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Suicide: a Unique Epidemic in Japan a High GDP, a Literacy Rate of 99
Suicide: A Unique Epidemic in Japan Magdalena Wilson College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University Japan, a country with a long life expectancy, strong economy and stable political system seems like an unlikely place to encounter a deadly global epidemic. Yet, the unique history and culture of Japan, including its religion, media, and economy, create a setting in which rates of suicide are reaching unprecedented levels. The culture of Japan combined with the peculiar nature of suicide, which allows it to evade clear classification as a disease, creates an intriguing public health challenge for Japan in tackling this epidemic. A high GDP, a literacy rate of 99 percent, a performing a form of seppuku more appropriate for healthy life expectancy of 72-78 years, and a health times of peace, junshi or “suicide to follow one‟s lord budget of 1660 international dollars per capita (World to the grave,” (59) as an outlet for expressing their Health Organization 2005) are not the features valor and dedication to their lord. Seppuku emerged typically associated with a country suffering from one yet again in a slightly different form in the 17th of the worst outbreaks of a deadly global epidemic. century Japanese legal system as a somewhat more Then again, nothing is really typical about the suicide dignified alternative to the death penalty. Throughout epidemic in Japan. In general, suicide is a growing the next two hundred years, seppuku remained central public health problem globally, with international to Japanese society in its various forms until Japan suicide rates increasing 60 percent in the last 45 years began to modernize during the Meiji period in the late (World Health Organization 2009). -
The Martensz Collection on Sri Lanka at the National Library of Australia
ALRA Newsletter No. 74 (July 2019) A Diplomat’s Gift: the Martensz Collection on Sri Lanka at the National Library of Australia Introduction Today the Martensz Collection is little remembered, though it is described briefly in that invaluable source on the National Library of Australia’s holdings, the Burmester guide (1). Its donation in 1955 was also covered in some detail in the Canberra Times (2). Presentation of the Collection On 2 June 1955 the High Commissioner for Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), Mr J. Aubrey Martensz, CBE, presented his personal collection of books about his homeland to the National Library (2). The island nation then called Ceylon is now known as Sri Lanka. For convenience the current name Sri Lanka has been used in this article, except for proper names and in book titles. The gift was formally accepted by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, Mr Archie Cameron, in his role as Chairman of the Library Committee. Those attending the ceremony in the Speaker’s Chambers of Parliament included the Prime Minister, Robert Menzies, the Minister for External Affairs, Richard Casey, and the National Librarian, Harold White. It is hard to imagine a book donation attracting a prime minister and other senior politicians nowadays. Life and career of J. Aubrey Martensz (2)(3) James Aubrey Martensz (1885-1963), was born into a Burgher family in Colombo, the island’s capital. The Burghers, a minority community of mixed Sri Lankan and Western heritage, generally have Portuguese, Dutch, British or other European surnames, the name Martensz being of Dutch origin. -
The Death Penalty in Japan: the Law of Silence Going Against the International Trend
The Death Penalty in Japan: The Law of Silence Going against the International Trend International fact-finding mission Article 1 : All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Article 2 : Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty. n°505a October 2008 Tokyo Detention Centre FIDH - The Death Penalty in Japan: The Law of Silence / 2 Contents Introduction 4 I. The Japanese Context 6 Context and history of the application of the death penalty in Japan Actors Authorities Officials at Ministry of Justice Detention Centre Personnel Political Parties Civil society Lawyers victims’ families and detainees’ families NGOs and the movements in favour of abolition Religious representatives The influence of media II. Current debates 18 Secrecy Separation of powers Life imprisonment without parole and a toughening of penalties Fallacious arguments Justification by public opinion The confusion between the rights of victims and the death penalty The cultural argument III. Legal Framework 25 Domestic law and norms International law United Nations Japan ratified the United Nations Convention Against Torture in 1999 The Council of Europe The European Union The International criminal court (ICC) IV. -
Page 1 D E R I N D I S C H E K U L T U R K R E I S IN
DER INDISCHE KULTURKREIS IN EINZELDARSTELLUNGEN unter Mitwirkung von Helmuth von Glasenapp, Heinrich Stönner, Otto Hoever, Noto Soeroto, Willem Stutterheim und Fritz Trautz HERAUSGEGEBEN VON KARLDÖHRING * DER INDISCHE KULTURKREIS IN EINZELDARSTELLUNGEN HERAUSGEGEBEN VON KARL DÖHRING I 9 2 5 GEORG MÜLLER VERLAG MÜNCHEN RÄMA-LE GENDEN UND RÄMA-RELIEFS IN INDONESIEN FVtfdenN VON WILLEM STUTTERHEIM TEXTBAND GEORG MÜLLER VERLAG MÜNCHEN PEINTED IN GERMANY COPYRIGHT BY GEORG MÜLLER VERLAG MÜNCHEN INS DEUTSCHE ÜBERSETZT VON KARL UND HEDWIG DÖHRING MEINEN LIEBEN ELTERN VORWORT »Da jetzt eine würdige Monographie über das große buddhistische Heiligtum Javas, den Barabudur, erschienen ist, wird den Bewunderern hindu-javanischer Bildhauerkunst sicher nichts willkommener sein als ein Werk über die Räma-Reliefs von Prambanan mit sämtlichen Abbildungen und Erklärungen.« So schreibt Prof. Dr. J. Ph. Vogel in seiner Erklärung des ersten Reliefs der Räma-Serie von Tjandi Lara Djonggrang1. Kein besseres Argument kann es für die Herausgabe dieses Buches geben als diesen Aus spruch des bekannten Archäologen. Als ich meine Arbeit schrieb, hatte ich ständig oben stehende Worte vor Augen und als ich von meinen Plänen Mitteilung machte, erfuhr ich, daß auch andere so dachten. Die Herausgabe der alten Fotos über die Reliefs von Tjandi Parambanan - wie Lara Djonggrang genannt ward - durch den Arzt Dr. J. Groneman, begleitet von einem kurzen, jedoch meist nichtssagenden, oft sogar falschen Text, ist in der Tat äußerst mangelhaft. Seitdem ergaben die Untersuchungen von Brandes überdies, daß der Tjandi Lara Djonggrang von größerer Bedeutung ist, als man im allgemeinen an nehmen möchte. Selbstverständlich mußte eine erneute Ausgabe der Reliefs mehr bieten als ein Foto- Album mit erklärenden Anmerkungen. -
Globalization and the Colonial Origins of the Great Divergence
Globalization and the Colonial Origins of the Great Divergence Pim de Zwart Cover image: Abraham Storck, The Island ‘Onrust’ near Batavia (1699). Cover design: Rick de Zwart, meneerdezwart.nl Printing: Ridderprint BV, www.ridderprint.nl 2 Globalization and the Colonial Origins of the Great Divergence Intercontinental Trade and Living Standards in the Dutch East India Company’s Commercial Empire, c. 1600-1800 Globalisering en de Koloniale Oorsprong van de Great Divergence : Intercontinentale Handel en Levensstandaarden in het Handelsimperium van de Verenigde Oost- Indische Compagnie, ca. 1600-1800 (met een samenvatting in het Nederlands) Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Utrecht op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. G.J. van der Zwaan, ingevolge het besluit van het college voor promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 17 april 2015 des middags te 2.30 uur door Pim de Zwart geboren op 30 augustus 1986 te Amstelveen 3 Promotoren: Prof. dr. J.L. van Zanden Prof. dr. A.F. Heerma van Voss Copromotor: Dr. E.J.V. van Nederveen Meerkerk Dit proefschrift werd mede mogelijk gemaakt door financiële steun van Fonds 21. 4 Acknowledgements ‘It is astonishing what foolish things one can temporarily believe if one thinks too long alone’ - John Maynard Keynes I could not have written this thesis without the advice, criticism and support of my colleagues, friends and family. Obviously, I am solely responsible if any foolish things have still found their way into this thesis. First and foremost, I am indebted to Jan Luiten van Zanden. Despite his busy schedule, his door was always open and he patiently answered all my questions (some were undoubtedly very foolish). -
The Absent Vedas
The Absent Vedas Will SWEETMAN University of Otago The Vedas were first described by a European author in a text dating from the 1580s, which was subsequently copied by other authors and appeared in transla- tion in most of the major European languages in the course of the seventeenth century. It was not, however, until the 1730s that copies of the Vedas were first obtained by Europeans, even though Jesuit missionaries had been collecting Indi- an religious texts since the 1540s. I argue that the delay owes as much to the rela- tive absence of the Vedas in India—and hence to the greater practical significance for missionaries of other genres of religious literature—as to reluctance on the part of Brahmin scholars to transmit their texts to Europeans. By the early eighteenth century, a strange dichotomy was apparent in European views of the Vedas. In Europe, on the one hand, the best-informed scholars believed the Vedas to be the most ancient and authoritative of Indian religious texts and to preserve a monotheistic but secret doctrine, quite at odds with the popular worship of multiple deities. The Brahmins kept the Vedas, and kept them from those outside their caste, especially foreigners. One or more of the Vedas was said to be lost—perhaps precisely the one that contained the most sublime ideas of divinity. By the 1720s scholars in Europe had begun calling for the Vedas to be translated so that this secret doctrine could be revealed, and from the royal library in Paris a search for the texts of the Vedas was launched. -
Fall Miscellany
GERT JAN BESTEBREURTJE RARE BOOKS CATALOGUE 198 – FALL MISCELLANY GERT JAN BESTEBREURTJE Rare Books Langendijk 8, 4132 AK Vianen The Netherlands Telephone +31 - (0)347 - 322548 E-mail: [email protected] Visit our Web-page at http://www.gertjanbestebreurtje.com CATALOGUE 198 FALL MISCELLANY Prices are quoted in euro, for clients within the European Community 9 % VAT will be added to the prices. Illustration on cover no. 28 DEELEMAN, Charles Theodore. Bataviaasch album. Verzameling van een tiental gezigten van de hoofdstad van Nederlandsch Indië. Batavia, G. Kolff & Co., (ca. 1860). Women in the East- and West-Indies 1819-1913 1 CATALOGUS van de afdeeling koloniën Oost- en West-Indie van de tentoonstelling 'De vrouw 1813-1913' gehouden te Amsterdam Mei-October 1913. Groningen, G. Römelingh & Co., (1913). Original printed wrappers. With illustrations. 88 pp. € 65,00 € 65,00 Exhibition catalogue: Women in the East- and West-Indies 1819-1913. An ample Dutch geographical dictionary 2 AA, Abraham Jakob van der. Aardrijkskundig woordenboek der Nederlanden. Bijeengebragt .. onder medewerking van eenige Nederlandsche geleerden. Gorinchem, Jacobus Noordduyn, 1839-1851. 14 volumes (including Aanhangsel). Contemporary half calf with red and green title labels. With 13 engraved title-pages after A.J. van der Aa by J.P. Lange. € 375,00 First edition. - Abraham Jacob van der Aa (1792 – 1857), a Dutch literary scholar, wrote an ample Dutch geographical dictionary. He was not critical, he gave a compilation of the state of affairs as it had grown in previous centuries.- (Agebrowned). - A fine set. Experiences during the Russo-Turkish war of 1827-28 3 ALEXANDER, James Edward. -
TJ and the 47 Ronin
Thomas Jefferson and the samurai spirit Tokugawa Ieyasu won the battle of Sekigahara in 1601, and he ushered into Japan several centuries of feudal rule. To celebrate his victory, Tokugawa took the title of Shogun, invited peasants to decapitate his rival and established a rigid set of laws and regulations that lasted nearly 300 years. One century after Sekigahara, Japan experienced an epic event that set the character of the nation ever after. 1 The sacrifices attendant with this tale would Tokugawa have been understood and appreciated by Thomas Jefferson. Ieyasu Approximately four decades before Jefferson’s birth, in 1701 in Edo (Tokyo) an important imperial protocol officer, Kira Kozuke-no-Suke Yoshinaka, was charged with teaching court etiquette to young nobles including Asano Takumi-no- Kami Naganori. Kira by all accounts was irascible and demanding, probably corrupt and undisputedly insulting. Then after stoically enduring this pedagogical abuse for months, Asano attacked Kira with a weapon.2 Although Kira was only slightly injured, drawing a blade inside the imperial Goaded by Kira, palace was a capital Lord Asano crime. Accordingly Kira Yoshinaka Asano was attacks with a ordered to commit seppuku.3 katana leaving a The Asano clan’s family lands in Western Honshu were forfeit. slight wound and His family and the family’s retainers were dispersed landless a scar. having acquired an economic burden they could not repay and a murderous debt of honor which custom demanded they avenge. That payback fell to 47 Asano samurai now called “ronin” or masterless warriors. Under the leadership of Oishi Kuranosuke, the clan knew full well the dilemma it faced.4 Legally the punishment for murder extended to relatives; entire families could be 1 Ishida Mistunari was the losing general at Sekigahara. -
V^Ou Select Your Station—And There It Is with the Same Accuracy PAGE
VOL. XXX,] JANUARY, 1941. [No. 8. "V^ou select your station—and there it is with the same accuracy PAGE. close-by transmitter, and the standard of fidelity, based en •69 development of selective inverse feed-back, ^will satisfy the moss i 1. Colonel J. L. vanGeyzel, OXB. ... ... i cal listener. 117 short-wave stations are marked by name on tha A 72 2. The Dutch Reformed Church in Ceylon, 1602-^-1795 International ' n . 82 5-valve, including im,i^ ':, 3. Trincomalee—Key to Orient ... I..., A.O. mains superK^ . .f*i 90 6 watt out put wl' . 4. Genealogy of the Ros6 Family ... |... -There are 8 wav«-bu*a 5. Women's Contribution to Ceylon Literature \„ 93 and bandspread bxwsn ■ I incorporated; 6. Notes of Events 106 A 10" mains energised moving coil speaker is utilised and the cabinet is finished in sapele b Contributions are invited from members on subjects calculated mahogany. Wave lengths are: 13; 16; to be of interest to the Union. MSS. must be written'on one side 19; 25; 31; 41; 48-160; 180-560 metres. Cabinet dimensions: 25X13§X11|. of the paper only and must reach the Editor at least a fortnight Price Es. 820.00 nett. before the date of publication of the Journal. Hire Purchase Terms Available. Published quarterly. Subscription Rs. 5\- per annum, post free. Single copies, if available, Bs. 1-50 to be had at the £. B. U. Hall. VOL. XXX.] JANUARY, 1941, [No. 3. COLONEL j. L. VANGEYZEL, C.I.E. In the Journal for January, 1939, we published a sketch of the life of James Oliver Anthonisz, who, born and educated in Ceylon, spent the greater part of his official career in a country obher than the land of his birth, where he rose to high office. -
World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [And Student Guide]
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 462 784 EC 308 847 AUTHOR Schaap, Eileen, Ed.; Fresen, Sue, Ed. TITLE World History--Part 1. Teacher's Guide [and Student Guide]. Parallel Alternative Strategies for Students (PASS). INSTITUTION Leon County Schools, Tallahassee, FL. Exceptibnal Student Education. SPONS AGENCY Florida State Dept. of Education, Tallahassee. Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services. PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 841p.; Course No. 2109310. Part of the Curriculum Improvement Project funded under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Part B. AVAILABLE FROM Florida State Dept. of Education, Div. of Public Schools and Community Education, Bureau of Instructional Support and Community Services, Turlington Bldg., Room 628, 325 West Gaines St., Tallahassee, FL 32399-0400. Tel: 850-488-1879; Fax: 850-487-2679; e-mail: cicbisca.mail.doe.state.fl.us; Web site: http://www.leon.k12.fl.us/public/pass. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom - Learner (051) Guides Classroom Teacher (052) EDRS PRICE MF05/PC34 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Academic Accommodations (Disabilities); *Academic Standards; Curriculum; *Disabilities; Educational Strategies; Enrichment Activities; European History; Greek Civilization; Inclusive Schools; Instructional Materials; Latin American History; Non Western Civilization; Secondary Education; Social Studies; Teaching Guides; *Teaching Methods; Textbooks; Units of Study; World Affairs; *World History IDENTIFIERS *Florida ABSTRACT This teacher's guide and student guide unit contains supplemental readings, activities, -
Learning from SHOGUN
Learning from Shǀgun Japanese History and Western Fantasy Edited by Henry Smith Program in Asian Studies University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, California 93106 Contents Designed by Marc Treib Contributors vi Copyright © 1980 by Henry D. Smith II Maps viii for the authors Preface xi Distributed by the Japan Society, 333 East 47th Street, New York, Part I: The Fantasy N.Y. 10017 1 James Clavell and the Legend of the British Samurai 1 Henry Smith 2 Japan, Jawpen, and the Attractions of an Opposite 20 Illustrations of samurai armor are David Plath from Murai Masahiro, Tanki yǀryaku 3 Shǀgun as an Introduction to Cross-Cultural Learning 27 (A compendium for the mounted Elgin Heinz warrior), rev. ed., 1837, woodblock edition in the Metropolitan Museum Part II: The History of Art, New York 4 Blackthorne’s England 35 Sandra Piercy 5 Trade and Diplomacy in the Era of Shǀgun 43 Ronald Toby 6 The Struggle for the Shogunate 52 Henry Smith 7 Hosokawa Gracia: A Model for Mariko 62 Chieko Mulhern This publication has been supported by Part III: The Meeting of Cultures grants from: 8 Death and Karma in the World of Shǀgun 71 Consulate General of Japan, Los William LaFleur Angeles 9 Learning Japanese with Blackthorne 79 Japan-United States Susan Matisoff Friendship Commission 10 The Paradoxes of the Japanese Samurai 86 Northeast Asia Council, Henry Smith Association for Asian Studies 11 Consorts and Courtesans: The Women of Shǀgun 99 USC-UCLA Joint East Asia Henry Smith Studies Center 12 Raw Fish and a Hot Bath: Dilemmas of Daily Life 113 Southern California Conference on Henry Smith International Studies Who’s Who in Shǀgun 127 Glossary 135 For Further Reading 150 Postscript: The TV Transformation 161 vi Contributors vii Sandra Piercy is a graduate student in English history of the Tudor- Stuart period at the University of California, Santa Barbara. -
Het Oost-Indisch Avontuur. Duitsers in Dienst Van De VOC (1600-1800)
Het Oost-Indisch avontuur. Duitsers in dienst van de VOC (1600-1800) Roelof van Gelder bron Roelof van Gelder, Het Oost-Indisch avontuur. Duitsers in dienst van de VOC (1600-1800). SUN, Nijmegen 1997. Zie voor verantwoording: http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/geld028oost01_01/colofon.htm © 2006 dbnl / Roelof van Gelder 2 [Frontispice] Zelfportret van Jörg Franz Müller. Tekening, 1681. Stiftsbibliothek Sankt Gallen Dit is de eerste tekening in Müllers berijmde en geïllustreerde verslag over zijn dienstjaren bij de VOC (1669-1682). Hij wijst op de delen van de aarde die hij heeft bereisd en becommentarieert dat aldus: durch gottes genad zu wasser und landt Viel wunder dingen hab erkannt hab ehr gesucht, vorr gut und geldt Ich gereist in all vier theil der welt darfür danck ich dem schöpfber mein der mein gelaitsmann thäte sein Roelof van Gelder, Het Oost-Indisch avontuur. Duitsers in dienst van de voc (1600-1800) 8 Geh nun hin auf daß Schif, und fahr, Vertrau dem Wind dein Junge Jahr. Dein Leben wirdt nicht weitter seyn Vom Tod, alß vier Zwerch Fingerlein. Uit het handschrift van Heinrich Muche uit Breslau, soldaat in dienst van de VOC van 1670 tot 1683 Ich habe vieles ehr ich wuste was reisen ist in unterschiedenen Bücher von Oostindien gelesen die mir sehr anmuthig und schön vorkamen, und mir eine besonder Lust zum reisen erweckten, daß ich auch nicht ehrer habe ruhen können, biß ich die Örther davon ich gelesen gesehen hatte. Allein ich bleibe beij ihrer anmuthigen Schreibart nicht, sonder verwerffe und verfluche sie vielmehr, weil sie einen Anlaß giebt zur Verleitung eines jungen Menschen und ich es gantz anders befunden habe.