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Garryales Nymphaeales Austrobaileyales

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Garryales Nymphaeales Austrobaileyales Amborellales Garryales Nymphaeales Austrobaileyales Acorales G Eenzaadlobbigen G Alismatales Petrosaviales Garryales Pandanales Deze kleine, nieuwe orde is de Dioscoreales Liliales tweehuizige planten die bepaa Asparagales haren. De bloemen zijn klein en De twee families zijn afkomstig Arecales Dasypogonales Eucommiales, in de Hamamelisa Poales Van niet alle planten uit deze o G Commeliniden G Commelinales Zingiberales Gentianales Ceratophyllales De Gentianales zijn een goed o Chloranthales kenmerken. De Gentiaanfamilie (Apocynaceae) vormden altijd a Canellales eerst in een eigen orde, de Rub Piperales G Magnoliiden G Magnoliales Laurales Er zijn overeenkomsten in de ba het matK-gen in het chloroplast Ranunculales Sabiales Ze hebben altijd steunblaadjes, Proteales afscheiden om de groeitoppen Trochodendrales bloemkroon ligt gedraaid in de Buxales soms erg giftig. Gunnerales Berberidopsidales Dilleniales Caryophyllales Santalales Saxifragales G Geavanceerde tweezaadlobbigen G Vitales Crossosomatales Geraniales Myrtales Garryales Zygophyllales This small, new order is the sister gr Celastrales Malpighiales that contain iridoids like aucubin. T G Fabiden G Oxalidales indehiscent fruits. Fabales The two families come from other o Rosales Hamamelidae, and Garryaceae from Cucurbitales sufficiently known. Fagales Brassicales G G Gentianales Malviden Malvales Sapindales Gentianales are a well circumscribed Gentianaceae, Loganiaceae, and Ap Cornales Ericales G Asteriden G Eucommiaceae Garryales Garryaceae G Lamiiden G Gentianales Solanales Rubiaceae Lamiales Gentianaceae Loganiaceae Aquifoliales Gelsemiaceae G G Apiales Campanuliden Apocyynaceae Dipsacales 21 Asterales Garryales | Gentianales I Euc Deze f loofver De bla De blo Garryales Iep. De Deze kleine, nieuwe orde is de zustergroep van de rest van de Lamiiden. Het zijn houtige, De soo chemis tweehuizige planten die bepaalde iridoiden bevatten, zoals aucubine. Ze hebben eencellige tonicum haren. De bloemen zijn klein en groeien uit tot openspringende vruchten. De twee families zijn afkomstig uit andere ordes. De Eucommiaceae uit een eigen orde, de Eucommiales, in de Hamamelisachtigen, en de Garryaceae uit de Cornales. Van niet alle planten uit deze orde is al voldoende bekend voor een goede indeling. Gentianales De Gentianales zijn een goed omschreven groep, gebaseerd op moleculaire en morfologische kenmerken. De Gentiaanfamilie (Gentianaceae), Loganiaceae en Maagdenpalmfamilie (Apocynaceae) vormden altijd al de kern van deze orde. De Sterbladigen (Rubiaceae) werden eerst in een eigen orde, de Rubiales geplaatst. Er zijn overeenkomsten in de basenvolgorde van het rbcL-gen, het ndhF-gen, het atpB-gen en I Gar het matK-gen in het chloroplast-DNA, en van het 18S-gen in het ribosomaal kern-DNA. Een kle Ze hebben altijd steunblaadjes, al zijn ze soms klein, en dikke klierharen (colleteren) die slijm 2 gesla afscheiden om de groeitoppen te beschermen. Ze hebben tegenoverstaande bladeren, en de van alt bloemkroon ligt gedraaid in de knop. Verder delen ze bepaalde alkaloiden en zijn daardoor struike soms erg giftig. Azië (H en Gar Noord- Amerik tegeno basis m De blo 1 krans bessen voor m vooral Garryales This small, new order is the sister group of the rest of the Lamiids. Garryales are woody, dioecious plants I Ster that contain iridoids like aucubin. They have unicellular hairs. The flowers are small and develop into De Ste indehiscent fruits. 600 ge The two families come from other orders. Eucommiaceae from their own order, Eucommiales, in the wereld Hamamelidae, and Garryaceae from the order Cornales. Not all plants in the order Garryales are struike sufficiently known. zijn ee De bla Gentianales steunb 5 met e Gentianales are a well circumscribed group, based on both molecular and morphological characters. een on Gentianaceae, Loganiaceae, and Apocynaceae have been at the heart of this order for some time. vorm, a Rubiaceae were placed in another order, Rubiales. vogels, There are similarities in base sequences of the rbcL-gene, the worde Eucommiaceae ndhF-gene, the atpB-gene, and the matK-gene in the chloroplast zoals H Garryaceae DNA, and of the 18S gene in the ribosomal nuclear DNA. Koffie They all have stipules and thick glandular hairs (colleters), that Rubiaceae econom Gentianaceae produce mucilage in order to project the shoot apex. sierpla Loganiaceae The leaves are opposite, and the corolla is convolute in bud. bedeel Gelsemiaceae They share certain alkaloids and may be extremely poisonous. Walstro Apocyynaceae Blauw Meekra I Eucommiaceae I Gentiaanfamilie (Gentianaceae) Deze familie telt slechts 1 soort: Eucommia ulmoides. Het is een tweehuizige, Een vrij grote familie met 87 geslachte loofverliezende, windbestoven boom uit China, die niet uit het wild bekend is. voornamelijk van kruiden, soms struik De bladeren zijn enkelvoudig, gezaagd, en staan in een spiraal aan de takken. voorkomen, maar vooral in gematigde De bloemen zijn klein, okselstandig, zonder bloemdek, en lijken op die van de vertegenwoordigers zonder bladgroen Iep. De vruchten zijn eenzadig en gevleugeld. schimmels betrekken. De bladeren zijn De soort is hier geplaatst op basis van kenmerken van de eicel, en op onderaan met elkaar verbonden, waa chemische kenmerken. De boom produceert latex. Uit de bast wordt een steunblaadjes ontbreken. De bloemen tonicum gewonnen, en een medicijn tegen arthritis. regelmatig, met een opvallende, vergr kroon. Ze hebben meestal geen haren bittere smaak. De vrucht is meestal ee Uit de Gentiaan (Gentiana) en Cansco medicijnen gemaakt. De Gentiaan en bekende sierplanten. Ook in Nederlan vertegenwoordigers van de Gentiaanf Gentiaan (Gentiana), Duizendguldenk (Centaurium), Bitterling (Blackstonia), Draadgentiaan (Cicendia filiformis) en Baardgentiaan (Gentianella). Aucuba japonica I Garryaceae Een kleine familie met slechts 2 geslachten en 17 soorten van altijdgroene bomen en struiken: Aucuba uit Oost- I Loganiaceae Azië (Himalaya tot Japan) Dit is een vrij kleine pantropische en Garrya uit Westelijk familie met 13 geslachten en ruim Noord- en Midden- 400 soorten, die vooral in Australië en Amerika. De bladeren staan Nieuw Caledonië voorkomen. Er zijn tegenover elkaar en zijn aan de Garrya elliptica eenjarige kruiden bij, maar ook struik basis met elkaar verbonden. en klimmers. Ze hebben vlakke, De bloemen zijn klein en hebben maar tegenoverstaand bladeren. De bloeme 1 krans van bloemblaadjes. De vruchten zijn zijn 4-5-tallig, de vruchten zijn variabe bessen. Garrya wordt wel als sierplant gekweekt, in het gebied van herkomst Deze familie is veel kleiner geworden: voor medicinale doeleinden. Aucuba japonica is een erg bekende tuinplant, zo zijn de Gelsemiaceae nu een aparte vooral de cultuurvariëteit ‘Variegata’, met goudgespikkelde bladeren. familie, en is Buddleja naar de Helmkruidfamilie (Scrophulariaceae) I Sterbladigenfamilie (Rubiaceae) verhuisd. De Sterbladigen zijn de grootste familie in deze orde, met ruim Het meest bekende geslacht uit deze 600 geslachten en meer dan 10.000 soorten. Ze komen overal ter familie is Strychnos. Uit Strychnos wereld voor, maar vooral in de tropen. Het zijn meestal bomen en nux-vomica wordt strychnine gewonne struiken, soms klimmers. De kruidachtige Sterbladigen in Europa uit de bast van S. toxifera curare. zijn een buitenbeentje in deze familie. De bladeren zijn enkelvoudig en tegenoverstaand, met steunblaadjes. De bloemen zijn regelmatig, met een kleine kelk, 5 met elkaar vergroeide kroonbladen en 5 meeldraden, en hebben een onderstandig vruchtbeginsel. De bloemen zijn erg variabel van vorm, afhankelijk van de manier van bestuiven: door insecten, vogels, vleermuizen of wind. Ook de vruchten zijn erg variabel en worden op allerlei manieren verspreid. Veel tropische Sterbladigen zoals Hydnophytum en Myrmecodia bieden onderdak aan mieren. Koffie (Coffea arabica) en Cinchona, een bron van quinine, zijn economisch bijzonder belangrijk. Gardenia is de bekendste sierplant uit deze familie. In Nederland is met Sterbladigen karig bedeeld: Lievevrouwebedstro (Asperula odorata), enkele soorten Walstro (Galium), Kruisbladwalstro (Cruciata laevipes), Blauw walstro (Sherardia arvensis), en de oude kleurstofplant Meekrap (Rubia tinctorum). Lievevrouwebedstro I Gentiaanfamilie (Gentianaceae) I Gelsemiaceae tweehuizige, Een vrij grote familie met 87 geslachten en meer dan 1600 soorten, Dit is een kleine familie wild bekend is. voornamelijk van kruiden, soms struiken of bomen, die wereldwijd met 11 soorten: Gelsemi aan de takken. voorkomen, maar vooral in gematigde streken. Er zijn enkele die in de tropen voorkom n op die van de vertegenwoordigers zonder bladgroen, die hun voedingsstoffen van recentelijk afgesplitst va schimmels betrekken. De bladeren zijn tegenoverstaand, vaak zittend en Het zijn struiken of klim en op onderaan met elkaar verbonden, waarbij tegenoverstaande blade wordt een steunblaadjes ontbreken. De bloemen zijn 4-5-tallig, elkaar verbonden zijn do regelmatig, met een opvallende, vergroeidbladige of die 2 steunblaadjes he kroon. Ze hebben meestal geen haren, en vaak een De bloemen zijn regelma bittere smaak. De vrucht is meestal een doosvrucht. en opvallend, en lijken Uit de Gentiaan (Gentiana) en Canscora worden wel wel op die van Jasmijn. medicijnen gemaakt. De Gentiaan en Exacum zijn Misschien hoort ook bekende sierplanten. Ook in Nederland zijn er Pteleocarpa in deze fam vertegenwoordigers van de Gentiaanfamilie: of anders in de Gentiaan (Gentiana), Duizendguldenkruid Ruwbladigenfamilie (Bor (Centaurium), Bitterling (Blackstonia),
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