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5G for Trains

Bharat Bhatia Chair, ITU-R WP5D SWG on PPDR Chair, APT-AWG Task Group on PPDR President, ITU-APT foundation of India Head of International Spectrum, Motorola Solutions Inc. Slide 1 Operations • Train operations, monitoring and control GSM-R • Real-time telemetry • Fleet/track maintenance • Increasing track capacity • Unattended Train Operations • Mobile workforce applications • Sensors – big data analytics • Mass Rescue Operation • Supply chain

Safety Customer services GSM-R • Remote diagnostics • Travel information • Remote control in case of • Advertisements emergency • Location based services • Passenger emergency • Infotainment - Multimedia communications Passenger information display • Platform-to-driver video • Personal multimedia • In-train CCTV surveillance - train-to- entertainment station/OCC video • In-train wi-fi – broadband • Security internet access • Video analytics What is GSM-R?

GSM-R, Global System for Mobile Communications – Railway or GSM-Railway is an international wireless communications standard for railway communication and applications. A sub-system of European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS), it is used for communication between train and railway regulation control centres

GSM-R is an adaptation of GSM to provide mission critical features for railway operation and can work at speeds up to 500 km/hour. It is based on EIRENE – MORANE specifications. (EUROPEAN INTEGRATED RAILWAY RADIO ENHANCED NETWORK and Mobile radio for Railway Networks in Europe) GSM-R Stanadardisation

UIC the International Union of UIC Railways forms the requirements for a common communication standard for the railways

European Integrated Radio ETSI Enhanced Network the European Railway communications EIRENE ETSI-SMG standard body, defines the functional characteristics and interoperability of GSM-R networks

Mobile radio for Railway Networks

INDUSTRIAL in Europe (MORANE) Development PARTNERS MORANE and test of a GSM-R system based on the specifications defined by EIRENE Demise of GSM-R

GSM-R is being phased out from 2020 onwards:

• The system life-cycle is coming to an end, with vendor support uncertain beyond 2025/2030 • Severe interference with LTE out of band emissions • UIC wants to have a successor technology in place by 2020 for trials and by 2022 for deployment • UIC has already published a user requirement specification in their paper “Future Railway Mobile Communication System “ WHAT IS TETRA?

TETRA The Standard Developed by ETSI TERRESTRIAL TRUNKED Open digital standard in Europe RADIO Adopted worldwide Used by various verticals/segments

A Success TETRA Association represents more than 150 organizations worldwide More than 100 companies are involved in the development of applications

www.tandcca.com Over 110 countries have adopted TETRA Rail TETRA projects

Asia Pacific 1. () 51. XinChang Railway MOR (China) 2. Beijing Airport Express Line (China) 52. MTRC West Rail + KSL extension (HKG, China) 3. Beijing Light Rail (LRT) (China) 53. MTRC Disney Resort Line (Hong Kong, China) 4. Beijing Light Rail BaTong (China) 54. MTRC (Hong Kong, China) 5. Beijing Lines 1 & 2 (China) 55. MTRC XRL – stations (Hong Kong, China) 6. Beijing Metro (China) 56. MTRC (HKP railway district remote sites) (HKG) 7. Beijing Metro (China) 57. MTRC Shatin Central Link (Hong Kong, China) Europe 8. Beijing Metro L6 (China) 58. Macau LRT (Macau, China) 1. () 9. Beijing Metro (China) 59. Bangalore Metro, (India) 2. Dublin LUAS LRT (Ireland) 10. Beijing Metro (China) 60. (India) 3. () 11. Beijing Metro (China) 61. Railway Corp & 2 (India) 4. Metro () 12. Beijing Metro Phase 1 (China) 62. Delhi Metro Railway Corp (India) 5. St Petersburg (Russia) 13. Beijing Metro Line 10 Phase 2 (China) 63. Delhi Metro Railway Corp Phase 2 – Lines 1,2,3 6. () 14. Beijing Metro (China) extensions + Lines 4,5,6 (India) 7. Madrid Metro Sur (Spain) 15. Beijing Metro (China) 64. Delhi Metro Railway Corp Phase 3 (India) 8. Metro L1&3 () 16. Beijing Metro Line 15 - ph 2 (west) (China) 65. Delhi Airport Metro Express Line (India) 9. L2 (Turkey) 17. Beijing Metro (China) 66. Gurgaon Metro (India) 10. Eskisehir (Turkey) 18. Beijing Metro Yizhuang Line (China) 67. (India) 11. (UK) 19. Beijing Metro (China) 68. (India) 20. LRT (China) 69. Mumbai Central Railway (India) 21. Metro L2 (China) 70. One (India) 22. Metro Line 1 (China) 71. Busan Urban Transit Authority L3 + Ext (Korea) 23. (China) 72. Bansong Line (Korea) 24. Chongqing Metro Line 1 (China) 73. Busan-Gimhae LRT (Korea) 25. Chongqing Metro LRT L3 – ph 3 (China) 74. Metro (Korea) Country (AP) 26. Chongqing Metro (China) 75. International Airport Rail Corp (Korea) 27. Metro L2 (China) 76. Metro Line 9 (Korea) 28. Metro Line 2 (China) 77. Ui Sinseol LRT (Korea) Korea 10 29. Line 3 (China) 78. KRNA Phase 2 (Korea) 30. Guangzhou Metro Lines 5 & 6 (China) 79. KRNA Honam Line (Korea) Latin America 31. Guangzhou Metro L6 – ph 2 (China) 80. New Line (Korea) China 51 1. Medellin Metro (Columbia) 32. Guangzhou- Metro (China) 81. Express Rail Link () 2. Caracas Metro (Venezuela) 33. Metro Line 1 (China) 82. Express Rail Link – upgrade + KLIA2 ext (MYS) Hong Kong 6 3. (Mexico) - subs 34. Metro L1 (China) 83. MRT – SBK Line (Malaysia) 4. Trenes de BuenosAires (Argentina) 35. Metro L1,2 (China) + Metro police 84. Manila LRT Line 1 (Philippines) 36. L6 (China) 85. NSEW Line (Singapore)

Macau 1 37. Metro Line 2 (China) 86. NSEW Line - BLE extension (Singapore) 38. L3 (China) 87. NSEW Line – upgrade + JEMP,TWE ext (SGP) Taiwan 4 39. Metro L1 - 13 (China) 88. Downtown Line (Singapore) 40. exp – 5 new lines (China) 89. Sengkang-Punggol LRT (Singapore) TETRA for rail in AP 41. Shanghai Metro Police (China) 90. Taoyuan Airport MRT (Taiwan) India 12 Motorola 42. Suzhou Metro Line 1 (China) 91. Kaohsiung MRT (Taiwan) 43. Suzhou Metro L2 (China) 92. Taiwan Railway Administration (Taiwan) Philippines 1 Airbus 44. Light Rail (LRT) (China) 93. Taiwan High Speed Rail (Taiwan) 45. Line 1 (China) 46. Tianjin Metro Line 2 & 3 (China) Malaysia 3 Selex 47. Metro Line 4 (China) 48. L1,2 (China) Teltronic Singapore 5 49. Xian Metro Line 1 (China) 50. Xian Metro Line 2 (China) Taiwan High Speed Rail • 1 Central Train Control with 10 positions TETRA Communications system • Depot/Maintenance/Workshop Stations . 28 base station sites • 345 km of track . Customized Computer Aided Dispatch – Taipei to Kaohsiung (CAD) • Train Speed at 350km/h . Customized Train-borne equipment • 11 train stations . , stations & depots covered • Due to the hilly terrain in the northern . Fire-fighting radio in tunnels and region, and underground tracks, underground stations approximately 120km of track is . Portable radios covered by leaky cable. . Training Center Equipment . Outdoor shelters, Monopole/towers • UIC is moving towards next generation wireless communication technologies for rail operations to replace GSM-R – UIC has recently published a set of technology independent user requirements for the FRMCS (Future Railway Mobile Communication System) – UIC and TCCA are cooperating to define the next generation broadband communications for railway operations – The aim is to use standard technologies like 5G, and not a specialized system like GSM-R

Slide 9 Slide 10 Korea High Speed Rail will move to LTE

• At Present Korea Express Train which • The future Korea Rail Network commenced operations in April 2004 is Authority KRNA communications network based on APCO and TETRA Digital trunk will be based on LTE-R technology, a version radio standards of LTE being developed to meet the mission- • KTX runs at a speed of up to 300 kilometers critical service requirements of railway per hour. operators. • There are Three sections : • The network will support both operational and • Seoul to Daegu (~324Km) (Astro maintenance services on a high-speed Digital) commercial railway line operating at speeds • Daegu to Busan (~115Km) (TETRA) of up to 250 kph. • Daejeon to Mokpo - Honam Line • The network will be deployed on a railway (~252Km) (TETRA) line between Wonju and Gangneung as part of preparations for the Winter Olympics in 2018. 3GPP SA6 – Mission Critical Applications

Project Co-ordination Group (PCG)

TSG RAN TSG SA TSG CT Radio Access Network Service & Systems Aspects Core Network & Terminals RAN WG1 SA WG1 CT WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec Services MM/CC/SM (lu) RAN WG2 SA WG2 CT WG3 Radio Layer 2 spec Architecture Interworking with external Radio Layer 3 RR spec SA WG3 networks RAN WG3 Security CT WG4 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec SA WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS UTRAN O&M requirements Codec CT WG6 RAN WG4 Smart Card Application Aspects SA WG5 Radio Performance Telecom Management Protocol aspects Decision to form SA6 for mission critical RAN WG5 SA WG6 Mission-critical applications applications at joint OMA, ETSI and 3GPP meeting, Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing August 2014 RAN WG6 SA6 Terms of Reference approved December 2014 Legacy RAN radio and protocol SA6 responsible for Stage 2 architecture (GSM EDGE) First SA6 meeting was January 2015 Current SA6 officers: • Chair: Yannick Lair, LG Electronics • Vice Chair: Dave Chater-Lea, Motorola Solutions • Vice Chair: Suresh Chutturi, Samsung

Motorola Solutions 12 Additional SA6 Work for Releases 14-15

Study on MBMS usage for mission critical communication services • Looks at ways to improve how /when multicast can be used for MC services • Study complete Study into Mission Critical system migration and interconnect between MCPTT systems • Inter-system interface between MCPTT systems • Study has been presented to SA plenary in March 2017; intended to be complete in June 2017 as part of Release 15 work Study on Mission Critical Communication Interworking between LTE and non-LTE Systems • Interworking between MCPTT and TETRA, P25 etc – 3GPP ‘half’ of the interface • Study in progress; intended to be completed during Release 15

New for Release 15: Study on railway communications requirements • New project

Motorola Solutions 13 SA6 - Mission Critical Apps

Project Co-ordination Group (PCG)

TSG RAN TSG SA TSG CT Radio Access Network Service & Systems Aspects Core Network & Terminals RAN WG1 SA WG1 CT WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec Services MM/CC/SM (lu) RAN WG2 SA WG2 CT WG3 Radio Layer 2 spec Architecture Interworking with external Radio Layer 3 RR spec SA WG3 networks RAN WG3 Security CT WG4 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec SA WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS UTRAN O&M requirements Codec CT WG6 RAN WG4 SA WG5 Smart Card Application Radio Performance Telecom Management Aspects Protocol aspects SA WG6 RAN WG5 Mission-critical applications Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 New Working Group SA6 – dedicated to Mission Legacy RAN radio and protocol Critical applications (GSM EDGE)

Source: http://www.slideshare.net/zahidtg/ps-lte-standardization-progress-10th-july-2015

Motorola Solutions Confidential Restricted Slide 14 Status of Mission Critical

Key: * Study Items only produce proposals. Then standards maybe defined based upon the proposals. ** Remote UE Access via Relay UE

Standards for Mission Critical features are still evolving…

Motorola Solutions Confidential Restricted Slide 15 GSM-Railway (GSM-R) Replacement GSM-R Replacement for ETSC (European Train Control System) International Railway Union (UIC) calling for a GSM-R replacement: •Published user requirements in “Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS)” white paper (Mar 2016, http://www.uic.org/IMG/pdf/frmcs_user-requirements.pdf) •Expecting complete GSM-R obsolescence by 2030 •Calling for successor technology in place by 2020 for trials, and by 2022 for deployment

3GPP Started Release 15 Study Item New for Release 15: Study on railway communications requirements • New project

MSI CONFIDENTIAL & PROPRIETARY 16 Motorola Solutions Confidential and Proprietary Slide 16 Key takeaways

1. Mission Critical LTE - Standardization work is on-going in 3GPP 2. Mission Critical Broadband solution for Rail has many components – Not just 5G - Includes many Specialized Applications, Devices, Interoperability, Services 3. Rail Dispatch solution – 5G Mission critical features (R14++) will be able to support rail operations 4. Rail User Equipment (UE) needs to be ruggedized to meet environmental requirements

Slide 17 Motorola Solutions Confidential Restricted THANK YOU

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