STATS Group, Stopaq BV, and TD Williamson. Over the two days preceding the conference, two training courses were held. In his course on Performing Pipeline “FPP was a unique experience to meet a global audience in an intimate venue” Rehabilitation, Incal Pipeline – Dr Lydia Frenzel, The Advisory Council, USA Rehabilitation’s Sid Taylor focused on real ‘how to’ aspects of pipeline repair and tional gathering of the global rehabilitation. In parallel, DNV Columbus’ The interna pigging industry! Bill Bruce looked at the various aspects of pipeline repair using weld and non-weld “All topics are/were very useful and staff and exhibitors are methods in his Pipeline Repair, Hot-tapping helpful and knowledgeable” and In-service Welding course. – Gorgo Palinkas, MOL NYRT, Hungary Organized by The courses proved both informative and interesting for attendees who gained valuable practical information from highly

54 Pipelines International | December 2012

PPIM13_Awards_FP_NEW.indd 1 1/08/12 2:29 PM event reviews

Tulsa activates the industry Held in the oil and gas-rich state of Oklahoma, the fourth annual Tulsa Pipeline Expo proved to be another great success with over 1,300 attendees.

uilding on the success from last year, distribution resources to meet the needs of the event was held from 27–29 August the energy and infrastructure markets. We Bat the QT Centre and the Hyatt have the capacity to market, transport, and Regency Hotel, raising the awareness of the access businesses and ports across the states rich heritage in the energy industry United States within days. The Expo provides and the growing infrastructure services. the opportunity to meet many of these Developed by Vacuworx Global, LLC, a companies in one place.” Tulsa-based manufacturing company, the The Expo provided an effective resource Expo is a member of the Tulsa Metro for merging talented prospects with Chamber and is accredited by the Better Oklahoma companies with its ‘preferred Business Bureau of Eastern Oklahoma. partner’ programme. Ruhrpumpen exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo. Decision makers of all levels attended this year’s Tulsa Pipeline Expo to view the Giving back to the community latest in pipeline and other energy related The Tulsa Pipeline Expo is an annual products and services. This year the event for the Eagle Gift Foundation, which GET THE conference set records with 137 exhibitors benefits area family and children service – up 61 per cent from 2011. charitable organisations and 100 per cent of In addition, online registrations utilising the funds raised at the silent auction, as well the guest code system or VIP Programme, as any and all profits from various events, are dramatically increased again. This year’s distributed to local charities at the conclusion champion was McJunkin Red Man of the event. In 2011, the Expo distributed over Corporation, who was also the 2011 winner. $US35,000 to worthy causes. VERY Hytorc exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo. The company activated more VIP codes, meaning the number of clients and potential clients they invited to the event. Tulsa Pipeline Expo Chairman Bill Solomon said “Our objectives are to educate the marketplace and complement regional BEST initiatives to improve the Oklahoma business climate. We are promoting the JOB technical innovations within the state and integrating a strong field of companies with proven track records. “Oklahoma has the manufacturing, production, processing, services, and Vacuworx exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo. Vermeer exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo.

Visit www.pipelinesinternational.com/jobs and fi nd your job today Flexpipe Systems exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo. Mathey Dearman exhibiting at the 2012 Tulsa Pipeline Expo. We’ve created a dedicated jobs board for people in the pipeline industry. Save the date for 2013 Our jobs board exclusively lists jobs in The 2013 Tulsa Pipeline Expo will be held from 26–28 August. For more information visit www.tulsapipelineexpo.com the pipeline industry, which means you can fi nd the very best role that fi ts your skills, knowledge and passion. Qualifi ed. Professional. Experienced. Get the very best. 56 Pipelines International | December 2012

PIN_Jobs_FP_2012.indd 1 20/04/12 11:28 AM event Previews

Finding solutions: unpiggable pipelines

Help unlock the unpiggable puzzle for your assets and attend the second Unpiggable Pipeline Solutions Forum, to be held from 15-16 May 2013 in Houston, Texas.

ollowing the success of the first Forum in March 2011, the 2013 FUnpiggable Pipeline Solutions Forum continues with the objective of addressing capabilities and guidance concerning tools for corrosion and mechanical damage inspection of ‘unpiggable’ oil, gas and hazardous liquids pipelines. Organisers Tiratsoo Technical (a division of Great Southern Press) and Houston-based Clarion Technical Conferences says the focus will be on existing technologies as well as those in research and development. gives you access to the entire conference Advances and best Advances and best practices in above- with a complimentary full registration ground remote assessments, guided wave includes all major networking events. practices in above-ground MaY 15–16 2013 technologies, and internal corrosion direct remote assessments, assessment methods will form a significant Join the Forum part of the programme. There is still time to submit a paper to be guided wave technologies, Marriott Westchase hotel Live-line access techniques, combined part of the programme and take part in the and internal corrosion with low-flow restriction robotic and Forum. The programme will cover both houston, tX, usa wire-line-powered internal inspection tools, above-ground remote assessments as well as direct assessment methods will also be a special focus, especially for internal inspection tools and methods for pipeline segments that cannot be taken out challenging pipe configurations and will form a significant part of service when further integrity inspections situations, such as: of the programme. are required. • Longer distances The Forum will attract project • Mutlti-diameters managers, engineering consultants, • Low-flow conditions pipeline owners and operators, giving you • Small diameters with tight bends an unprecedented opportunity to network • Difficult or no access with the people that need your services to • Cased road crossings keep their projects moving. • Bore restrictions Exhibition and sponsorship • Back-to-back bends Exhibition • Unbarred tees, Y connections, off-takes, Does your company provide tools for crossovers, laterals, deadlegs Proposals for presentations options available, visit unpiggable pipelines? Make sure to book • Steep and vertical sections your exhibition space to gain further • Thick- or thin-walled pipe should be sent to BJ Lowe exposure at this unique and targeted show. • Over- or undersized valves at Clarion Technical www.clarion.org The Unpiggable Pipeline Solutions Forum • Short-radius or mitered bends. Conferences; by email will attract top decision-makers from the The organisers invite presentations to [email protected] or industry, providing you with a direct covering experience with the range of tools in other formats to the opportunity to discuss and showcase your that are currently available and in use, as products and services. well as reports on promising research and address below: The reception and all lunches, morning development in this field. 3401 Louisiana St, Suite 255 and afternoon breaks will be held in the The deadline for submissions is Exhibition area, ensuring you get high- 31 December 2013 and final papers will be Houston, TX 70002, USA quality traffic. In addition, booking a space due on 9 April 2013.

For more information visit www.clarion.org

58 Pipelines International | December 2012

UPSF_13_FP_Ad.indd 1 8/11/12 9:45 AM event Previews

Star-studded line up for LNG 17

The 17th International LNG 17 Conference and Exhibition will take place from 16–19 April 2013 in Houston, Texas, United States. The world’s largest gas industry event for 2013 will showcase the increasing role that natural gas, transported globally as LNG, will play in a carbon-constrained future. 8th Pipeline Technology

osted by the American Gas and Managing Director, RasGas Hamad Gulf Coast imports and exports, President, Pipeline Technology Association (AGA), LNG 17 is the only Rashid Al Mohannadi. Repsol Energy North America Phil Ribbeck, Conference Hglobal industry event conducted by In the Global Outlook for LNG spotlight will concentrate on Atlantic Coast trade and Conference 2010 the gas industry – three industry session, world-renowned, Pulitzer Prize- Senior Vice President – Gas Monetisation, organisations are responsible for the event: winning author Daniel Yergin will provide Apache Corporation Janine McArdle, will the International Gas Union, the Gas the most up-to-date analysis and forecast of focus on Canadian West Coast exports. 18 - 20 March 2013 Technology Institute and the International trends in the global gas industry, with an Joining the line-up of industry luminaries Institute of Refrigeration. emphasis on the role that LNG will play. addressing the conference is Deputy “LNG 17 will bring together all the At a macro-economic level, Oil and Gas Chairman of the Management Committee, HCC, Hannover, Germany major energy companies in the world to hear Program Manager – The World Bank Robert Gazprom & Director-General, Gazprom Export from industry experts on current Lesnick will look at the Opportunities for LNG Alexander Medvedev, who is slated to deliver developments, trends and opportunities to Stimulate Economic Development and how a session on The Role of Russia in the Global for LNG in and around the world,” said developing countries around the globe can LNG Industry. The session will deal with The ptc advisory committee President and COO, Utilities, Integrys Energy use this fuel to grow in a more carbon- issues surrounding Gazprom’s portfolio Group; Chairman, AGA Larry Borgard. friendly manner. He will also address the optimisation and other exciting The global strategy forum has the role of government policy and the positive developments from one of the world’s largest confirmed participation of chief executives impacts of natural gas-based industrial gas producers. from various major gas-producing and development on local development. importing regions, including: President, The spotlight session on the North Enagás Antoni Llardén, CEO, Petrobras Maria American LNG Market will cover the Join thousands of industry professionals das Graças Silva Foster; Vice-President, implications of North American LNG exports who have already confirmed their CNPC Wang Dongjin, President, ExxonMobil on global dynamics, with three speakers delegate place at LNG 17. Gas & Power Marketing Tom Walters; bringing insight and experience from very To register, visit www.lng17.org Corporate Vice-President & President, different parts of this region. Head of Global or email: [email protected] Chevron Gas & Midstream Joseph C. Geagea, LNG, BG Group, Betsy Spomer will look at

Five reasons to attend LNG 17 1. strategic: For the first time, LNG 17 will feature a new global strategy forum and six spotlight sessions with Nobel Prize winners and other dynamic thought-leaders. The opening ceremony program will feature governments, major LNG producer and consumer countries including the United States, Australia and Japan. The scope of the program has expanded to cover strategic, commercial and regulatory issues for the first time, with hundreds of industry experts lined up to speak. 2. Technical: LNG 17 has received more than 400 informative papers which have been carefully shortlisted for presentation throughout the conference. 3. application-based: Special pavilions have been set up to showcase applications for the industry, including LNG for transportation, gas energy education, and a recruitment and training center. Also, there is a rare opportunity to visit the Sabine Liquefaction Project, the first LNG exporter in the continental United States with four modular LNG trains, each with a nominal capacity of Euro Institute for Information approximately 4.5 MMt/a. and Technology Transfer 4. resource-rich: More than 300 exhibitors are set to showcase a spectrum of products and services in the 250,000 sq foot exhibition space. This will be the biggest LNG exhibition ever. Oldenbourg Industrieverlag GmbH Supported by Vulkan-Verlag GmbH WISSEN für die ZUKUNFT 5. seize the moment: Join over 5,000 senior decision-makers, key technical, leading commercial and strategic experts from more than 80 countries who will congregate to address the most significant trends, challenges and opportunities facing the LNG industry today and in the future.

More information and all previously published papers at: 60 Pipelines International | December 2012 www.pipeline-conference.com

ptc Ad PIN 12 2012.indd 1 22.10.2012 10:43:39 event Previews events

Learn best practice in Bahrain december 2012 January 2013 S M T W T F S S M T W T F S Following the success of the inaugural event, the second International Conference and Exhibition for 1 1 2 3 4 5 Best Practices in Pipeline Operations & Integrity Management will be held from 21–23 October 2013 in Training courses in Newcastle, UK Manama, Bahrain. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 * iratsoo Technical (a division of Great Training courses9 in 10 11 12 13 14 15 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Calgary, Alberta, Canada Southern Press) and Houston-based 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 TClarion Technical Conferences, with the * support of Saudi Aramco and in association Held under the Patronage of His Excellency Shaikh Ahmed bin Mohamed Al Khalifa, Minister of Finance, Pipeline Pigging23 and I24ntegrity25 Management26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 31 with Global Energy Consultants, are now Minister in Charge of Oil and Gas Affairs, Chairman of National Oil & Gas Authority, Kingdom of Bahrain Conference and Exhibition organising the second international conference Marriott Westchase30 Hotel, Houston, Texas, USA and exhibition, which will be held in Bahrain’s www.clarion.org prestigious Gulf Convention Centre. The 2013 event will again be held under the patronage of His Excellency Shaikh February 2013 MARCH 2013 Ahmed Bin Mohamed Al Khalifa, Minister of Finance, Minister in Charge of Oil and Gas S M T W T F S S M T W T F S Affairs, Chairman of National Oil & Gas 1 2 1 2 Authority, Kingdom of Bahrain. * The major multi-track conference will to decision-makers in the global and Middle bring together experts from within and outside East pipeline industry. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 the region to discuss some of the latest The 2012 event featured over 65 companies 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 technologies and concepts for maintaining who showcased the latest in pipeline * and operating oil and gas pipelines in the technology, equipment and services. With over 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 most efficient, cost-effective and professional 540 attendees from 26 different countries, the manner, while taking into account the exhibitors were able to expose their services to 24 25 26 27 28 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 environmental and other concerns of the a truly global client list and had the communities through which they pass. opportunity to expand their operations. Training courses in 31 The Netherlands About the conference Global networking opportunities The two-and-a-half day conference will The conference will bring leaders of the be opened and closed with plenary sessions, pipeline industry together in Bahrain, offering APRIL 2013 *Selected pipeline training and will be accompanied by a major excellent opportunities for networking, exhibition reflecting the widest interests of developing new links and sharing knowledge. S M T W T F S courses are available on the pipeline industry. The simultaneous A number of networking events will be held to The busy exhibition area at the 2012 conference and these dates. exhibition. tracks for the technical program of the event establish new connections. 1 2 3 4 5 6 will include: 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Make sure your team stays • Planning, design, construction and up to date with the latest materials 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 • Operations and maintenance best * technologies. practices, repair and rehabilitation 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 • Asset integrity management, inspection * For a full list of courses and cathodic protection 28 29 30 and details on how to register, • Automation and control, leak detection. visit www.clarion.org A Technical Committee has been established under the chairmanship of John Training courses in Tiratsoo of Tiratsoo Technical to develop the Houston, TX, USA program and to ensure the highest quality of presentations, and offers of papers are now being solicited. Don’t forget theSE events for 2013: LNG 17, Houston, Texas, USA, 16–19 April 2013 Book your exhibition space now Don’t miss this great opportunity to Unpiggable Pipeline Solutions Forum in Houston, Texas, USA, 15–16 May 2013 showcase your company at a prestigious His Excellency Dr Mirza cutting the ribbon to open up the exhibition in 2012. Rio Pipelines in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 23–26 September 2013 event that will give you unparalleled access Best Practices in Pipeline Operation and Integrity Management in Manama, Bahrain, 19–23 October 2013 For more information about Clarion and Tiratsoo Technical’s training courses and events visit For more information visit www.clarion.org www.clarion.org or www.tiratsootechnical.com

62 Pipelines International | December 2012 Pipelines International | December 2012 63 advertisers' index

ADVERTISERS’ INDEX

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Coming in future issues

MARCH 2013 JUNE 2013 SEPTEMBER 2013 DECEMBER 2013

Region Review Sub-Saharan Africa Western Europe Middle East South America

Coatings Compressors Pigging Trenchless technology Rehabilitation and repair Features Pigging and inspection Pipelayers and sidebooms CO2 pipelines Trenchers and earthmoving Machinery and equipment Land issues and mapping equipment

Terrain Review Desert Offshore Forest Arctic

DEADLINE 1 February 2013 26 April 2013 5 July 2013 1 November 2013

64 Pipelines International | December 2012 Safeguarding life, property and the environment © Scanpix

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