i960 553 Notices of Periodicals and Occasional Publicationss Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/LXXV/296/553/638142 by guest on 27 September 2021 mainly o THE FOLLOWING list is based on actual inspection of the periodicals concerned, which in many cases are sent to the REVIEW by the courtesy of their editors and publishers, and which are read by contributors to whom the Editor wishes to express his thanks. It should be noted that contributors are not asked to include all articles, but only those to which in their judgment attention should be drawn; and that articles of a purely bibliographical or archaeological character or which deal exclusively with American history are not normally included. Most of the items listed appeared in 1959, but a few are earlier publications. General History and International Affairs S. Lauffer discusses the role of class distinctions in Athens in classical times. Hist. Zeitschr., clxxxv. Sterling Dow considers the law codes of Nikomakhos as revealed on marble frag- ment found during excavation of Athenian Agora, a quarter of a century ago. Presents summary of conclusions about these inscriptions as a code. Believes principal problems of interpretation of surviving texts are solved! 'Altogether the Code was evidently a masterpiece of scholarship applied to law.' Mass. Hist. Soc. lxxi. J. Gag£ examines the relationship between the Roman emperor of the first century and the kings with whom they were in contact; he finds Byzantine hierarchical practices anticipated. Rev. Hist, ccxxi. E. Gabba examines the attitude of Greek historians to the Roman Empire down to the age of the Severi. Riv. stor. ital. lxxi. J. Gribomont discusses the influence of Eustathius the philosopher, here identified with Eustathius bishop of Sebaste (e. 356-380), upon the young St. Basil, and uses the identification to throw light on Basil's early career. Rev. d'hist. eccl. liv. P. Grierson discusses the evidence for the existence of large-scale trade in the early Middle Ages (argues that the importance of non-commercial factors—tribute, ransoms, gifts, plunder etc.—in the distribution of money and goods at this period has been underestimated, and that as a result there has been a tendency to exaggerate the real importance of trade and merchants). Trans. R. Hist. Soc. ix. K. Reindel, discussing the origins of the Quadrivium, criticizes recent attempts to treat it as marking a break in outlook between antiquity and the Middle Ages. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters. xv. P. Meyvaert criticizes (and with some reason) M. Deanesly and P. Grosjean on the ' Responsiones ' of Gregory I in Journal of Eccl. Hist, x, pleading for a more thorough and accurate study of the texts. Rev. d'hist. eccl. liv. C. Cahen discusses the social evolution of the Islamic world down to the twelfth century, and compares it with that of Christian Europe. He suggests some lines of continuity with the late Roman Empire; and stresses the contrast at this stage between the fief and the iqta. Cahiers de Civ. Med. i. C. Cahen completes bis study of social development in the Moslem world down to the twelfth century with a consideration of urban society, the social effects of military change and ' feudal' elements in Islamic society. Argues particularly that contrasts of social structure between the Islamic and Christian worlds are not mainly due to J54 PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS July differences of religious belief, and that there are many parallels between the evolution of the two societies. Ibid. ii. E. A. Lowe argues plausibly that the Leningrad Bede has Bede's own writing in the colophon, and so dates the whole manuscript before 735. Scriptorium, xii. M. Schapiro discusses the Northumbrian characteristics of the decoration of the Leningrad Bede, with their implications for the Book of Kells, &c. Ibid. xii. H. Aubin makes a resume of the factors in the rise of Western European society after the Germaine invasions. (Emphasizes* new, indigenous forces'; it is not merely Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/LXXV/296/553/638142 by guest on 27 September 2021 a question of an amalgam of Classical, Christian and Germanic elements.) Hist. Zeitschr. clxxxvii. H. Fuhrmann examines critically recent theories on the date of the Donation of Constantine. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters, xv. F. C. Scheibe, on the basis of comparison of style, identifies Alcuin as the writer of three politically important letters issued in Charlemagne's name. Ibid. H. Beumarin recapitulates the evidence and arguments regarding the imperial coronation of 800 (concluding once again, but without resolving the dispute, that Charles, drawing upon Frankish tradition, intended to take the imperial title, but not in the way the pope conferred it). Hist. Zeitschr. clxxxv. J. Irigoin discusses codicological features of various centres of Byzantine book- production, 800-1,100. Scriptorium, xii. H. F. Haefele discusses the manuscripts and historical character of Notker's Gesta Karoli. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters, xv. G. Fasoli discusses the sources for, and the extent, character and results of the Magyar invasions of Western Europe and Italy, summarizing some of the conclusions of his book, Le incursioni ungare in Europa mlsecolo X. Cahiers de Civ. M6d. ii. E. Seckel (in a posthumous essay published by H. Fuhrmann) identifies a number of canons in the Decretum of Burchard of Worms which earlier writers had left unidentified. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters, xv. P. Bogdanowicz, ' the origins of the document known as " Dagome iudex " '. [Accepts and develops the recent suggestion of A. Steffen that the surrender of the Polish state to the papacy recorded in it was inspired by Empress Theophano; it is possibly the outcome of her visit to Rome in 989-90.] Roczniki Historyczne, xxv. P. Rousset discusses the environmental influences which throw light on the emotional attitudes of' romanesque ' Europe. Cahiers de Civ. M&L ii. J. Aubin discusses the changes in the trade routes of the Persian Gulf area in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, and the ruin of Siraf as a centre of trade with China, India and East Africa. Ibid. R. Paret discusses the reasons why, in spite of growing internal divisions from Abbasid times onwards, Islam retained its sense of unity. Hist. Zeitschr. clxxxvii. K. Reindel examines the manuscript-sources and editions of the works (in particular of the letters) of Peter Damian. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters, xv. P. Lemerle postulates the desuetude of the old military holdings in Byzantium and discusses the measures of Manuel Comnenus to provide for the upkeep of soldiers by grants of revenues from imperial estates receivable at source. Denies that there is here any question of creating military fiefs or military feudalism, for the beneficiaries were mainly urban proletarians. Cahiers de Civ. Med. ii. H. Hoffmann discusses the contribution of Ivo of Chartres to the solution of the Investiture question. (His importance was due not to originality of thought—which Hoffmann denies—but to his political influence and his position between the contending parties). Deutsches Archiv. f. Erforschung d. Mittelalters, xv. A. Borst recapitulates the story of Abelard and Bernard (clearing away many errors of interpretation: no convincing evidence of conflict before 1139; the two men did not stand for different principles; Abelard in no way ' broken ' by his condemnation). Hist. Zeitschr. clxxxvi. A. Bredero, discussing the difficulties in the way of the Second Crusade, suggests that by going to Germany and settling the dispute between the count of Namur and the archbishop of Trier, St. Bernard enabled Conrad HI to agree to go on crusade. Mitteil- ungen des Institute f. osterr. Geschichtsforschung, brvi. A. H. Bredero edits with elaborate apparatus the text (Paris, B. N. lat. 7561 pp. 65- 87) of Geoffrey of Auxerre's letter to Eskil, archbishop of Lund, which was used by the writer as rough draft for composing book V of the Vitaprima of St. Bernard. Scriptor- ium, xiii. i960 PERIODICAL PUBLICATIONS 555 J. Koch discusses the character of Hildegerd of Bingen's writings. (Not a ' mystic ' as commonly asserted). Hist. Zeitschr. clxxxvi. Theodor Mayer, in a general discussion of the relations of empire and papacy, with particular emphasis on Innocent III, queries recent tendencies to lay stress on symbol- ism, on the one hand, and canonistic theory on the other. (An interesting but con- tentious interpretation.) Ibid, clxxxvii. H. M. Schaller describes the Petrus de Vinea manuscript, formerly Phillipps 8390, and assigns it to the years 1294-7. Deutsches Archiv. f. Erfbrschung d. Mittelalters, Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/LXXV/296/553/638142 by guest on 27 September 2021 xv. F. Baethgen re-edits the treatise of Francisco de Mayronis on the relations of the spiritual and temporal powers, but casts doubt on the view that it represents a reply to Dante's' De Monarchia '. Ibid. xv. Hyman Pais describes the relations of English parliament and council with the Hanseatic League whose privileges in England were withdrawn in 1377 and restored in 1380: the first attempt formally to break into the Baltic trade. Ann. Hist. Rev. lxiv. Constantin Marinesco discusses, illustrating with documents from the Archivio de Ja Corona de Aragon, the commercial activities of Alfonso the Magnanimous in South Italy, Spain and Flanders 1416-58. Rev. Hist, ccxxi. Hermann Wiesflecker examines the policy of Maximilian I with particular reference to the Habsburg-Spanish marriage-alliance of 1495-6, against the background of current international politics. (A thorough and valuable piece of work, based on new material from Spanish and Austrian archives, leading to the conclusion that Maximilian, torn between the exigencies of his eastern and western policies, was half-hearted, had no far-reaching plans, and, despite his own subsequent claims, did not foresee the conse- quences of the alliance.) Mitteilungen des Instituts f.