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The Critical Analysis of Sunni and Shi'ite Exegetical

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The Critical Analysis of Sunni and Shi'ite Exegetical The Critical Analysis of Sunni and Shi’ite Exegetical Views on the 44th Verse of Surah “Sad” Rasoul Muhammad Ja’fari | Mahdi Aslani Received: 2019‐11‐28 | Accepted: 2020‐04‐13 Abstract One of the eminent prophets whose name is mentioned in several Qur’an verses is Prophet Job (PBUH). Some controversial issues related to this holy prophet have been raised in Sunni and Shi’ite exegeses; for instance, the interpretations regarding the 44th verse of Surah “Sad”. By using the descriptive and analytical method, the present study aims to critically review the Sunni and Shi’ite exegetical views on the interpretation of the 44th verse of Surah “Sad”. The results of the study indicate that 2 important arguments about this Qur’anic verse are under discussion between Sunni and Shi’ite scholars and commentators: first, the reason of swear and the person who is hit; second, the jurisprudential usage of the verse. As for the first argument, the interpretation of the verse points to the swear of Prophet Job (PBUH) to hit his wife and the punishment mitigation ordered by God but the purpose of swear by the Prophet and his wife’s fault are not explicitly mentioned for the sake of respect and decency. As for the potential of jurisprudential usage of the verse, the Islamic jurists and commentators have proposed 4 jurisprudential perceptions including “the punishment of a sick adulteress”, “the swear of a master to punish his servant”, “hitting a wife who is not obstinately disobedient”, and “the permission of religious deceit”. There are various fallacies against all the above interpretations indicating that the circumstances in this verse relate to a particular condition specially for the case of Prophet Job (PBUH) so it does not involve other religions or persons. Keywords Prophet Job (PBUH), the 44th Verse of Surah Sad, Swear, Hitting the Spouse, Islamic Jurisprudential Rules Assistant Professor, Shahid University | [email protected] Ph.D. Student in Teaching Theology (the Qur’an and Scripture), the Qur’an and Hadith University (Pardis-i Tehran) | [email protected] Muhammad Ja’fari, R; Aslani, M. (2020) The Critical Analysis of Sunni and Shi’ite Exegetical Views on the 44th Verse of Surah “Sad”. Biannual Journal of Comparative Exegetical Researches, 6 (11) 67‐92 . Doi: 10.22091/ptt.2020.4371.1560 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ׀ Distributed nder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ آراء ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮي ﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ در ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮرة «ص» رﺳﻮل ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺟﻌﻔﺮی* | ﻣﻬﺪی اﺻﻼﻧﯽ** ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ درﯾﺎﻓﺖ: ٠٧/٠٩/١٣٩٨ | ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﭘﺬﯾﺮش: ٢۵/٠١/١٣٩٩ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻳﻜﻲ از ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮان ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﺔ اﻟﻬﻲ ﻛـﻪ در ﻗـﺮآن، ﻧـﺎم اﻳﺸـﺎن در ﭼﻨـﺪ ﻧﻮﺑـﺖ و ﭼﻨـﺪ ﺳـﻮره ﻳـﺎد ﺷـﺪه، ﺣﻀـﺮت اﻳﻮب(ع) اﺳﺖ. درﺑﺎرة اﻳﻦ ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮ اﻟﻬﻲ، ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﻴﺰ در ﺗﻔﺎﺳﻴﺮ ﻓﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ اﻧﻌﻜﺎس ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻛـﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﺔ آﻧﻬﺎ، ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺜﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮرة «ص» ﻣﻄﺮح ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و ﺑﺮﺧﻲ آراء ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮي اراﺋـﻪ ﺷـﺪه ذﻳـﻞ اﻳﻦ آﻳﻪ در ﻣﻌﺮض ﻧﻘﺪ ﺟﺪي ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ، ازاﻳﻦ روي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ در ﺻﺪد ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺳﺆال اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ آراي ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮي ﻓـﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ در ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮ آﻳـﻪ 44 ﺳـﻮره «ص» ﭼﮕﻮﻧـﻪ اﺳـﺖ؟ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ از آن دارﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ آﻳﻪ، دو ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﻴﺎن ﻋﺎﻟﻤـﺎن و ﻣﻔﺴـﺮان ﻓـﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻣﻄـﺮح ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ؛ ﻧﺨﺴﺖ، ﻋﻠﺖ ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ و ﻓﺮد ﻣﻀﺮوب؛ و دوم، اﻣﻜﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻓﻘﻬﻲ از آﻳﻪ. درﺑﺎرة ﻣﺴﺌﻠﺔ ﻧﺨﺴـﺘﻴﻦ اﺟﻤﺎﻻً ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﺳﻴﺎق آﻳﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ اﻳﻮب(ع) ﺑﺮ ﻣﻀﺮوب ﺳـﺎﺧﺘﻦ ﻫﻤﺴـﺮش و ﺣﻜـﻢ ﺗﺨﻔﻴـﻒ اﻟﻬـﻲ اﺷﺎره دارد و ﺑﺮاى رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ادب و ﺣﻔﻆ اﺣﺘﺮام، دﻗﻴﻘﺎً ﺳﺒﺐ ﺳـﻮﮔﻨﺪ آن ﺣﻀـﺮت و ﺧﻄـﺎي ﻫﻤﺴـﺮش ذﻛـﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ. در ﺧﺼﻮص اﻣﻜﺎن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻓﻘﻬﻲ از آﻳﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ، ﻓﻘﻬﺎ و ﻣﻔﺴﺮان ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻓﻘﻬﻲ اراﺋﻪ ﻛـﺮده اﻧـﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ از «ﺟﺎري ﻛﺮدن ﺣﺪ ﺑﺮ زﻧﺎﻛﺎر ﺑﻴﻤﺎر»، «ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ ﻣﻮﻻ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ»، «ﺿﺮب ﻫﻤﺴﺮ در ﻏﻴﺮ ﻧﺸـﻮز » و «ﺟﻮاز ﺣﻴﻠﻪ ﺷﺮﻋﻲ». ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺔ اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻫﺎ اﺷﻜﺎﻻت ﻣﺘﻌﺪدي وارد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﻣـﺎ اﺷـﻜﺎل ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒـﺎً ﻣﺸـﺘﺮك ﻫﻤﺔ آﻧﻬﺎ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ آﻧﭽﻪ در آﻳﻪ ﻣﻄﺮح ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه از اﺣﻜﺎم اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ اﻳﻮب(ع) اﺳـﺖ و دﻟﻴﻠـﻲ ﺑـﺮ اﻟﻐـﺎي ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺖ از اﻳﺸﺎن و ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺷﺮاﻳﻊ و ﻳﺎ ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ اﺷﺨﺎص دﻳﮕﺮ، وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد . ﻛﻠﻴﺪواژهﻫﺎ اﻳﻮب(ع)، آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮره «ص»، ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ، ﺿﺮب ﻫﻤﺴﺮ، اﺣﻜﺎم ﻓﻘﻬﻲ. * اﺳﺘﺎدﯾﺎر داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﺎهﺪ | [email protected] ** داﻧﺸﺠﻮی دﮐﺘﺮی ﻣﺪرﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﺎرف ﮔﺮاﯾﺶ ﻗﺮآن و ﻣﺘﻮن، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻗﺮآن و ﺣﺪﯾﺚ، ﭘﺮدﯾﺲ ﺗﻬﺮان | [email protected] ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺟﻌﻔﺮی، ر؛ اﺻﻼﻧﯽ، م. (١٣٩٩). ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آراء ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮی ﻓﺮﯾﻘﯿﻦ در ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ آﯾﻪ ٤٤ ﺳﻮرۀ «ص»، دوﻓﺼﻞﻧﺎﻣﮥ ﭘﮋوهﺶهﺎی ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ. ۶ (١١)، ٩٢-Doi: 10.22091/ptt.2020.4371.1560 .۶٧ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 ׀ Distributed nder the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 ٧٠ | دوﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﭘﮋوهﺶ هﺎیﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮﺗﻄﺒﯿﻘﯽ - ﺳﺎل ۶، ﺷﻤﺎره ١، ﺑﻬﺎر و ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن ١٣٩٩، ﺷﻤﺎره ﭘﯿﺎﭘﯽ ١١ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﻧﺎم اﻳﻮب(ع) ﭼﻬﺎر ﺑﺎر و در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻮرة ﻗﺮآن آﻣﺪه و ﺑـﺮﺧﻼف ﺗـﻮرات ﻛﻨـ ﻮﻧﻰ ﻛـﻪ آن ﺣﻀﺮت را در زﻣﺮة ﭘﻴﺎﻣﺒﺮان ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﻤﺎرش ﻧﻴـﺎورده و ﺗﻨﻬـﺎ وي را ﺑﻨـﺪه اى ﻣـﺘﻤﻜﻦ و ﻧﻴﻜﻮﻛـﺎر و داراى اﻣﻮال و ﻓﺮزﻧﺪانِ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻧﻤﻮده ، در ﺳﻮرة ﻧﺴﺎء آﻳـﻪ 163 ﺧﺪاوﻧـﺪ ﻣﻘـﺎم ﻧﺒـﻮﺗﺶ را اﺛﺒﺎت ﻓﺮﻣﻮده و در ﺳﻮرة اﻧﻌﺎم آﻳﻪ 84 اﻳﺸﺎن را از ذرﻳـﺔ اﺑـﺮاﻫﻴﻢ(ع) و از ﻫـﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷـﺪﮔﺎن و در ﻋﺪاد «ﻣﺤﺴﻨﻴﻦ» ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻧﺪه اﺳـﺖ؛ ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ در ﺳـﻮرة اﻧﺒﻴـﺎء آﻳـﺎت 83 و 84 ﺗﻮﺿـﻴﺢ ﻛﻮﺗـﺎﻫﻰ درﺑﺎرة زﻧﺪﮔﻰ آن ﺣﻀﺮت آﻣﺪه و در ﺳﻮرة «ص» آﻳﺎت 41 ﺗﺎ 44 ﻣﺸﺮوح ﺗﺮ از ﻫﺮﺟﺎى دﻳﮕـﺮ ﻗﺮآن، ﺷﺮح ﺣﺎل او ﺿﻤﻦ ﭼﻬﺎر آﻳـﻪ ﺑﻴـﺎن ﮔﺮدﻳـﺪه اﺳـﺖ (ﻣﻜـﺎرم ﺷـﻴﺮازي، 1374ش، ج19، ْ ُ َ ص293). در آﻳﺎت 41 ﺗﺎ 44 ﺳﻮره «ص» ﺧﺪاوﻧﺪ درﺑﺎرة اﻳﻮب(ع) ﻣـﻲ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳـﺪ : « َو اذﮐ ْـﺮ َﻋْﺒ َـﺪﻧﺎ َ َ ْ َ َ ﱢ ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ َ َ َ ٌ َ ٌ أﱡﯾﻮب إذ ﻧ َﺎدی َر ﱠﺑ ُﻪ أﻧﻲ َﻣ ﱠﺴﻨﻲَ اﻟﺸْﯿ َﻄ ُﺎن ﺑ ُﻨ ْﺼﺐ َو َﻋﺬاب * ْارﮐﺾ ﺑﺮ ْﺟﻠﻚ هﺬا ُﻣ ْﻐﺘ َﺴﻞ َﺑـﺎرٌد َو ﺷ َـﺮاب * ِ َ ِ ِ ٍ ٍُ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ َ َ َ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ً ﱠ َ ْ َ ْ ْ َ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ً َ ْ ْ َ َ و وهﺒﻨﺎ ﻟﻪ أهﻠﻪ و ِﻣﺜﻠﮫﻢ ﻣﻌﮫﻢ رﺣ ﻤﺔ ِﻣﻨﺎ و ِذﮐﺮی ِﻷ ِوﻟﻲ اﻷﻟﺒ ِﺎب * و ﺧﺬ ِﺑﯿ ِﺪك ِﺿﻐﺜﺎ ﻓﺎﺿﺮب ِﺑ ِـﻪ و ﻻ َ 1 ِ َ ْ َ ْ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ُ َ ً ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ُ ﱠ ٌ ». ﺗﺤﻨﺚ ِإﻧﺎ وﺟﺪﻧﺎه ﺻ ِﺎﺑﺮا ِﻧﻌﻢ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ِإﻧﻪ أواب در ﺳﻮرة «ص» ﻧﺎم ﻧُﻪ ﻧﻔـﺮ از اﻧﺒﻴـﺎء ذﻛـﺮ ﮔﺮدﻳـﺪه اﻣـﺎ از داﺳـﺘﺎن داود(ع)، ﺳـﻠﻴﻤﺎن(ع) و اﻳﻮب(ع) ﻧﺴﺒﺘﺎً ﻣﺸﺮوح ﻳﺎد ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺑﺎﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ آﻳﺎت ﺳﻮرة «ص» ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮان ﮔﻔـﺖ ﻗـﺮآن ﺑـﺮ ﻋﺒﻮدﻳﺖ اﻳﻮب(ع) ﺑﻴﺶ از داود(ع) و ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن(ع) ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻓﺮﻣﻮده اﺳﺖ؛ زﻳـﺮا درﺑـﺎرة داود(ع) ﺑـﺎ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ْ َ ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ «ﻋﺒﺪﻧﺎ» ﻓﺮﻣﻮده اﺳﺖ: «و اذﮐﺮ ﻋﺒﺪﻧﺎ داود » (ص:17)، در ﺧﺼﻮص ﺳـﻠﻴﻤﺎن(ع) ﺗﻌﺒﻴـﺮ «ِﻧﻌـﻢ ْ َ ْ ُ َ َ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ » در «و وهﺒﻨﺎ ِﻟﺪاود ﺳﻠﯿﻤﺎن ِﻧﻌﻢ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ » (ص:30) آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﻣـﺎ در ﻣـﻮرد اﻳـﻮب(ع) ﻫـﺮ دو ُ َ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ « َ ْ َ » و « ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ » ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ در آﻳﺎت « َ ْ ْ َ ْ َ َ ﱡ َ » (ص:41) و « ْ َ ْ َ ْ ُ ﱠ ُ ﻋﺒﺪﻧﺎ ِﻧﻌﻢ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ و اذﮐـﺮ ﻋﺒـﺪﻧﺎ أﯾـﻮب... ِﻧﻌـﻢ اﻟﻌﺒـﺪ ِإﻧـﻪ َ ٌ أ ﱠواب » (ص:44) ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ و اﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮدن اﺑﺘﻼﺋﺎت و ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻌﻨﻮي و روﺣﻲ آن ﺣﻀﺮت ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . اﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﭼـﺎﻟﺶ ﺑﺮاﻧﮕﻴـﺰ ﻣـﺎﺟﺮاي اﻳـﻮب(ع) در آﺛـﺎر و ﺗﻔﺎﺳـﻴﺮ ﻓـﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ ﻣﻔـﺎد و دﻻﻟﺖ آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮره «ص» اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﺪ: « َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ً َ ْ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ » ﻛـﻪ ﺑـﻪ و ﺧﺬ ِﺑﯿ ِﺪك ِﺿﻐﺜﺎ ﻓﺎﺿ ِﺮب ِﺑ ِﻪ و ﻻ ﺗﺤ ﻨﺚ ١ «و ﺑﻨﺪۀ ﻣﺎ ّاﯾﻮب را ﺑﻪ ﯾﺎد آور، آنﮔﺎه ﮐﻪ ﭘﺮوردﮔﺎرش را ﻧﺪا داد ﮐﻪ: «ﺷﯿﻄﺎن ﻣﺮا ﺑﻪ رﻧﺞ و ﻋﺬاب ﻣﺒﺘﻼ ﮐﺮد.» * [ﺑﻪ او ﮔﻔﺘﯿﻢ:] ّ ً «ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎی ﺧﻮد [ﺑﻪ زﻣﯿﻦ] ﺑﮑﻮب»، اﯾﻨﻚ اﯾﻦ ﭼﺸﻤﻪﺳﺎری اﺳﺖ ﺳﺮد و آﺷﺎﻣﯿﺪﻧﯽ * و [ﻣﺠﺪدا] ﮐﺴﺎﻧﺶ را و ِﻧﻈﺎﯾﺮ آﻧﻬﺎ را هﻤﺮاه آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ او ﺑﺨﺸﯿﺪﯾﻢ، ﺗﺎ رﺣﻤﺘﯽ از ﺟﺎﻧﺐ ﻣﺎ و ﻋﺒﺮﺗﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺧﺮدﻣﻨﺪان ﺑﺎﺷﺪ * [و ﺑﻪ او ﮔﻔﺘﯿﻢ:] «ﯾﻚ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﺖ ﺑﺮﮔﯿﺮ و [هﻤﺴﺮت را] ﺑﺎ آن ﺑﺰن و ﺳﻮﮔﻨﺪ ﻣﺸﮑﻦ.» ﻣﺎ او را ﺷﮑﯿﺒﺎ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﯿﻢ. ﭼﻪ ﻧﯿﮑﻮﺑﻨﺪهای! ﺑﻪ راﺳﺘﯽ او ﺗﻮﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﻮد.» ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ آراء ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ ی ﻓﺮ ﯾﻘﯿﻦ در ﺗﻔﺴﯿﺮ آﯾﻪ ۴۴ ﺳﻮرۀ «ص» | 71 ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﻫﺎ از اﻳﻦ آﻳﻪ ﻧﻘﺪﻫﺎي ﺟـﺪي وارد اﺳـﺖ؛ ازاﻳـﻦ روي ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑـﺎ روش ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ در ﺻﺪد ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺳﺆال اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳـﻲ آراي ﺗﻔﺴـﻴﺮي ﻓـﺮﻳﻘﻴﻦ در ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮره «ص» ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ؟ اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﮔﻔـﺖ درﺑـﺎرة اﻳـﻮب(ع) ﭘـﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺳﺎﻣﺎن داده ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ از ﺟﻤﻠﺔ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮارد اﺷﺎره ﻛﺮد: اﻟﻒ - «ﻧﻘﺪ و ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ آراي ﻣﻔﺴﺮان در ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ آﻳﻪ 44 ﺳﻮرة «ص» و ﺗﺎزﻳﺎﻧﻪ زدن اﻳﻮب ﺑـﻪ ﻫﻤﺴﺮش»؛ اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ -ﻛﻪ ﻧﺰدﻳﻚ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ اﺳﺖ - ﺑﺮ ﻧﻘﺪ رواﻳـﺎت و آراﻳـﻲ ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ دارد ﻛﻪ آﻳﻪ را ﺑﺮ ﻛﺘﻚ زدن ﻫﻤﺴﺮ اﻳﻮب(ع) ﺣﻤﻞ ﻛﺮدهاﻧﺪ. ب - «ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻤﺎي ﺣﻀﺮت اﻳﻮب(ع) ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﺑﺮ ﺻﺒﺮ اﻳﺸﺎن از دﻳﺪﮔﺎه آﻳﺎت و رواﻳﺎت و ﻋﺮﻓﺎن اﺳﻼﻣﻲ» ج - «ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﺔ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺣﻀﺮت اﻳﻮب در ﻗﺮآن و ﻋﻬﺪﻳﻦ» د - «ﺣﻀﺮت اﻳﻮب، اﺳﻮة ﺻﺒﺮ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ و ﺷﻜﺮ» ﺑﻪ رﻏﻢ ﻧﮕﺎرش اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﭼﺎﻟﺸﻲ ﻣﻔﺴـﺮان در ﺧﺼـﻮص اﻳﻮب(ع) ذﻳﻞ آﻳﺎت 41 ﺗﺎ 44 ﺳﻮره «ص» -ﻛﻪ اﺣﻴﺎﻧـﺎً ﺑـﻪ آراي ﻣﻔﺴـﺮان ﻧﻴـﺰ ﻧﻘـﺪ وارد اﺳـﺖ - ﻧﭙﺮداﺧﺘﻪ، ﻟﺬا اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ در ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﺪارك اﻳﻦ ﺧﻸ ﺳﺎﻣﺎن ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﺪ.
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