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Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles Mcdonald All Rights Reserved. The
Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles McDonald All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without, limitation, preservation or instruction. GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Richard Charles McDonald December 2014 APPROVAL SHEET GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR Richard Charles McDonald Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Russell T. Fuller (Chair) __________________________________________ Terry J. Betts __________________________________________ John B. Polhill Date______________________________ I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Nancy. Without her support, encouragement, and love I could not have completed this arduous task. I also dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Charles and Shelly McDonald, who instilled in me the love of the Lord and the love of His Word. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................vii -
Navigating the Field: Fieldwork Strategies in Observation in Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia*
Navigating the Field: Fieldwork Strategies in Observation in Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia* Azizi Fakhri and Farah Purwaningrum Abstract The paper examines the kinds of fieldwork strategies in observation that can be mobilised to reduce time and secure access to the field, yet at the same time keeping depth and breadth in ethnographic research. Observation, as a research method, has been one of the ‘core techniques’ profoundly used by sociologists particularly in ‘focused ethnography’ (Knoblauch, 2005). The ‘inside-outside’ (Merton 1972, as cited in Laberee, 2002: 100) and ‘emic-ethic’ dichotomies have always been associated with observation. However, issues like ‘cultural disparity’ (Ezeh, 2003), ‘accessibility’ (Brown-Saracino, 2014); ‘dual-identity’ (Watts, 2011) and ‘local languages’ (Shtaltova and Purwaningrum, 2016) would have limited one’s observation in his/her fieldwork. To date, literature on the issue of time-restriction is under- researched. Thus, the focus of this paper is two-fold; first, it examines how observation and its related fieldwork strategies were used in fieldworks conducted by the authors in two Southeast Asian countries: Tutong, Brunei Darussalam in 2014-2015 and Bekasi, Indonesia in 2010-2011. The paper also examines how observation can be utilised to gain an in-depth understanding in an emic research. Based on our study, we contend that observation holds key importance in an ethnographic research. Although a researcher has an emic standpoint, due to his or her ethnicity or nationality, accessibility is not automatic. As a method, observation needs to be used altogether with other methods, such as audio-visual, drawing being made by respondents, pictures or visuals. -
Numbers in Bengali Language
NUMBERS IN BENGALI LANGUAGE A dissertation submitted to Assam University, Silchar in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Masters of Arts in Department of Linguistics. Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No 03-120032252 DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS SCHOOL OF LANGUAGE ASSAM UNIVERSITY SILCHAR 788011, INDIA YEAR OF SUBMISSION : 2020 CONTENTS Title Page no. Certificate 1 Declaration by the candidate 2 Acknowledgement 3 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1.0 A rapid sketch on Assam 4 1.2.0 Etymology of “Assam” 4 Geographical Location 4-5 State symbols 5 Bengali language and scripts 5-6 Religion 6-9 Culture 9 Festival 9 Food havits 10 Dresses and Ornaments 10-12 Music and Instruments 12-14 Chapter 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 15-16 Chapter 3: OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY Objectives 16 Methodology and Sources of Data 16 Chapter 4: NUMBERS 18-20 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION 21 BIBLIOGRAPHY 22 CERTIFICATE DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES ASSAM UNIVERSITY SILCHAR DATE: 15-05-2020 Certified that the dissertation/project entitled “Numbers in Bengali Language” submitted by Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No 03-120032252 of 2018-2019 for Master degree in Linguistics in Assam University, Silchar. It is further certified that the candidate has complied with all the formalities as per the requirements of Assam University . I recommend that the dissertation may be placed before examiners for consideration of award of the degree of this university. 5.10.2020 (Asst. Professor Paramita Purkait) Name & Signature of the Supervisor Department of Linguistics Assam University, Silchar 1 DECLARATION I hereby Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No – 03-120032252 hereby declare that the subject matter of the dissertation entitled ‘Numbers in Bengali language’ is the record of the work done by me. -
Danish in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar
Danish in Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar Draft comments welcome! Stefan Müller Bjarne Ørsnes [email protected] [email protected] Institut für Deutsche und Niederländische Philologie Fachbereich Philosophie und Geisteswissenschaften Freie Universität Berlin Friday 12th October, 2012 For Friederike ix Danish Danish is a North-Germanic language and belongs to the continental Scandinavian languages. Preface Its closest siblings are Norwegian (Bokmål) and Swedish. It is the official language of Denmark and also of the Faroe Islands (besides Faroese). It used to be an official language in Iceland, Greenland and the Virgin Islands. In Greenland Danish is still widely used in the administration. The aim of this book is twofold: First we want to provide a precise description of a large frag- Danish is spoken by approximately 5 million people in Denmark, but it is also spoken by mem- ment of the Danish language that is useful for readers regardless of the linguistic framework bers of the Danish minority in the region of Southern Schleswig and by groups in Greenland, they work in. This fragment comprises not only core phenomena such as constituent order and Norway and Sweden. Of course, there are also Danish-speaking immigrant groups all over the passivizating, but to a large extent also a number of less-studied phenomena which we believe world. to be of interest, not only for the description of Danish (and other mainland Scandinavian lan- Danish is an SVO-language like English, but it differs from English in being a V2-language guages), but also for comparative work in general. -
For Multi-Ethnic Harmony in Nigeria
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1974 Curriculum (English language) for multi-ethnic harmony in Nigeria. M. Olu Odusina University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Odusina, M. Olu, "Curriculum (English language) for multi-ethnic harmony in Nigeria." (1974). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 2884. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/2884 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. S/AMHERST 315DbbD13Sfl3DflO CURRICULUM (ENGLISH LANGUAGE) FOR MULTI-ETHNIC HARMONY IN NIGERIA A Dissertation Presented By Margaret Olufunmilayo Odusina Submitted to the graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial degree fulfillment of the requirements for the DOCTOR OF EDUCATION August, 1974 Major Subject: Education ii (C) Margaret Olufunmilayo Odusina 1974 All Rights Reserved iii ENGLISH LANGUAGE CURRICULUM FOR MULTI-ETHNIC HARMONY IN NIGERIA A Dissertation By Margaret 0. Odusina Approved as to style and content by: Dr. Norma J/an Anderson, Chairman of Committee a iv DEDICATION to My Father: Isaac Adekoya Otunubi Omo Olisa Abata Emi Odo ti m’Odosan Omo• « • * Ola baba ni m’omo yan » • • ' My Mother: Julianah Adepitan Otunubi Omo Oba Ijasi 900 m Ijasi elelemele alagada-m agada Ijasi ni Oluweri ke soggdo My Children: Omobplaji Olufunmilayo T. Odu§ina Odusina Omobolanle Oluf unmike K. • • » • Olufunmilola I. Odusina Omobolape * • A. -
From Root to Nunation: the Morphology of Arabic Nouns
From Root to Nunation: The Morphology of Arabic Nouns Abdullah S. Alghamdi A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Languages Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences March 2015 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Alghamdi First name: Abdullah Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: Humanities and Languages Faculty: Arts and Social Sciences Title: From root to nunation: The morphology of Arabic nouns. Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis explores aspects of the morphology of Arabic nouns within the theoretical framework of Distributed Morphology (as developed by Halle and Marantz, 1993; 1994, and many others). The theory distributes the morphosyntactic, phonological and semantic properties of words among several components of grammar. This study examines the roots and the grammatical features of gender, number, case and definiteness that constitute the structure of Arabic nouns. It shows how these constituents are represented across different types of nouns. This study supports the view that roots are category-less, and merge with the category-assigning feature [n], forming nominal stems. It also shows that compositional semantic features, e.g., ‘humanness’, are not a property of the roots, but are rather inherent to [n]. This study supports the hypothesis that roots are individuated by indices and the proposal that these indices are conceptual in nature. It is shown that indices may activate special language-specific rules by which certain types of Arabic nouns are formed. Furthermore, this study argues that the masculine feature [-F] is prohibited from remaining part of the structure of Arabic nonhuman plurals. -
"I Did Not Get That Job Because of a Black Man...": the Story Lines and Testimonies of Color- Blind Racism Author(S): Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Amanda Lewis and David G
"I Did Not Get That Job Because of a Black Man...": The Story Lines and Testimonies of Color- Blind Racism Author(s): Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Amanda Lewis and David G. Embrick Source: Sociological Forum, Vol. 19, No. 4 (Dec., 2004), pp. 555-581 Published by: Springer Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4148829 . Accessed: 01/08/2014 17:53 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Springer is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Sociological Forum. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 152.2.176.242 on Fri, 1 Aug 2014 17:53:41 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Sociological Forum, Vol. 19, No. 4, December 2004 (? 2004) DOI: 10.1007/s11206-004-0696-3 "I Did Not Get that Job Because of a Black Man...": The Story Lines and Testimonies of Color-BlindRacism Eduardo Bonilla-Silva,1,4 Amanda Lewis,2,3and David G. Embrick' In this paper we discuss the dominant racial stories that accompany color- blind racism, the dominant post-civil rights racial ideology, and asses their ideological role. Using interview datafrom the 1997Survey of College Students Social Attitudes and the 1998 Detroit Area Study, we document the prevalence of four story lines and two types of testimonies among whites. -
BIBLIOGRAPHY NOTES to the TEXT 1 H. LING ROTH, the Natives
BIBLIOGRAPHY NOTES TO THE TEXT 1 H. LING ROTH, The Natives of Sarawak and British North Borneo. London 18%. Vol. I, XXXII + 464 pp. + map; Vol. II, IV + 302 pp. + 240 pp. Appendices. In vol. II Chapter XXI: Mengap, the Song of the Sea Dyak Head Feast, by J. PERHAM, p. 174-183. Chapter XXVII: Languages, Names, Colours, p.267-278. Appendices I, Vocabularies p. 1-160: Sea Dyak, Malay, by H. BROOKE Low; Rejang River Dialect, by H. BROOKE Low; Malay, Kanowit, Kyan, Bintulu, Punan, Matu, by H. BROOKE Low; Malay, Brunei, Bisaya, Murut Padas, Murut Trusan, Dali Dusun, Malanau, by C. DE CRESPIGNY; A collection of 43 words in use in different Districts, by HUPE; Collection of nine words in eight dialects, by CH. HOSE; Kayan, by R. BURNS; Sadong, Lara, Sibuyau, by SP. ST. JOHN; Sabuyau, Lara, Salakau, Lundu, by W. GoMEZ; Sea Dayak (and Bugau), Malau, by MR. BRERETON; Milanau, Kayan, Pakatan, by SP. ST. JOHN; Ida'an, Bisaya, Adang (Murut), by SP. ST. JOlIN; Lanun, by SP. ST. JOHN; Sarawak Dayak, by W. CHALMERS; Iranun, Dusun, Bulud Opie, Sulu, Kian, Punan, Melano, Bukutan, Land Dyak, Balau, published by F. A. SWETTENHAM, collected by TREACHER, COWIE, HOLLAND and ZAENDER. 2 SIDNEY H. RAY, The languages of Borneo. SMJ 1. 4 (1913) p.1-1%. Review by N. ADRIANI, Indische Gids 36 (1914) p. 766-767. 3 Uit de verslagen van Dr. W. KERN, taalambtenaar op Borneo 1938-1941. TBG 82 (1948) p. 538---559. 4 E. R. LEACH, Social Science Research in Sarawak. A Report on the Possibilities of a Social Economic Survey of Sarawak pre sented to the Colonial Social Science Research Council. -
Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present (Impact: Studies in Language and Society)
<DOCINFO AUTHOR ""TITLE "Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present"SUBJECT "Impact 18"KEYWORDS ""SIZE HEIGHT "220"WIDTH "150"VOFFSET "4"> Germanic Standardizations Impact: Studies in language and society impact publishes monographs, collective volumes, and text books on topics in sociolinguistics. The scope of the series is broad, with special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies; language conflict and language death; language standards and language change; dialectology; diglossia; discourse studies; language and social identity (gender, ethnicity, class, ideology); and history and methods of sociolinguistics. General Editor Associate Editor Annick De Houwer Elizabeth Lanza University of Antwerp University of Oslo Advisory Board Ulrich Ammon William Labov Gerhard Mercator University University of Pennsylvania Jan Blommaert Joseph Lo Bianco Ghent University The Australian National University Paul Drew Peter Nelde University of York Catholic University Brussels Anna Escobar Dennis Preston University of Illinois at Urbana Michigan State University Guus Extra Jeanine Treffers-Daller Tilburg University University of the West of England Margarita Hidalgo Vic Webb San Diego State University University of Pretoria Richard A. Hudson University College London Volume 18 Germanic Standardizations: Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert and Wim Vandenbussche Germanic Standardizations Past to Present Edited by Ana Deumert Monash University Wim Vandenbussche Vrije Universiteit Brussel/FWO-Vlaanderen John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements 8 of American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Germanic standardizations : past to present / edited by Ana Deumert, Wim Vandenbussche. -
Class-8 New 2020.CDR
Class - VIII AGRICULTURE OF ASSAM Agriculture forms the backbone of the economy of Assam. About 65 % of the total working force is engaged in agriculture and allied activities. It is observed that about half of the total income of the state of Assam comes from the agricultural sector. Fig 2.1: Pictures showing agricultural practices in Assam MAIN FEATURES OF AGRICULTURE Assam has a mere 2.4 % of the land area of India, yet supports more than 2.6 % of the population of India. The physical features including soil, rainfall and temperature in Assam in general are suitable for cultivation of paddy crops which occupies 65 % of the total cropped area. The other crops are wheat, pulses and oil seeds. Major cash crops are tea, jute, sugarcane, mesta and horticulture crops. Some of the crops like rice, wheat, oil seeds, tea , fruits etc provide raw material for some local industries such as rice milling, flour milling, oil pressing, tea manufacturing, jute industry and fruit preservation and canning industries.. Thus agriculture provides livelihood to a large population of Assam. AGRICULTURE AND LAND USE For the purpose of land utilization, the areas of Assam are divided under ten headings namely forest, land put to non-agricultural uses, barren and uncultivable land, permanent pastures and other grazing land, cultivable waste land, current fallow, other than current fallow net sown area and area sown more than once. 72 Fig 2.2: Major crops and their distribution The state is delineated into six broad agro-climatic regions namely upper north bank Brahmaputra valley, upper south bank Brahmaputra valley, Central Assam valley, Lower Assam valley, Barak plain and the hilly region. -
Catalogue of Marathi and Gujarati Printed Books in the Library of The
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofmaratOObrituoft : MhA/^.seor,. b^pK<*l OM«.^t«.lT?r>">-«-^ Boc.ic'i vAf. CATALOGUE OF MARATHI AND GUJARATI PRINTED BOOKS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. BY J. F. BLUMHARDT, TEACHBB OF BENBALI AT THE UNIVERSITY OP OXFORD, AND OF HINDUSTANI, HINDI AND BBNGACI rOR TH« IMPERIAL INSTITUTE, LONDON. PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. •» SonKon B. QUARITCH, 15, Piccadilly, "W.; A. ASHER & CO.; KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TKUBNER & CO.; LONGMANS, GREEN & CO. 1892. /3 5^i- LONDON ! FEINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, VD., ST. JOHN'S HOUSE, CLKBKENWEIL BOAD, E.C. This Catalogue has been compiled by Mr. J. F. Blumhardt, formerly of tbe Bengal Uncovenanted Civil Service, in continuation of the series of Catalogues of books in North Indian vernacular languages in the British Museum Library, upon which Mr. Blumhardt has now been engaged for several years. It is believed to be the first Library Catalogue ever made of Marathi and Gujarati books. The principles on which it has been drawn up are fully explained in the Preface. R. GARNETT, keeper of pbinted books. Beitish Museum, Feb. 24, 1892. PEEFACE. The present Catalogue has been prepared on the same plan as that adopted in the compiler's " Catalogue of Bengali Printed Books." The same principles of orthography have been adhered to, i.e. pure Sanskrit words (' tatsamas ') are spelt according to the system of transliteration generally adopted in the preparation of Oriental Catalogues for the Library of the British Museum, whilst forms of Sanskrit words, modified on Prakrit principles (' tadbhavas'), are expressed as they are written and pronounced, but still subject to a definite and uniform method of transliteration. -
Relic Noun-Class Structure in Leggbo
6 RELIC NOUN-CLASS STRUCTURE IN LEGGBO Larry M. Hyman and Imelda Udoh 1. Introduction * In many West African Niger-Congo languages, historical noun class prefixes undergo significant levelling and/or fusion with the noun stem. Starting from a full set of singular-plural markers both on nouns and on agreeing elements, the logical endpoint of such changes can be the total loss of noun classes, as has happened some of the best-known Benue-Congo and Kwa languages, e.g., Akan, Ewe, Yoruba, Igbo. Resistance to this tendency can be found in certain subgroups in Nigeria, e.g., Upper Cross, where languages such as Mbembe (Barnwell 1969a,b), and Lokaa (lwara 1982) have been reported to have full-fledged noun class marking and concord systems. It is thus striking that closely related Leggbo has lost all noun class agreement. Still, it is possible to identify a prefix-stem structure on the basis of a number of arguments. The purpose of this paper is to document relic noun-class structures in Leggbo, an Upper Cross minority language. Leggbo is spoken by an estimated 60,000 Agbo people in two local government areas, recently named Abi and YakuIT, in Cross River State. In §2 and §3 we demonstrate that although Leggbo has lost the inherited noun class system, nouns must still be analyzed as consisting of a prefix-stem structure. Sections §4 and §5 provide further evidence from reduplication and compounding, respectively, and §6 illustrates relics of • The present study is based on a field methods course held at the University of California, Berkeley during the academic year 2001-02, with the second author serving as consultant.