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A Case of Shahi Guzargah Walled City of Lahore

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YAŞAR UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES MASTER OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT MASTER THESIS SIGNIFICANCE OF PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES ON DEVELOPMENT OF A MICRO-DESTINATION: A CASE OF SHAHI GUZARGAH WALLED CITY OF LAHORE MENAAHYL SERAJ THESIS ADVISOR: ASSOC. PROF. DR. GÖKÇE ÖZDEMIR UMUTLU 2019 İZMİR. ABSTRACT SIGNIFICANCE OF PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES ON DEVELOPMENT OF A MICRO- DESTINATION: A CASE OF SHAHI GUZARGAH WALLED CITY OF LAHORE Menaahyl, Seraj Master of Tourism Management Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökçe Özdemir Umutlu 2019 This case study investigates the significance of cultural resources on development of a micro-destination in the context of comparative analysis method. The study site is Shahi Guzargah, a linear historical passage within Walled city of Lahore. Despite the fact that Shahi Guzargah along with its neighboring streets are congested, lacks proper infrastructure and economically weak but yet it has the potential of transforming it to a tourist destination. This study highlights the potential hidden in the preservation of cultural resources through proper and concrete planning of living heritage city. And how it improves socio-economic standards of community and effects tourism. Semi-structured open-ended interview question-forms were used to collect qualitative data from 14 respective stakeholders of the walled city and 10 concerned officials. The results of the study show that preservation of cultural resources impacts and accelerates positively the development process of a destination. All opinions and gathered information reflect the importance for cultural preservation and its effect on increasing tourism. Key words: destination, micro destination, cultural tourism, cultural destination, cultural resources, tangible cultural resources, intangible cultural resources. ÖZ BİR MİKRO-DESTİNASYONUN GELİŞTİRİLMESİNDE KÜLTÜR KAYNAKLARININ KORUNMASININ ÖNEMİ: SHAHİ GUZARGAH SURLU LAHORE KENTİ ÖRNEĞİ Menaahyl, Seraj Turizm İşletmeciliği Yüksek Lisans Danışman: Goç. Dr. Gökçe Özdemir Umutlu 2019 Bu vaka çalışması, karşılaştırmalı analiz bağlamında bir mikro- destinasyonun geliştirilmesinde, kültürel kaynakların önemini araştırmaktadır. Çalışma alanı, Walled City of Lahore'de tarihsel güzergah olan Shahi Guzargah’ dır. Shahi Guzargah caddeleriyle birlikte sıkışık yapısına, altyapı ve ekonomik olarak da zayıf olmasına rağmen, bir turizm beldesine dönüşme potansiyeline sahiptir. Bu çalışma, kültürel mirasın korunmasının, yaşayan miras kentinin doğru ve somut planlaması yoluyla korunma potansiyelini ve toplumun sosyo-ekonomik standartlarını ve turizmin etkilerini nasıl geliştirdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu mülakat soru formları, surlu kentin ilgili 10 resmi temsilcisi ve 14 paydaşından niteliksel verilerin toplanması için kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları kültürel kaynakların korunmasının, bir destinasyonun gelişim sürecini olumlu yönde etkilediğini ve hızlandırdığını göstermektedir. Tüm görüşler ve toplanan bilgiler, kültürel kaynakların korunmasının önemini ve turizme olumlu yansımalarını desteklemektedir. Anahtar sözcükler: destinasyon, mikro-destinasyon, kültür turizmi, kültürel destinasyon, kültürel kaynaklar, somut kültürel kaynaklar, somut kültürel kaynaklar, soyut kültürel kaynaklar ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Almighty Allah for giving me enough power and capability to endeavor in reaching till this phase of my degree. Then, on earth I wish to express my deepest gratitude and sincere thankfulness to my supervisor Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökçe Özdemir Umutlu for her guidance, boundless support and patience during the completion of this thesis. I would also like to praise my respectable father, who always encouraged and supported me through every thick and thin of life. May Allah grant him highest rank in Jannah (Ameen). Last, but not the least I would like to appreciate the patience of my beloved husband in helping me to achieve the goal of completing this thesis. Menaahyl Seraj İzmir, 2019 TEXT OF OATH I declare and honestly confirm that my study, titled “SIGNIFICANCE OF PRESERVATION OF CULTURAL RESOURCES ON DEVELOPMENT OF A MICRO-DESTINATION: A CASE OF SHAHI GUZARGAH WALLED CITY OF LAHORE” and presented as a Master’s Thesis, has been written without applying to any assistance inconsistent with scientific ethics and traditions. I declare, to the best of my knowledge and belief, that all content and ideas drawn directly or indirectly from external sources are indicated in the text and listed in the list of references. MENAAHYL SERAJ Signature …………………………… Sept 16, 2019. Table of Contents ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... iv ÖZ ........................................................................................................................v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................... vi TEXT OF OATH .................................................................................................. vii TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................ viii LIST OF TABLES………………..…............................................................................x LIST OF FIGURE ................................................................................................. xi LIST OF ABBREVIATION………..............................................................................xii INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER I DESTINATION .................................................................................................... 3 1.1. Definition of the Tourism Destination........................................................ 5 1.1.1. Traditional Approach ........................................................................... 5 1.1.2. Administrative Approach ...................................................................... 6 1.2. Characteristics of a Destination ............................................................... 9 1.3. Types of a Destination ........................................................................... 10 1.3.1. Micro-destination ............................................................................... 11 1.3.2. Macro-destination .............................................................................. 12 CHAPTER II CULTURE ......................................................................................................... 13 2.1. Cultural Tourism - a medium for understanding Culture ........................... 14 2.2. Cultural Heritage.................................................................................... 17 2.3. Tangible and Intangible Cultural Heritage ............................................... 18 2.4. Cultural Resources ................................................................................ 21 2.5. Cultural Preservation ............................................................................. 21 2.6. Preservation of Cultural Resources ........................................................ 23 2.7. Stages of Cultural Preservation .............................................................. 26 2.7.1. Planning and Design Developmental Stage ..................................... 26 2.7.2. Constructional Stage ...................................................................... 27 2.7.3. Operational Stage .......................................................................... 28 2.7.4. Maintenance Stage ........................................................................ 28 2.8. Standards for Preservation ..................................................................... 28 2.9. Importance of Preserving Cultural Resources ......................................... 29 2.10. Significance of Technology in Cultural Preservation ................................ 30 2.11. The Use of Technology in Preservation .................................................. 31 2.12. Role of Archaeology in Cultural Preservation .......................................... 34 2.13. Role of Architecture in Cultural Preservation........................................... 35 2.14. Role of Cultural Resources in Tourism ................................................... 36 2.15. Cultural Resource Management ............................................................. 37 2.16. Importance of Cultural Resource Management ....................................... 38 2.17. Benefits of Cultural Resource Management Practices ............................. 39 2.18. The Relationship between Destination and Cultural .................................... Resources in Tourism............................................................................ 39 2.19. Significance of Cultural Resources on Marketing & ..................................... Management of Micro-Destinations ........................................................ 40 viii CHAPTER III RESEARCH STUDY .......................................................................................... 42 METHODOLOGY & FINDINGS .......................................................................... 42 3.1. Case Study ........................................................................................... 42 3.2. Qualitative Study ................................................................................... 43 3.2.1. Walled City – Facts and Figures .....................................................
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