List of Longest Tunnels in the World
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Podzemne Željeznice U Prometnim Sustavima Gradova
Podzemne željeznice u prometnim sustavima gradova Lesi, Dalibor Master's thesis / Diplomski rad 2017 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Fakultet prometnih znanosti Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:119:523020 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-04 Repository / Repozitorij: Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences - Institutional Repository SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU FAKULTET PROMETNIH ZNANOSTI DALIBOR LESI PODZEMNE ŽELJEZNICE U PROMETNIM SUSTAVIMA GRADOVA DIPLOMSKI RAD Zagreb, 2017. Sveučilište u Zagrebu Fakultet prometnih znanosti DIPLOMSKI RAD PODZEMNE ŽELJEZNICE U PROMETNIM SUSTAVIMA GRADOVA SUBWAYS IN THE TRANSPORT SYSTEMS OF CITIES Mentor: doc.dr.sc.Mladen Nikšić Student: Dalibor Lesi JMBAG: 0135221919 Zagreb, 2017. Sažetak Gradovi Hamburg, Rennes, Lausanne i Liverpool su europski gradovi sa različitim sustavom podzemne željeznice čiji razvoj odgovara ekonomskoj situaciji gradskih središta. Trenutno stanje pojedinih podzemno željeznićkih sustava i njihova primjenjena tehnologija uvelike odražava stanje razvoja javnog gradskog prijevoza i mreže javnog gradskog prometa. Svaki od prijevoznika u podzemnim željeznicama u tim gradovima ima različiti tehnički pristup obavljanja javnog gradskog prijevoza te korištenjem optimalnim brojem motornih prijevoznih jedinica osigurava zadovoljenje potreba javnog gradskog i metropolitanskog područja grada. Kroz usporedbu tehničkih podataka pojedinih podzemnih željeznica može se uvidjeti i zaključiti koji od sustava podzemnih željeznica je veći i koje oblike tehničkih rješenja koristi. Ključne riječi: Hamburg, Rennes, Lausanne, Liverpool, podzemna željeznica, javni gradski prijevoz, linija, tip vlaka, tvrtka, prihod, cijena. Summary Cities Hamburg, Rennes, Lausanne and Liverpool are european cities with different metro system by wich development reflects economic situation of city areas. -
OZEL EK 2019 Ingilizce 4.Pdf
"[NBTSBGM ÎPLTFÎFOFLMJ .FSDFEFT#FO[&VSP LBNZPOBJMFTJ Mercedes-#FO[&VSPBSBmMBS EÜLCBLÎNNBMJZFUJZMFDFCJOJ[JZPSNB[ EBIBV[VOCBLÎNBSBMÎLMBSÎZMBJÜUFOBMÎLPZNB[ TEKBOR “Hayat Taşır” Telefon: +90(412) 456 6052 • Mail: [email protected] • Fax: +90(412) 456 6085 Adres: Bismil Diyarbakr Yolu 8.Km Bismil/DùYARBAKIR www.tekbor.com.tr Bu bir güç gösterisi. Yeni X-Class V6. 258 BG ve 550 Nm torka sahip V6 turbo motoruyla şimdi yollarda. BaķWan Sona (WNLle\LFL: ZF’den KomponenWler ve 6LVWHmler 2WREÕV \ROFXODUĊ PDNVLPXP JÕYHQOLN YH NRQIRU EHNOHUOHU =) QLQ ķDQ]ĊPDQODUĊ YH DNVODUĊ EX EHNOHQWLOHULQ NDUķĊODQPDVĊQD\DUGĊPFĊROPDNWDGĊU µUÕQOHULPL] \ROFXODUĊQ DUDFD KĊ]OĊ YH JÕYHQOL ELU ķHNLOGH LQLS ELQPHOHULQL JÕYHQOL YH NH\LƮL ELU \ROFXOXN \DSPDODUĊQĊVDøODU=)ÕUÕQOHULELUELUOHULQHWDPRODUDNX\XPOXGXUYHHQÕVWGÕ]H\WHNQRORML\OHJHOLķWLULOGLNOHUL LÀLQGLQDPLNKĊ]ODQPDYHD\QĊ]DPDQGDVHVVL]ÀDOĊķPDÏ]HOOLNOHULQHVDKLSWLU =)NRPSRQHQWOHULLOHDUDFĊQĊ]ĊQKHPNXOODQĊPÏPUÕPDOL\HWOHULQLKHPGHDUDÀYHÀHYUHÕ]HULQGHNLROXPVX] HWNLOHULQLD]DOWDELOLUVLQL] ]IFRPEXVHs BU GURUR TABLOSUNA BU GURUR BELGESİ YERLİ MALI Yerli üretim Ford Trucks, yerli malı belgesine sahip ilk ağır ticari markası olmanın gururunu yaşıyor. Bugün de yüksek yerlilik oranıyla üretimine devam ediyor, Türkiye kazanıyor. Ford Trucks Her yükte birlikte 444 36 73 / 444 FORD www.fordtrucks.com.tr TRUCKS • ,TRSZQ2&#,3+ #0-$+','120'#1510#"3!#","2&##!-,-+7512)#,-4#0 7-,# &,"5'2&2Ҳ-$2&#,#50#1'"#,2'*%-4#0,+#,21712#+',30)#7T,2&'1!-,2#62Q 0#1307","#01#!0#20'2Q,"#','1207-$$',,!#5#0#+#0%#"',2-1',%*#+','1207TTT The Turkish economy was affected by the US- The tension experienced in Turkey-US relations China trade war, Brexit developments, the Fed’s was reflected adversely to the markets due to the case decisions to raise interest rates, geopolitical risks, and of Pastor Andrew Brunson, and the speculative attacks also by some speculative exchange rate attacks. -
IINFORMATION for the DISABLED Disclaimer
Embassy of the United States of America Athens, Greece October 2013 IINFORMATION FOR THE DISABLED Disclaimer: The following information is presented so that you have an understanding of the facilities, laws and procedures currently in force. For official and authoritative information, please consult directly with the relevant authorities as described below. Your flight to Greece: Disabled passengers and passengers with limited mobility are encouraged to notify the air carrier/tour operator of the type of assistance needed at least 48 hours before the flight departure. Athens International Airport facilities for the disabled include parking spaces, wheelchair ramps, a special walkway for people with impaired vision, elevators with Braille floor-selection buttons, etc. For detailed information on services for disabled passengers and passengers with limited mobility, please visit the airport’s website, www.aia.gr Hellenic Railways Organization (O.S.E.): In Athens, the railway office for persons with disabilities is at Larissa main station. Open from 6 AM to midnight, it can be reached at tel.: 210-529-8838, in Thessaloniki at tel.: 2310-59-9071. Information on itineraries, fares and special services provided by the O.S.E. is available at: http://www.ose.gr. Recorded train schedule information can be obtained via Telephone number 1110. Ferries: The Greek Ministry of Merchant Marine reports most ferry companies offer accessibility and facilities for people with disabilities and has posted a list of companies on its website, www.yen.gr. For information concerning ferry schedules, please consult www.gtp.gr Athens Metro: Metro service connects Athens International Airport directly with city center. -
Warsaw in Short
WarsaW TourisT informaTion ph. (+48 22) 94 31, 474 11 42 Tourist information offices: Museums royal route 39 Krakowskie PrzedmieÊcie Street Warsaw Central railway station Shops 54 Jerozolimskie Avenue – Main Hall Warsaw frederic Chopin airport Events 1 ˚wirki i Wigury Street – Arrival Hall Terminal 2 old Town market square Hotels 19, 21/21a Old Town Market Square (opening previewed for the second half of 2008) Praga District Restaurants 30 Okrzei Street Warsaw Editor: Tourist Routes Warsaw Tourist Office Translation: English Language Consultancy Zygmunt Nowak-Soliƒski Practical Information Cartographic Design: Tomasz Nowacki, Warsaw Uniwersity Cartographic Cathedral Photos: archives of Warsaw Tourist Office, Promotion Department of the City of Warsaw, Warsaw museums, W. Hansen, W. Kryƒski, A. Ksià˝ek, K. Naperty, W. Panów, Z. Panów, A. Witkowska, A. Czarnecka, P. Czernecki, P. Dudek, E. Gampel, P. Jab∏oƒski, K. Janiak, Warsaw A. Karpowicz, P. Multan, B. Skierkowski, P. Szaniawski Edition XVI, Warszawa, August 2008 Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport Free copy 1. ˚wirki i Wigury St., 00-906 Warszawa Airport Information, ph. (+48 22) 650 42 20 isBn: 83-89403-03-X www.lotnisko-chopina.pl, www.chopin-airport.pl Contents TourisT informaTion 2 PraCTiCal informaTion 4 fall in love wiTh warsaw 18 warsaw’s hisTory 21 rouTe no 1: 24 The Royal Route: Krakowskie PrzedmieÊcie Street – Nowy Âwiat Street – Royal ¸azienki modern warsaw 65 Park-Palace Complex – Wilanów Park-Palace Complex warsaw neighborhood 66 rouTe no 2: 36 CulTural AttraCTions 74 The Old -
DLA Piper. Details of the Member Entities of DLA Piper Are Available on the Website
EUROPEAN PPP REPORT 2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Report has been published with particular thanks to: The EPEC Executive and in particular, Livia Dumitrescu, Goetz von Thadden, Mathieu Nemoz and Laura Potten. Those EPEC Members and EIB staff who commented on the country reports. Each of the contributors of a ‘View from a Country’. Line Markert and Mikkel Fritsch from Horten for assistance with the report on Denmark. Andrei Aganimov from Borenius & Kemppinen for assistance with the report on Finland. Maura Capoulas Santos and Alberto Galhardo Simões from Miranda Correia Amendoeira & Associados for assistance with the report on Portugal. Gustaf Reuterskiöld and Malin Cope from DLA Nordic for assistance with the report on Sweden. Infra-News for assistance generally and in particular with the project lists. All those members of DLA Piper who assisted with the preparation of the country reports and finally, Rosemary Bointon, Editor of the Report. Production of Report and Copyright This European PPP Report 2009 ( “Report”) has been produced and edited by DLA Piper*. DLA Piper acknowledges the contribution of the European PPP Expertise Centre (EPEC)** in the preparation of the Report. DLA Piper retains editorial responsibility for the Report. In contributing to the Report neither the European Investment Bank, EPEC, EPEC’s Members, nor any Contributor*** indicates or implies agreement with, or endorsement of, any part of the Report. This document is the copyright of DLA Piper and the Contributors. This document is confidential and personal to you. It is provided to you on the understanding that it is not to be re-used in any way, duplicated or distributed without the written consent of DLA Piper or the relevant Contributor. -
Hizli Rayli Sistemlerin Yolcu Taşima Kapasite Hesaplamalari Ve Türkiyedeki Benzer Sistemlerin Birbirleriyle Karşilaştirilmasi
HIZLI RAYLI SİSTEMLERİN YOLCU TAŞIMA KAPASİTE HESAPLAMALARI VE TÜRKİYEDEKİ BENZER SİSTEMLERİN BİRBİRLERİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI Ilgaz CANDEMİR_ , Serhan TANYEL_ SUMMARY Rail transit systems are found to be the most trusted transit systems all over the world. They have become one of the main parts of daily urban life as they provide, fast, safe and comfortable journey for passengers. If they are planned precisely, capacities up to10000-40000 passengers/hour can be achieved. They are also used as an important tool for to maintain well developed cities and provide dynamic city centers. In this study, some of the most important rail transit systems in Turkey are introduced. Their capacities tried to be determined by using different capacity calculation methods and the results are tired to be compared. ÖZET Dünyada halen en güvenilir ulaşõm modu, raylõ sistemlerdir. Gelişen teknolojinin yansõmasõ ile birlikte hõz, sinyalizasyon ve konfor problemlerini çözen kentsel raylõ sistemler büyük şehirler için vazgeçilmez olmuşlardõr. Planlama ,dizayn,araç ve ekipman seçimi, inşaat ve sonrasõnda çok titiz bir işletim isteyen metro hatlarõ ortalama 10000-40000 yolcu/saat kapasiteleri olan güçlü toplu taşõmacõlõk sistemlerdir. Raylõ sistemler ayrõca kentin homojen olarak gelişmesinin sağlanmasõnda önemli bir araç olarak görülmekte ve dinamik kent merkezlerinin oluşturulmasõnda etken olmaktadõrlar. Bu bildiride Türkiye’deki raylõ sistemleri hakkõnda kõsaca bilgi verildikten sonra, Türkiye’deki bazõ önemli raylõ ulaşõm sistemlerinin kapasiteleri farklõ yöntemlerle hesaplanarak, birbirleriyle karşõlaştõrõlmaya çalõşõlmõştõr. 1.GİRİŞ Dünyada 179 farklõ şehrin benimsendiği Metro ,hafif raylõ ve tramvay gibi kentiçi raylõ ulaşõm sistemleri, son yõllarda geç kalõnmasõna rağmen belediyelerimizin de rağbet ettiği ve ulaşõm politikalarõnõn baş hedefi haline gelen pahalõ inşaat yatõrõmlarõdõr. -
Dmytro Zaiets
Contemporary public art in the city space of Kharkiv1 Dmytro Zaiets, Department of Theoretical Sociology, Kharkiv National University; and Center for Social Studies, Institute of Sociology and Philosophy of the Polish Academy of Sciences Reflecting on the space of the city and its visual content with different kinds of art, I make no claim to originality. Art has always served an aesthetic, memorial and ideological function in the politics of urban planning, from сave drawings, through the medieval cathedral to the posters of Soviet socialist realist art. But the second half of the 20th century was distinguished, among other innovations, by the inclusion of art in the process of structuration of the urban environment, the set of visual patterns with the intent to “switch” the mode of “seeing” the city through a new formula for urban art, namely public art. This specific approach to contemporary art arose as both a consequence and a “mediator” of civil engagement in the public sphere of Western European and American cities in the 1960s. As such, public art tries through creative means to change the visual models through which the city is perceived. Therefore, public art is not only art, but also incorporates specific socio-cultural practices including the ontology and methods of visual anthropology and ethnography, semiotics, media theory, and other approaches that are not typically applied to the field of art criticism. Works of public art are reminiscent of a social experiment that simulates the sensation of displacement and confusion by creating innuendo and then challenges conventional codes and stereotypes, familiar relationships and social attitudes. -
An Application of the Graph Theory Which Examines the Metro Networks
TRANSPORT PROBLEMS 2015 PROBLEMY TRANSPORTU Volume 10 Issue 2 metro network; graph theory; cluster analysis Svetla STOILOVA*, Veselin STOEV Technical University of Sofia boulevard Kliment Ohridski 8, Sofia, Bulgaria *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] AN APPLICATION OF THE GRAPH THEORY WHICH EXAMINES THE METRO NETWORKS Summary. The graph theory gives a mathematical representation of transport networks and allows us to study their characteristics effectively. A research of the structure of metro system has been conducted in the study by using the graph theory. The study includes subway systems of 22 European capitals. New indicators have been defined in the research such as a degree of routing, a connectivity of the route, average length per link (which takes into account the number of routes), intensity of the route, density of the route. The new and the existing indicators have been used to analyze and classify the metro networks. The statistical method cluster analysis has been applied to classify the networks. Ten indicators have been used to carry out an analysis. The metro systems in European capitals have been classified in three clusters. The first cluster includes large metro systems, the second one includes small metro networks whereas the third cluster includes metro networks with only one line. The combination of both two methods has been used for the first time in this research. The methodology could be used to evaluate other existing metro networks as well as for preliminary analysis in the design of subway systems. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕОРИИ ГРАФОВ ДЛЯ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ МЕТРО СЕТЕЙ Аннотация. Теория графов позволяет организовать математическое представление транспортных сетей и эффективно изучить их характеристики. -
GMT Report2012.Qxp
GLOBAL METRO PROJECTS REPORT 2012 Metropolitan railways (metros) are high capacity electric transport systems that operate on dedicated routes, and can thereby achieve high service speed and frequency. Over the last few years, metros (also known as subway, underground or tube) have evolved as an efficient and effective urban mobility solution in addressing the growing concerns of urbanisation and climate change. This is supported by the fact that despite high capital requirements the sector witnessed a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.7 per cent between 2005 and 2010. In high density urban areas, metros form the backbone of integrated public transport systems and offer proven economic, social and environmental benefits. Given the huge investment requirement and long life span, metro systems have always been a driving force for technological and financial innovations. Government and metro operators are constantly seeking solutions to improve reliability and customer service, lower fuel and maintenance costs, as well as increase efficiency and safety levels in operations. The Global Metro Projects Report provides updated information on the world's top 101 metro projects that present significant capital investment opportunities. These projects have a total existing network length of about 8,900 km and a proposed length of over 8,000 km. The report covers 51 countries representing about 80 per cent of the world’s gross domestic product. It presents the key information required to assess investment opportunities in the development of new lines, extension and upgrade of existing lines, rolling stock procurement and refurbishment, power and communication systems upgrades, fare collection, as well as station construction and refurbishment. -
Athens Metro Athens Metro
ATHENSATHENS METROMETRO Past,Past, PresentPresent && FutureFuture Dr. G. Leoutsakos ATTIKO METRO S.A. 46th ECCE Meeting Athens, 19 October 2007 ATHENS METRO LINES HELLENIC MINISTRY FORFOR THETHE ENVIRONMENT,ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICALPHYSICAL PLANNINGPLANNING ANDAND PUBLICPUBLIC WORKSWORKS METRO NETWORK PHASES Line 1 (26 km, 23 stations, 1 depot, 220 train cars) Base Project (17.5 km, 20 stations, 1 depot, 168 train cars) [2000] First phase extensions (8.7 km, 4 stations, 1 depot, 126 train cars) [2004] + airport link 20.9 km, 4 stations (shared with Suburban Rail) [2004] + 4.3 km, 3 stations [2007] Extensions under construction (8.5 km, 10 stations, 2 depots, 102 train cars) [2008-2010] Extensions under tender (8.2 km, 7 stations) [2013] New line 4 (21 km, 20 stations, 1 depot, 180 train cars) [2020] LINE 1 – ISAP 9 26 km long 9 24 stations 9 3.1 km of underground line 9 In operation since 1869 9 450,000 passengers/day LENGTH BASE PROJECT STATIONS (km) Line 2 Sepolia – Dafni 9.2 12 BASE PROJECT Monastirakiι – Ethniki Line 3 8.4 8 Amyna TOTAL 17.6 20 HELLENIC MINISTRY FORFOR THETHE ENVIRONMENT,ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICALPHYSICAL PLANNINGPLANNING ANDAND PUBLICPUBLIC WORKSWORKS LENGTH PROJECTS IN OPERATION STATIONS (km.) PROJECTS IN Line 2 Ag. Antonios – Ag. Dimitrios 30.4 27 Line 3 Egaleo – Doukissis Plakentias OPERATION Doukissis Plakentias – Αirport Line 3 (Suburban Line in common 20.7 4 use with the Metro) TOTAL 51.1 31 HELLENIC MINISTRY FORFOR THETHE ENVIRONMENT,ENVIRONMENT, PHYSICALPHYSICAL PLANNINGPLANNING ANDAND PUBLICPUBLIC WORKSWORKS -
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ICONARP International Journal of Architecture and Planning Volume 1, Issue 2, pp:132-151. ISSN: 2147-9380 available online at: www.iconarp.com ICONARP Successes and Failures in Urban Development of Ankara Özge YALÇINER ERCOŞKUN Abstract Ankara, the capital of Turkey, represents a modern model city built in Keywords: the Republican period after 1923. The majority of the countries’ Ankara, Urban Planning, Car- Oriented policies, Transformation, population resides in this city after İstanbul and political, social and economic functions are mostly clustered in the urban zone. After 1940s, Urban Sustainability the city changed dramatically. Its population grew enormously and the city expanded through conversion of agricultural lands in the west. In addition, political and educational developments produced a significant Özge YALÇINER ERCOŞKUN, Doç.Dr. population of officials and students within the city. This paper focuses Gazi Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi, Şehir ve Bölge Planlama Bölümü, on patterns of settlement in Ankara from ancient times to today and Ankara. explains these from developments in the urban planning perspective. It [email protected] concludes that the global shopping malls and local transport- landuse policies together with the structure of housing market have directed the city to car-oriented sprawled development without an identity, encouraged the development of gated communities in the city. It InternationalJournal Architectureof and Planning Özge YALÇINER ERCOŞKUN concludes by posing the question whether this may change in the future and more mixed use can be expected. Özet Türkiye’nin başkenti Ankara, 1923’te Cumhuriyetin kurulmasıyla modern kentin simgesi olmuştur. İstanbul’dan sonra ülke nüfusunun çoğunluğunun yaşadığı kentte politik, sosyal ve ekonomik işlevler kentsel bölgede kümelenmiştir. -
Athens, Greece Smarter Cities Challenge Report
Athens, Greece Smarter Cities Challenge report Contents 1. Executive summary 2 2. Introduction 5 A. The IBM Smarter Cities Challenge 5 B. The challenge 7 3. Findings, context, approach and roadmap 8 A. Findings, context and approach 8 B. Roadmap 10 4. Recommendations 12 1. Strengthen regulation enforcement in the city centre 12 Recommendation 1.1: Use technology to strengthen enforcement 15 Recommendation 1.2: Make it easier for people to adhere to regulations 19 2. Develop a comprehensive multimodal transportation strategy 21 Recommendation 2.1: Define and ensure compliance with rules on parking for tourist buses 22 Recommendation 2.2: Improve pedestrian streets and prioritise additional streets for conversion 24 Recommendation 2.3: Establish a long-term strategy to reduce the use of cars 30 3. Deploy intelligent transportation technology 32 Recommendation 3.1: Deploy an Operations Centre to aggregate data and to monitor and coordinate mobility for Attica 35 Recommendation 3.2: Redeploy and upgrade the Regional Traffic Management System 38 Recommendation 3.3: Deploy video analytics system 42 4. Cultivate public and private information sharing 44 Recommendation 4.1: Engage public and private businesses and citizens in cooperation through Open Data 46 Recommendation 4.2: Engage with inter-agency stakeholders to enable real-time information hub 47 5. Engage Athenians on the transportation vision through multimedia 48 Recommendation 5: Launch a campaign to engage the public to help reduce congestion and reclaim public spaces 52 6. Set the foundation for a Metropolitan Transportation Authority 53 Recommendation 6: Align governance with goals 58 5. Conclusion 59 6. Appendix 60 A.