DOCSLIB.ORG

On the Absence of TP and Its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Jungmin Kang [email protected]

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
On the Absence of TP and Its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Jungmin Kang J.Kang@Wustl.Edu University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 8-12-2014 On the Absence of TP and its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Jungmin Kang [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Kang, Jungmin, "On the Absence of TP and its Consequences: Evidence from Korean" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 512. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/512 On the Absence of TP and its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Jungmin Kang University of Connecticut, 2014 This thesis explores the possibility that article-less languages may lack Tense Phrase (TP) projection (cf. Bošković 2012), focusing on Korean. I argue that Korean lacks TP and that the absence of TP in Korean results in a non-phasal Complementizer Phrase (CP) in Korean. I also provide an account of temporal interpretation in Korean that does not involve TP. In Chapter 2 I adopt Chomsky’s (2008) C-T association and Takahashi’s (2011) case-valuation approach to phase heads (a combination in which the lack of TP voids the phasehood of CP), and argue that CP/vP are not phases in Korean (although they are phases in English), based on several contrasts between Korean and English with respect to successive-cyclic movement which involve binding ambiguities, Numeral Quantifier floating, and A-movement out of CP. I also discuss certain contrasts between Korean and Japanese involving binding ambiguities and the interpretation of only. I show that these contrasts are accounted for if vP (but not CP) is a phase in Japanese. In Chapter 3 I discuss how temporal interpretation is determined in the absence of TP in Korean. I show that traditional tense markers -ess (past tense marker) and -nun (present tense marker) do not in fact correspond to tense morphology; specifically, I show that -ess is an overt perfect aspect marker, based on contrasts between its aspectual behavior and that of the past tense morpheme in English (cf. Chung 2005). On the basis of different behavior of -ess and -nun in coordinations, I argue that -nun is the PF realization of a null imperfective aspect head which raises to MoodP. I further argue that temporal interpretation in Korean is determined by temporal adverbials, aspect, and prospective modals, similarly to Chinese (cf. Lin 2005); however, I argue that unlike Chinese, aspectual specification (i.e. AspP) is obligatory in Korean. In Chapter 4, I discuss the structure of the Traditional Noun Phrase (TNP) in Korean, under a no-DP analysis (cf. Bošković 2008, 2012), with emphasis on the structure of classifier constructions. I propose two different structures for pre- and post-nominal ClPs, based on semantic differences involving the scope of focus. On the Absence of TP and its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Jungmin Kang B.A., Dongguk Univeristy, 2006 M.A., Dongguk University, 2008 M.A., University of Connecticut, 2012 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirments for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Connecticut 2014 i Copyright by Jungmin Kang 2014 ii APPROVAL PAGE Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation On the Absence of TP and its Consequences: Evidence from Korean Presented by Jungmin Kang, B.A., M.A. Major Advisor__________________________________________________________________ Željko Bošković Associate Advisor_______________________________________________________________ Jonathan Bobaljik Associate Advisor_______________________________________________________________ Susanne Wurmbrand Associate Advisor_______________________________________________________________ Mamoru Saito University of Connecticut 2014 iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS* It has been such a long journey to get to this final stage, standing here, about to complete my PhD; I took my first linguistics course in 2001. Yes, it has taken more than a decade to finish this journey, but I can definitely say that I truly enjoyed it. During this long journey, there were so many people who inspired, influenced, advised, and supported me. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor Željko Bošković for his endless guidance and support throughout the years that I spent at UConn. Željko was always there, with his insightful questions and crucial suggestions, to lead me to reach better solutions and analyses. I couldn’t have completed my dissertation without his help. I also really appreciate his encouragement, understanding, and patience; Željko always knew what I needed (and how to deal with me) at each stage of my program here at UConn. I would also like to express my gratitude to the other members of my dissertation committee: Jonathan Bobaljik, Susanne Wurmbrand and Mamoru Saito. Jonathan always helped me to look at my work from different perspectives. I enjoyed his insightful but challenging questions about my work at our meetings. I also thank Susi for endless discussions during our meetings; her comments were very helpful in developing my ideas. Moreover, I really appreciate her thoughtful and warm encouragement throughout the years at UConn. She definitely means more than just a committee member to me. I am also grateful to Mamoru for his helpful comments and advice. My meetings with him always made me rethink my analysis and see the patterns from a broader perspective. I would also like to thank my semantics teachers at UConn, Magdalena Kaufmann, Stefan Kaufmann, and Jon Gajewski, for their help in developing my semantics interests. I especially thank Stefan and Jon for their helpful comments and suggestions regarding the semantic part of this * The work presented in this dissertation was partially supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF grant 0920888, PI Bošković, Co-PI Gajewski). iv dissertation. In addition, I would like to thank Yael Sharvit (who left UConn a couple of years ago). I was so lucky that I had the opportunity to work with her. Yael supervised my first generals; without her, I might not have ended up with strong interests in semantics. My thanks also go to all other faculty members in the department (who taught me or with whom I worked as their TA): (in alphabetical order) Andrea Calabrese, Harry van der Hulst, Diane Lillo-Martin, Jon Sprouse, and William Snyder. They were good teachers and good examples of researchers and teachers. My life at UConn was easier and so much more fun thanks to my classmates and friends. I want to especially thank my first roommate ever (and my classmate and “NPI-friend”), Lyn Tieu, for her friendship. Without you, my life here would certainly have been boring and difficult. Thank you also for being my shopping-mate and for the countless hours you spent proofreading my paper, and discussing data/problem sets with me. You could not be ANY better as a friend & classmate than you are. I would also like to thank the (ex)-Vernon-crew, Beata Moskal (my LF), Neda Todorović, Aida Talić, and Peter Smith. The discussions with you guys always helped me to look at my data from a different perspective. Furthermore, you guys were always there whenever I needed emotional support, regardless of what time it was (even at 2am!). My thanks also go to Zheng Shen for his friendship and support, especially during the last year while I worked on my dissertation. I also thank all other colleagues and visitors whom I met in the department: (in alphabetical order) Scott AnderBois, Ana Bastos-Gee, Safet Beriša, Karina Bertolino, Johnny Cheng, Jean Crawford, Marcin Dadan, Kathryn Davidson, Miloje Despić, Natasha Fitzgibbons, Kadir Gökgöz, Mary Goodrich, Corina Goodwin, Zhanna Glushan, Matthew Hall, Gísli Harðarson, Ryosuke Hattori, Prof. Young Tcheol Hong, Chris I-Ta Hsieh, Helen Koulidobrova, Pei-Jung Kuo, Renato Lacerda, Yu-Riu Liu, Troy Messick, Irina Monich, Emma Nguyen, Toshiko Oda, Koichi Ohtaki, Prof. Heeheon Park, Jayeon Park, Vanessa Petroj, Roberto Petrosino, Nina Radkevich, José Riqueros, Jelena Runić, Yuta Sakamoto, Tsuyoshi Sawada, Nilufer Şener, Serkan Şener, Yoshiyuki Shibata, v Koji Shimamura, Adrian Stegovec, Masahiko Takahashi, Kensuke Takita, Abigail Thornton, Alexandre Vaxman, Julio Villa- García, Ting Xu, Jing Yang, YongSuk Yoo, and Cynthia Zocca. I also want to thank my former advisor, Prof. Myung-Kwan Park at Dongguk University. He introduced me to the world of Syntax and showed me what it is to live in that world. Without him, I would not have been able to come here to UConn. I also thank my first linguistics teacher, Prof. Eui- Yeon Cho at Dongguk University, for introducing me to Linguistics, and for encouraging me to study it further in the MA program. Also, I should not forget to thank all of my non-linguist friends here and back home. I won’t list all of your names; I don’t want to miss any of you. If you don’t see your name here, your names are in my mind. However, special thanks goes to Neno, who always makes me laugh; Sangyeon and Yoom, who have been willing to be my cyber-friends over the years; Jinhee, whom I can always go and find whenever I need some Korean-time; and Soo and Bora, who are my little sisters here in the States. My deepest gratitude goes to my family. Mom and Dad, without your love and support, I couldn’t have made it this far. Also, thank you, my sister, Sunyoung, and my little brother, Byunggu, for being my siblings! Thank you and love you all. I dedicate my thesis to my parents, Sungyoon Kang and Miryoung Jeon. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Basic Korean: a Grammar and Workbook
    BASIC KOREAN: A GRAMMAR AND WORKBOOK Basic Korean: A Grammar and Workbook comprises an accessible reference grammar and related exercises in a single volume. This workbook presents twenty-five individual grammar points in lively and realistic contexts, covering the core material which students would expect to encounter in their first year of learning Korean. Grammar points are followed by examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. Basic Korean is suitable for both class use as well as independent study. Key features include: • abundant exercises with full answer key • all Korean entries presented in Hangul with English translations • subject index. Clearly presented and user-friendly, Basic Korean provides readers with the essential tools to express themselves in a wide variety of situations, making it an ideal grammar reference and practice resource for both beginners and students with some knowledge of the language. Andrew Sangpil Byon is Associate Professor at the State University of New York at Albany, where he teaches courses in Korean language and civilization. 99780415774871_A01.indd780415774871_A 01.ind d i i 77/4/2008/4/2008 11:43:04:43:04 PPMM Other titles available in the Grammar Workbooks series are: Basic Cantonese Intermediate Cantonese Basic Chinese Intermediate Chinese Basic German Intermediate German Basic Italian Basic Irish Intermediate Irish Basic Polish Intermediate Polish Basic Russian Intermediate Russian Basic Spanish Intermediate Spanish Basic Welsh Intermediate Welsh
    [Show full text]
  • Korean Honorific Speech Style Shift: Intra-Speaker
    KOREAN HONORIFIC SPEECH STYLE SHIFT: INTRA-SPEAKER VARIABLES AND CONTEXT A DISSERATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN EAST ASIAN LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES (KOREAN) MAY 2014 By Sumi Chang Dissertation Committee: Ho-min Sohn, Chairperson Dong Jae Lee Mee Jeong Park Lourdes Ortega Richard Schmidt Keywords: Korean honorifics, grammaticalization, indexicality, stance, identity ⓒ Copyright 2014 by Sumi Chang ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No words can express my appreciation to all the people who have helped me over the course of my doctoral work which has been a humbling and enlightening experience. First, I want to express my deepest gratitude to my Chair, Professor Ho-min Sohn, for his intellectual guidance, enthusiasm, and constant encouragement. I feel very fortunate to have been under his tutelage and supervision. I also wish to thank his wife, Mrs. Sook-Hi Sohn samonim, whose kindness and generosity extended to all the graduate students, making each of us feel special and at home over the years. Among my committee members, I am particularly indebted to Professor Dong Jae Lee for continuing to serve on my committee even after his retirement. His thoughtfulness and sense of humor alleviated the concerns and the pressure I was under. Professor Mee Jeong Park always welcomed my questions and helped me organize my jumbled thoughts. Her support and reassurance, especially in times of self-doubt, have been true blessings. Professor Lourdes Ortega's invaluable comments since my MA days provided me with a clear direction and goal.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Causatives in Korean: Problems in Grammatical Polysemy and Constructional Relations
    Morphological Causatives in Korean: Problems in Grammatical Polysemy and Constructional Relations by Jeong-Woon Park B.A. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 1983 M.A (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 1985 M.A. (University of California at Berkeley) 1990 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA at BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor Charles J. Fillmore, Co-Chair Professor Eve Sweetser, Co-Chair Professor George Lakoff Professor Alan Timberlake Professor Peter Sells 1994 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. The dissertation of Jeong-Woon Park is approved: Co-Chaii Dai t ??y Co-i fefcrCl/A___________ University of California at Berkeley 1994 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Morphological Causatives in Korean: Problems in Grammatical Polysemy and Constructional Relations Copyright © 1994 by Jeong-Woon Park Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Abstract Morphological Causatives in Korean: Problems in Grammatical Polysemy and Constructional Relations by Jeong-Woon Park Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics University of California at Berkeley Professor Charles J. Fillmore, Co-Chair Professor Eve Sweetser, Co-Chair This dissertation is an analysis of the Korean morphological causative con­ struction in comparison with a range of constructions related to it either for­ mally or semantically. In previous work the causative marker (CM) used in the morphological causative has generally been treated as being homonymous with the marker used in the morphological passive, both variously surfacing as i, ki, li, or hi depending on context.
    [Show full text]
  • Porting Grammars Between Typologically Similar Languages: Japanese to Korean Roger KIM Mary DALRYMPLE Palo Alto Research Center Dept
    Porting Grammars between Typologically Similar Languages: Japanese to Korean Roger KIM Mary DALRYMPLE Palo Alto Research Center Dept. of Computer Science 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. King's College London Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Strand, London WC2R 2LS UK [email protected] [email protected] Ronald M. KAPLAN Tracy Holloway KING Palo Alto Research Center Palo Alto Research Center 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract We report on a preliminary investigation of the dif®culty of converting a grammar of one lan- guage into a grammar of a typologically similar language. In this investigation, we started with the ParGram grammar of Japanese and used that as the basis for a grammar of Korean. The re- sults are encouraging for the use of grammar porting to bootstrap new grammar development. 1 Introduction The Parallel Grammar project (ParGram) is an international collaboration aimed at producing broad-cov- erage computational grammars for a variety of languages (Butt et al., 1999; Butt et al., 2002). The gram- mars (currently of English, French, German, Japanese, Norwegian, and Urdu) are written in the frame- work of Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) (Kaplan and Bresnan, 1982; Dalrymple, 2001), and they are constructed using a common engineering and high-speed processing platform for LFG grammars, the XLE (Maxwell and Kaplan, 1993). These grammars, as do all LFG grammars, assign two levels of syntac- tic representation to the sentences of a language: a super®cial phrase structure tree (called a constituent structure or c-structure) and an underlying matrix of features and values (the functional structure or f- structure).
    [Show full text]
  • The Korean Internally-Headed Relative Clause Construction: Its Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic Aspects
    The Korean Internally-Headed Relative Clause Construction: Its Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic Aspects Item Type text; Electronic Dissertation Authors Lee, Jeongrae Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 28/09/2021 06:40:45 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193783 THE KOREAN INTERNALLY-HEADED RELATIVE CLAUSE CONSTRUCTION: ITS MORPHOLOGICAL, SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC ASPECTS by Jeongrae Lee ________________________ Copyright © Jeongrae Lee 2006 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2006 2 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Dissertation Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by Jeongrae Lee entitled The Korean Internally-headed Relative Clause Construction: Its Morphological, Syntactic and Semantic Aspects and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Heidi B. Harley ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Simin Karimi ________________________________________________________Date: July 13. 2006 Andrew Barss ________________________________________________________Date: July 13, 2006 Rudolph C. Troike Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate’s submission of the final copies of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement.
    [Show full text]
  • Topicalization and Negation In
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 056 557 FL 002 467 AUTHOR Oh, Choon-Kyu TITLE Aspects of Korean Syntax:Quantification, Relativization, Topicalization,and Negation. INSTITUTION Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. Dept.of Linguistics. PUB DATF Aug 71 NOTE 235p.; Doctoral dissertationpublished in Working Papers in Linauistics,v3 n3 Jun 1971 EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$9.87 DESCRIPTORS *Connected Discourse; *DeepStructure; Doctoral Theses; Grammar; *Korean;Linguistic Theory; Negative Forms (Language); *Semantics;sentences; Surface Structure; Syntax;Transformation GenerativQ Grammar; Transformations (Language);*Transformation Theory (Language) ABSTRACT By offering solutions tolong-standing problems like quantification, relativization,topicalization and negationin Korean syntax, the presentdissertation aims to show thelimitations of any approach which concentrateson the sentence as alinguistic unit or which takes semanticsfo be interp-etative. Onepossible solution suggested here is atopic-by-topi.J approach, with theidea that there are two basic typesof sentences: introductorysentences which introduce the existence of anobject or fact, and other sentences which assertthings other than theexistence of that item. Chapter two covers quantification;chapter three discusses restrictive and non-rertrictiveclauses; chapter four considers topicalization; and chapter fivedeals with negation. Appendix one discusses formal constraints onthe deletion of reflexive pronouns and considers the roleof presupposition in grammarin the area of pronominalization by deletion. Otherappendixes list the rules used in the paper and Koreanparticles. A bibliography isincluded. (Author/W) From: Ubiking Papers in Linguistics;Vol. 3, NO. 32 June 1971. ASPECTS OF KOREAN SYNTAX: QUANTIFICATION, RELATIVIZATION, TOPICALIZATION, AND NEGATION A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATEDIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIALFULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LINGUISTICS AUGUST 1971 U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Free Foreign Language Teacher Resources from the Language Resource Centers
    Free Foreign Language Teacher Resources from the Common LRC Website Language Resource Centers http://www.nflrc.org Download a PDF with hotlinks from the LRC Common Website at http://www.nflrc.org/lrc_broc_full.pdf Visit the LRC Common Website for regular updates and additional information. Visit the LRC Common Website for information on summer workshops, institutes, and scholarship opportunities Last updated 09/2013 Free Resources from Language Resource Centers For updated information visit the LRC common website at www.nflrc.org Page 1 of 26 Entries marked with * are new for 2012-2013 / Entries marked with ** have been expanded in 2012-2013 Teacher Guides & Tools – General Alphabet Charts Full color alphabet charts with transcription and sound examples, IPA symbols, and letter CeLCAR http://iub.edu/~celcar/language_informat names for Azerbaijani, Dari, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Mongolian, Pashto, Tajiki, Turkmen, Uyghur, ional_materials.php Uzbek. Arabic Online Corpus Online corpus mostly from the Arabic press and search tools that provide students, teachers, NMELRC http://nmelrc.org/online-arabic-corpus and material developers powerful tools to access authentic language in context. Bringing the Standards to the Handbook for teachers on how to implement the standards in their classrooms. NFLRC – K12 archived Classroom: A Teacher’s Guide http://web.archive.org/web/2010110314 5446/http://nflrc.iastate.edu/pubs/standa rds/standards.html **California Subject Examinations for These materials attempt to provide CSET-Arabic takers with basic review notes and practice LARC http://larc.sdsu.edu/downloads/CSET/CSE Teachers (CSET): Arabic Language questions covering solely domains in Subtest I: General Linguistics and Linguistics of the TArabicLanguagePowerPoint.pdf Preparation Material Target Language, and Literary and Cultural Texts and Traditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Linguistic Landscape for Korean Learning: a Survey of Perception, Attitude, and Practice of Korean Beginners at a Korean University
    ISSN 1798-4769 Journal of Language Teaching and Research, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 956-961, November 2020 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1106.12 Linguistic Landscape for Korean Learning: A Survey of Perception, Attitude, and Practice of Korean Beginners at a Korean University Wenjin Qi Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, China Heng Zhang Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang, China Nadezda Sorokina Woosong University, Daejeon, South Korea Abstract—This study aimed to investigate the perception of, attitude to and practice of linguistic landscape for Korean learning among the international Korean beginners. A questionnaire as a self-assessment instrument was given to a group of 41 international university students with lower Korean language proficiency studying in a Korean university. The descriptive statistics indicated that for perception, although they pay attention to English the most, they could also notice Korean and Romanized Korean on the linguistic landscape (LL). They are positive to the LL as authentic input for Korean learning in terms of attitude. What is more, they could use the LL to enhance their Korean learning particularly in practicing pronunciation and enriching vocabulary, with relatively less practice on grammar checking. This study attested the previous studies concerning the LL as an authentic source for language learning on the one hand, and on the other hand, it showed that even without guidance from the teachers in formal settings, the students could also spontaneously use the LL to learn the Korean language in natural settings. Index Terms—linguistic landscape, Korean language learning, perception, attitude, practice, input I. INTRODUCTION Linguistic landscape (LL hereafter) is an emerging field of applied linguistics focusing on language(s) “displayed and exposed in public spaces” (Shohamy & Gorter, 2009, p.1).
    [Show full text]
  • Subject and Object Markings in Conversational Korean
    Subject and Object Markings in Conversational Korean by Taeho Kim August 19, 2008 A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the State University of New York at Bu®alo in partial ful¯llment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics Copyright by Taeho Kim 2008 i Acknowledgements During the past four and a half years of my stay in Bu®alo, I have had many encounters. Though there are some I would rather have not experienced, many others made me feel extremely lucky. First and foremost, I am so lucky to have Dr. Mitsuaki Shimojo as my dissertation advisor. Since I started this dissertation, he has always been supportive in every aspect. From the bottom of my heart, I would very much like to thank him for his guidance, care and encouragement not only as an academic advisor but also as a mentor. He willingly shared much of his precious time during his sabbatical year with me for the discussion of this dissertation. His insightful and penetrating comments have always guided me along the right track. Not only his academic diligence and achievement but also his sincere care for his students have been an example of the teacher and linguist that I eventually want to be. He always encouraged me when I was overwhelmed and frustrated by surrounding pressures. Without his tremendous help, I could not have completed this dissertation. No matter what I could say or with how many words, it is certainly not enough to describe my deepest gratitude for his help.
    [Show full text]
  • Japanese to Korean Roger KIM Mary DALRYMPLE Palo Alto Research Center Dept
    Porting Grammars between Typologically Similar Languages: Japanese to Korean Roger KIM Mary DALRYMPLE Palo Alto Research Center Dept. of Computer Science 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. King's College London Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Strand, London WC2R 2LS UK [email protected] [email protected] Ronald M. KAPLAN Tracy Holloway KING Palo Alto Research Center Palo Alto Research Center 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. 3333 Coyote Hill Rd. Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract We report on a preliminary investigation of the difficulty of converting a grammar of one lan- guage into a grammar of a typologically similar language. In this investigation, we started with the ParGram grammar of Japanese and used that as the basis for a grammar of Korean. The re- sults are encouraging for the use of grammar porting to bootstrap new grammar development. 1 Introduction The Parallel Grammar project (ParGram) is an international collaboration aimed at producing broad-cov- erage computational grammars for a variety of languages (Butt et al., 1999; Butt et al., 2002). The gram- mars (currently of English, French, German, Japanese, Norwegian, and Urdu) are written in the frame- work of Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) (Kaplan and Bresnan, 1982; Dalrymple, 2001), and they are constructed using a common engineering and high-speed processing platform for LFG grammars, the XLE (Maxwell and Kaplan, 1993). These grammars, as do all LFG grammars, assign two levels of syntac- tic representation to the sentences of a language: a superficial phrase structure tree (called a constituent structure or c-structure) and an underlying matrix of features and values (the functional structure or f- structure).
    [Show full text]
  • Second Language Acquisition of Korean Case by Learners With
    Second Language Acquisition of Korean Case by Learners with Different First Languages Hyunjung Ahn A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2015 Reading Committee: Julia Herschensohn, Co-chair Edith Aldridge, Co-chair Barbara Citko Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Linguistics 1 ©Copyright 2015 Hyunjung Ahn 2 Abstract Second Language Acquisition of Korean Case by Learners with Different First Languages by Hyunjung Ahn Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics University of Washington, Seattle This dissertation examines the role of L2 learners’ first language (L1) in acquiring a target morpho-syntactic feature (case) and learner perceptions of the L2 grammar, specifically, Korean case and case particles. In addition to investigating what and how much is transferred from the L1, the study also looks to see if learners’ perceptions match their actual production. In order to answer these research questions, two quantitative and one qualitative study were used. The initial quantitative study was conducted using an expanded grammaticality judgment task completed by 25 English L1 learners of Korean, with 15 Korean L1 controls. The Key findings from that studied suggest that English L1 learners of Korean acquired nominative case earlier than the accusative case, patterning with Korean L1 acquisition. Also, learners accurately identified the incorrect usage of nominative particles 60% of the time, but only 51% for accusative particles. Building on the findings of that study, speaking and written production tasks were completed by 70 L2 Korean learners, who were divided into nearly equally-sized groups for three different L1s (22 Chinese, 27 English and 21 Japanese).
    [Show full text]
  • Ki-Moon Lee, S. Robert Ramsey, a History of the Korean Language
    This page intentionally left blank A History of the Korean Language A History of the Korean Language is the first book on the subject ever published in English. It traces the origin, formation, and various historical stages through which the language has passed, from Old Korean through to the present day. Each chapter begins with an account of the historical and cultural background. A comprehensive list of the literature of each period is then provided and the textual record described, along with the script or scripts used to write it. Finally, each stage of the language is analyzed, offering new details supplementing what is known about its phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. The extraordinary alphabetic materials of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries are given special attention, and are used to shed light on earlier, pre-alphabetic periods. ki-moon lee is Professor Emeritus at Seoul National University. s. robert ramsey is Professor and Chair in the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of Maryland, College Park. Frontispiece: Korea’s seminal alphabetic work, the Hunmin cho˘ngu˘m “The Correct Sounds for the Instruction of the People” of 1446 A History of the Korean Language Ki-Moon Lee S. Robert Ramsey CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sa˜o Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521661898 # Cambridge University Press 2011 This publication is in copyright.
    [Show full text]