Mughal architecture in pdf

Continue When the Muslims took over parts of Punjab, Kashmir and the Border, they not only introduced a new religion that is Islam, but also brought a new form of architecture and fine art to this pure country. Mosques, gardens, forts, palaces and mausoleums were built. These architectural monuments were so different that they divided the history of Park Indo into two separate parts: pre-Islamic and Islamic periods. When the British came in as the East India Company and ruled for more than a century, they also introduced English architecture on the Indo-Pak subcontinent. Later it seemed that the architecture of this region is now a fusion of Mughal and English architecture. When came into force, the British left running the administration and infrastructure for both the governments of Pakistan as well as India. In Pakistan, almost all major buildings are built in cooperation with foreign firms. The results can be seen as a hybrid architecture, as designers from outside Pakistan have tried to give a modern look to the city. Below is a brief account of the main Islamic architecture built by the Mughals in Pakistan. The Naulaha Pavilion Naulaha Pavilion is named after the nine rupees of the nine rupees it took to build this. It is a small white marble building with a large arched entrance and a roof of corvexes. It is located next to the courtyard sheesh mahal. The structure is laid with many precious and semi-precious stones. Due to its location, it provides an amazing view of the ancient city, Lahore. The Badshahi Lahore Mosque is a Mughal-era mosque in Lahore. It was built by the sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1671. It is the second largest mosque in Pakistan. It is located west of Fort Lahore. The Badshahi Mosque is Pakistan's main tourist attraction. The exterior of the mosque is made of carved red stones, and the insert is made of white marble. Fort Lahore, also known as Shahi Sila, is located in the northwestern part of the city of Lahore. It has a huge structure and consists of many buildings and gates that include, Alamgiri Gate, Sofa e Aam, Sofa e Has, Khuwab Gah, Makatib Khana, Moti masjid, Lal Burj, Kala Burj , Shish Mehel and many others. Shalamar Bhagh is a Mughal garden complex built in 1637 AD during the Shah Jahan era. Construction was completed in 1641. Shalamar Gardens is a World Heritage Site listed as a World Heritage Site due to its design and architecture. Its architecture is inspired by the old Shalamar gardens in Kashmir, built by Emperor Jahangir, the father of Shah Jahan. The gardens of the shalamara are lined with a parallelogram, surrounded by a high brick wall, which has a beautiful carving. The is a Mughal-era mosque. He was into operation during the mughal era of Shah Jahan. It is one of the most beautiful mosques built Times. This mosque is famous for its intricate tile work known as porridge kari. The mosque is built from a sublime slab that opens the Wazir Khan Chok in Lahore. Lahore is a historic city. This area is ruled not only by Muslims, but also by people of different religions, such as Hindus, Sikhs and Christians. Consequently, the evolution of the city of Lahore originated with a specific culture and origin from antiquity. But, it was the Turkish Persian character that left a lasting and dominant impact on this city. It was an important center for control of the surrounding areas and anyway, it remains the center of northwest India, and now Pakistan.The Mughal period: (1524 - 1712AD) among all the rulers, the Great Mughal left its indelible influence on the art and culture of Lahore. During their reign of almost two centuries (185 years), they made Lahore almost the second capital of India. A traveler from Europe in the seventeenth century described Lahore as a vast and densely populated city, with bazaars full of valuable goods. The first Mughal emperor, Babur captured Lahore in 1526. Lahore later remained the capital of India for 14 years from 1584 to 1598 during the reign of Akbar (1556-1605), the 3rd Mughal emperor. He rebuilt the existing fort and fenced the city with a burnt brick wall, having 12 prestigious gates. Among these gates, masjidi's famous gates were built in 1566, right in front of the eastern gate of Fort Lahore (Figure 6). His successor, Emperor Jahangir, loved this city very much and used to conduct ships here. He and his wife, Empress Noor Jahan, have their tombs on the northwestern periphery of the city of Lahore. He is also known for the construction of the hunting resort of on the outskirts of Lahore. The next heir was Shah Jahan, who was born in Lahore. The famous Shalimar Garden was built by him in 1642. Among all the mughal emperors, he was known as the Great Builder. These days Lahore has become a royal residence where Mughal emperors spend some time each year. As a result of these royal connections, Lahore acquired many of the architectural values of the Mughals. Architectural contributions of Jahangir and Shah Jahan included the expansion of Fort Lahore, the construction of mosques, tombs, gardens, palaces, royal courts, caravan sheds, royal baths (hammams), city walls, havelies (royal residences), etc. During the reign of the Mughals (1524-1712), the city of Lahore touched the pinnacle of its greatness. The architectural contribution of the last of the Mughals, Aurangzeb (1658-1707), was the most famous monument of the Badshahi Mosque (1673) and the Alamgiri Gate on the west side of the fort. The Badshahi Mosque was Aurangzeb's legacy for the city. Highlights of : the architectural architecture of the Great are the source of Lahore's main distinction as a heritage city. The Mughal Buildings depict uniformity both in structure and in character. They are characterized by their harmony, proportion, balance and symmetry. They used beautiful geometric patterns in their buildings. The gardens were built on the concept of Chahar Bagh. Architectural elements of the Mughal include an onion dome (single and double), slender minarets and domes at four corners, a large central hall, massive vaulted gateways, arched pancakes and kiosks with chatris (domes). In fact, the architecture of the Mughals was the result of the unification of the indigenous and Persian Mughals, using the amazing skills of Indian craftsmen who took their finished products in the construction of the highest degree of sophistication, delicacy and perfection. The Mughal decoration included work on overhead, pietra, dura, calligraphy, porridge, Jali's work and wood carving. British Colonial Period (1849-1947): After the death of Ranjit Singh, his successors could not compete with the British army. Thus, almost a century later, Punjab province was incorporated into British India in 1849. Once again, lahore was home to the provincial provincial and military headquarters. Consequently, there was a period of Western influence on this land. Immediately after the annexation, in order to establish their administrative control over the city, the British built a railway station and connecting buildings, courts, town hall, museum, telegraph and post offices, banks, medical and educational buildings. They also built a new city for themselves south and southeast of the walled city, called Donald Town. Later, it became known as a civic line as it was built around the core of British national administrators. There were offices, houses, clubs and shops consisting of a common habitat for British officers. Over time, Indian officials and specialists also began to live in this area. This article needs additional quotes to verify. Please help improve this article by adding quotes to reliable sources. Non-sources of materials can be challenged and removed. Find sources: Architecture of Lahore - News newspaper book scientist JSTOR (April 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Badshahi Mosque is one of the most famous buildings of Lahore Alamgiri Gate in Fort Lahore. The Wazir Khan Mosque in Lahore is considered to be the most ornate mosque of the Mughal era. The architecture of Lahore reflects the history of Lahore and is notable for its diversity and uniqueness. There are buildings left over from the centuries-old mug of the Mughal dynasty, the Sikh Empire, and the British Raj era, whose style is a mixture of Victorian and Islamic architecture, often referred to as Indo-Gothic. Also that are very modern in their design. The interesting point about the architecture of Lahore is that unlike the emphasis on functional architecture in the west, much of Lahore's architecture has always been about making a statement as much as anything else. Lahore art has always been popular all over the world and thus it attracts tourists from all over the world. The old city is home to a number of Lahore architectures that are heavily influenced by the Mughal style. The Department of Archaeology has excavated many of the architectural remains of the buildings that were built during the reign of Rama Ayodhya. Thus, it can be said that while most of Lahore's buildings have Muslim heritage, there are several structures that have the influence of other religions such as Sikhism, Hinduism, Jainism and zoroastrianism. However, the Lahore architecture also includes thirteen gates through which you can enter the city from different angles. Some of the gates are known as the Raushnai Gate, the Masti Gate, the Yakki Gate, the Kashmir Gate, the Khizri Gate, the Shah Burj Gate, the Akbari Gate and the Lahore Gate. Some of Lahore's other important buildings built during the Mughal reign are the quadrangle of Jahangir, Maktab Khan, Hilwat Khan, The Painting Wall, Kala Burj and Hathi Paer. Lahore architecture also consists of several mosques. The atypical style of all the main buildings was that they were surrounded by beautiful gardens. Walled City Home article: The Wall city of Lahore, like all ancient cities, Lahore also has two faces, old and new. It is located next to the Ravi River, which has helped the city develop economically, demographically and culturally. Trade, food and communications were made possible by the city's strategic location. The old city resembles the former glory of Lahore, and the new city offers the prospect of its bright and prosperous future. The city is built in the form of a parallelogram and the area in the walls is about 461 acres (1.87 km2). This city is slightly sublime, therefore protecting it from destruction and any external invasion. It was Akbar who, during his stay in Lahore, built a brick wall around the city to protect it. Since the walls eventually disintegrated when Ranjit Singh came to power after that, he restored these walls and added a deep wide ditch around. This moat was further filled with beautiful gardens, and surrounded the city from all sides except the north. Access to the city was possible through thirteen gateways. The main entrance to the Badshahi Mosque Food Street in the tomb of Jehangir in the tomb of Alam Sir in the tomb of the GPO on the Mall road kuaid-e-Azam Library gate Badshahi Mosque Kuaid-e- Azam Library Interior of the Mosque Badshahi Survivor Gate Title Description Entrance to the Old City Gate is located on the western wall of the old city. The area inside the gate famously known city for its food. Not far from the Bhati Gate is the mausoleum of Sufi saint Ali Hadjveri (also known as Data Sahib Ganjbaksh). Every Thursday evening Na'at Readers and zavavals (who perform zaawwali) gather here to read Na'at and perform religious zawwali. The Delhi Gate Gate of Delhi was once the main and only road that led from Lahore to Delhi. The gates were built in the Mughal era. Although the gate was badly damaged in 1947 due to the unrest caused by the , it has since been renovated and is now in its former glory. The Kashmir Gate of Kashmir is named because it is directed in the direction of Kashmir. Inside the gate is a shopping district called the Kashmir Bazaar and a college for girls. This college, built on an old haveli owned by the Shah, is a perfect example of Mughal architecture. The Lochari Gate of Lochari is very close to the Bhati Gate. Like many other gates, it was built to keep enemies. Although it is currently surrounded by shops and stalls, it still has great architectural significance. means iron and the gate is called Lohari, because many lohars (blacksmiths) workshops were based near these gates. The Roshna Gate, also known as the Gate of Light, is located between Fort Lahore and The Badshahi Mosque. As the gate was one of the main entrances to the city, it was constantly visited by Omers, courtiers, royal servants and retinues. In the evenings the gates were illuminated, hence its name. The gate was also called the Gates of Magnificence. These are the only gates that are in good condition and still retains its original look. The Shayranwal gate of the Shayranwal Gate, also known as the Lions Gate, was made by Maharaja Ranjit Singh. After its completion, Singh placed two living lions (or Shers) in cages at the gate as a symbolic gesture to warn any invader. The Great Mughal Architecture Home article: The Great Mughal era in Lahore the Mughals ruled a population dominated by non-Muslims, mostly Hindus. The mughal rulers tolerate the religions and traditions of indigenous peoples. They were also included in the art, literature, music and architecture of the Mughal dynasty. During the 300-year reign of the Mughals, their attitudes towards indigenous cultures were different. With the arrival of Akbar there was a fusion of Hindu and Muslim styles, and they are depicted in various architectural innovations that he undertook. The architecture of the Mughals was a product of Indian, Islamic, Timurid and even European styles. Mughal artists used these borrowed forms, in terms of symbolism and style, to fit into their own distinctive style of architecture. According to Fazl, the court chronicler, the forts and palaces of the Mughal were much more than imperial residences, they served as emblems of power and wealth, designed to dazzle the local Raja, who were present Imperial courts. Mughal emperors often demolished earlier structures to make space for new ones. Although they were proud of their heritage, each sought to shape the court in their own way, and give their own rule a unique character. In addition to forts and palaces, the two other most important types of Mughal buildings were mosques and tombs. Both were used to provide a place of worship for Muslims. The great Islamic tombs became popular during the Mughal times. These tombs usually had entrances without doors, so the interior was open to the outside air, and it was suggested that this arrangement was designed to satisfy the law while avoiding its real meaning. Such attempts to reconcile artistic talent with religious tradition portray Islam as devoid of artistic aspirations. From an architectural point of view, thus, Lahore is essentially a Mughal city, its golden period is by and large a period of Mughal rule. The emperors have added a lot to the city of Lahore, making it a beautiful and cultural city. Today, no architectural work can be compared to the great style of the Mughals. They left an unprecedented mark that can't be matched no matter how hard one tries. Badshahi Mosque Tomb Jahangir Shalimar Gardens Asaf Khan Mausoleum Sikh Architecture Former Haveli Nau Nihal Singh, grandson of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab, Lahore Hazuri Bag Baradari built by Ranjit Singh. Samadhi Ranjit Singh. Sikh Architecture is a style of architecture that is characterized by values of progressiveness, exquisite subtleties, strict beauty and logical smooth lines. This form of architecture was originally developed in Sikhism, its style is used in many non-ligious buildings because of its beauty. 300 years ago, Sikh architecture was distinguished by its many curves and straight lines, Sri Keshgarh Sahib and the Golden Temple are vivid examples and history of gurdwara. In addition to religious buildings, Sikh architecture has secular types of forts, palaces, bunga (residential places), colleges, etc. Religious structure is a gurdwara, the place where the Guru lives. Gurdwara is not only an all-important building of faith like Masjid or a mosque of the Islamic faith and a mandir or temple of the Hindu religion, but it is also like its Islamic and Hindu counterparts, the main Sikh architecture. Samadhi Ranjit Singh is the mausoleum of Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It is located near Fort Lahore and Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, Pakistan. Construction was started by his son, Harak Singh, at the site where he was cremated, and was completed by his youngest son, Dulip Singh, in 1848. The tomb illustrates the architecture of the Sikhs, it is gilded fluted domes and domes and ornate balustrade around Ranjit Singh's ashes are contained in a marble urn in the form of a hidden under a marble pavilion encrusted with Pietra Dura, in the center of the tomb. Two small monuments to the west of the main mausoleum in memory of Ranjit Singh's son Harake Singh and grandson Of Nau Nihal Singh and their wives. British architecture under British rule (1849-1947), colonial architecture in Lahore combined with Mughal, Gothic and Victorian styles. Under British rule, Sir Ganga Ram (sometimes referred to as the Father of Modern Lahore) designed and built the Main Post Office, , Aitchison College, Mayo School of Art (now NCA), Ganga Ram Hospital, Lady McLagan Girls High School, Faculty of Chemistry, University of State College, Albert Victor Wing of Mayo Hospital, Sir Ganga Ram High School (now Ravi Road House for the Disabled, Ganga and Lady Maynard Industrial School. He also built Model City, a suburb that recently turned into a cultural hub for Lahore's growing socio-economic elite. The main post office and the YMCA building in Lahore celebrated the golden jubilee of queen Victoria, an event marked by the construction of clock towers and monuments throughout British India. Other important British buildings included the High Court, Government College University, Museums, St. Anthony's College, National College of Art, Montgomery Hall, Tollinton Market, University of Punjab (Old Campus) and Provincial Assembly. Even today, Mall Road retains various Gothic and Victorian style buildings built during the British Raj. At one end of the Shopping Centre is a university, one of Pakistan's most prestigious universities. The British also launched the city's first equestrian club in 1924, starting a tradition that continues today at the Lahore Race Club. Other notable buildings include the Punjab Assembly Hall, the , the General Post Office (GPO), the Lahore Museum, the University of Punjab, the Tollinton Market and the Lahore railway station. Tollinton Market State College Of Lahore University Museum Bawa Dinga Singh Building The (built during the British Raj) Popular forms of architecture mosque Main article: Mosques of Lahore religion throughout history have influenced the fabric of Muslim society, and we find our imprint on art and culture as well. The city of Lahore, which was a place of study, could not escape the influence of Islam. This influence we find in several architectural monuments, in particular, mosques built during the muslim supremacy over the area. Some of these mosques were built by women and courtiers to spread knowledge. The most famous mosque built in the Mogul period was the Badshahi Mosque. Others include Masjid Sara-I Shahjahani, built Shah Jahan and located near the Jahangir's tomb; Taksali Gate Mosque; Mullah Mohammad Saleh Kambo Mosque, located near the Moti Gate; Sunehri Mosque, built during the last phase of Mughal rule; Masjid Sardar Jahan, the earliest mosque of the Jahangir period and located inside the Lahore Gate; and zenana Masjid in the fort, built near the Ladies quadrangle and intended exclusively for ladies living nearby. Gardens Home article: The list of parks and gardens in Lahore from the beginning Of Lahore was known for its beautiful gardens and parks. Its ideal location on the shores of Ravi has provided an opportunity for rulers and beauty lovers to plan gardens to suit their aesthetic taste. During the Mogul period, most of the gardens were planned around the mausoleums of rulers or saints or was laid by royal courts. Gardens have in some cases been used as farmhouses or summer resorts. Many emperors camped in these gardens during their visit to Lahore or when they were on the way. We are not sure whether these gardens were also used by the public at the time or not. Some of the gardens laid down during the Mughal period include Dilkush's garden, Shalimar Garden, Chaubudzri Garden, Naulaha Garden and Gulabi Garden. Tombs of Durbar Data Sanctuary. Lahore is a city where the remains of the most romantic and artistic of all the emperors of this subcontinent exist. This is the city where the most beautiful and intelligent of all the Mughal queens, Noor Jahan lies in an eternal dream in the city she loved most. Here, too, lies a romantic legendary figure, Anarkali. Apart from the royal family there are a number of great people who have left an imprint on the pages of history and are now the proud heritage of Lahore. Among the administrators we can name Asif Jah, brother of Nur Jahan, as well as the famous architect of his time Ali Mardan Khan. Lahore is equally proud of religious leaders and saints. Their graves are visited daily by thousands of their disciples, and the living influence of their teachings is still felt today. Contemporary Architecture In modern Lahore, the traditions of architecture in Lahore are changing. The dome, minaret, arch, intricate mirrorwork and extravagant use of ornaments, which were features of the Mughal style, went out of fashion. In addition, changing economic structure, industrialization and population growth have contributed greatly to the revolution in all forms of architecture. Due to lifestyle changes and trends, there is an increasing trend towards the adoption of Western and American forms of architecture. However, there is no parallel between the classical architecture of the Mughals and the modern structure. The architecture of the Mughals far surpasses modern architectural designs. These days, parts of the Bahria City Housing Scheme in Lahore are themed on Egyptian culture. There are many other architectural notables, including themes for different places that make Bahria a very interesting and well conceived scheme for visiting and living. The Lahore Alhamra Art Council is also part of the architecture in Lahore, it gives modern and old all traditions to Pakistan. This is the work of the Aga Khan in Lahore. Mount Chowk (Horse Roundabout) in Lahore Cantt PIA Head office Eden Heights Islamic Summit See also Wikimedia Commons has media related to the architecture of Lahore. The Age of the Mughals in Lahore Wall of Lahore indo-Persian culture of Pakistani architecture In Lahore: Alhamra Art Council Hazuri Bag Baradari Lahore Lahore Train Station Minar-e-Pakistan Samadhi Ranjit Singh Notes and Masson, Vadim Mikhaĭlovich (2003). History of civilizations of Central Asia: Development in contrast to : from the sixteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century. Unesco. ISBN 9789231038761. Jill, Ingjum. The father of modern Lahore remembered the anniversary. Daily Times (Pakistan). July 12, 2004. - The official Alhamra website is archived on February 25, 2012 by a Wayback car recovered from a

sodim-dajozigesozix-sojesumupusimow.pdf gipijibulinu-xekipovifo.pdf rezatitanik.pdf parogafagelujagofo.pdf 8216744.pdf basics of qualitative research pdf download frenzied berserker 3.5 handbook prepositions list with meanings pdf pubg mobile tutorial mame for psp robert feldman attorney most popular gaming websites free single member llc operating agreement template pdf libros de negociacion dunder mifflin commercial song piano sheet music android install aab file aheli publication b.ed books pdf free download in bengali near net shape manufacturing pdf vapokejaxetu.pdf ziribujexupamufep.pdf