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A Conceptual Design for the Triumf Kaon Factory Control System

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A Conceptual Design for the Triumf Kaon Factory Control System TRIUMF A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR THE TRIUMF KAON FACTORY CONTROL SYSTEM W.K. Dawson, R.W. Dobinson,* D.P. Gurd and Ch. Serre* TRIUMF Technology Division *on leave of absence from CERN CANADA'S NATIONAL MESON FACILITY OPERATED AS A JOINT VENTURE BY: UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA UNDER A CONTRIBUTION FROM THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA TRI-87-1 TRI-87-1 A CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR THE TRIUMF KAON FACTORY CONTROL SYSTEM W.K. Dawson, R.W. Dobinson,* D.P. Gurd and Ch. Serre* TRIUMF Technology Division *on leave of absence from CERN Postal address: TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver, B.C. Canada V6T 2A3 December 1987 All trademarks found in this report are acknowledged as such. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 1-1 1.1 Why Was a Design Study Undertaken? 1-1 1.2 How Was the Work Carried Out? 1-1 1.3 Report Layout 1-2 1.4 Acknowledgements 1-3 2.0 Requirements 2-1 2.1 The Accelerators - 2-1 2.2 Timing and Synchronization 2-1 2.3 Multiple Rings, Physical Size and Complexity 2-4 2.4 High Intensity 2-5 2.5 Safety Systems 2-6 2.6 Users of the Control System 2-7 2.7 General Needs - Motherhood and Apple Pie 2-9 3.0 Review of Current Technologies and Trends in Other Laboratories . 3-1 3.1 The Importance and Role of Protocols and Standards 3-1 3.1.1 Review 3-1 3.1.2 Trends in Other Laboratories 3-2 3.2 Software 3-3 3.2.1 Review 3-3 3.2.2 Trends in Other Laboratories . 3-7 3.3 Minicomputers and Microcomputers 3-8 3.3.1 Review 3-8 3.3.2 Trends in Other Laboratories 3-9 3.4 Buses 3-10 3.4.1 Review 3-10 3.4.2 Trends in Other Laboratories 3-12 3.5 Local Area Networks 3-13 3.5.1 Review 3-13 3.5.2 Trends in Other Laboratories 3-15 3.6 Architecture of Control Systems ... 3-16 3.6.1 Review 3-16 3.6.2 Trends in Other Laboratories 3-18 4.0 Reference Model 4-1 iii 5.0 Implementation 5-1 5.1 The Human Interface 5-1 5.1.1 The Main Control Room 5-2 5.1.2 Types of Control Stations 5-3 5.1.3 The Operator Interface - Hardware 5-3 5.1.4 The Operator Interface - Software 5-4 5.2 Software 5-5 5.2.1 The Software Environment - System Software 5-5 5.2.1.1 Operating Systems . 5-5 5.2.1.2 Network Software 5-6 5.2.1.3 Languages 5-7 5.2.2 Applications Kernel 5-8 5.2.2.1 Console Software 5-8 5.2.2.2 Equipment Access 5-9 5.2.2.3 Alarms, Logging, Etc 5-9 5.2.3 Application Software 5-10 5.3 Components of the System 5-11 5.3.1 The LAN 5-11 5.3.2 Equipment Crates 5-13 5.3.3 Processors 5-14 5.3.4 Parting Shots 5-16 5.4 Methodologies 5-16 5.4.1 Site Standards 5-16 5.4.2 Software Implementation 5-17 5.4.2.1 Software Engineering 5-17 5.4.2.2 Program Definition and Priority 5-18 5.4.2.3 Application Program Production 5-19 5.4.3 Controls Hardware 5-20 5.5 The Organization and Role of the Controls Group 5-21 6.0 Resources Required 6-1 6.1 Manpower 6-1 6.1.1 TRIUMF Staff 6-2 6.1.2 The Universities 6-3 6.1.3 Canadian Industry 6-3 6.1.4 Participation by People from Other Laboratories 6-3 6.2 Equipment Cost Estimates . 6-4 6.3 Implementation Timescales ..... ... 6-5 iv 7.0 Conclusions 7-1 7.1 General Remarks 7-1 7.2 Current Proposed Design 7-2 7.3 Further Work - A Program of Research and Development 7-3 7.3.1 Overall Design 7-3 7.3.2 Timing and Synchronization of the Accelerator Complex ..... 7-3 7.3.3 Analogue and Video Signal Collection, Distribution and Display . 7-3 7.3.4 General Software Environment 7-4 7.3.5 The Use of Workstations and Personal Computers as Consoles ... 7-4 7.3.6 VME Hardware and Software 7-4 7.3.7 Local Device Controllers ^-5 7.3.8 Languages > 7-5 7.3.9 Modelling and Expert Systems 7-5 7.3.10 Data Bases 7-5 7.3.11 Integration With the Present TRIUMF Control System 7-5 7.4 Final Remarks 7-6 Appendices Appendix A - Contributors A-l Appendix B - Preliminary Device Inventory ...... B-l Appendix C - Buses Versus Local Area Networks C-l Executive Summary A design study for a KAON Factory control system has been carried out during the period December 1986 to June 1987. In the course of the study wide-ranging discussions have taken place both internally and with colleagues in other laboratories. Work done so far represents only the first step in the design phase and must be followed up by more detailed studies. Suggestions are presented for a next stage program of KAON Factory control system research and development which must be carried out before final choices can be made. There are many urgent questions still to be resolved. We have reviewed the characteristics of the accelerators making up the KAON Factory, the requirements of potential users of the controls system and the current state of the electronics and computing technologies that might be used. A preliminary inventory of equipment to be controlled has been taken. We propose a reference model for the control system and investigate practical implementations of the model based on the use of widely supported national and international standards. The selected implementation makes use of a number of well established but not fully mature technologies. It can accommodate enhancement of capabilities in a straightforward evolutionary way. An important consideration was the commercial availability from more than one source of as many of the hardware and software components as possible. Preliminary cost estimates for the control system total $38.1 M. Since some major and many minor components have not yet been fully defined this number should be treated as a lower bound. When compared to the overall KAON Factory cost estimate we found, not unexpectedly, that the construction of the control system is manpower intensive. Manpower costs for both hardware and software represent about 17% of the overall manpower cost estimate while equipment costs are about 7.7% of the estimated accelerator costs. A major contributor to the costs is application software which will take about 120 man years - roughly one-half the total manpower estimate. New recruitment for the KAON Factory control system must take account of the need for specialized talents not at the moment found on site. The KAON Factory control system requires the application of advanced high technology in many areas which are new to TRIUMF. Maximum opportunity should be given to present staff to meet these new challenges. The magnitude of the new control system will represent a significant increase in size and complexity over the present TRIUMF one. A successful and timely implementation will require, from the start, proper long term planning and organization. It will be essential to use appropriate management tools throughout the project. The role and organization of the controls group should be defined carefully giving it equal weight with other participants in the KAON Factory program. We suggest that a controls representative now be included in the appropriate KAON Factory planning and study groups. vi SOMMAIRE Un avant-projet pour le système de contrôle de l'usine à KAON a été effectué entre décembre 1986 et juin 1987. Tout au long de cette étude de larges discussions ont eu lieu, aussi bien à TRIUMF qu'avec nos collègues des autres laboratoires. Le travail réalisé jusqu'à maintenant représente en fait seulement- 1*\ première étape de l'étude et doit 'être suivi par des recherches plus approfondies» Nous proposons un programme de Recherches et Développements pour le système de contrôle de l'usine à KAON, qui doit 'être entrepris avant que les décisions finales ne soient prises. Beaucoup de problèmes urgents doivent encore 'être résolus. Nous avons examiné les caractéristiques des accélérateurs composant l'usine à KAON, les requêtes des utilisateurs potentiels du système de contrôle, l'évolution de la technologie en électronique et en informatique. Un inventaire préliminaire des équipements à cSntroler a été effectué. Nous proposons un modèle de référence pour le système de contrôle et examinons ses possibles réalisations à partir de produits standardisés au niveau national et international La réalisation choisie fait appel à un certain nombre de technologies bien connues, mais pas encore complètement établies. Il peut s'adapter à un accroissement de capacités par une évolution simple et directe. Nous avons pris la précaution de prévoir, aussi souvent que possible, plus d'un fabricant par produit, aussi bien pour le matériel que pour le logiciel. Les chiffres préliminaires que nous avons estimés donnent un total de $38.1 M pour le système de contrôle. Etant donné que certains composants importants et beaucoup de composants de moindre importance n'ont pas encore été étudiés, ce chiffre doit 'être pris comme une limite inférieure. Lorsque nous comparons avec le budget total du projet de l'usine à KAON nous trouvons, tout naturellement, que la réalisation du système de contrôle réclame une main d'oeuvre importante.
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