Report on Local Trend

ALPJOBS Anticipate Future Jobs on Alpine Remote Areas

Work package 2.2 Report on Local trend

LAG “Trentino Orientale”

Inland Area/Remote Area “Tesino”

Author: Gian Antonio Battistel

This is project is co-financed (ARPAF funds) by the European Union

Summary

Introduction to Province Trento ...... 4 Introduction to Remote Area LAG “Trentino Orientale ...... 4 Introduction to sub-Remote Area “Comunità di Valle Valsugana e Tesino” ...... 4 Our focus: introduction to selected municipalities of “Comunità di Valle Valsugana e Tesino”: Inner Area “Tesino” ...... 4 Population ...... 6 Population change ...... 6 Inhabitants per age ...... 7 Inhabitants per gender ...... 12 Births ...... 13 Deaths ...... 14 Immigration/Emigration ...... 16 Projections (if available) ...... 16 Family dynamics: fertility rate ...... 17 Foreigners by gender ...... 18 Foreigners by age group ...... 20 Local Economy ...... 21 Tourism: ...... 21 Beds by accommodation type ...... 21 Overnight stays ...... 23 Arrivals ...... 24 Attractions and activities (only for LAG area) ...... 24 Average duration ...... 25 Tourist origin...... 26 Jobs-employees ...... 29 Agriculture ...... 30 Service ...... 31 Manufacturing ...... 32 Commerce ...... 34 Self-employees ...... 35 Freelance ...... 35 Unemployment (by age groups) ...... 37 Inactivity rate ...... 39 Employees working within or outside the area ...... 40

Society ...... 41 Education: n° students by age group or education level ...... 41 List of schools/education organizations within (or surrounding) the selected remote area and students enrolled ...... 45 Info about basic activities of local social services (disability, addictions, alcoholism.. ) and about youth and elderly needing assistance/care ...... 45 Associations ...... 46 Social Promotion Associations within District and “Inner Area” ...... 46 Volunteers’ Associations within District and “Inner Area”...... 46 Other associations (not listed before) within the “Inner Area” ...... 47 Particular local events/festivals ...... 48 General comments about available or lacking services in the area ...... 48

Introduction to Province Trento

The province is divided into 177 municipalities. Its capital is the city of Trento. The province covers an area of more than 6.000 km2 with a total population of about 540.000. Due to the huge number of municipalities often of small or even tiny size, in the late 1970s, eleven larger units known as districts (the municipalities forming a district elect the council for that district). However, in 2006, a reform created fifteen more homogenous "Valley Communities" (Comunità di Valle) and one territory including the municipalities of Trento, Cimone, Aldeno and Garniga Terme. Statistic data will be explained in next paragraphs.

Introduction to Remote Area LAG “Trentino Orientale

LAG involves from the geographic and institutional point of view 4 districts: Comunità di Valle Alta Valsugana e Bersntol, Comunità di Valle degli Altipiani Cimbri, Comunità di Valle di Primiero e Comunità di Valle di Valsugana e Tesino. Further public and private partners covering all different (goods and services) value chains have been included. Its main goal are to strengthen links among agriculture, environment and tourism value chains.

Introduction to sub-Remote Area “Comunità di Valle Valsugana e Tesino”

The Comunità di Valle (see Districts) are local authorities of the Autonomous Province of Trento (APT) that are the intermediate institutional level between municipalities and APT. It performs, at the district level, particular administrative functions: i.e. socio-economic planning; actions and activities linked to agriculture, forestry, alpine grazing, enhancing of industrial production, mountain development; craft; fairs and markets; mines, quarries and peat bogs; tourism and trade; if necessary, waste management; … Main town: Borgo Valsugana. Statistic data will be explained in next paragraphs.

Our focus: introduction to selected municipalities of “Comunità di Valle Valsugana e Tesino”: Inner Area “Tesino”

Italy’s Inner Areas can be characterised as follows: a) they are at some significant distance from the main essential service centres (education, health and mobility); b) they contain major environmental resources (water resources, agricultural systems, forests, natural and human landscapes) and cultural resources (archaeological assets, historic settlements, abbeys, small museums, skills centres); c) they are extremely diversified, as the result of the dynamics of varied and differentiated natural systems, and specific and centuries’ old anthropisation processes. Many of the Inner Areas have undergone a process of marginalisation since the 1950s, evidenced by key signs of de-anthropisation. Firstly: a) populations falling below the critical threshold and demographic ageing; b) dwindling employment and use of territorial capital. Secondly, progressive quantitative and qualitative decline in local public, private and community services. The National Strategy has 5 mid-term objectives: 1. increasing the wellbeing of local populations; 2. increasing local labour demand (and employment); 3. increasing the use of territorial capital; 4. lowering the social costs of de- anthropisation;1 5. bolstering local development factors (source: MUVAL 2014: http://www.dps.gov.it/it/pubblicazioni_dps/materiali_uval ).

There are relevant interplays between Inner Areas and LAGs: in several places they overlap, either totally or partially (more frequently). Synergies can be positive when LAGs directly participate in the design and implementation of the Inner Areas strategy, defining interventions specifically targeting the needs of territories included in the project area. In other cases, LAGs contribute as a complement of the Inner Area strategy, focusing on aspects not addressed by Inner Areas (source: https://enrd.ec.europa.eu/sites/enrd/files/tg_smart-villages_case-study_it.pdf ).

The “Inner area of Tesino” includes 3 municipalities: Castello Tesino, Pieve Tesino and Cinte Tesino. Statistic data will be explained in next paragraphs.

Population

Population change

540000

520000

500000

480000

460000

440000 2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015

Fig. 1: Population (average in the year) of Trento province (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

60000 Comunità di 55000 Primiero 50000 45000 Comunità 40000 Valsugana e Tesino 35000 30000 Comunità Alta 25000 Valsugana e 20000 Bersntol 15000 Magnifica Comunità 10000 degli Altipiani 5000 cimbri 0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 2: Population (average in the year) within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

0 2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015

Castello Tesino Cinte Tesino Pieve Tesino

Fig. 3: Population (average in the year) within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Inhabitants per age

Provincia di Trento

10 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

>65 50-64 19-49 6-18

Fig. 4: %. Inhabitants per age in Trento province (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

15 Comunità di 14,5 Primiero 14 13,5 Comunità 13 Valsugana e 12,5 Tesino 12 Comunità Alta 11,5 Valsugana e 11 Bersntol 10,5 Magnifica 10 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 5: %. Inhabitants 6-18 years old within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

15 14 13 12 11 Castello 10 Tesino 9 Cinte Tesino 8 Pieve 7 Tesino 6 5

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 6: %. Inhabitants 6-18 years old and more within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

50 Comunità di Primiero 47

Comunità 44 Valsugana e Tesino 41 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 38 Bersntol

35 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 7: %. Inhabitants 19-49 years old within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

45 43 41 39 37 Castello 35 Tesino 33 Cinte Tesino 31 Pieve 29 Tesino 27 25

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 8: %. Inhabitants 19-49 years old and more within LAG’s selected municipalities (souce: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

25 Comunità di 24 Primiero 23 22 Comunità 21 Valsugana e 20 Tesino 19 Comunità Alta 18 Valsugana e 17 Bersntol 16 Magnifica 15 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 9: %. Inhabitants 50-64 years old within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

23 Castello Tesino 21 Cinte Tesino 19 Pieve Tesino 17

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 10: %. Inhabitants 50-64 years old and more within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

29 Comunità di Primiero 27

25 Comunità 23 Valsugana e Tesino 21 Comunità Alta 19 Valsugana e Bersntol 17

15 Magnifica Comunità degli

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 11: %. Inhabitants 65 years old and more within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

28 Castello Tesino 26 Cinte Tesino 24 Pieve Tesino 22

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 12: %. Inhabitants 65 years old and more within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Inhabitants per gender

50 Provincia di Trento 49,5

49 Comunità di Primiero 48,5 Comunità 48 Valsugana e Tesino 47,5 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 47 Bersntol 46,5 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 13: %. Inhabitants (male) within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

47 Castello Tesino 46 Cinte 45 Tesino 44 Pieve 43 Tesino

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 14: % Inhabitants (male) within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

Births

14 Provincia di Trento

12 Comunità di Primiero 10 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 8 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 6 Bersntol Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 4

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 15: Birth rate within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

20 18 16 14 12 Castello 10 Tesino 8 Cinte 6 Tesino 4 Pieve 2 Tesino 0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 16: Birth rate within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Deaths

21 Provincia di Trento 19

17 Comunità di Primiero 15 Comunità 13 Valsugana e Tesino 11 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 9 Bersntol

7 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 17: Mortality rate within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Castello 20 Tesino Cinte 15 Tesino Pieve 10 Tesino

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 18: Mortality rate within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

100

20 10

0 P rogetto grafico e realizzazio ne di Enzo M iglio rini

Fig. 19: Demographic structure 2030 (by gender and class age: left men and right women) in Trentino (source: Servizio Statistica-PAT, 2006: Evoluzione della struttura demografica in provincia di Trento dal 1982 al 2032 Analisi e proiezioni a livello provinciale e sub-provinciale)

Fig. 20: Demographic structure 2050 (by gender and class age: left men and right women) in Trentino (source: APSS-PAT, 2017: Profilo di salute in provincia di Trento-Aggiornamento 2016)

Immigration/Emigration

20 Provincia di Trento 15 Comunità di Primiero

10 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 5 Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol Magnifica 0 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

-5

Fig. 21: Migratory balance within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Castello 5 Tesino Cinte Tesino -5 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Pieve Tesino -15

-25

Fig. 22: Migratory balance within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Projections (if available) n.a.

Family dynamics: fertility rate

2,5

1,5

0,5

Fig. 23: Total fertility rate in Trentino (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

TFT Regionale e Provinciale 3.000

2.500

2.000

1.500

1.000

500

- 1972 1982 1992 2002 2012 2022 2032

TFT Regionale TFT Provinciale

Fig. 24: Projections of total fertility rate in Trentino (source: Servizio Statistica-PAT, 2006: Evoluzione della struttura demografica in provincia di Trento dal 1982 al 2032 Analisi e proiezioni a livello provinciale e sub- provinciale)

Fig. 25: Projections of total fertility rate in Trentino (source: Servizio Statistica-PAT, 2006: Evoluzione della struttura demografica in provincia di Trento dal 1982 al 2050 Analisi e proiezioni a livello provinciale e sub- provinciale con nuovi moduli sulle famiglie, sui cittadini stranieri residenti e sulla popolazione scolastica)

Foreigners by gender

Provincia di Trento 60000

50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

0 2000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015

Fig. 26: Foreigners: population (average in the year) of Trento province(source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

4500

4000 Comunità di 3500 Primiero

3000 Comunità 2500 Valsugana e Tesino

2000 Comunità Alta 1500 Valsugana e Bersntol 1000 Magnifica 500 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 27: : Foreigners: population (average in the year) within LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

30 Castello 25 Tesino

20 Cinte Tesino 15 Pieve 10 Tesino

Fig. 28: Foreigners: population (average in the year) within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

65 Provincia di Trento 60 Comunità di Primiero 55 Comunità 50 Valsugana e Tesino Comunità Alta 45 Valsugana e Bersntol 40 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 29: Foreigners: % female population within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

100

80 Castell o 70 Tesino Cinte 60 Tesino

50 Pieve Tesino 40

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 30: Foreigners: % female population within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Foreigners by age group n.a. data

Local Economy

Tourism:

Beds by accommodation type

370 Provincia di 330 Trento 290 Comunità di 250 Primiero 210 170 Comunità Valsugana e 130 Tesino 90 Comunità Alta 50 Valsugana e Bersntol 10 Magnifica Comunità degli 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 31: . Beds / average resident population x 100 in hotel, other than hotel and private house within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

400

350

300 Castello 250 Tesino

200 Cinte Tesino 150 Pieve 100 Tesino 50

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 32: . Beds / average resident population x 100 in hotel, other than hotel and private house within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Comments within the Inner Area: as to source ISPAT Annuario del Turismo 2015: as to hotels Castello Tesino 186 beds, Pieve Tesino 16 beds; Taking into accounts other forms of accommodation: Castello Tesino 5979 beds, Cinte Tesino 2370, Pieve Tesino 6422 beds.

180 Provincia di 160 Trento 140 Comunità di 120 Primiero 100 Comunità 80 Valsugana e 60 Tesino Comunità Alta 40 Valsugana e 20 Bersntol Magnifica 0 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 33: Beds / average resident population“ x 100 in hotel within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

20 18 16 14 Castello Tesino 12 Cinte 10 Tesino 8 Pieve 6 Tesino 4 2 0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 34: Beds / average resident population x 100 in hotel within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Overnight stays

300 Provincia di 280 Trento 260 Comunità di 240 Primiero 220 200 Comunità 180 Valsugana e Tesino 160 Comunità Alta 140 Valsugana e 120 Bersntol 100 Magnifica Comunità degli

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 35: Overnight stays (total overnight stays/365 days) in hotel, other than hotel and private house within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

Arrivals

300 Provincia di 280 Trento 260 240 Comunità di Primiero 220

200 Comunità 180 Valsugana e Tesino 160 Comunità Alta 140 Valsugana e 120 Bersntol 100 Magnifica Comunità degli

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 36: Arrivals (in % index basis 1987: in 1987: 2.211.934 arrivals) in hotel, other than hotel and private house within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Attractions and activities (only for LAG area)

Comunità di Primiero The landscape of Valle di Primiero shows a large basin in which cultivated fields, extensive pastures, dense forests and waterways flowing from the little side valleys, form the background to the small human settlements. Centuries old forests cover the mountain slopes with green pastures and alpine lakes and rock peaks. Ski season begins early, in the second half of November. Here every kind of winter sports can be practiced: snowboarding, cross-country skiing, off-piste, ski mountaineering, hikes and walks along the trailsi, ice climbing and ice skating. In spring and summer tourists can practice mountaineering and high altitude hiking, mountain biking, orienteering or horse trekking, sport fishing and mushroom picking. Streams of rivers are perfect for canoeing. There are also many activities for children: mini club, playgrounds, practice walls, adventure parks, guided tours, horseback riding and didactic farms (different sources).

Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol and Comunità Valsugana e Tesino Valsugana and Lagorai offer a summer on the beaches of Caldonazzo and Levico lake; a thermal well-being thanks to the iron-arsenical waters of Levico and Vetriolo Spa; a variety of trails for the two-wheels lovers with a cycling path of 80 km and 300 km of MTB routes; the Lagorai mountain chain, one of the most natural areas of Trentino with hikes and an with quality and cozy accommodation (source: https://www.visitvalsugana.it/en/ ).

LAG’s selected municipalities (source: https://www.visittrentino.info/en ) CASTELLO TESINO: crossed through by one of the most important Roman roads of the area –“Via Claudia Augusta Altinate”- it boasts some of the largest woods in the Trentino region, and is the ideal starting point for walks and hike. More information can be found http://www.comune.castello-tesino.tn.it/Territorio/Scopri- il-Tesino . CINTE TESINO: walks and hikes are a perfect way to discover the beautiful landscapes. The gorge of the River Grigno, the Ponte del Diavolo, the wide meadows and cliffs of Monte Mezza, as well as the nearby rock- climbing wall. PIEVE TESINO: is a winter and summer tourist destination and is renowned as it houses the birthplace of statesman Alcide De Gasperi. The granite massif of Cima D´Asta (2,847 m) stands to the North of the village, and is one of the most popular destinations for alpinists The Museo Casa De Gasperi is worth a visit, as are the Arboreto del Tesino, the River Park, Val Malene and the Cima d'Asta Range. For winter sports there are cableways and cross-country slopes at the Passo Brocon. Close to the center it lies also a 9-hole golf course. GENERAL INFORMATION: see also http://www.valledeltesino.com/ .

Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani Cimbri Folgaria, Lavarone and Luserna are the main resorts in the Alpe Cimbra area, that boasts peaks over 2,000 metres as well as pastures, woods and crystal clear rivers. In winter the Skitour dei Forti, the ski circuit connecting Folgaria and Lavarone, unwinds over 70 km of slopes among the forts of the First World War (source: https://www.visittrentino.info/en/trentino/tourist-areas/alpe-cimbra-folgaria-lavarone-and- lusern_md_22 ).

Average duration

6 Provincia di Trento 5,5

Comunità di 5 Primiero

4,5 Comunità Valsugana e 4 Tesino Comunità Alta 3,5 Valsugana e Bersntol 3 Magnifica Comunità degli 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 37: %. Average duration “in hotels” within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

10 Provincia di Trento 9

8 Comunità di Primiero 7 Comunità 6 Valsugana e Tesino 5 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 4 Bersntol Magnifica 3 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 38: %. Average duration “other than hotel” within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Tourist origin

45 Provincia di 40 Trento

35 Comunità di Primiero 30

25 Comunità Valsugana e 20 Tesino 15 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 10 Bersntol

5 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 39: Foreign tourists in hotels (% of overnight stays) within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

80 Provincia di Trento 70

60 Comunità di Primiero 50

40 Comunità Valsugana e 30 Tesino 20 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 10 Bersntol Magnifica 0 Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 40: Foreign tourists in “other than in hotel” (% of overnight stays) within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Comments: in the “Inner Area” there is a prevalence of Italian tourist coming mainly in summer from neighbouring regions using chiefly private and second houses. Since 2008 tourist numbers have decreased partially compensated by the arrivals of foreigner tourists (+20%).

14 Provincia di Trento 12 Comunità di 10 Primiero 8 Comunità 6 Valsugana e Tesino 4 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 2 Bersntol % n for tourtotal 0 n. t in hotel 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 41: Foreign tourists in “second houses” (% of overnight stays)within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

25 Provincia di Trento 20 Comunità di Primiero 15 Comunità Valsugana e 10 Tesino Comunità Alta 5 Valsugana e Bersntol

0 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 42: Foreign tourists in “other business” (% of overnight stays) within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Jobs-employees

General comment: as to “Inner Area” work opportunities are mainly outside and is one of the most important causes of the escape as to middle-aged group of workers (source: Strategia Progetto Pilota Tesino, 2017). Moreover, there is an insufficient level of local investments because of weak functional interconnection of producers and traders (salers) among local value chains (mainly between agro-food and tourism, handicraft and industry as well forest-wood sector, handicraft and tourism, among different segments of tourism value chain. This is attributable to a lack of common business strategy (source: Strategia Progetto Pilota Tesino, 2017). As to industrial enterprises with more than 10 employees and to the District there are (year 2015; source: CCIAA, 2015: L’industria in provincia di Trento; http://www.tn.camcom.it/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/2015IndustriaTrento.pdf ) 32 manufacturing industries (1758 employees), 13 construction and installation plants enterprises (668 employees), 1 electricity, water and gas industries (351 employees). Within the “Inner Area” there is in Cinte Tesino 1 manufacturing industry with 66 employees (Spirale srl producing rubber boots, rain boots, leisure boots, sports boots, downhill boots, canadian boots for adults and children, but also professional work boots: http://www.spirale.it/en/ ). As to craft enterprises with more than 7 employees and to the District there are (year 2011; source: CCIAA, 2011: L’artigianato in provincia di Trento; http://www.tn.camcom.it/sites/default/files/uploads/documents/StudiRicerche/artigianato/11ArtigianatoTr ento.pdf ) 21 manufacturing enterprises (242 employees), 19 construction enterprises (240 employees), 1 body shop and engineering factory (8 employees), and 3 other services (45 employees). Within the “Inner Area” there is in Pieve Tesino 1 construction enterprise with 12 employees (costruzioni Melchiori).

As to 2015 24% of firms in Trentino carried out personnel training courses. 12% of them has hosted either practical training or apprenticeship mainly with students of secondary school and University or attendants of post-school vocational training courses; small firms hosted only the 7,7% of them. The willingness to host students in dual-training system “ learning and working” gets higher with the firm size and among industrial enterprises compared with services (source :CCIAA, 2016: Sistema Informativo Excelsior – Sintesi dei principali risultati 2016 - Provincia di Trento; https://excelsior.unioncamere.net/ ).

Agriculture

Provincia di 29 Trento

Comunità di 24 Primiero

19 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 14 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 9 Bersntol Magnifica 4 Comunità degli 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 43: % employees in agriculture within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

25 Castello Tesino 20 Cinte Tesino 15 Pieve Tesino

0 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 44: % employees in agriculture within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Service

55 Provincia di 50 Trento

45 Comunità di 40 Primiero

35 Comunità 30 Valsugana e Tesino 25 Comunità Alta 20 Valsugana e Bersntol 15 Magnifica 10 Comunità degli 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 45: % employees in services within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

50 45 40 35 30 Castello Tesino 25 Cinte Tesino 20 Pieve Tesino 15 10 5 0 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 46: % employees in services within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Manufacturing

55 Provincia di Trento 50

45 Comunità di Primiero 40 Comunità 35 Valsugana e Tesino 30 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 25 Bersntol Magnifica 20 Comunità degli 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 47: % employees in manufacturing within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

50 Castello Tesino

45 Cinte Tesino

40 Pieve Tesino

35 30

25 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 48: % employees in manufacturing within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

The presence in Tesino of two big manufacturing companies have played a relevant role for the local economy between 1970s and 1990s, with only one still existing today. The most renowed was Bailo, a company specialised in production of a large set of goods for outdoor activities (jackets, boots, etc.) The company was created by a local family. Until 1977 the factory was based in Castello Tesino then has moved to Cinte Tesino in the new manufacturing premises in 1987, during the 1990s almost all the production and testing of materials was dislocated abroad and in Tesino remained the administrative offices. The most competitive prices of production from abroad or realised in the lowland territories generated a series of crisis in the production until the complete lock-down of the activities, leaving the big manufacturing pole completely unused. The rise of new competitors, supported by the process of globalisation, outmarketed Bailo that, after being Mixed with Vist a sport- company of South Tyrol, failed in 2013. Since then the brand was bought by a Swiss Multi-national. The brand is still in the market, but the production has been moved to another territory, and the family keep and maintain a niche production with a specialised focus on hunters. The other important manufacturer is based in Cinte Tesino. Spirale has been settled in Tesino since 1975 by Franco Baido, an entreprenuer from Padua, who lead the company until his death in 2006. It is specialised in plastic footwear: waterproof and sport boots and a line of working boots with the highest certified European health and safety standards. In 2009 Spirale enlarged its productive capacities acquiring Rontani a leading company in Italy for shoes made in PVC and synthetic rubber. Rontani with Nora (with a production plant in Tuscany) is one of the two other brands owned by Spirale. Few years later, in 2012, the company was sold to a financial group based in Torino which is holding about 75% of the overall capital and only one quarter of the share belongs to the sons of the founder. In these years the company recorded good performance, consolidated with the opening of two branch companies based in Germany and Bulgaria. But the peculiarities of its productions, strictly related to seasonality and weather conditions, in 2013 and 2014 lead to a reduction in the sales (falled to 20 milions €) accompanied by increasing costs. At that time Spirale was employing in Tesino about 120 persons (3 managers, 23 administrative staff and about a hundred of workers).

Commerce

Provincia di Trento 36

Comunità di 31 Primiero 26 Comunità Valsugana e 21 Tesino 16 Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol 11 Magnifica 6 Comunità degli 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 49: % employees in commerce within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

20 Castello Tesino 18 Cinte Tesino 16 Pieve Tesino 14

10 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 50: % employees in commerce within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Self-employees

Provincia di 32 Trento

Comunità di 27 Primiero

22 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 17 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 12 Bersntol Magnifica 7 Comunità degli 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 51: % self-employed within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

7 1981 1991 2001 2011

Castello Tesino Cinte Tesino Pieve Tesino

Fig. 52: % self-employed within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

Freelance

Provincia di Trento 5

4 Comunità di Primiero

3 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 2 Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol 1

Magnifica Comunità 0 degli Altipiani cimbri 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 53: % freelance within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

4,5

3,5

2,5

1,5

0,5

0 1981 1991 2001 2011

Castello Tesino Cinte Tesino Pieve Tesino

Fig. 54: % freelance within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

Unemployment (by age groups)

Provincia di 35 Trento

Comunità di Primiero 25 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 15 Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol Magnifica 5 Comunità degli 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 55: % unemployment (15-24 years old) within within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

25 Castello 20 Tesino Cinte Tesino 15 Pieve Tesino 10

0 1981 1991 2001 2011

Fig. 56: % unemployment (15-24 years old) within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

10 Provincia di 9 Trento

8 Comunità di Primiero 7

6 Comunità Valsugana e 5 Tesino Comunità Alta 4 Valsugana e Bersntol 3 Magnifica 2 Comunità degli 1981 1991 2001 2011 Altipiani cimbri

Fig. 57: % unemployment (20-64 years old) within Trento province and LAG (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

2 1981 1991 2001 2011

Castello Tesino Cinte Tesino Pieve Tesino

Fig. 58: % unemployment (20-64 years old) within LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it )

30,0

25,0

20,0 15-24 15,0 25-34 10,0

5,0

0,0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 59: % unemployment (15-24 and 25-34 years old) in Trento province (source: http://dati-giovani.istat.it/# )

Inactivity rate

80,0

70,0

60,0

50,0

40,0 15-24 30,0 25-34 20,0

10,0

0,0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 60: % inactivity (15-24 and 25-34 years old) in Trento province (source: http://dati-giovani.istat.it/# )

Employees working within or outside the area

15 1991 2001 2011

Castello Tesino Cinte Tesino Pieve Tesino

Fig. 61: % of commuters exiting from LAG’s selected municipalities (source: http://www.statweb.provincia.tn.it)

Comment (see the following table for the “Inner Area”; source ISFORT 2011):

Indicator Value N. of commuters 1.065 N. of commuters students 256 N. of commuters workerss 809 N. of commuters students/total population of “Inner Area” (in %) 10,8 N. of commuters workers/total population of “Inner Area” (in %) 34,2 N. commuters moving by car 644 N. commuters moving by public means 179 N. commuters needing more than 30 minutes to move 220 N. of commuters needing more than 30 minutes/ total N. of commuters (in%) 20,7 % of commuters moving using public means 16,8 N. of resident commutersmoving within their own munniciplity 396 N. of resident commuters moving wothin their own municipality/ total N. of commuters (in %) 37,2 N. of coounters workers/ total N. of occupied (in %) 79,6 N. of resident commuters moving within “Inner Area” 582 N. resident commuters moving within the “Inner Area”/ toale N. of commuters (in %) 54,6 N. of resident commuters moving outside of the “Inner Area” 483 Rate of using public means to move outside of the “Inner Area” 21,1

Society

Education: n° students by age group or education level

17500 17000 16500 16000 15500 15000 14500 14000 13500 13000

Fig. 62: N. students in the secondary school (11-13 years) in Trento province (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

2000 Comunità di 1800 Primiero 1600 1400 Comunità 1200 Valsugana e Tesino 1000 800 Comunità Alta 600 Valsugana e 400 Bersntol Magnifica 200 Comunità 0 degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 63: N. students in the secondary school (11-13 years) within LAG (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

23000

22000

21000

20000

19000

18000

17000

Fig. 64: N. students in the secondary school (14-18 years) in Trento province (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

1600 Comunità di 1400 Primiero

1200 Comunità 1000 Valsugana e Tesino 800

600 Comunità Alta Valsugana e 400 Bersntol

200 Magnifica Comunità 0 degli Altipiani cimbri 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Fig. 65: N. students in the secondary school (14-18 years) within LAG (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

7000

6500

6000

5500

5000

4500

4000

3500

3000

Fig. 66: N. students in the vocational training centres (14-18) in Trento province (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

800 Comunità di 700 Primiero

600 Comunità 500 Valsugana e Tesino 400

300 Comunità Alta 200 Valsugana e Bersntol 100 Magnifica 0 Comunità degli Altipiani

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 cimbri

Fig. 67: N. students in the vocational training centres (14-18) within LAG (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

9500

9000

8500

8000

7500

7000

6500

6000

Fig. 68: N. University’s students in Trento province (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

900 850 Comunità di 800 Primiero 750 700 650 600 Comunità 550 500 Valsugana e 450 Tesino 400 350 300 Comunità 250 Alta 200 Valsugana e 150 100 Bersntol 50 Magnifica 0 Comunità degli Altipiani

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 cimbri

Fig. 69: N. University’s students within LAG (source: ISPAT, 2001…2016: Annuario Statistico)

List of schools/education organizations within (or surrounding) the selected remote area and students enrolled

secondary secondary vocational training centre (11-13 years) (14-18 years) (14-18 years) Trento province 92 112 34 LAG Comunità di Primiero 3 4 2 Comunità Valsugana e Tesino 7 8 2 Comunità Alta Valsugana e Bersntol 7 12 3 Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri 2 0 0 SELECTED MUNICIPALITIES Castello Tesino 1 - - Cinte Tesino - - - Pieve Tesino - - - Tab. 1: N. and type of schools (source: https://www.vivoscuola.it/)

Comments: as to students enrolled see Figs. 61 to 68. As to educational services in the Inner Area 1 nursery school in Cinte Tesino, 2 preschools in Castello Tesino and Pieve Tesino and primary school (6-10 years) in Pieve Tesino.

Info about basic activities of local social services (disability, addictions, alcoholism, ...) and about youth and elderly needing assistance/care

District (Comunità Valsugana e Tesino) is in charge to elaborate the so called “District Social Plan” that pinpoints: a) needs and resources for the territory, b) status of services and interventions; main goals and priorities of intervention; d) subventions; e) ways of communication to citizens and stakeholders. The catchment areas are the following:

 minors and families  adults  elderlies  disabled  area of addictions.

The District provides benefits by 2 specific Service Centres (1 in Castello Tesino) to:  self-sufficient elderlies or,  elderlies with partially compromised functional capacities living in either their own home or care residences and  adults with home assistance. Three shelter homes are managed by the District to sufficient and self-sufficient as well as to those are exposed to risks of social exclusion.

In “Inner area” there are 2 rest homes for elderlies: 1 in Castello Tesino and 1 in Pieve Tesino.

In Borgo Valsugana lies the open Day Care Centre for Minors “Sosta Vietata” providing animation activities in order to integrate minor at risk and developing continuous activities of support and accompaniment. The District implements also measures to supports households through the “Family District of Valsugana and Tesino”.

Districts maintains also the “Plan for Youth (pre-teen children, teenage, youngs and young adults)” on behalf of all municipalities to implement and finance projects. Four “Youth Communities” favour free access to youngs until 25 years old with support of local municipalities and local associations to implement meetings , labs and workshops requiring special planning.

Activities for disable minors and teenages facilitate the so so-called basic educational skills of either parents or parental figures. Climate stays and journeys are provided for disables and “Film Archive- Audio Film” for people with particular disabilities affecting sight are provided, too.

Associations Social Promotion Associations within District and “Inner Area” See official list of social promotion associations updated until 4th April 2018; this list is valid in order to get subvention directly from the province of Trento. As to whole province of Trento, see: http://www.trentinosociale.it/index.php/content/view/full/494/(objectsCount)/1/(relationName)/Registro% 20delle%20associazioni%20di%20promozione%20sociale/(relationAttributeID)/509/(relationObjectID)/376/( objectNodeID)/2088/(viewMode)/myfulldetailPaging .

As to the District (Comunità di Valle della Valsugana e Tesino) and Inner Area see (source: http://www.trentinosociale.it/ )

n. of Whose AREA of ACTIVITY ASSOCIATION n. of ASSOCIATIONS in the in the District Inner Area Elderly 10 - Youth 3 - mutual aid group 1 - Social 1 - welfare and social integration 1 - cultural activities 2 - leisure activities 6 Cinte Tesino: 1 Music 5 Castello Tesino: 2 Sport 1 Cinte Tesino: 1 promotion of territory 4 Castello Tesino: 1

Volunteers’ Associations within District and “Inner Area” See list of volunteers associations updated until 4th April 2018; this list is valid in order to get subvention directly from the province of Trento. As to whole province of Trento, see http://www.trentinosociale.it/index.php/content/view/full/494/(objectsCount)/1/(relationName)/Volontaria to/(relationAttributeID)/513/(relationObjectID)/86/(objectNodeID)/4052/(viewMode)/myfulldetailPaging

n. of whose SECTOR AREA of ACTIVITY ASSOCIATION in n. of ASSOCIATIONS in the District the Inner Area body for voluntary fire-fighting fire brigade 24 Castello Tesino: 1 service Cinte Tesino: 1 Pieve Tesino: 1 social inclusion Handicap 2 - social inclusion elderly/patient 3 - social inclusion exclusion/marginalization 1 - Health collection of blood 2 Castello Tesino: 1 Health patient transport 1 Castello Tesino: 1 equal to public 15 Pieve Tesino: 1 Education government-run preschools civil protection civil protection 1 - national and international international solidarity 2 - solidarity

Other associations (not listed before) within the “Inner Area” As to Castello Tesino, further information (not recorded in the official list of provincial associations) can be found http://www.comune.castello-tesino.tn.it/Territorio/Informazioni-utili/Associazioni2 . As to Pieve Tesino, further information (not recorded in the official list of provincial associations) can be found http://www.comune.pievetesino.tn.it/Territorio/Informazioni-utili/Associazioni .

AREA of ACTIVITY n. of ASSOCIATIONS in the Inner Area elderly Pieve Tesino: 1 leisure activities Castello Tesino: 1 promotion of territory Pieve Tesino: 3 youth - mutual aid group - social - welfare and social integration - music Castello Tesino: 2 Pieve Tesino: 3 sport Castello Tesino: 4 Pieve Tesino: 3 cultural activities Castello Tesino: 3 Pieve Tesino: 1 mountain rescue Pieve Tesino: 3 other Castello Tesino: 1 (Italian alpine trooper veterans) Pieve Tesino: 1 (Italian alpine trooper veterans)

Particular local events/festivals Trentino hosts lots of festivals, re-enactments and events all year long. The most popular cultural events which include local, national and international artists from all over the world. Wine and food festivals are promoting local traditional products. Religious feasts and folk events complete the offer. Two Municipal Tourist Offices (in Pieve Tesino and Castello Tesino) and the local site of Inter-distrist Tourist Board “ApT “Valsugana Lagorai” in Castello Tesino (https://www.visitvalsugana.it/it/uffici-turistici/uffici- annuali/ufficio-informazioni-castello-tesino/ ) provide all information at local and District level. At LAG’s level see:  as to Valsugana districts: https://www.visittrentino.info/en/guide/events?destination=8&startdate=&enddate=&submitted=1  as to Primiero district: https://www.visittrentino.info/en/guide/events?destination=14&startdate=&enddate=&submitted=1  as to Magnifica Comunità degli Altipiani cimbri district: https://www.visittrentino.info/en/guide/events?destination=22&startdate=&enddate=&submitted=1  as to Castello Tesino, further information can be found http://www.comune.castello- tesino.tn.it/Territorio/Il-paese/Manifestazioni-e-Fiere , As valid examples originated by former LAGs:  https://www.visitvalsugana.it/it/scopri-la-valsugana/sport/altri-sport/equitazione/ippovia-del-trentino- orientale/ ,  https://www.vacanzeinbaita.com/it/ ,  http://www.valsuganacultura.it/museodiffuso/ ,

As Tesino as a whole: see also http://www.valledeltesino.com/ ; https://www.ecomuseodeltesino.it/ .

General comments about available or lacking services in the area As to health services:

 1 hospital at District level (Borgo Valsugana town); people of the “Inner Area” are complaining the disempowerment of the structure,  Health District,  pharmacy: 1 in Castello Tesino and 1 in Pieve Tesino,  medical consulting room: 1 in Castello Tesino and 1 in Pieve Tesino,  landing and take off area for helicopter rescue service: 1 in Pieve Tesino,  In Castello Tesino there is the support of the Association “Servizio Trasporto Infermi del Tesino” (see patient transport).

The “Non-emergency medical on-call service” at “Inner Area” level has been closed since November 2016; citizens shall refer to Borgo Valsugana site. Nevertheless, because of huge touristic presence from 1 June until 1 September the service will be assured.

As to planning functions and services (local police, urban waste management, social policies with youth centers, care centers for seniors and elderly persons, …) the Inner Area is connected with the Comunità di Valle Valsugana e Tesino (source: Strategia Progetto Pilota Tesino, 2017).

Libraries: 1 in Castello Tesino and 1 Pieve Tesino.

Supermarket: 2 in Castello Tesino.

Postal services (office: in Castello Tesino, Cinte Tesino and Pieve Tesino. People of the “Inner Area” are complaining that deliver of mail occurs only ever other day and in Castello Tesino as well as in Cinte Tesino post offices are open 3 ever other working days in the morning; in Pieve Tesino 6 working days only morning from 8.00-13.00.

Banks: 1 in Castello Tesino and 2 in Pieve Tesino.